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On 2 August 1995, Libya reorganized into thirteen districts (''[[shabiyah|shabiyat]]''). In 1998 this was increased to 26 shabiyat districts. In 2001 it was increased to thirty-two districts plus three administrative regions. Finally in 2007 to was reduced to twenty-two districts.
On 2 August 1995, Libya reorganized into thirteen districts (''[[shabiyah|shabiyat]]''). In 1998 this was increased to 26 shabiyat districts. In 2001 it was increased to thirty-two districts plus three administrative regions. Finally in 2007 to was reduced to twenty-two districts.


For historical evolution see also: [[Subdivisions of Libya]].
{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"
| '''year''' || '''number of divisions''' || '''name of divisions'''
|-
| [[ancient Libya|historically]] ([[Greek empire|Greeks]], [[Roman empire|Romans]], [[History of Ottoman Libya|Ottomans]])|| 3 ([[Cyrenaica]], [[Fezzan]], [[Tripolitania]]) or <br>1 || [[province]]
|-
| colonised territory (1st phase) <br>[[Italian North Africa]], <br>from 1912 to 1927 || 1<ref>[[Italian Libya]] states "Italian Libya was formed from the colonies of Cyrenaica and Tripolitania which were taken by Italy from the Ottoman Empire in 1912".</ref> ([[Italian Libya]]) or <br>2<ref>[[Italian North Africa]] states "from 1912 to 1934, as Tripolitania and Cyrenaica"</ref> || [[commisariat]], [[governorate]] or [[province]]
|-
| colonised territory (2nd phase) <br>[[Italian North Africa]]<br>from 1927 to 1934 || 2 ([[Italian Cyrenaica]]<ref>[[Italian Cyrenaica]] states "was formed in 1927" and "In 1934, Cyrenaica became part of Italian Libya". [[Italian Libya]] states "Italian Libya was formed from the colonies of Cyrenaica and Tripolitania which were taken by Italy from the Ottoman Empire in 1912 after the Italo-Turkish War of 1911 to 1912".<br>[[Provinces of Libya]] states "From 1927 to 1934, the territory was split into two separate colonies, each run by their own Italian governor: Italian Cyrenaica and Italian Tripolitania".</ref>, [[Italian Tripolitania]]<ref>[[Italian Tripolitania]] states "was formed in 1927" and "In 1934, Cyrenaica became part of Italian Libya". [[Italian Libya]] states "Italian Libya was formed from the colonies of Cyrenaica and Tripolitania which were taken by Italy from the Ottoman Empire in 1912 after the Italo-Turkish War of 1911 to 1912".</ref>) <br>also [[Fezzan]]?<ref>[[Italian Libya]] states "Both Cyrenaica and Tripolitania, along with Fezzan, were merged into Italian Libya in 1934" but [[Italian North Africa]] states "from 1912 to 1934, as Tripolitania and Cyrenaica".</ref> || [[commisariat]], [[governorate]] or [[province]]
|-
| colonised territory (3rd phase) <br>[[Italian Libya]] <br>from 1934 to 1937 || 3<ref>[[Provinces of Libya]] states "In 1934 Italy adopted the name "Libya" as the official name of the reunified area, and administratively divided it up into the three provinces of Cyrenaica, Tripolitania and Fezzan".</ref> ([[Cyrenaica]], [[Fezzan]], [[Tripolitania]]) or <br>4<ref name="ReferenceA">[[Italian Libya]] states "In 1934, [...] the colony (made up of the three Provinces of Cyrenaica, Tripolitania and Fezzan)" but also in the same paragraph "The colony was administered among four provincial governatores [...] and the southern military territory".</ref> or <br>1<ref name="Indeed 1940">[[Italian North Africa]] states "Indeed, from 1934 to 1940, Italian North Africa was then known as Libya as the North African territories were consolidated into one colony, [[Italian Libya]]". Later, the list confirms 1 division.</ref> || [[commisariat]], [[governorate]] or [[province]]
|-
| colonised territory (4th phase) <br>[[Provinces of Libya|Provinces]] of the ''[[Fourth Shore]]'' <br>within the [[Italian Colonial Empire]] <br>from 1937 to 1940 || 4<ref name="ReferenceA"/> ([[Tripoli]], [[Bengazi]], [[Derna]], [[Misurata]]) or <br>5<ref>[[Provinces of Libya]] states "In 1937 Cyrenaica and Tripolitania provinces split, with northern Cyrenaica becoming Benghazi and Derna provinces, and northern Tripolitania splitting into Tripoli and Misurata. Fezzan was not split, but the whole southern desert area was militarily".</ref> (along with [[Southern Military Territory]]) or <br>1 <ref name="Indeed 1940"/> || [[commisariat]], [[governorate]] or [[province]]<ref>[[Italian Libya]] states "1939 a decree law transformed the commissariats into provinces".</ref>
|-
| colonised territory (5th phase) <br>after [[WWII]] <br>[[Italian Libya#After WWII|from 1943 to 1951]] || 3<ref>[[Italian Libya]] states "From 1943 to 1951, Tripolitania and Cyrenaica were under British administration, while the French controlled Fezzan".<br>[[Provinces of Libya]] states "French and British occupied Libya in 1943, it was again split into three provinces: Tripolitania in the northwest, Cyrenaica in the east, and Fezzan-Ghadames in the southwest".</ref> ([[Cyrenaica]] and [[Tripolitania]] were [[United Kingdom|British]]; [[Fezzan-Ghadames]] was [[France|French]]) || [[province]]
|-
| after independence in 1951-1952 ([[Kingdom of Libya]])|| 3 || [[muhafazah|muhafazat]] ([[Governorates of Libya|governorate]])
|-
| in [[Kingdom of Libya]] after 1963 and<br> in [[History of modern Libya|Libyan Jamahiriya]] after [[Muammar_al-Gaddafi#Military_coup_d'état|1969 coup d'état]] || 10 || [[baladiyat]] (district)
|-
| after 1983 || 46 || [[baladiyat]] (district)
|-
| after 1987-1988 || 25 || [[baladiyat]] (district)
|-
| after 1995 || 13 || [[shabiyah|shabiyat]] (district)
|-
| after 1998 || 26 || [[shabiyah|shabiyat]] (district)
|-
| after 2001 || 32 || [[shabiyah|shabiyat]] (district)
|-
| after 2007 || 22 || [[shabiyah|shabiyat]] (district)
|}


Libyan districts are further subdivided into [[Basic People's Congress (country subdivision)|Basic People's Congresses]] which act as [[township]]s or [[borough]]s.
Libyan districts are further subdivided into [[Basic People's Congress (country subdivision)|Basic People's Congresses]] which act as [[township]]s or [[borough]]s.

Revision as of 16:18, 25 February 2011

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There are twenty-two districts of Libya, known by the term shabiyah (Arabic singular شعبية sha'biyah, plural sha'biyat). In the 1990s these replaced the older baladiyat system.

Historically the area of Libya was considered three provinces (or states), Tripolitania in the northwest, Cyrenaica in the east, and Fezzan in the southwest. It was the conquest by Italy in the Italo-Turkish War that united them in a single political unit. Under the Italians Libya was eventually divided into four provinces and one territory: Tripoli, Misurata, Benghazi, Derna, (in the north) and the Territory of the Libyan Sahara (in the south).[1] After the French and British occupied Libya in 1943, it was again split into three provinces: Tripolitania in the northwest, Cyrenaica in the east, and Fezzan-Ghadames in the southwest.[2]

Article 176 of the constitution of Libya stated "The Kingdom of Libya shall be divided into administrative units in conformity with the law to be promulgated in this connection. Local and regional councils may be formed in the Kingdom. The extend of these units shall be determined by law which shall likewise organize these Councils." in exact quote.[citation needed]

After independence (1951), Libya was divided into three governorates (muhafazat), matching the three provinces of before, but in 1963 it was divided into ten governorates. In 1983 a new system was introduced dividing the country into forty-six districts (baladiyat). In 1987 this was reduced to twenty-five districts.

On 2 August 1995, Libya reorganized into thirteen districts (shabiyat). In 1998 this was increased to 26 shabiyat districts. In 2001 it was increased to thirty-two districts plus three administrative regions. Finally in 2007 to was reduced to twenty-two districts.

For historical evolution see also: Subdivisions of Libya.

Libyan districts are further subdivided into Basic People's Congresses which act as townships or boroughs.

Shabiyat

Shabiyah is a neologism exclusive to Libya. The term basically means a district, that is, a top level administrative division.

22 shabiyat (2007)

In 2007 the current twenty-two shabiyah replaced the older thirty-two shabiyah[3][4][5].

The current list is as following:

The current twenty-two shabiyat system in Libya (since 2007)
شعبية English Pop (2006)[6] Number
(on map)
البطنان Al Butnan 159,536 1
درنة Darnah 163,351 2
الجبل الاخضر Al Jabal al Akhdar 203,156 3
المرج Al Marj 185,848 4
بنغازي Benghazi 670,797 5
الواحات Al Wahat 177,047 6
الكفرة Al Kufrah 50,104 7
سرت Surt 141,378 8
مرزق Murzuq 78,621 22
سبها Sabha 134,162 19
وادي الحياة Wadi Al Hayaa 76,858 20
مصراتة Misratah 550,938 9
المرقب Al Murgub 432,202 10
طرابلس Tarabulus 1,065,405 11
الجفارة Al Jfara 453,198 12
الزاوية Az Zawiyah 290,993 13
النقاط الخمس An Nuqat al Khams 287,662 14
الجبل الغربي Al Jabal al Gharbi 304,159 15
نالوت Nalut 93,224 16
غات Ghat 23,518 21
الجفرة Al Jufrah 52,342 17
وادي الشاطئ Wadi Al Shatii 78,532 18

32 shabiyat (2001)

The 2001 reorganization of Libya into shabiyat districts[7] resulted in thirty-two districts and three administrative regions (المنطقة الإدارية):

The old thirty-two shabiyat system in Libya (2001-2007)
شعبية Sha'biyah Population Area
(sq km)		 Number
(on map)
إجدابيا Ajdabiya 165,839 91,620 1
البطنان Al Butnan 144,527 83,860 2
الحزام الاخضر Al Hizam Al Akhdar 108,860 12,800 3
الجبل الاخضر Al Jabal al Akhdar 194,185 7,800 4
الجفارة Al Jfara 289,340 1,940 5
الجفرة Al Jufrah 45,117 117,410 6
الكفرة Al Kufrah 51,433 483,510 7
المرج Al Marj 116,318 10,000 8
المرقب Al Murgub 328,292 3,000 9
النقاط الخمس An Nuqat al Khams 208,954 5,250 10
القبة Al Qubah 93,895 14,722 11
الواحات Al Wahat 29,257 108,670 12
الزاوية Az Zawiyah 197,177 1,520 13
بنغازي Benghazi 636,992 800 14
بنى وليد Bani Walid 77,424 19,710 15
درنة Darnah 81,174 4,908 16
غات Ghat 22,770 72,700 17
غدامس Ghadamis 19,000 51,750 18
غريان Gharyan 161,408 4,660 19
مرزق Murzuq 68,718 349,790 20
مزدة Mizdah 41,476 72,180 21
مصراتة Misratah 360,521 2,770 22
نالوت Nalut 86,801 13,300 23
تاجوراء والنواحي الأربع Tajura Wa Al Nawahi AlArba' 267,031 1,430 24
ترهونة و مسلاته Tarhuna Wa Msalata 296,092 5,840 25
طرابلس Tarabulus 882,926 400 26
سبها Sabha 126,610 15,330 27
سرت Surt 156,389 77,660 28
صبراته و صرمان Sabratha Wa Surman 152,521 1,370 29
وادي الحياة Wadi Al Hayaa 72,587 31,890 30
وادي الشاطئ Wadi Al Shatii 77,203 97,160 31
يفرن Yafran 117,647 9,310 32

The three administrative regions are missing from the above map, Al Qatrun,[8] Maradah,[9] and Al-Jaghbub[10]

26 shabiyat (1998)

In 1998 Libya was reorganized into twenty-six districts which were: Al-Batan, Al-Jafarah, Al-Jofra, Al-Kofra, Al-Marj, Al-Morqib, Al-Qoba, Al-Wahad, Ben Walid, Benghazi, Derna, Gharyan, Jabal Al-Akhdar, Murzaq, Musrata, Nalout, Nikat Al-Khams, Sabah, Sabrata/Sorman, Sirte, Tarhouna/Msallata, Tripoli, Wadi Al-Hait, Wadi Al-Shaati, Yefrin, and Zawiyah[11]

13 shabiyat (1995)

On 2 August 1995 Libya dropped the baladiyat system and reorganized into thirteen districts (shabiyat). Among them were Al Butnan (formerly Tobruk), Al Jabal al Akhdar, Al Jabal al Gharbi, Az Zawiyah, Benghazi, and Tarabulus. However there is not agreement about the other seven names.[5].

Former 46 baladiyat in 1983 and 25 in 1988

Baladiyah (singular) or baladiyat (plural), are Arabic words used in many Arab countries to denote administrative divisions of the country. In Libya, the baladiyat system of districts was introduced in 1983 to replace the governorate system. Originally there were forty-six baladiyat districts,[5] but in 1988 that number was reduced to twenty-five baladiyat. The table hereunder lists the old twenty-five baladiyat in alphabetical order with a link to each one and numbered to be located on the map. Note that each district linked may be both a baladiyah and a shabiyah. The many changes may not always be reflected in the article.

Evolution

شعبية / بلدية‎ Name 2007 (22) 2001 (32) Name in 1998 (26) 1995 (13) 1988 (25) Capital
إجدابيا Ajdabiya District x x Ajdabiya
البطنان Al Butnan District (Tobruk in 1995, from 1988 Tubruq District) x x Al-Batan x Tubruq Tobruk
الحزام الاخضر Al Hizam Al Akhdar District x Al Abyar
الجبل الاخضر Al Jabal al Akhdar District x x Jabal Al-Akhdar x x Al Bayda
الجبل الغربي Al Jabal al Gharbi District x x Gharyan
الجغبوب Al Jaghbub (or Al-Jaghbub) Administrative Region AR Administrative Region
الجفارة Al Jfara District (from 1988 Al 'Aziziyah District) x x Al-Jafara Al 'Aziziyah Al 'Aziziyah
الجفرة Al Jufrah District x x Al-Jofra 4 x Houn
الكفرة Al Kufrah District x x Al-Kofra 5 x Al Jawf
المرج Al Marj District (from 1983-1988 Al Fatih District) x x Al-Marj Al Fatih Al Marj, Barca in antiquity
المرقب Al Murgub District (from 1995 & 1988 Al Khums District) x x Al-Morqib 5 Al Khums Al Khums city
القطرون Al Qatrun Administrative Region AR Administrative Region
القبة Al Qubah District x Al-Qoba Al Qubah city, or Giovanni Berta
الواحات Al Wahat District (Al-Wahah in 1995) x x Al-Wahad 4 Ajdabiya city (cf. Ajdabiya District)
Al Wusta 4
النقاط الخمس An Nuqat al Khams District (or Al-Nuqat al Khams; Nikat Al-Khums in 1995) x x Nikat Al-Khams 5 x Zuwarah
أوباري‎ Awbari District 5a x Awbari
الزاوية Az Zawiyah District (or Al-Zawiya) x x Zawiyah x x Az Zawiyah city
بنى وليد Bani Walid District (from 1988 Sawfajjin District) x Ben Walid Bani Walid city?
بنغازي Benghazi District x x Benghazi x x Benghazi city
درنة Darnah District x x Derna x Darnah, Libya
فزان Fezzan (Fazzan in 1995) 4 Sabha
غدامس Ghadamis District (or Ghadames) x x Ghadames
غريان Gharyan District x Gharyan x Gharyan
غات Ghat District (from 1988 Awbari) x x Ghat
مرادة Maradah Administrative Region AR Administrative Region
مصراتة Misratah District (or Misurata District, includes 1988 Bani Walid District and Zlitan District) x x Musrata 4 x Misurata
مزدة Mizdah District x Mizdah city?
مرزق Murzuq District (Marzug in 1995) x x Murzaq 5 x Murzuk
Naggaza 4
نالوت Nalut District x x Nalout Nalut
سبها Sabha District (Sabah in 1988) x x Sabah 5 x Sabha city
صبراته و صرمان Sabratha Wa Surman District x Sabrata/Sorman
سوفاجين‎ Sawfajjin District 4 x Bani Walid
سرت Surt District (Khalij Surt in 1995) x x Sirte 5 x Sirt
تاجوراء والنواحي الأربع Tajura Wa Al Nawahi AlArba' District x Tajura
طرابلس Tarabulus District (Tripoli) x x Tripoli x x Tripoli
ترهونة و مسلاته Tarhuna Wa Msalata District (from 1988 Tarhunah District) x Tarhuna/Msalata Tarhunah Tarhuna city
وادي الحياة Wadi Al Hayaa District (1995 Wadi Al Hait?, from 1988 Awbari) x x Wadi Al Hait? 5b
وادي الشاطئ Wadi Al Shatii District (Ash Shati' in 1988) x x Wadi Al-Shaati Ash Shati' Adiri[12] or Brak[13]
يفرن Yafran District x Yefrin x Yifrin
زلتان‎ Zlitan District x Zliten

For 1995 data, [4] and [5] are the two different sources mentioned in the bibliography[5]: "The Europa World Year Book 2001" and "Ershiyi (21) Shiji Shijie Diming Lu", Beijing, 2001.

For 1988, name is provided if different from nowadays. As said above, AR stands for the three "Administrative Region" of 2001.

Fazzan wasn't strictly a district, but a historical muhafazah or wilayah alongside with Tripolitania (capital Tripoli) and Cyrenaica (capital Cyrene -near nowadays Shahhat- with Diocletian, moved to Ptolemais after the earthquake of 365, and to Barce -nowadays Barca- with Omer Bin Khattab in 643).

Galleries of maps

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Pan, Chia-Lin (1949) "The Population of Libya" Population Studies, 3(1): pp. 100-125, p. 104
  2. ^ "Map of Libya 1943-1951" Zentrale für Unterrichtsmedien
  3. ^ شعبيات الجماهيرية العظمى– Sha'biyat of Great Jamahiriya, accessed 10 May 2009, in Arabic
  4. ^ :"Libya population statistics". Geohive. Retrieved 30 October 2009. {{cite web}}: Text "language, English, Arabic" ignored (help)
  5. ^ a b c d "Districts of Libya". Statoids.com. Retrieved 7 November 2010.
  6. ^ Libyan General Information Authority accessed 22 July 2009
  7. ^ "الشعبيات بالجماهيرية" ("Districts of Libya") Website of the General People's Committee of Libya, from WebArchive dated 30 August 2006
  8. ^ "Districts of Libya:Alqtron Tjrhi" Website of the General People's Committee of Libya, in Arabic, from Web Archive dated 30 August 2006
  9. ^ "Districts of Libya:Mradq" Website of the General People's Committee of Libya, in Arabic, from Web Archive dated 30 August 2006
  10. ^ "Districts of Libya:Aljgbob" Website of the General People's Committee of Libya, in Arabic, from Web Archive dated 30 August 2006
  11. ^ "Libya" 2006 Statesman's Yearbook
  12. ^ "Districts of Libya". statoids.com. Retrieved 27 October 2009. and German wikipedia
  13. ^ Spanish, Italian, Polish and Portuguese wikipedias
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