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Coordinates: 24°48′40″N 119°55′42″E / 24.81111°N 119.92833°E / 24.81111; 119.92833
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The '''Taiwan Strait''' or '''Formosa Strait''', also known as the '''Black Ditch''' ({{zh|t=烏水溝|poj=O͘-chúi-kau}}), is a {{convert|180|km}} wide [[strait]] separating the island of [[Taiwan]] from the Asian mainland. The strait is part of the [[South China Sea]] and connects to the [[East China Sea]] to the north.<ref name="IHO">{{cite web |url=http://www.iho-ohi.net/iho_pubs/standard/S-23/S23_1953.pdf |title=Limits of Oceans and Seas |id=Special Publication No. 23 |edition=3rd |year=1953 |publisher=[[International Hydrographic Organization]] |location=[[Monaco]] |page=33 |accessdate=7 February 2010}} The [[East China Sea]] is bounded on the south by "The Northern limit of the [[South China Sea]] <nowiki>[</nowiki>From [[Cape Fugui|Fuki Kaku]] the North point of [[Formosa]] to [[Kiushan Tao]] (Turnabout Island) on to the South point of [[Pingtan Island|Haitan Tao]] (25°25' N) and thence Westward on the parallel of 25°24' North to the coast of [[Fujian|Fukien]]<nowiki>]</nowiki>, thence from [[Cape San Diego|Santyo]] the Northeastern point of Formosa to the West point of [[Yonaguni|Yonakuni Island]] and thence to [[Hateruma|Haderuma Sima]] (24°03′ N, 123°47′ E)."</ref> The narrowest part is {{convert|130|km|mi|abbr=on}} wide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/yearbook/2001/chpt01-1.htm|title=Geography|publisher=[[Government Information Office]]|accessdate=23 January 2011}}</ref>
The '''Taiwan Strait''' or '''Formosa Strait''', also known as the '''Black Ditch''' ({{zh|t=烏水溝|poj=O͘-chúi-kau}}), is a {{convert|180|km}} wide [[strait]] separating the island of [[Taiwan]] from the Asian mainland. The strait connects the [[South China Sea]] to the [[East China Sea]].<ref name="atlas">{{cite book |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Reader's Digest Illustrated Great World Atlas |url= |location= |publisher=Reader's Digest |date=1997 |isbn=0895779889 |accessdate= }}</ref><ref name="NicholsWilliams2009">{{cite book|author1=C. Reid Nichols|author2=Robert G. Williams|title=Encyclopedia of Marine Science|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=0zD1tVXZrIcC&pg=PT298|accessdate=22 January 2013|date=1 January 2009|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-1881-9|pages=298–}}</ref><ref name="Ichiye2000">{{cite book|author=T. Ichiye|title=Ocean Hydrodynamics of the Japan and East China Seas|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=3f6WJpJ9V5kC&pg=PA301|accessdate=22 January 2013|date=1 April 2000|publisher=Elsevier|isbn=978-0-08-087077-9|pages=301–}}</ref> The narrowest part is {{convert|130|km|mi|abbr=on}} wide.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/yearbook/2001/chpt01-1.htm|title=Geography|publisher=[[Government Information Office]]|accessdate=23 January 2011}}</ref>


==Geography==
==Geography==

Revision as of 14:16, 16 January 2016

Taiwan Strait
A map showing the Taiwan Strait Area
Traditional Chinese臺灣海峽 or 台灣海峽
Simplified Chinese台湾海峡
Hokkien POJTâi-ôan Hái-kiap
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinTáiwān Hǎixiá
Wu
Romanizationde平uae平 he上yah入
Hakka
RomanizationThòi-vân Hói-hia̍p
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutpingtoi4waan1 hoi2haap3
Southern Min
Hokkien POJTâi-ôan Hái-kiap
Abbreviated as
Traditional Chinese臺海 or 台海
Simplified Chinese台海
Hokkien POJTâi-hái
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinTáihǎi
Wu
Romanizationde平he上
Hakka
RomanizationThòihói
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutpingtoi4hoi2
Southern Min
Hokkien POJTâi-hái

The Taiwan Strait or Formosa Strait, also known as the Black Ditch (Chinese: 烏水溝; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: O͘-chúi-kau), is a 180 kilometres (110 mi) wide strait separating the island of Taiwan from the Asian mainland. The strait connects the South China Sea to the East China Sea.[1][2][3] The narrowest part is 130 km (81 mi) wide.[4]

Geography

The Taiwan Strait is located between Asia and the island of Taiwan.[5]

The geo-location of Taiwan Strait

Much of China's Fujian Province is situated west of the strait while the islands of Kinmen, Xiamen, Pingtan and Matsu lie just off the coast. Penghu lies in the east of the strait. The island fishermen use the strait as a fishing resource. The Min and Jiulong rivers empty into the strait. Taiwan also administers Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu.

History

The Strait has been the theatre for several military confrontations between the PLAN and ROCN since the last days of the Chinese Civil War in 1949 when the Kuomintang (KMT) forces led by Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek retreated across the Strait and relocated their government to their final stronghold of Taiwan. A theoretical median maritime border known as the cross-strait median (海峽中線) also exists on the water to prevent certain transportation from passing.[6]

Main articles: Taiwan Strait Tunnel Project, G3 Beijing-Taipei Expressway, Beijing–Taipei High-Speed Rail Corridor, and Kunming–Taipei High-Speed Rail Corridor

As part of the People's Republic of China's National Expressway Plan, a tunnel or possibly a bridge, was proposed in 2005 to link the city of Fuzhou with Taipei across the strait.[7] If such an extreme construction would ever be built, it would by far exceed the length of any man-made tunnel in the world today. Engineers in Beijing state that a tunnel is technically feasible. However, the Republic of China government has refused to open direct links out of concern for Taiwan's security and in fear that by doing so it would have to recognize the People's Republic of China's one-China policy.[8][9]

See also

3

References

  1. ^ Reader's Digest Illustrated Great World Atlas. Reader's Digest. 1997. ISBN 0895779889.
  2. ^ C. Reid Nichols; Robert G. Williams (1 January 2009). Encyclopedia of Marine Science. Infobase Publishing. pp. 298–. ISBN 978-1-4381-1881-9. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
  3. ^ T. Ichiye (1 April 2000). Ocean Hydrodynamics of the Japan and East China Seas. Elsevier. pp. 301–. ISBN 978-0-08-087077-9. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
  4. ^ "Geography". Government Information Office. Retrieved 23 January 2011.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference IHO was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ Chinareviewnews.com. "Chinareviewnews.com." 大公報文章："海峽中線"應該廢除. Retrieved 15 July 2009.
  7. ^ China, China (1 December 2008). "Medium to Long Term Rail Network Plan for PRC". China Rail Department. China. Retrieved 24 May 2010.
  8. ^ Wu Zhong (14 January 2005). "Mainland to triple highway network". The Standard. Retrieved 13 December 2007.
  9. ^ Gittings, John (8 April 2002). "Plans unveiled in China for Taiwan tunnel". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 24 May 2010.

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Taiwan Strait.
  • Bush, R. & O'Hanlon, M. (2007). A War Like No Other: The Truth About China's Challenge to America. Wiley. ISBN 0-471-98677-1
  • Bush, R. (2006). Untying the Knot: Making Peace in the Taiwan Strait. Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 0-8157-1290-1
  • Carpenter, T. (2006). America's Coming War with China: A Collision Course over Taiwan. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 1-4039-6841-1
  • Cole, B. (2006). Taiwan's Security: History and Prospects. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-36581-3
  • Copper, J. (2006). Playing with Fire: The Looming War with China over Taiwan. Praeger Security International General Interest. ISBN 0-275-98888-0
  • Federation of American Scientists et al. (2006). Chinese Nuclear Forces and U.S. Nuclear War Planning
  • Gill, B. (2007). Rising Star: China's New Security Diplomacy. Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 0-8157-3146-9
  • Shirk, S. (2007). China: Fragile Superpower: How China's Internal Politics Could Derail Its Peaceful Rise. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-530609-0
  • Tsang, S. (2006). If China Attacks Taiwan: Military Strategy, Politics and Economics. Routledge. ISBN 0-415-40785-0
  • Tucker, N.B. (2005). Dangerous Strait: the U.S.-Taiwan-China Crisis. Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-13564-5
  • Turin, D. (2010). The Taiwan Strait: From Civil War to Status Quo. Student Pulse. Vol 2., No. 6. The Taiwan Strait: From Civil War to Status Quo
  • Thies, Wallace J.; Bratton, Patrick C. (December 2004). "When Governments Collide in the Taiwan Strait". Journal of Strategic Studies. 27 (4): 556–584. doi:10.1080/1362369042000314510.

24°48′40″N 119°55′42″E / 24.81111°N 119.92833°E / 24.81111; 119.92833

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