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1976 Tour de France

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1976 Tour de France
Race details
DatesJune 24–July 18, 1975
Stages22+Prologue, including three split stages
Distance4,017 km (2,496 mi)
Winning time116h 22' 23"
Results
Winner  Lucien Van Impe (Belgium) (Gitane–Campagnolo)
  Second  Joop Zoetemelk (Netherlands) (Gan–Mercier)
  Third  Raymond Poulidor (France) (Gan–Mercier)
Points  Freddy Maertens (Belgium) (Velda–Flandria)
Mountains  Giancarlo Bellini (Italy) (Brooklyn)
Youth  Enrique Martínez Heredia (Spain) (Kas–Compagnolo)
  Sprints  Robert Mintkiewicz (France) (Gitane–Campagnolo)
  Team Kas–Compagnolo
  Team points Gan–Mercier

The 1976 Tour de France was the 63rd Tour de France, taking place June 24 to July 18, 1976. The total race distance was 22 stages over 4017 km, with riders averaging 34.518 km/h.[1]

It was won by mountain specialist Lucien van Impe. The revelation of the Tour however was Freddy Maertens, who in his first Tour won eight stages and the points classification, and led the general classification for ten days.

Five-time winner Eddy Merckx did not join in the 1976 Tour de France because he was injured. 1975 winner Bernard Thévenet left the race in the 19th stage, but at that point it was already clear that Van Impe would win the race.

The mountains classification was won by Giancarlo Bellini with 170 points, only one point ahead of Lucien Van Impe. The young rider classification was won by Enrique Martínez Heredia. Heredia had already won the Tour de l'Avenir in 1974, but never broke through after this win.[2]

Changes from the 1975 Tour de France

The prize for the winner of the Tour de France was not only money, but also an apartment.[1] The calculation for the points classification was changed, to make the competition more accessible for the non-sprinters.[3]

Expected winners

Eddy Merckx, who already had won the Tour de France five times, had troubles to find his form in 1976, and suffered from saddle sores. He decided not to enter the 1976 Tour de France. The main favourite for the victory was now Joop Zoetemelk, who had never finished worse than fifth place in the Tour de France. The winner of the previous Tour, Bernard Thévenet, had a good spring season, winning the Dauphiné Libéré. The other former winner that was still racing, Luis Ocaña, had become second in the 1976 Vuelta a España, and was hoping to win again[4] Also reigning world champion Hennie Kuiper was considered a pre-race favourite.[5]

Race overview

The prologue was won by Maertens. He won some more stages in the first week, and was firmly leading the race. The contenders for the overall victory, thought to be Bernard Thévenet, Joop Zoetemelk and Lucien Van Impe, were waiting for the mountains to start their battle.

The first mountain stage was stage 9, and there a group of 40 cyclists broke loose. Zoetemelk won the stage, but Van Impe took the lead in the general classification, with Zoetemelk only 8 seconds behind.[6] In the next stage, Zoetemelk won the stage, but Thévenet and Van Impe were only one second behind him.[7]

The 11th stage did not see major changes in the top of the general classification, but it was remarkable as the stage with the biggest winning margin in post-World War II history. José-Luis Viejo won the stage, 22 minutes and 50 seconds ahead of the next cyclist.[1]

Then the Peugeot team from Thévenet took control. Raymond Delisle sped away in the 12th stage, took a five minute lead and won the stage, thereby taking the lead in the general classification.

After the 13th stage, won by Régis Ovion, Ovion failed the doping test. He was taken out of the results, and Teirlinck and Panizza, who originally were second and third, gained one place. In the official classification, the other cyclists were not upgraded, so the third place remains unoccupied.[8]

In the 14th stage, there was a group of attackers away, including Luis Ocaña. Van Impe was told by his team leader, Cyrille Guimard, that he should attack, but was reluctant to do so. Only after Guimard threatened to run Van Impe off the road by his car, Van Impe attacked.[4] Zoetemelk waited for the Peugeot team to defend their position of leader in the general classification, but they were not able to. After a few kilometers, Zoetemelk noticed that his tactics did not work, and started chasing Van Impe by himself. Zoetemelk decreased the gap to 50 seconds, but then Van Impe reached the group of early attackers, and started to work together, especially with Ocaña. Ocaña and Zoetemelk had battled in the early 1970s against Merckx, and Ocaña remembered that Zoetemelk never helped him back then, so decided to work against Zoetemelk now.[4] Zoetemelk could not follow them on his own, and lost three minutes in that stage. Van Impe and Zoetemelk had been going so fast, that 45 of the 93 cyclist finished outside of the time limit, but the tour organisation decided to waive the elimination rule for that stage.[4]

Van Impe won some more time in the time trial of stage 17, and Zoetemelk won a few seconds back in the 20th stage and in the time trial of the 22nd stage, but the Tour had been decided in the 14th stage at the moment when Zoetemelk decided to wait for the Peugeot team.[9]

The battle for the third place was between Raymond Delisle, Raymond Poulidor and Walter Riccomi. Poulidor, 40 years old, was racing his final Tour de France. After the 20th stage, they had exactly the same time in the general classification, and Riccomi was only 12 seconds behind them.[10] In the time trial of stage 22A, Poulidor won a few seconds on Delisle and Riccomi, and was on the podium in Paris.[1]

At the end of the Tour de France, the combativity award was given to Raymond Delisle.[1]

Stages

The 1976 Tour de France was divided into 22 stages and one prologue. Of the 22 stages, three were split stages: stages 5 and 22 were split into two half stages, and stage 18 was split into three smaller stages. There were five types of stages, with respect to how many points could be earned for the points classification in the Tour de France:

  • Normal stages: stages 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, 16, 19, 21
  • Mountain stages: stages 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20
  • Long time trials: stages 3 and 17
  • Team time trials: stage 5a
  • Short time trials: prologue and stage 22a
  • Half stages: stages 5b, 18a, 18b, 18c and 22b
Stage results[11]
Stage Date Course Distance Type Winner
P 24 June Saint-Jean-de-Monts 8 km (5 mi) Template:Navimg Individual Time Trial  Freddy Maertens (BEL)
1 25 June Saint-Jean-de-Monts to Angers 173 km (107 mi) Plain stage Flat Stage  Freddy Maertens (BEL)
2 26 June Angers to Caen 237 km (147 mi) Plain stage Flat Stage  Giovanni Battaglin (ITA)
3 27 June Le Touquet-Paris-Plage to Le Touquet-Paris-Plage 37 km (23 mi) Template:Navimg Individual Time Trial  Freddy Maertens (BEL)
4 28 June Le Touquet-Paris-Plage to Bornem Belgium 258 km (160 mi) Plain stage Flat Stage  Hennie Kuiper (NED)
5A 29 June Leuven Belgium to Leuven Belgium 4 km (2 mi) Template:Navimg Team Time Trial Ti-Raleigh
5B 29 June Leuven Belgium to Verviers Belgium 144 km (89 mi) Plain stage Half Stage  Miguel-Maria Lasa (ESP)
6 30 June Bastogne Belgium to Nancy 209 km (130 mi) Plain stage Flat Stage  Aldo Parecchini (ITA)
7 1 July Nancy to Mulhouse 206 km (128 mi) Plain stage Flat Stage  Freddy Maertens (BEL)
8 2 July Valentigney to Divonne-les-Bains 220 km (137 mi) Plain stage Flat Stage  Jacques Esclassan (FRA)
9 4 July Divonne-les-Bains to Alpe d'Huez 258 km (160 mi) Mountain stage Mountain Stage  Joop Zoetemelk (NED)
10 5 July Le Bourg-d'Oisans to Montgenèvre 166 km (103 mi) Mountain stage Mountain Stage  Joop Zoetemelk (NED)
11 6 July Montgenèvre to Manosque 224 km (139 mi) Mountain stage Mountain Stage  José-Luis Viejo (ESP)
12 8 July Le Barcarès to Pyrénées 2000 205 km (127 mi) Mountain stage Mountain Stage  Raymond Delisle (FRA)
13 9 July Font-Romeu-Odeillo-Via to Saint-Gaudens 188 km (117 mi) Mountain stage Mountain Stage  Willy Teirlinck (BEL)[12]
14 10 July Saint-Gaudens to Saint-Lary-Soulan 139 km (86 mi) Mountain stage Mountain Stage  Lucien van Impe (BEL)
15 11 July Saint-Lary-Soulan to Pau 195 km (121 mi) Mountain stage Mountain Stage  Wladimiro Panizza (ITA)
16 12 July Pau to Fleurance 152 km (94 mi) Plain stage Flat Stage  Michel Pollentier (BEL)
17 13 July Fleurance to Auch 39 km (24 mi) Template:Navimg Individual Time Trial  Ferdinand Bracke (BEL)
18A 14 July Auch to Langon 86 km (53 mi) Plain stage Half Stage  Freddy Maertens (BEL)
18B 14 July Langon to Lacanau 123 km (76 mi) Plain stage Half Stage  Freddy Maertens (BEL)
18C 14 July Lacanau to Bordeaux 70 km (43 mi) Plain stage Half Stage  Gerben Karstens (NED)
19 15 July Sainte-Foy-la-Grande to Tulle 220 km (137 mi) Plain stage Flat Stage  Hubert Mathis (FRA)
20 16 July Tulle to Puy de Dôme 220 km (137 mi) Mountain stage Mountain Stage  Joop Zoetemelk (NED)
21 17 July Montargis to Versailles 145 km (90 mi) Plain stage Flat Stage  Freddy Maertens (BEL)
22A 18 July Paris 6 km (4 mi) Template:Navimg Individual Time Trial  Freddy Maertens (BEL)
22B 18 July Paris 91 km (57 mi) Plain stage Half Stage  Gerben Karstens (NED)

Classification leadership

Stage General classification

Maillot jaune 		Points classification

Maillot vert 		Mountains classification

Maillot à pois 		Young rider classification

Maillot blanc 		Intermediate sprints classification
Points chauds 		Team classification
Classement par équipe 		Team points classification
Classement par équipe par points
P Freddy Maertens Freddy Maertens no award Bert Pronk no award Gan Gan
1 Hennie Kuiper
Roger Legeay 		Freddy Maertens Raleigh
2 Arnaldo Caverzasi
3 Velda
4 Hennie Kuiper
Arnaldo Caverzasi
5A
5B Robert Mintkiewicz
6 Brooklyn Gan
7 Hennie Kuiper Freddy Maertens Gan
8 Giancarlo Bellini Robert Mintkiewicz
9 Lucien Van Impe Patrick Perret
10 Lucien Van Impe Alain Meslet
11
12 Raymond Delisle Freddy Maertens Peugeot
13 Giancarlo Bellini Freddy Maertens
Robert Mintkiewicz
14 Lucien Van Impe Lucien Van Impe Kas
15
16 Robert Mintkiewicz
17 Bert Pronk
18A
18B
18C Giancarlo Bellini
19
20 Lucien Van Impe Enrique Martínez Heredia
21 Giancarlo Bellini
22A
22B

Final standings

Sources:[11][13]

General Classification

Rider Team Time
1  Lucien Van Impe (BEL) Van Impe was awarded the yellow jersey as winner of the general classification Gitane–Compagnolo 116h 22′ 23″
2  Joop Zoetemelk (NED) You have called {{Contentious topics}}. You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:

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+ 4′ 14″
3  Raymond Poulidor (FRA) You have called {{Contentious topics}}. You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:

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+ 12′ 08″
4  Raymond Delisle (FRA) Peugeot + 12′ 17″
5  Walter Riccomi (ITA) Scic–Fiat + 12′ 39″
6  Francisco Galdos (ESP) Kas–Compagnolo + 14′ 50″
7  Michel Pollentier (BEL) Flandria–Velda + 14′ 59″
8  Freddy Maertens (BEL)Maertens was awarded the green jersey as winner of the points classification Flandria–Velda + 16′ 09″
9  Fausto Bertoglio (ITA) Jolly Ceramica + 16′ 36″
10  Vicente Lopez-Carril (ESP) Kas–Compagnolo + 19′ 28″

King of the Mountains Classification

Rider Team Points
1  Giancarlo Bellini (ITA) Bellini was awarded the polka dot jersey as winner of the mountains classification Brooklyn 170
2  Lucien Van Impe (BEL) Van Impe was awarded the yellow jersey as winner of the general classification Gitane–Compagnolo 169
3  Joop Zoetemelk (NED) You have called {{Contentious topics}}. You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:

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119
4  Francisco Galdos (ESP) Kas–Compagnolo 85
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81
6  Pedro Torres (ESP) Super Ser 65
7  Raymond Delisle (FRA) Peugeot 63
8  Antonio Menendez (ESP) Kas–Compagnolo 59
9  Luciano Conati (ITA) Scic–Fiat 56
10  Walter Riccomi (ITA) Scic–Fiat 49

Points Classification

Rider Team Points
1  Freddy Maertens (BEL) Maertens was awarded the green jersey as winner of the points classification Flandria–Velda 293
2  Pierino Gavazzi (ITA) Jollyceramica 137
3  Jacques Esclassan (FRA) Peugeot 128
4  Enrico Paolini (ITA) Scic–Fiat 122
5  Gerben Karstens (NED) Raleigh 109
6  Michel Pollentier (BEL) Flandria–Velda 92
7  Régis Delépine (FRA) You have called {{Contentious topics}}. You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:

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80
8  Joop Zoetemelk (NED) You have called {{Contentious topics}}. You probably meant to call one of these templates instead:

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78
9  Lucien Van Impe (BEL) Van Impe was awarded the yellow jersey as winner of the general classification Gitane–Compagnolo 74
9  Wladimiro Panizza (ITA) Scic–Fiat 74

Young Riders' Classification

Rider Team Time
1  Enrique Martínez Heredia (ESP) Heredia was awarded the white jersey as winner of the young rider classification Kas–Compagnolo 117h 07' 13"
2  Alain Meslet (FRA) Gitane–Compagnolo + 1′ 30″
3  Bert Pronk (NED) Raleigh + 3′ 49″

Intermediate Sprints Classification

Rider Team Points
1  Robert Mintkiewicz (FRA) Gitane–Compagnolo 54
2  Freddy Maertens (BEL)Maertens was awarded the green jersey as winner of the points classification Flandria–Velda 37
3  Marcello Osler (ITA) Brooklyn 24

Team classification

Pos. Team Time
1 Kas–Compagnolo 350h 05' 39"
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+ 9' 20"
3 Scic–Flandria + 28' 02"
4 Peugeot + 30' 49"
5 Gitane–Compagnolo + 40' 03"

Team points classification

Pos. Team Points
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884
2 Scic–Flandria 1329
3 Peugeot 1401
4 Flandria–Velda 1624
5 Jollyceramica 1626

Doping cases

During the Tour de France, 110 doping tests were taken. Three cyclists tested positive.[14] After the third stage, Jesús Manzaneque tested positive for doping.[15] Manzaneque received a 10 minute penalty in the general classification and was suspended for one month.[16] After the 13th stage, winner Régis Ovion failed the doping test. He was taken out of the results, and Teirlinck and Panizza, who originally were second and third, gained one place. In the official classification, the other cyclists were not upgraded, so the third place remains unoccupied.[8] Bernard Labourdette was caught during the doping test, when he tried to cheat.[14]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Jacques Augendre. "Guide Historique" (in French). Amaury Sport Organisation. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-09-03. Retrieved 1 September 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  2. ^ "Witte trui geen garantie voor grootse Tourloopbaan" (in Dutch). tourdefrance.nl. 23 January 2006. Retrieved 31 August 2009.
  3. ^ "Appartement voor winnaar Tour" (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 18 June 1976. Archived from the original on 2009-09-03. Retrieved 1 September 2009. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ a b c d McGann, Bill (2008). The Story of the Tour De France: 1965-2007. Dog Ear Publishering. pp. 98--104. ISBN 1598586084. Retrieved 2009-09-28. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthor= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ "Tour zonder Merckx met veel favorieten" (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 22 June 1976. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  6. ^ "63ème Tour de France - 9ème étape" (in French). Memoire du Cyclisme. Archived from the original on 2009-09-03. Retrieved 31 August 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "63ème Tour de France - 10ème étape" (in French). Memoire du Cyclisme. Retrieved 31 August 2009.
  8. ^ a b "63ème Tour de France - 13ème étape" (in French). Memoire du Cyclisme. Retrieved 31 August 2009.
  9. ^ "1976 - Lucien van Impe wint na misrekening van Joop Zoetemelk" (in Dutch). tourdefrance.nl. 19 March 2003. Retrieved 31 August 2009.
  10. ^ "63ème Tour de France - 20ème étape" (in French). Memoire du Cyclisme. Archived from the original on 2009-09-03. Retrieved 1 September 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  11. ^ a b Michiel van Lonkhuyzen. "Tour Giro Vuelta". Tour-giro-Vuelta. Archived from the original on 2009-09-03. Retrieved 31 August 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ Stage 13 was initially won by Régis Ovion, but he failed the doping test. The stage victory was then given to Teirlinck, who initially was second in that stage.
  13. ^ "Laatste uitslagen van de Tour de France '76" (in Dutch). Leeuwarder Courant. 19 July 1976. Archived from the original on 2009-09-03. Retrieved 31 August 2009. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ a b "Tombés au champs d'honneur" (in French). Sport & Vie. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  15. ^ "Manzaneque: positief op dopingonderzoek". Leeuwarder Courant. 3 July 1976. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  16. ^ "Manzaneque, sancionado por "doping"" (in Spanish). El Mundo Deportive. 3 July 1976. Retrieved 1 September 2009.

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