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Combativity award in the Tour de France

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Combativity award
SportRoad cycling
CompetitionTour de France
Awarded forFighting spirit
Local nameLe Prix de la combativité Template:Fr icon
History
First award1952
Editions62 known (as of 2014)
First winner Wout Wagtmans (NED)
Most wins Eddy Merckx (BEL) (4 times)
Most recent Alessandro De Marchi (ITA)

The combativity award in the Tour de France (also known in English as the most aggressive rider prize)[1] is a prize given in the Tour de France. It favours constant attackers and since 1981 the winner of the award has not won the general classification in the same Tour.

History

Since 1952,[2] after every stage the most combative cyclist was given an award, and an overall competition was recorded.[3] At the end of the 1956 Tour de France, André Darrigade was named the most attacking cyclist.[4] At this point, the award was given the same importance as the award for the cyclist with the most bad luck, Picot in 1956.

In 1961, the award was not given to an individual cyclist, but to an entire team, the regional team West-South-West.

The system of the award has changed during the years. Historically, riders accumulated points, and the cyclist with the most points at the end of the Tour was declared winner.[5] The cyclist did not have to finish the race, for example Cyrille Guimard in 1972 did not finish, but still was given the combativity award.

In 1979, the combativity award was initially given to Joop Zoetemelk;[6] he was later disqualified and Hennie Kuiper received the award.

Current system

In the current system that has been active since 2003, a jury of eight specialists in cycling, selects the most combative cyclist of each stage (excluding time trials).[7] There is no jersey for the most combative rider of the previous stage, but he can be recognized by the race number worn on his back: it consists of a white number on a red background instead of the usual black on white.[8] The prize for this rider is € 2000.[1]

At the end of the Tour de France (usually during the last stage), a "super-combativity award" is given to the most combative cyclist of the race.[9] The combativity award is currently sponsored by Brandt, and the prize money is € 20,000.[1][7]

Winners

As far as known, 61 super combativity awards have been given since 1953.[10]

Year Country Rider Team
1953[11]  Netherlands Wout Wagtmans Netherlands
1954[12]  France Lucien Lazarides (victory shared with François Mahé)
1954[12]  France François Mahé (victory shared with Lucien Lazarides)
1955[13]  Luxembourg Charly Gaul Luxembourg
1956  France André Darrigade France
1957  France Nicolas Barone Ile de France
1958  Spain Federico Bahamontes Spain
1959  France Gérard Saint Saint-Raphaël-Géminiani
1960  France Jean Graczyk France
1961  France Team award Ouest - Sud - Ouest
1962  Belgium Eddy Pauwels Wiels - Groene Leeuw
1963  Belgium Rik Van Looy G.B.C. - Libertas
1964  France Henri Anglade Pelforth - Sauvage
1965  Italy Felice Gimondi Salvarani
1966  West Germany Rudi Altig Peugeot - BP - Michelin
1967  France Désiré Letort France
1968  France Roger Pingeon France
1969  Belgium Eddy Merckx Faema
1970  Belgium Eddy Merckx Faema
1971  Spain Luis Ocaña Bic
1972  France Cyrille Guimard Gan - Mercier
1973  Spain Luis Ocaña Bic
1974  Belgium Eddy Merckx Team Molteni
1975  Belgium Eddy Merckx Team Molteni
1976  France Raymond Delisle Peugeot-BP-Michelin
1977  Netherlands Gerrie Knetemann TI Raleigh
1978  Belgium Paul Wellens TI Raleigh
1979  Netherlands Hennie Kuiper Peugeot
1980  France Christian Levavasseur Miko - Mercier - Vivagel
1981  France Bernard Hinault Renault
1982  France Régis Clère Coop-Mercier
1983   Switzerland Serge Demierre CILO
1984  France Bernard Hinault La Vie Claire
1985  Netherlands Maarten Ducrot Kwantum
1986  France Bernard Hinault La Vie Claire
1987  France Régis Clère Teka
1988  France Jérôme Simon Z-Peugeot
1989  France Laurent Fignon Super U-Raleigh
1990  Spain Eduardo Chozas ONCE
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References

  1. ^ a b c "Liste des prix/Prize money - Article 7. Classement de la combativité/Most aggressive rider classification" (PDF). ASO. 17 July 2008. p. 79. Retrieved 24 April 2009.
  2. ^ "Tour de France: An alternative view of the ultimate road race". The Independent. 6 July 2007. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
  3. ^ "Premies voor Van der Pluym en Stolker". Leeuwarder Courant (in Dutch). 14 July 1956. p. 11. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
  4. ^ "Klassementen". Leeuwarder Courant (in Dutch). 30 July 1956. p. 5. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
  5. ^ Eddy van der Mark. "Tour Xtra:Combativity Classification". CvccBike. Retrieved 24 April 2009.
  6. ^ "Zoetemelk strijdlustigste". Leeuwarder Courant (in Dutch). 23 July 1979. p. 13. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
  7. ^ a b "Tour de France 2008 - Rules". ASO. Retrieved 24 April 2009.
  8. ^ "Règlement de l'Épreuve - Article 10: Maillots des leaders" (PDF) (in French). ASO. 17 July 2008. p. 61. Retrieved 24 April 2009. Par ailleurs, le coureur combatif sera identifié par deux dossards spécifiques avec chiffres blancs sur fond rouge. {{cite web}}: line feed character in |quote= at position 49 (help)
  9. ^ "Règlement de l'Épreuve - Article 24f: Prix de la Combativité" (PDF) (in French). ASO. 17 July 2008. p. 69. Retrieved 24 April 2009.
  10. ^ "Le Tour en chiffres" (PDF) (in French). Amaury Sport Organisation. p. 126. Retrieved 3 July 2009.
  11. ^ "Nederlandse ploeg won in totaal f 70.000 aan prijzen en premies". Leeuwarder Courant (in Dutch). 27 July 1953. p. 5. Retrieved 9 May 2009.
  12. ^ "Bobet onbetwist winnaar van Tour de France". Leeuwarder Courant (in Dutch). 2 August 1954. p. 3. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
  13. ^ "Klassementen". Leeuwarder Courant (in Dutch). 1 August 1955. p. 3. Retrieved 8 May 2009.
  14. ^ "Cyclisme - Tour - Sorensen, le Super-Combatif". Lequipe.fr. 2012-07-21. Retrieved 2013-07-23.
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