Cardinal electors in the 2013 papal conclave
![A photograph of Pope Francis](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Pope_Francis_2013.jpg/170px-Pope_Francis_2013.jpg)
The papal conclave of 2013 was convened to elect a new pope following the resignation of Pope Benedict XVI on 28 February 2013. According to the apostolic constitution Universi Dominici gregis, which governed the vacancy of the Holy See, only cardinals who had not passed their 80th birthday on the day on which the Holy See fell vacant (i.e. cardinals who were born on or after 28 February 1933) were eligible to participate in the papal conclave.[1] Of the 207 cardinals of the College of Cardinals at the time of the vacancy of the Holy See, 117 cardinal electors were eligible to participate in the subsequent conclave.[a] Two cardinal electors did not participate, lowering the number in attendance to 115 (98.3% of all cardinal electors, 55.6% of all cardinals).[3][4] The number of votes required to be elected pope with a two-thirds supermajority was 77.[1][5]
Of the 115 attending cardinal electors, four were cardinal bishops, 81 were cardinal priests and 30 were cardinal deacons; 48 were created cardinals by Pope John Paul II and 67 were created cardinals by Pope Benedict XVI; 74 were bishops of local dioceses, while the remaining 41 worked in the service of the Holy See, such as in the Roman Curia. The oldest cardinal elector in the conclave was Walter Kasper,[b][6] while the youngest cardinal elector was Baselios Cleemis Thottunkal, at the age of 53.[7] Another 90 cardinals were ineligible to participate in the conclave, for reasons of age.
The cardinal electors entered the Sistine Chapel to begin the conclave on 12 March 2013.[8] On 13 March 2013, after five ballots, they elected Cardinal Jorge Mario Bergoglio, Archbishop of Buenos Aires, who took the papal name Francis.[9]
Cardinal electors
The College of Cardinals is divided into three orders: cardinal bishops (CB), cardinal priests (CP) and cardinal deacons (CD), with precedence in that sequence. This is the order in which the cardinal electors process into the conclave, take the oath and cast their ballots, reflecting seniority and a nominal prerogative of honour.[1] For cardinal bishops, except for those who are Eastern Catholic patriarchs, the Dean is first in precedence, followed by the Vice-Dean and then by the rest in order of appointment as cardinal bishops. For cardinal bishops who are Eastern Catholic patriarchs, for cardinal priests and for cardinal deacons, precedence is determined by the date of the consistory in which they were created cardinals and then by the order in which they appeared in the official announcement or bulletin.[4] By default, the cardinals are sorted by precedence within each table, as denoted by the No. column.
Four of the cardinal electors were from Eastern Catholic Churches: Antonios Naguib (Coptic), Béchara Boutros Raï (Maronite), George Alencherry (Syro-Malabar) and Baselios Cleemis Thottunkal (Syro-Malankara). In addition, the senior cardinal bishop, the senior cardinal priest, the senior cardinal deacon and the junior cardinal deacon are assigned specific roles in a conclave, such as presiding over the conclave itself (the senior cardinal bishop) or announcing the election of the pope (the senior cardinal deacon).[1] These were, respectively, Giovanni Battista Re, Godfried Danneels, Jean-Louis Tauran and James Michael Harvey.[4]
The data in the table are as of 28 February 2013, the date on which the Holy See fell vacant. All cardinals are of the Latin Church unless otherwise stated. Cardinals belonging to institutes of consecrated life or to societies of apostolic life are indicated by the respective post-nominal letters.
- Elected pope
Not in attendance
No. | Order | Consistory Pope |
Name | Country | Born (Age) |
Office | Reason for absence | Refs. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | CP | 26 November 1994 John Paul II |
Julius Riyadi Darmaatmadja SJ | ![]() |
20 December 1934 (age 78) |
Archbishop emeritus of Jakarta | Health reasons; deteriorating eyesight | [123][124] |
2 | CP | 21 October 2003 John Paul II |
Keith Michael Patrick O'Brien | ![]() |
17 March 1938 (age 74) |
Archbishop emeritus of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh | Personal reasons; following allegations of sexual misconduct | [125][126] |
Cardinal electors by continent and by country
The 115 attending cardinal electors in the conclave were from 48 countries on all six inhabited continents;[d] the countries with the greatest number of cardinal electors were Italy (twenty-eight), the United States (eleven) and Germany (six).
![A numbered choropleth world map showing the number of cardinal electors for the papal conclave of 2013 from each country](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Conclave_2013_by_country.svg/440px-Conclave_2013_by_country.svg.png)
Continent | Number | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Africa | 11 | 9.6% |
North America | 20 | 17.4% |
South America | 13 | 11.3% |
Asia | 10 | 8.7% |
Europe | 60 | 52.2% |
Oceania | 1 | 0.9% |
Total | 115 | 100.0% |
See also
- Cardinals created by John Paul II
- Cardinals created by Benedict XVI
- Cardinal electors for the papal conclave, 2005
- List of living cardinals
Notes
- ^ Jean Honoré, who died on 28 February 2013, the same day as Benedict XVI's resignation, is not included; he was not a cardinal elector at the time of his death.[2]
- ^ a b Kasper turned 80 on 5 March 2013, before the conclave began; he was still 79 at the time of Benedict XVI's resignation and therefore eligible to participate.
- ^ Exact date of birth unknown
- ^ 50 countries, if including the two non-attending cardinal electors
References
- ^ a b c d Pope John Paul II (22 February 1996). "Universi Dominici Gregis". The Holy See (Apostolic constitution). Libreria Editrice Vaticana. Archived from the original on 13 March 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Honoré Card. Jean". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 2 August 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Briefing sulla Sesta e sulla Settima Congregazione Generale del Collegio Cardinalizio" [Press Conference on the Sixth and Seventh General Congregations of the College of Cardinals]. Sala Stampa della Santa Sede. 8 March 2013. Archived from the original on 11 September 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
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suggested) (help) - ^ a b c "Elenco dei Cardinali che entrano in Conclave secondo il loro rispettivo ordine e precedenza (Vescovi, Presbiteri, Diaconi)" [List of Cardinals entering into Conclave according to their respective order of precedence (Bishops, Priests, Deacons)] (in Italian). Sala Stampa della Santa Sede. 12 March 2013. Archived from the original on 3 May 2014. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
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suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Kasper Card. Walter". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Thottunkal Card. Baselios Cleemis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "L'ingresso in Conclave e il giuramento dei Cardinali elettori" [Entrance into the Conclave and the oath of the Cardinal electors] (in Italian). Sala Stampa della Santa Sede. 12 March 2013. Archived from the original on 4 May 2014. Retrieved 12 March 2013.
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: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "L'annuncio dell'elezione del Papa" [Announcement of the election of the Pope]. Sala Stampa della Santa Sede. 13 March 2013. Archived from the original on 4 October 2014. Retrieved 13 March 2013.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Re Card. Giovanni Battista". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Bertone Card. Tarcisio, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Naguib H.B. Card. Antonios". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 25 May 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Raï Card. Béchara Boutros, O.M.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 30 June 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Danneels Card. Godfried". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "López Rodríguez Card. Nicolás de Jesús". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Mahony Card. Roger Michael". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Ortega y Alamino Card. Jaime Lucas". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Turcotte Card. Jean-Claude". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 15 February 2015. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Puljić Card. Vinko". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Sandoval Íñiguez Card. Juan". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Rouco Varela Card. Antonio María". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Tettamanzi Card. Dionigi". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Pengo Card. Polycarp". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Schönborn Card. Christoph, O.P." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Rivera Carrera Card. Norberto". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "George Card. Francis Eugene, O.M.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 5 March 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Grocholewski Card. Zenon". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Sepe Card. Crescenzio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Dias Card. Ivan". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Agnelo Card. Geraldo Majella". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Bačkis Card. Audrys Juozas". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Errázuriz Ossa Card. Francisco Javier". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Terrazas Sandoval Card. Julio, C.SS.R." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Napier Card. Wilfrid Fox, O.F.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Rodríguez Maradiaga Card. Óscar Andrés, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Cipriani Thorne Card. Juan Luis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Hummes Card. Cláudio, O.F.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Bergoglio Card. Jorge Mario, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 14 March 2013. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Policarpo Card. José da Cruz". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 5 August 2018. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Poletto Card. Severino". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Lehmann Card. Karl". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 9 March 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Scola Card. Angelo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Okogie Card. Anthony Olubunmi". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Zubeir Wako Card. Gabriel". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 22 October 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Amigo Vallejo Card. Carlos, O.F.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Rigali Card. Justin Francis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Antonelli Card. Ennio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Turkson Card. Peter Kodwo Appiah". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Toppo Card. Telesphore Placidus". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Pell Card. George". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Bozanić Card. Josip". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Pham Minh Mân Card. Jean-Baptiste". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Barbarin Card. Philippe". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Erdő Card. Péter". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Ouellet Card. Marc, P.S.S." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Vallini Card. Agostino". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Urosa Savino Card. Jorge Liberato". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Ricard Card. Jean-Pierre". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Cañizares Llovera Card. Antonio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "O'Malley Card. Seán Patrick, O.F.M. Cap". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Dziwisz Card. Stanisław". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Caffarra Card. Carlo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 11 December 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Brady Card. Seán Baptist". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Martínez Sistach Card. Lluís". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Vingt-Trois Card. André". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Bagnasco Card. Angelo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Sarr Card. Théodore-Adrien". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Gracias Card. Oswald". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Robles Ortega Card. Francisco". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "DiNardo Card. Daniel Nicholas". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Scherer Card. Odilo Pedro". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Njue Card. John". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Vela Chiriboga Card. Raúl Eduardo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Monsengwo Pasinya Card. Laurent". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 23 October 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Romeo Card. Paolo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Wuerl Card. Donald William". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Assis Card. Raymundo Damasceno". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Nycz Card. Kazimierz". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Patabendige Don Card. Albert Malcolm Ranjith". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Marx Card. Reinhard". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Alencherry Card. George". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Collins Card. Thomas Christopher". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Duka Card. Dominik, O.P." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Eijk Card. Willem Jacobus". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Betori Card. Giuseppe". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 15 October 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Dolan Card. Timothy Michael". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 5 April 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Woelki Card. Rainer Maria". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Tong Hon Card. John". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Onaiyekan Card. John Olorunfemi". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Salazar Gómez Card. Rubén". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Tagle Card. Luis Antonio Gokim". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Tauran Card. Jean-Louis". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Nicora Card. Attilio". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
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suggested) (help) - ^ "Levada Card. William Joseph". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Rodé Card. Franc, C.M." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Sandri Card. Leonardo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Lajolo Card. Giovanni". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Cordes Card. Paul Josef". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Comastri Card. Angelo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Ryłko Card. Stanisław". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Farina Card. Raffaele, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Amato Card. Angelo, S.D.B." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 October 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Sarah Card. Robert". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Monterisi Card. Francesco". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Burke Card. Raymond Leo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 5 April 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Koch Card. Kurt". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 13 November 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Sardi Card. Paolo". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Piacenza Card. Mauro". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "De Paolis Card. Velasio, C.S." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 11 December 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Ravasi Card. Gianfranco". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Filoni Card. Fernando". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Monteiro de Castro Manuel". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Abril y Castelló Card. Santos". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Vegliò Card. Antonio Maria". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Bertello Card. Giuseppe". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Coccopalmerio Card. Francesco". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 6 March 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Aviz Card. João Braz de". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "O'Brien Card. Edwin Frederick". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Calcagno Card. Domenico". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 15 August 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Versaldi Card. Giuseppe". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Harvey Card. James Michael". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Hariyadi, Mathias (21 February 2013). "Conclave, Cardinal Darmaatmadja renounces for "health reasons"". AsiaNews. Archived from the original on 24 February 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Darmaatmadja Card. Julius Riyadi, S.I." Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ Pigott, Robert (25 February 2013). "Cardinal Keith O'Brien resigns as Archbishop". BBC News. BBC. Archived from the original on 20 May 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2013.
{{cite news}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "O'Brien Card. Keith Michael Patrick". Holy See Press Office. Archived from the original on 4 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2018.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|dead-url=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help)