List of political parties in Colombia
This article needs to be updated.(November 2010) |
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Politics of Colombia |
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This article lists political parties in Colombia.
Colombia had historically maintained a two-party system, which means that there were two dominant political parties, resulting in considerable difficulty for anybody to achieve major electoral success under the banner of any other party. Dissidents from the two main parties also had chances to win elections. Nowadays it is a multi-party system with four main parties.
The parties
Major parties
Name | Ideology | House 2010 | Senate 2010 | House 2014 | Senate 2014 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background-color: Template:Social National Unity Party/meta/color" | | Social Party of National Unity Partido Social de Unidad Nacional |
U | Neoliberalism, Liberalism, Social Liberalism | 48 | 28 | 37 | 21 |
style="background-color: Template:Colombian Conservative Party/meta/color" | | Colombian Conservative Party Partido Conservador Colombiano |
C | Conservatism | 37 | 22 | 27 | 18 |
width=5px style="background-color: Template:Colombian Liberal Party/meta/color" | | Colombian Liberal Party Partido Liberal Colombiano |
L | Social democracy, Social Liberalism | 35 | 17 | 39 | 17 |
style="background-color: Template:Democratic Center (Colombia)/meta/color" | | Democratic Center (Colombia) Centro Democrático |
CD | Uribism, Conservatism | 0 | 0 | 19 | 20 |
Other Parties
Name | Ideology | House 2010 | Senate 2010 | House 2014 | Senate 2014 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
style="background-color: Template:Radical Change/meta/color" | | Radical Change Party Cambio Radical |
CR | Conservatism | 15 | 8 | 16 | 9 |
Citizen Option Party Partido Opción Ciudadana |
OC | Neoliberalism | 12 (*) | 9 (*) | 6 | 5 | |
Colombian Green Party Partido Verde Colombiano |
V | Centrism, Green Politics | 3 | 5 | 6 | 5 | |
style="background-color: Template:Alternative Democratic Pole/meta/color" | | Alternative Democratic Pole Polo Democrático Alternativo |
PDA | Democratic socialism | 4 | 8 | 3 | 5 |
Mira Movement Independent Movement of Absolute Renovation |
MIRA | Christian democracy | 1 | 3 | 3 | 0 |
(*) Citizen Option Party is the union of four previous small right-wing parties:
- Democratic Colombia Party (Partido Colombia Democrática)
- Living Colombia Movement (Movimiento Colombia Viva)
- Citizen's Convergence Party (Partido Convergencia Ciudadana)
- Liberal Opening Movement (Movimiento Apertura Liberal)
Minor parties
- Common Alternative Revolutionary Force (Fuerza Alternativa Revolucionaria del Común), formerly the FARC guerrilla.
- Colombian Communist Party
- Patriotic Union (Unión Patriótica)
Indigenous Parties
- Indigenous Social Alliance (Alianza Social Indígena) (Center)
- Indigenous Authorities of Colombia (Autoridades Indígenas de Colombia) (Center-left)
Afro-Colombian communities Parties
- United Popular Movement (Movimiento Popular Unido) (Center-right)
- PROVIDES Association (Asociación PROVIDES) (Center-left)
The constitution of 1991, in order to increase the participation of more people in politics, promoted the end of bipartisan making easy to create new political parties. However, this became counter-productive as many traditional politicians left traditional parties to form their own movements who had very few representation and not clear ideologies. Also, paramilitary groups developed many regional political parties in order to penetrate the State. In 1999, nearly 200 parties had representation in congress, most of them with only one or two congressmen.
Under the Political Reform of 1994, any party that does not get at least 2% of the vote to the Senate or of the electoral quotient to its circumscription to the House of Representatives, is legally dead. This is to promote neater debates and ideologically clear positions in the Congress. In 1994, the number of parties went down from nearly 200 to 106, and in 2004 only 18 parties are legally recognized.
Defunct parties
- Hope, Peace, and Liberty (1991-??) Popular Liberation Army veterans party.
- Christian National Party (Colombia) (2002)
- Christians for Community (2002)
- Alternative Way (2002)
- Alternative for Social Advance (2002)
- Citizens' Movement (Colombia) (2002)
- Citizens' Political Movement for Bocaya (2002)
- Civic People's Convergence (2002)
- Civic Purpose Colombia (2002)
- Coalition (Colombia) (2002)
- Colombia Always (2002)
- Colombian People's Party (2002)
- Colombian Social Democratic Party (2002)
- Democratic Progressivity (2002)
- Democratic Unity Party (Colombia) (2002)
- Front of Hope (2002)
- Community Participation (2002-2000s)
- Citizens' Convergence (2002-2000s)
- Colombia Unite (2002-2000s)
- Colombian Community and Communal Political Movement (2002-2000s)
- Democratic Colombia Party (2003-2000s)
- For the Country of Our Dreams (2006)
- New Huila and Liberalism (2006)