Central Tibetan
| Central Tibetan | |
|---|---|
| Ü-Tsang | |
| དབུས་སྐད་ Dbus skad / Ükä དབུས་གཙང་སྐད་ Dbus-gtsang skad / Ü-tsang kä | |
| Pronunciation | [wýkɛʔ, wýʔtsáŋ kɛʔ] |
| Native to | China (Tibet Autonomous Region), Nepal, India |
Native speakers | (1.2 million cited 1990 census)[1] |
Standard forms | |
| Tibetan script | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Variously:bod – Lhasa Tibetandre – Dolpohut – Humla, Limilhm – Lhomi (Shing Saapa)muk – Mugom (Mugu)kte – Nubriola – Walungge (Gola)loy – Lowa/Loke (Mustang)tcn – Tichurongthw – Thudam (duplicate code) |
| Glottolog | tibe1272 Tibetansout3216 South-Western Tibetic (partial match)basu1243 Basum |
Central Tibetan, also known as Dbus AKA Ü or Ü-Tsang, is the most widely spoken Tibetic language and the basis of Standard Tibetan.
Dbus and Ü are forms of the same name. Dbus is a transliteration of the name in Tibetan script, དབུས་, whereas Ü is the pronunciation of the same in Lhasa dialect, [wy˧˥˧ʔ] (or [y˧˥˧ʔ]). That is, in Tibetan, the name is spelled Dbus and pronounced Ü. All of these names are frequently applied specifically to the prestige dialect of Lhasa.
There are many mutually intelligible Central Tibetan dialects besides that of Lhasa, with particular diversity along the border and in Nepal:[2]
- Limi (Limirong), Mugum, Dolpo (Dolkha), Mustang (Lowa, Lokä), Humla, Nubri, Lhomi, Dhrogpai Gola, Walungchung Gola (Walungge/Halungge), Tseku, Basum
Ethnologue reports that Walungge is highly intelligible with Thudam, Glottolog that Thudam is not a distinct variety. Tournadre (2013) classifies Tseku with Khams.
See also
References
- ^ Lhasa Tibetan at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Dolpo at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Humla, Limi at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Lhomi (Shing Saapa) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Mugom (Mugu) at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
Nubri at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required) - ^ N. Tournadre (2005) "L'aire linguistique tibétaine et ses divers dialectes." Lalies, 2005, n°25, p. 7–56 [1]
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