List of Super Bowl halftime shows

The following is a list of Super Bowl halftime shows, held in the United States in the middle of the Super Bowl. Halftime shows are a tradition during football games at all levels of competition. In most years since the mid-1980s, the halftime show of the Super Bowl has featured popular recording artists and other well-known celebrities. The memorable Michael Jackson 1993 performance, encouraged the organisers to make a deliberate effort to attract top performers for the halftime shows. It increased viewers during and after the halftime show, something never encountered before in the history of the Superbowl. That performance is regarded one of the most watched events in American television history with a reported 135 million viewers from the United States alone. Musical genres over the years have represented a broad range of music types, including pop, rock, classic rock, country, hip hop, rap, blues, and soul. In some years, short skits or drama scenes are acted out on a stage.

The Super Bowl halftime show represents a fundamental link to pop culture, which helps broaden the television audience and nationwide interest.

Background

During most of the Super Bowl's first decade, the halftime show featured a college marching band. The show's second decade featured a more varied show, with Up with People producing and starring in four of the performances. The middle of the third decade saw the introduction of popular music acts such as New Kids on the Block, Gloria Estefan, Michael Jackson, Prince, Clint Black, Patti LaBelle, and Tony Bennett. Starting with Super Bowl XXXII, commercial sponsors presented the half-time show; within five years, the tradition of having a theme—begun with Super Bowl III—ended, replaced by major music productions by arena rock bands and other high-profile acts. In the six years immediately following the 2004 halftime show controversy, all of the halftime shows consisted of a performance by one artist or group, with the musicians in that era primarily being rock artists from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. The show changed directions beginning with Super Bowl XLV by shifting to contemporary R&B, pop and hip hop artists, also allowing for the return of collaborations.

The NFL does not pay the halftime show performers an appearance fee, though it covers all expenses for the performers and their entourage of stagehands, family, and friends. According to Nielsen SoundScan data, the halftime performers regularly experience significant spikes in weekly album sales and paid digital downloads due to the exposure.

History

The following is a list of the performers, producers, themes, and sponsors for each Super Bowl game's show.

1960s

Super Bowl	Show details
I	Date: 1967 Location: Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (University Park, Los Angeles, California) Performer(s): University of Arizona Symphonic Marching Band & Grambling State University Marching Band, Al Hirt, Arcadia High School Drill Team Producer: Tommy Walker Setlist: "The Liberty Bell" (The University of Arizona Symphonic Marching Band) References:
II	Date: 1968 Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida) Performer(s): Grambling State University Marching Band References:
III	Date: 1969 Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida) Theme: America Thanks Performer(s): Florida A&M University References:

1970s

Super Bowl	Show details
IV	Date: 1970 Location: Tulane Stadium (New Orleans, Louisiana) Theme: Tribute to Mardi Gras Performer(s): Carol Channing, Southern University Marching Band References:
V	Date: 1971 Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida) Performer(s): Southeast Missouri State Marching Band, Up With People References:
VI	Date: 1972 Location: Tulane Stadium (New Orleans, Louisiana) Theme: Salute to Louis Armstrong Performer(s): Ella Fitzgerald, Carol Channing, Al Hirt & USMC Drill Team Producer:Jim Skinner References:
VII	Date: 1973 Location: Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (University Park, Los Angeles, California) Theme: Happiness Is Performer(s): University of Michigan Marching Band & Woody Herman & Andy Williams Producer: Tommy Walker References:
VIII	Date: 1974 Location: Rice Stadium (Houston, Texas) Theme: A Musical America Performer(s): University of Texas Marching Band and Judy Mallett (Miss Texas 1973) on fiddle Producer: Jim Skinner References:
IX	Date: 1975 Location: Tulane Stadium (New Orleans, Louisiana) Theme: Tribute to Duke Ellington Performer(s): Mercer Ellington & Grambling State University Marching Bands Producer: Jim Skinner References:
X	Date: 1976 Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida) Theme: 200 Years and Just a Baby: A Tribute to America's Bicentennial Performer(s): Up with People References:
XI	Date: 1977 Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California) Theme: It's a Small World Performer(s): Los Angeles Unified All-City Band & Audience card stunt Producer: The Walt Disney Company References:
XII	Date: 1978 Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Theme: From Paris to Paris of America Performer(s): Tyler Apache Belles Drill Team, and Apache Band Pete Fountain & Al Hirt References:
XIII	Date: 1979 Location: Miami Orange Bowl (Miami, Florida) Theme: Salute to Caribbean Performer(s): Ken Hamilton, various Caribbean bands Producer: Bob Jani Sponsor: Carnival References:

1980s

Super Bowl	Show details
XIV	Date: 1980 Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California) Theme: A Salute to the Big Band Era Performer(s): Up with People, Grambling State University Marching Bands References:
XV	Date: 1981 Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Theme: Mardi Gras Festival Performer(s): Southern University Marching Band, Helen O'Connell Producer: Jim Skinner References:
XVI	Date: 1982 Location: Pontiac Silverdome (Pontiac, Michigan) Theme: Salute to the 1960s and Motown Performer(s): Up with People References:
XVII	Date: 1983 Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California) Theme: KaleidoSUPERscope Performer(s): Los Angeles Super Drill Team Producer: Bob Jani References:
XVIII	Date: 1984 Location: Tampa Stadium (Tampa, Florida) Theme: Salute to Superstars of Silver Screen Performer(s): University of Florida and Florida State University Marching Bands Producer: The Walt Disney Company Setlist: Introduction by Phyllis George "Hooray for Hollywood" "You Oughta Be in Pictures" "Steppin' Out with My Baby" "Puttin' on the Ritz" "42nd Street" "When You Wish Upon a Star"
XIX	Date: 1985 Location: Stanford Stadium (Stanford, California) Theme: World of Children's Dreams Performer(s): Tops In Blue Producer: Air Force Entertainment References:
XX	Date: 1986 Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Theme: Beat of the Future Performer(s): Up with People References:
XXI	Date: 1987 Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California) Theme: Salute to Hollywood's 100th Anniversary - The World of Make Believe Performer(s): George Burns, Mickey Rooney, Grambling State University Marching Bands, Disney characters, Southern California-area High School drill teams and dancers Producer: The Walt Disney Company References: Setlist: "Ghost Riders in the Sky" Theme songs from Bonanza, Indiana Jones, and Footloose Hoedown song "Cheek to Cheek" "What a Feeling" (Theme from Flashdance) "That's Entertainment" "Somewhere Over the Rainbow" "When You Wish Upon a Star"
XXII	Date: 1988 Location: Jack Murphy Stadium (San Diego, California) Theme: Something Grand Performer(s): Chubby Checker, The Rockettes, 88 grand pianos, and the combined San Diego State University Marching Aztecs and USC marching band. Producer: Radio City Music Hall References:
XXIII	Date: 1989 Location: Joe Robbie Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida) Theme: Be Bop Bamboozled in 3-D Performer(s): Elvis Presto, South Florida-area dancers and performers, with 3-D effects Producer: MagicCom Entertainment, Dan Witkowski Sponsor: Diet Coke Setlist: Introduction by Bob Costas and 3-D commercial for Diet Coke audience participation card trick by Elvis Presto References:

1990s

Super Bowl	Show details
XXIV	Date: 1990 Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Theme: Salute to New Orleans & 40th Anniversary of Peanuts Performer(s): Pete Fountain, Doug Kershaw, Irma Thomas, Nicholls State University Marching Band, Southern University Marching Band, USL Marching Band Producer: Select Productions References: Setlist: "(Up A) Lazy River" "Waiting For The Robert E. Lee" "Here Comes the Showboat" "When the Saints Go Marching In" (Fountain on clarinet) "Happy Birthday to You"
XXV	Date: 1991 Location: Tampa Stadium (Tampa, Florida) Theme: Small World Tribute to 25 Years of the Super Bowl Performer(s): New Kids on the Block, Disney characters, Warren Moon, 2,000 local children, audience card stunt Producer: The Walt Disney Company Sponsor: Walt Disney World and Coca-Cola References: Setlist: "Step by Step" (NKOTB) "This One's For The Children (NKOTB) "It's a Small World After All (children)" Notes: The airing of this halftime show was delayed until after the conclusion of the game due to ABC News coverage of Operation Desert Storm
XXVI	Date: 1992 Location: Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome (Minneapolis, Minnestoa) Theme: Winter Magic and salute to 1992 Winter Olympics Performer(s): Gloria Estefan with Olympic Figure skaters Brian Boitano & Dorothy Hamill Producer: Timberline Productions References: Setlist: "Walking in a Winter Wonderland" "Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy" "One Moment in Time" "Live for Loving You" (Gloria Estefan) "Get on Your Feet" (Gloria Estefan)
XXVII	Date: 1993 Location: Rose Bowl (Pasadena, California) Theme: Heal the World Performer(s): Michael Jackson Producer: Radio City and Don Mischer Productions References: Setlist: "Jam" (M. Jackson) "Billie Jean" (M. Jackson) "Black or White" (M. Jackson) "We Are the World" (children's choir) "Heal the World" (M. Jackson) Notes: This halftime performance increased the TV ratings by a significant amount. It has been claimed to be one of the most watched events in American television history. After 1993, there was deliberate effort to attract top performers for the halftime shows.
XXVIII	Date: 1994 Location: Georgia Dome (Atlanta, Georgia) Theme: Rockin' Country Sunday Performer(s): Clint Black, Tanya Tucker, Travis Tritt, The Judds Producer: Select Productions References:
XXIX	Date: 1995 Location: Joe Robbie Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida) Theme: Indiana Jones and the Temple of the Forbidden Eye Performer(s): Patti Labelle, Indiana Jones & Marion Ravenwood, Teddy Pendergrass, Tony Bennett, Arturo Sandoval, Miami Sound Machine Producer: The Walt Disney Company References: Setlist: "Release Yourself" "New Attitude" "Can You Feel The Love Tonight"
XXX	Date: 1996 Location: Sun Devil Stadium (Tempe, Arizona) Theme: Take Me Higher: A Celebration of 30 Years of the Super Bowl Performer(s): Diana Ross Producer: Radio City Music Hall Sponsor: Oscar Mayer References: Setlist: A medley of the following songs: "Stop In The Name Of Love" "You Keep Me Hangin' On" "Baby Love" "You Can't Hurry Love" "Why Do Fools Fall in Love" "Chain Reaction" "Reach Out and Touch (Somebody's Hand)" "Ain't No Mountain High Enough" "I Will Survive" "Take Me Higher"
XXXI	Date: 1997 Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Theme: Blues Brothers Bash Performer(s): The Blues Brothers (Dan Aykroyd, John Goodman and James Belushi), ZZ Top, James Brown, Catherine Crier ("news" intro) Producer: Select Productions, Radio City, House of Blues Sponsor: Oscar Mayer References: Setlist: "Everybody Needs Somebody to Love," (The Blues Brothers) "Soul Man" (The Blues Brothers) "I Got You (I Feel Good)" (James Brown) ZZ Top "Gimme Some Lovin'" (all performers joined together)
XXXII	Date: 1998 Location: Qualcomm Stadium (San Diego, California) Theme: Salute to Motown's 40th Anniversary Performer(s): Boyz II Men, Smokey Robinson, Martha Reeves, The Temptations, Queen Latifah, Grambling State University Band Producer: Radio City Music Hall Sponsor: Royal Caribbean International & Celebrity Cruises References:
XXXIII	Date: 1999 Location: Pro Player Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida) Theme: Celebration of Soul, Salsa and Swing Performer(s): Chaka Khan, Gloria Estefan, Stevie Wonder, Big Bad Voodoo Daddy, Savion Glover, Kiss Producer: Radio City Music Hall Sponsor: Progressive Auto Insurance References: Setlist:

2000s

Super Bowl	Show details
XXXIV	Date: 2000 Location: Georgia Dome (Atlanta, Georgia) Theme: Tapestry of Nations Performer(s): Phil Collins, Christina Aguilera, Enrique Iglesias, Toni Braxton, 80-person choir, Edward James Olmos (narrator) Producer: Disney Sponsor: E*TRADE References: Setlist: "Reflections of Earth" Instrumental (Walt Disney World Millenium Celebration soundtrack) "Celebrate the Future Hand in Hand" (Christina Aguilera & Enrique Iglesias) "Tapestry of Nations" Instrumental (Walt Disney World Millenium Celebration soundtrack) "Two Worlds" (Phil Collins) "We Go On" (Toni Braxton)
XXXV	Date: 2001 Location: Raymond James Stadium (Tampa, Florida) Theme: The Kings of Rock and Pop Performer(s): Ben Stiller, Adam Sandler, Chris Rock, Aerosmith, 'N Sync, Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige, Nelly Producer: MTV Sponsor: E*TRADE References: Setlist: Pre-recorded intro skit with Stiller, Sandler, Rock, Aerosmith, and 'N Sync "Bye Bye Bye" ('N Sync) "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing" (Aerosmith) "It's Gonna Be Me ('N Sync) "Jaded" (Aerosmith) "Walk This Way" (Aerosmith, 'N Sync, Britney Spears, Mary J. Blige, Nelly)
XXXVI	Date: 2002 Location: Louisiana Superdome (New Orleans, Louisiana) Theme: Tribute to 9/11 victims Performer(s): U2 Producer: Clear Channel Entertainment Sponsor: E*TRADE References: Setlist: "Beautiful Day" "MLK" "Where The Streets Have No Name"
XXXVII	Date: 2003 Location: Qualcomm Stadium (San Diego, California) Theme: Performer(s): Shania Twain, No Doubt, Sting Producer: Jimmy Iovine and Joel Gallen Sponsor: AT&T Wireless References: Setlist: "Man! I Feel like a Woman!" (Shania Twain) "Up!" (Shania Twain) "Just a Girl" (No Doubt) "Message in a Bottle" (Sting with Gwen Stefani)
XXXVIII	Date: 2004 Location: Reliant Stadium (Houston, Texas) Theme: Rock the Vote Performer(s): Janet Jackson, P. Diddy, Nelly, Kid Rock, and Justin Timberlake Producer: MTV Sponsor: AOL TopSpeed References: Setlist: "All for You" (Janet Jackson) "Diddy" to the tune of "Mickey" (P. Diddy) "Hot in Herre" (Nelly), "Mo Money Mo Problems" (P.Diddy) "Bawitdaba" (Kid Rock), "Cowboy" (Kid Rock) "Rhythm Nation" (Janet Jackson) "Rock Your Body" (Justin Timberlake with Janet Jackson, featured the controversial "wardrobe malfunction")
XXXIX	Date: 2005 Location: ALLTEL Stadium (Jacksonville, Florida) Performer(s): Paul McCartney Producer: Don Mischer Productions Sponsor: Ameriquest Mortgage References: Setlist: "Drive My Car" "Get Back" "Live and Let Die" "Hey Jude"
XL	Date: 2006 Location: Ford Field (Detroit, Michigan) Performer(s): The Rolling Stones Producer: Don Mischer Production Sponsor: Sprint Nextel References: Setlist: "Start Me Up" "Rough Justice" "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction"
XLI	Date: 2007 Location: Dolphin Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida) Performer(s): Prince, Florida A&M University Marching 100 Band Producer: Don Mischer Productions and White Cherry Entertainment Sponsor: Pepsi References: Setlist: "We Will Rock You" "Let's Go Crazy" "Baby I'm a Star" "Proud Mary" "All Along the Watchtower" "Best of You" "Purple Rain"
XLII	Date: 2008 Location: University of Phoenix Stadium (Glendale, Arizona) Performer(s): Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers Producer: Don Mischer Productions and White Cherry Entertainment Sponsor: Bridgestone References: Setlist: "American Girl" "I Won't Back Down" "Free Fallin'" "Runnin' Down a Dream"
XLIII	Date: 2009 Location: Raymond James Stadium (Tampa, Florida) Performer(s): Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band Producer: Don Mischer Productions and White Cherry Entertainment Sponsor: Bridgestone References: Setlist: "Tenth Avenue Freeze-Out" "Born to Run" "Working on a Dream" "Glory Days"

2010s

Super Bowl	Show details
XLIV	Date: 2010 Location: Sun Life Stadium (Miami Gardens, Florida) Performer(s): The Who Producer: White Cherry Entertainment Sponsor: Bridgestone References: Setlist: "Pinball Wizard" "Baba O'Riley" "Who Are You" "See Me, Feel Me" "Won't Get Fooled Again"
XLV	Date: 2011 Location: Cowboys Stadium (Arlington, Texas) Theme: Tron: Legacy Performer(s): The Black Eyed Peas, Usher, Slash Producer: Ricky Kirshner Sponsor: Bridgestone References: Setlist: "I Gotta Feeling" (The Black Eyed Peas) "Boom Boom Pow" (The Black Eyed Peas) "Sweet Child O' Mine" (Slash & Fergie) "Pump It" (The Black Eyed Peas) "Let's Get It Started" (The Black Eyed Peas) "OMG" (Usher & will.i.am) "Where Is The Love?" (The Black Eyed Peas) "The Time (Dirty Bit)" with I Gotta Feeling reprise (The Black Eyed Peas)
XLVI	Date: 2012 Location: Lucas Oil Stadium (Indianapolis, Indiana) Theme: Polytheism (Greek, Egyptian and Nordic) Performer(s): Madonna, LMFAO, Cirque du Soleil, Nicki Minaj, M.I.A., Cee Lo Green Avon High School Drumline, Center Grove High School Drumline, Fishers High School Drumline, Franklin Central High School Drumline, Southern University Dancing Dolls, 200 Person Choir consisting of Indianapolis locals Producer: Jamie King Sponsor: Bridgestone Setlist: "Vogue" (Madonna) "Music" / "Party Rock Anthem" / "Sexy and I Know It" (Madonna with LMFAO) "Give Me All Your Luvin'" (Madonna with Nicki Minaj and M.I.A.) "Open Your Heart" / "Express Yourself" (Madonna with Cee Lo Green) "Like a Prayer" (Madonna with Cee Lo Green) Notes: M.I.A. came under controversy for giving the middle finger during the performance of "Give Me All You Luvin'", which was caught by the broadcast feed. The gesture was given when she appeared to sing "I don't give a shit," although it was hard to hear clearly if the expletive was said or stopped short. An attempt to censor the gesture on the broadcast feed by blurring the entire screen was late. The performance has been claimed to be the most watched event in American television history with 114 million viewers, more than the game itself, which averaged 111.3 million.

Details on specific shows

Super Bowl XL

For The Rolling Stones, the stage was in the form of the group's iconic tongue logo (first used in 1971 on their Sticky Fingers album). It was the largest stage ever assembled for a Super Bowl Halftime Show, with 28 separate pieces assembled in five minutes by a 600-member volunteer stage crew. The group performed three songs: "Start Me Up", "Rough Justice", and "(I Can't Get No) Satisfaction". The show was viewed by 89.9 million people, more than the audiences for the Oscars, Grammys and Emmy Awards combined. In the wake of the Super Bowl XXXVIII halftime show controversy with Janet Jackson and Justin Timberlake, ABC and the NFL imposed a five-second delay and censored lyrics considered too sexually explicit in the first two songs by briefly turning off Mick Jagger's microphone—censoring to which the group had previously agreed. However, the choice of The Rolling Stones sparked controversy in the Detroit community because the band did not represent the traditional Detroit "Motown Sound", and no artists from the area were included.

Other championship performances

Shania Twain is the first artist to have performed at both the Super Bowl and the CFL championship, the Grey Cup, having done so in 2002. The Black Eyed Peas joined Twain in 2011, having performed at the Grey Cup in 2005.

External links

• NFL doesn't have to beg, or pay, for acts from USA Today
• Prince--The Pinnacle of halftime entertainment? from Fox Sports
• Oh, lordy, look what's 40 from Sporting News
• 2004 Super Bowl Weekend from MTV
• Anti-Rock: The 10 All-Time Worst Choices for Super Bowl Halftime Performer from cracked.com
• Top 10 Super Bowl Halftime Shows from Sports Illustrated
• How Michael Jackson redefined the Super Bowl, a June 2009 article from The New York Times
• Goal of spectacle colors NFL's thinking about Super Bowl halftime show
• Top Super Bowl halftime performances - Fox Sports List
• Super Bowl Halftime: Best and Worst - Photo Gallery - LIFE
• 10 Greatest Super Bowl Halftime Shows from USASuperBowl.com
• The Top 5 Best and Worst Super Bowl Halftime Shows of the Last Decade - Midwest Sports Fans
• 5 Worst Super Bowl Halftime Performances Ever | Bleacher Report
• The Best And The Worst Of Super Bowl Halftime | NBC New York
• 5 of the Worst Super Bowl Halftime Shows Ever - NFL - Yahoo! Sports
• Best & Worst Super Bowl halftime performances - Zap2it