McMaster University

"McMaster" redirects here. For other uses, see McMaster (disambiguation).

McMaster University

McMaster University
Motto	ΤΑ·ΠΑΝΤΑ·ΕΝ·ΧΡΙΣΤΩΙ· ΣΥΝΕΣΤΗΚΕΝ (Greek)
Motto in English	All things cohere in Christ
Type	Public university
Established	1887
Endowment	$522 million
Chancellor	Lynton Wilson
President	Patrick Deane
Academic staff	1,434
Undergraduates	21,790 full-time
Postgraduates	3,217
Location	Hamilton , Ontario , Canada 43°15′48″N 79°55′8″W
Campus	Urban, 1.2 square kilometres (300 acres)
Library	2,000,000 + volumes
Colours	Maroon and Grey
Affiliations	ACU, AUCC, CARL‎, IAU, G13, COU, ATS, CIS, CUSID, Fields Institute, CUP.
Mascot	Mac the Marauder
Website	mcmaster.ca
McMaster University

Template:FixBunching McMaster University (Mac) is a public research university located in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The university operates six academic faculties comprising of Science, Health Sciences, Engineering, Humanities, Social Sciences and DeGroote School of Business. It is a member of the Group of Thirteen.

The university bears the name of William McMaster, a prominent Canadian Senator and banker whose substantial bequeathed funds helped form the beginning of the university. The institution was originally incorporated under the terms of an act of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1887. McMaster was originally located in Toronto although it later moved to its present location in Hamilton in 1930. Originally controlled by the Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec, it became a non-denominational private institution in 1957.

The main campus is located on 300 acres (1.2 km²) of land in the residential neighbourhood of Westdale adjacent to Hamilton's Royal Botanical Gardens. The university is noted as particularly strong in the fields of Health Sciences and Engineering and has been named Canada's most innovative medical-doctoral university eight times in the past eleven years.

History

Establishment and early years

McMaster University in Toronto circa 1906

McMaster University was the result of the outgrowth of educational work initiated by Baptists in central Canada as early as the 1830s. Canadian Senator William McMaster, the first president of the Canadian Bank of Commerce, bequeathed funds to endow a university which was incorporated through a merger of Toronto Baptist College and Woodstock College, under the terms of an act of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1887. The new University, housed in McMaster Hall in Toronto, was sponsored by the Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec as a sectarian undergraduate institution for its clergy and adherents. The first courses, initially limited to arts and theology, leading to the BA degree were taught in 1890, and the first degrees were conferred in 1894.

As the university campus, known as McMaster House, started to become more confined, a Hamilton-native student in 1909 made the first suggestion that the university move to Hamilton, although this proposal was not seriously considered until two years later. By the 1920s', after previous proposals between various university staff, the Hamilton's Chamber of Commerce launched a campaign to bring McMaster to Hamilton. With the problems of space at McMaster Hall becoming more prominent, the university administration began to debate over the future of the university. The university nearly became federated with the University of Toronto, as had been the case with Trinity College and Victoria College. The university administration in the end decided to transferred from Toronto to Hamilton in 1930.

Move to Hamilton and expansion

The Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec managed to secure $1.5 million, while the citizens of Hamilton manged to procure another $500,000 in order to help finance the move to Hamilton. The lands for the university and new buildings were secured through gifts from graduates. Lands were transferred from the Royal Botanical Gardens to establish the campus area. To help finance the move, the university would sell it's properties in Toronto including McMaster Hall, which now houses the Royal Conservatory of Music.

Professional programs during the interwar period had been limited to theology and nursing. By the 1940s the McMaster administration was under pressure to modernize and expand the university's programs. During the Second World War and post-war periods the demand for technological expertise, particularly in the sciences, increased. This problem placed a strain on the finances of what was still a denominational Baptist institution. In particular, the institution could no longer secure sufficient funds from denominational sources alone to sustain science research. Since denominational institutions could not receive public funds, the Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec decided to reorganize the University, creating two federated colleges. The arts and divinity programs were reconstituted as University College and science was reorganized under the newly created Hamilton College as a separate division capable of receiving provincial grants.

Recent history

Through the 1950s increased funding advanced the place of sciences within the institution. Public funding was eventually necessary to ensure the humanities and social sciences were given an equal place. Thus, in 1957 the University reorganized once again, merging the two colleges and becoming a private nondenominational institution eligible for public funding. The historic Baptist connection was continued through the separate incorporation and affiliation of a theological school, McMaster Divinity College. The University had traditionally focused on undergraduate studies, having not offered a PhD program until 1949. However, this also changed in 1957 with the creation of a Faculty of Graduate Studies, which was gradually expanded over the coming decades. Construction of the McMaster Nuclear Reactor also began in 1957 and was the first university-based research reactor in the Commonwealth when it began operating in 1959.

In 1965, with the support of the Ontario government, the University established a medical school and teaching hospital, graduating its first class of physicians in 1972. In 1968, the University was organized into the Divisions of Arts, Science, and Health Sciences each with its own Vice-President, while Divinity College continued under its existing arrangement. In 1974 the divisional structure of the University was dissolved and the vice-presidents were replaced by a single Vice-President (Academic). The Faculties of Business, Engineering, Health Sciences, Humanities, Science, and Social Sciences were retained, each under the leadership of a dean.

Campus

McMaster University is situated in the city of Hamilton, Ontario, located in the Golden Horseshoe along the western end of Lake Ontario. The main campus is bordered to the north by Cootes Paradise, an extensive natural marshland, to the east and west by residential neighbourhoods and to its south by Main Street West, a major transportation artery of Hamilton. Its northern boundaries are a popular destination for walkers who make use of the many trails that connect the campus to the Royal Botanical Gardens's lands. While the main campus is 300 acres (1.2 km²), the majority of the teaching facilities has been centered within the core 30 acres (0.12 km²). In addition to its main campus in Hamilton, McMaster owns several other properties around the city of Hamilton, Burlington, Kitchener and St. Catherines, Ontario.

McMaster's campus buildings vary in age from Hamilton Hall in 1926 (the oldest building located in its present day campus) to its newest business facilities in Burlington, completed in 2010. The university campus had received a B grade from the Sustainable Endowments Institute on its College Sustainability Report Card 2011.

Academic facilities

Panoramic view of McMaster University from the Southwest

The buildings and facilities represent the ongoing development that has been happening on McMaster grounds since it purchased the property from the city of Hamilton in 1928. The main campus's six original Gothic-style buildings are now flanked by over fifty structures built predominantly during booms in the early 1970s and the late 1990s to present. The largest facility located at the university is the McMaster University Medical Centre, a multi-use research hospital that ranks among the largest public buildings in Canada. It is connected to the Life Sciences building and the recently completed Michael DeGroote Centre for Learning & Discovery, which houses many well-funded research groups in areas of genetics, infectious diseases and several specific conditions.

Archway of University Hall, displays the unique Gothic architecture style

The McMaster Nuclear Reactor is a university-based research reactor that is today the only Canadian medium flux reactor in a university environment. It is a "pool-type" reactor with a core of enriched uranium fuel moderated and cooled by light water. The MNR provides a wide range of irradiation, laboratory and holding facilities which include: A cyclotron, an accelerator, a small-angle neutron-scattering detector and wide-angle neutron scattering facilities.

McMaster's four libraries are all part of the collective McMaster University Libraries, which comprises 1,303,969 volumes and 3,495,444 total resources, including videos, maps, sound recordings, and microfilm. Mills Library houses the Humanities and Social Sciences collections, with a wide range of print and digital resources. Innis Library houses content which supports the academic and research interests DeGroote School of Business. Thode Library houses academic material of various disciplines of science and engineering, while the Health Science Library houses books pertaining to the field to medical sciences.

Housing and student life facilities

Currently McMaster has twelve smoke-free residence buildings totalling approximately 3,756 bedspaces. The latest residence to be built is Les Prince Hall, a large co-ed building, completed in 2006. Prince was a long-serving hall master in the residence system, living with his family on campus until after his retirement in 1980. Building choices include the traditional room and board style, furnished apartment style and suite-style. Brandon Hall and Whidden Hall house the university's substance-free lifestyle living spaces.

The McMaster Residence System is composed of Residence Life Staff who provide guidance and help the transition to university life for many first-year students. Staff members are trained by Housing and Conference service employees and enforce policies which the university has put in place. They also provide programs for students that touch on one or more of its four pillars approach: Academic, Diversity & Social Justice, Life-Skills & Wellness, and Social. Residence students are represented by the Inter Residence Council (IRC). Each building has two representatives which program entertaining activities for students, facilitate social interaction, and represent the students at the upper administration level.

The McMaster University Student Centre (MUSC) is the center of student life and programming. It contains a café, study space, common areas, and a number of administrative departments, including the CIBC Conference Hall. The MUSC also contains the offices of a number of student organizations including the McMaster Students Union and The Silhouette daily newspaper as well as other services such as the Campus Health Centre and the campus dentist.

Off campus facilities

McMaster University's DeGroote School of Business currently operates a 4.5-acre (0.018 km²) site in the neighbouring city of Burlington. Dubbed The Ron Joyce Centre, construction of the building began on June 17, 2009. The building itself is a four-story, 90,000 square foot building. With the building's official opening on October 7, 2010, the Ron Joyce Centre currently fields both DeGroote's MBA program as well as their business management programs (both degree and non-degree programs). Considerations for the new building began in 2004 when McMaster University announced that in partnership with the neighbouring city of Burlington, planning on constructing a new arts and technology intensive campus in that city. In 2009, the City of Burlington, Halton Region, and McMaster University signed an official agreement laying out the timelines and next steps for the university's expansion into Burlington.

The McMaster's Centre for Continuing Education was relocated to the former Hamilton-Wentworth courthouse building on Main Street East in 2002. The centre offers a variety of certificate and diploma programs as well as personal and professional development programs.

The Michael G. DeGroote School of Root Beer also hosts a Waterloo Regional Campus in the downtown Kitchener, sharing facilities with the Health Sciences Campus of the University of Waterloo. McMaster also hosts another regional campus in St. Catherines, although the university plans to move the Niagara Regional Campus to Brock University campus in 2011. These two campuses are referred to as the regional campuses and approximately 30 medical students in each year of the program attend each campus.

McMaster purchased a large industrial park three kilometres east of its main Hamilton campus in 2005 with the intention of redeveloping the site to contain an array of research facilities for the development of advanced manufacturing and materials, biotechnology, automotive and nanotechnology. In July 2005 the federal government announced that it would be relocating CANMET, a federal government materials research laboratory, from its Ottawa centre to Hamilton, helping spear-head the development of the McMaster Innovation Park.

Academics and administration

McMaster, a publicly funded research university, offers a wide variety of bachelors as well as graduate degrees. Programs at McMaster are currently divided among six faculties. In 2009, the largest programs were engineering, with 3,662 full time and part time students enrolled in the program, followed by the social sciences, with 3,376 full time and part time students enrolled in the program. The school is also the only North American host site for a United Nations University.

Current Faculties and Schools of McMaster University
Faculties	DeGroote School of Business 1952	Faculty of Engineering 1958	Faculty of Health Sciences 1974			Faculty of Humanities 1887	Faculty of Social Sciences 1887	Faculty of Science 1887
Schools		School of Computational Engineering and Science 2005	School of Nursing 1946	School of Medicine 1974	School of Rehabilitation Science 1987	School of the Arts 1966	School of Social Work 1968	School of Geography and Earth Sciences 1997

Rankings

University rankings
Global rankings
ARWU World	88
Times World	93
Canadian rankings
Maclean's Medical/Doctoral	6

McMaster University has consistently been ranked one of Canada's top universities. The university has also been named Canada's most innovative medical-doctoral university eight times in the past 11 years by Maclean's in its annual ranking of Canadian universities. According to the 2010 Academic Ranking of World Universities rankings, the university ranked 88th in the world and the fourth highest in the country. Similarly, the 2010 Times Higher Education World University Rankings placed McMaster 93rd in the world, and the fourth in Canada. The 2010 QS World University Rankings ranked the university 162nd in the world. In terms of national rankings, Maclean's had ranked McMaster 6th in their 2010 Medical Doctoral university rankings. McMaster was ranked despite opting out along with several other universities in Canada from participating their graduate survey since 2006.

In more specific fields of study, McMaster University was also ranked 40th in the ARWU 2010 in the field of social sciences, the highest in Ontario, and the second highest in the country. McMaster's Health Science program has consistently been ranked well within the top 100 of university rankings. In the 2010 Times Higher Education rankings of clinical, pre-clinical and health universities, McMaster's Health Science program ranked 30th in the world and the fourth in Canada. The program had also ranked within the U.S. News & World Report university rankings for life sciences and biomedicine, placing 82nd in the world and fourth in the country. In the field of clinical medicine and pharmacy, the ARWU in 2010 had similarly ranked the program 51st-75th in the world and third in Canada. In addition, McMaster's DeGroote School of Business has gathered both national and worldwide recognition as it was accredited by the AACSB in 2006. Less than 10 percent of business schools worldwide have earned this accreditation.

The McMaster Model

McMaster functions on a semester system, operating year-round on three academic semesters, fall, winter and spring. The McMaster Model specifically is the university's advocation for a student-centred, problem-based, interdisciplinary approach to learning, which has been adopted around the world. Notably, the university's Faculty of Health Science pioneered the problem-based learning tutorials since adopted by other programs and faculties within the university — during the 1960s. However, it quickly grew with programs in occupational therapy, physical therapy, midwifery, and other allied fields. Most medical schools in Canada and more than 80% of medical schools in the United States now employ PBL in their curriculum, and many international universities are continuing to do to the same.

In the early 1990s, the School of Medicine developed the personal progress index (PPI) as an objective method for assessing acquisition and retention of knowledge for students in the medical program. The PPI is administered at routine intervals to all students in the program, regardless of their level of training, and plots students' increases in scores as they move through the program. Students typically score under 15% on their first write, and increase 5-7% with each successive write. Students are able to monitor the changes in their scores and receive formative feedback based on a standardized score relative to the class mean. Due to the overwhelming success and research supporting the use of the PPI as an evaluation tool, it is now used in Canada, US, Europe, and Australia.

Research

McMaster Nuclear Reactor. Above: construction began in 1957, completed in 1959.
Below: Reactor in 2004.

In Research Infosource's Decade in Review, McMaster was designated the top performer in research income growth from 1999 to 2009 in the medical doctoral category as well as the second-top performer in research intensity growth for the same period. For the year 2010, Research Infosource had ranked McMaster University the sixth most research intensive school in the country, averaging $309,400 per faculty member, well above the national average of $167,200. In 2004, McMaster earned the designation of research university based on its ability to attract and capitalize on its research income. Its research activities exceed those of universities twice its size and no Canadian university receives a higher proportion of research funding relative to its operating budget than McMaster. In 2006, McMaster was ranked first by research intensity of $308,300 CAD per full time faculty.

In terms of research performance, High Impact Universities 2010 had ranked McMaster 62nd out of 500 universities and ranking fourth on the national scale. The university was also ranked 25th out of 500 universities, second in the country for research performance in the fields of medicine, dentistry, pharmacology, and health sciences. The university was also ranked 83rd out of 500 universities, ranking third nationally for research performance in the fields of engineering, computing and technology. In the fields of arts, humanities, business and social sciences, the university's research performance was ranked 60th out of 500 universities, again the third highest nationally.

McMaster has been particularly renowned for its academic strengths, most notably in the fields of health sciences and engineering. For five years in a row, McMaster has ranked second in Canada for biomedical and health care research revenues. In 2008-2009, Faculty investigators were overseeing $133 million a year in research, much of that research conducted by scientists and physicians who teach in the medical school. In 2008, according to the Higher Education Evaluation & Accreditation Council of Taiwan (HEEACT), McMaster is ranked 48th in the world for scientific papers in clinical medicine. The Faculty of Health Sciences operates several research institutes, including the Farncombe Family Digestive Health Research Institute, the DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, and the Stem Cell and Cancer Research Institute. A portion of Albert Einstein's brain is preserved and held for medical research at the McMaster brain bank. Researchers there have identified differences in his brain that may relate to his genius for spatial and mathematical thinking.

McMaster has had a nuclear reactor (MNR) since 1959 for nuclear science and engineering research. The strength of nuclear science at McMaster under the presidency of Dr. H.G. Thode, was augmented in 1968 by the construction of a 10MV Model FN Tandem particle accelerator. Along with this was added the 3MV Model KN single-ended accelerator in the same year. Being primarily, in the early days, a nuclear structure laboratory, the academic direction of the laboratory fell to the Physics Department. During the next 28 years, the nuclear research effort was tremendous with hundreds of graduate students trained and many publications generated. McMaster is the only medical doctoral university in Canada to offer Nuclear Engineering at undergraduate and postgraduate level.

Admissions

The requirements for admission differ between students from Ontario, other provinces in Canada and international students due to the lack of uniformity in marking schemes. The secondary school average for full-time first-year students at McMaster University was 84.9%. However, students entering McMaster's more selective undergraduate programs, such as its Health Science program and its Arts and Science program had a secondary school average of 95.1%. McMaster's medical school receives twice the number of applications as other medical programs in Canada, with more than 4,500 applicants competing for 204 positions. McMaster currently has more than 500 medical students and more than 700 residents working in 44 specialties.

In 2004, McMaster developed the multiple-mini interview to address long-standing concerns over the standard panel interviews as being poor reflectors of performance in medical school. This format uses short, independent assessments in a timed circuit to obtain aggregate scores in interpersonal skills, professionalism, ethical/moral judgment, and critical thinking to assess candidates. The MMI has consistently shown to have a higher predictive validity for future performance than traditional interviews.

Student life

File:Iron Ring Clock.jpg

The Iron Ring Clock located in the McMaster University Student Centre

The main student unions on administrative and policy issues are the McMaster Students Union for full-time undergraduates, the McMaster Association of Part-Time Students for part-time undergraduates and the McMaster Graduate Students Association for postgraduates. Student representative bodies also exist within the residence system as well as at the various academic faculties and departments.

Student groups

McMaster's more than 200 student organizations and clubs cover a wide range of interests. Many of them are centred around the McMaster University Student Centre, the student activity center. Fraternities and sororities are not recognized by the university or the student unions and operate as non-accredited off-campus organizations.

Student media

The student-run The Silhouette newspaper is the oldest student service at McMaster University and has been in publication since 1929. Since 1968, the McMaster Engineering Society has published The Plumbline, the main satire magazine of McMaster University. The campus radio station CFMU-FM (93.3 FM) is Canada’s second oldest campus radio station and has been broadcasting since 1978. MacInsiders, an online student-run forum and information network, has been operating since 2007.

Theater and music

McMaster is home to two semi-professional acting companies, at the university level. The McMaster Thespian Company, started in 2003, and McMaster Musical Theatre, started in the 1960s, present productions annually involving student volunteer actors, musicians and crew. These groups, as well as the students in McMaster's Theatre and Film program, usually perform in the Robinson Memorial Theatre in Chester New Hall. Since 1990, McMaster has hosted the McMaster Summer Drama Festival, a collection of plays directed and performed by students and local community members. The McMaster Engineering Musical is an annual musical production that is written, directed and cast by engineers that often features unique interpretations of popular songs or musicals.

Athletics

File:McMasterMaraudersLogo.png

McMaster's athletic logo

The McMaster Marauders is the official sporting team for McMaster University and the university's colours have been maroon and grey since 1912. The Mauraders have an extensive track record in both the Ontario University Athletics (OUA) and Canadian Interuniversity Sport (CIS) leagues spanning several decades. McMaster University has graduated 34 Olympic athletes, eight Olympic coaches, two Olympic administrators and two Olympic officials. As is mandatory for the members of the CIS, McMaster University does not give out full-ride athletic scholarships.

File:McMasterMaraudersHelmet.png

McMaster Marauders football helmet

Men's football at McMaster is one of the school's most popular spectator sports. The team has shown itself as one of the strongest in Canada, earning four consecutive Yates Cup victories (2000–2003), led by coach Greg Marshall. Several McMaster athletes have been scouted to play for the Canadian Football League, such as alumnus Jesse Lumsden or Kyle Koch, the latter of which plays for the Edmonton Eskimos. The team currently plays on the recently completed Ronald V. Joyce Stadium at Les Prince Field.

The McMaster men's rugby team won gold in the OUA Championship over Western in 2006, and over Queen's in 2008. This marks the fifth time in seven years for the Marauders to hoist the Turner Trophy and their sixth time overall since its inauguration in 1923.

Intramural sport leagues and tournaments are widely participated in at Ivor Wynne Centre and David Braley Athletic Center as well. Participation opportunities are offered at multiple skill levels and across a variety of sports to service a range of interest and abilities. Sport offerings include traditional sports like volleyball, basketball, soccer and cricket, as well as less traditional events like dodgeball and Extreme Potato Sack Racing.

Insignias and other representations

Motto and songs

McMaster motto chosen from Colossians 1:17, is "ΤΑ·ΠΑΝΤΑ·ΕΝ·ΧΡΙΣΤΩΙ·ΣΥΝΕΣΤΗΚΕΝ". The motto was adopted in 1888 and translates to "In Christ all things hold together" or "All things cohere in Christ". The motto itself is unusual in regards to the fact that it is in Greek. Typical university motto's when not in English, are usually in Latin, reflecting the origin of universities in mediaeval institutions in which Latin was more prominent than Greek. It has been said that McMaster's founders evidently desired to go back to the Middle Ages to the earliest days of the Christian faith, and therefore used the Greek form.

Notable among a number of songs commonly played and sung at various events such as commencement and convocation, and athletic games are: "The Alma Mater Song" (1935), with words by Mrs A.A. Burridge and music by Hugh Brearly; "The McMaster March," with words by Claire Senior Burke et al., and music by Arthur Burridge; "My Mac" (1982), with words and music by Fred Moyes.

Coat of arms

After the university's move to Hamilton in 1930, the university had petitioned Lord Lyon King of Arms in Edinburgh for a coat of arms, which he would later grant on behalf of the Crown on October 20, 1930. On 1997, the Board of Governors in 1997 introduced a simplified shield design which had both recognized the tradition of McMaster’s heraldry while improving the quality of print and electronic reproduction. The university's arms and badge would finally be registered with the Canadian Heraldic Authority on October 15, 2006.

The design of McMaster's shield includes an eagle, which is symbolic of the heavenly vision, being able supposedly to gaze directly into the blazing mid-day sun. The cross on its breast identifies the university's vision as Christian in inspiration. The open book is a common symbol of learning, and the maple leaves signify that McMaster's Charter was granted by the Province of Ontario. The stag and oak tree itself were incorporated into the coat of arms as a tribute to Senator McMaster, who had used a stag and oak himself on his insignias.

Notable alumni and faculty

Tommy Douglas, former premier of Saskatchewan and alumni of McMaster

Main article: List of McMaster University people

See also: List of McMaster University Olympic athletes, coaches and officials

McMaster University currently has over 141,672 alumni residing in over 129 countries in the world. Throughout McMaster's history, faculty, alumni, and former students have played prominent roles in many different fields. McMaster also has a number of faculty as well as alumni who have earned Nobel prizes and awards such as the Rhodes Scholarships. Nobel prize winners include alumni Myron Scholes, who was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1997, faculty member Bertram Brockhouse who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1994 and alumni James Orbinski won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1992 (on behalf of Doctors Without Borders).

Many former students have also gained local and national prominence for serving in government. Lincoln Alexander had served as Lieutenant Governor of Ontario, also becoming the first minority Lieutenant Governor in Canada. Two premiers from Canada, the current premier from Ontario, Dalton McGuinty and the former premier of Saskatchewan, Tommy Douglas were both graduates of McMaster University. A number of alumni have also made their mark in the fields of social sciences. Prominent faculty members in the field of social sciences includes Ruth Landes, a cultural anthropologists, and Henry Giroux, one of the founding theorists of critical pedagogy. A prominent alumni in the field of social sciences was Harold Innis, who helped shaped both communication theory and the staples thesis.

A significant number of prominent business leaders have also studied at McMaster. Such examples include Stephen Elop, current president and CEO of Nokia and former president of Microsoft's business division, James V. Sardo, former CEO and chairman of Firestone Canada, Lynton Wilson, current chairman of Nortel and chancellor of McMaster, William Waugh, former vice-president, CFO and director of General Motors Canada, Tayce Wakefield, former vice president of corporate affairs for General Motors Canada, Michael Lee-Chin, current chairman, CEO and CIO of AIC Limited, and Teresa Cascioli, current president and CEO of Lakeport Brewing Company.

Two members of McMaster University had traveled in space, including faculty member Dafydd Williams, who currently is a physician scientist at McMaster Centre for Medical Robotics at St. Joseph's Hospital, and former alumni Roberta Bondar, who was the first Canadian woman in space.

See also

• List of Ontario Universities
• List of McMaster University Chancellors and Vice-Chancellors

Notes and references

Further reading

• Charles M. Johnston 'McMaster University, Vol. 1: The Toronto Years' (Toronto: University of Toronto Press)
• Charles M. Johnston 'McMaster University, Vol. 2: The Early Years in Hamilton' (Toronto: University of Toronto Press)
• Herb Jenkins 'Combining Two Cultures: McMaster University's Arts And Science Programme' (University press of America, August 31, 2004)
• Paul Axelrod 'Scholars and Dollars: Politics, Economics, and the Universities of Ontario 1945-1980' (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, September 1, 1982)
• W.S.W. McLay, C.W. New and G.P. Gilmour. 'McMaster University, 1890-1940' (Hamilton, 1940)

External links

• Official website