Acrolein: Difference between revisions
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In [[organic chemistry]], '''acrolein''' or '''propenal''' is the simplest [[saturation (chemistry)|unsaturated]] [[aldehyde]]. |
In [[organic chemistry]], '''acrolein''' or '''propenal''' is the simplest [[saturation (chemistry)|unsaturated]] [[aldehyde]]. |
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Acrolein is described as having a piercing, disagreeable, acrid smell. Skin exposure causes serious damage. Acrolein concentrations of 2 [[parts per notation|ppm]] are immediately dangerous to life. Acrolein may be easily produced by the action of approximately 1 part [[sodium bisulfate]] on 3 parts glycerine by weight. |
Acrolein is described as having a piercing, disagreeable, acrid smell similar to that of burning fat. Skin exposure to acrolein causes serious damage. Acrolein concentrations of 2 [[parts per notation|ppm]] are immediately dangerous to life. Acrolein may be easily produced by the action of approximately 1 part [[sodium bisulfate]] on 3 parts glycerine by weight. |
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Acrolein is such a severe pulmonary irritant and lacrimating agent that it has been used as a chemical weapon during [[World War I]]. It is, however, not outlawed by the [[Chemical Weapons Convention]]. |
Acrolein is such a severe pulmonary irritant and lacrimating agent that it has been used as a chemical weapon during [[World War I]]. It is, however, not outlawed by the [[Chemical Weapons Convention]]. |
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Revision as of 17:11, 24 April 2007
| Acrolein | |||||
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| General | |||||
| Systematic name | Acrylaldehyde | ||||
| Other names | Acraldehyde Acrylic Aldehyde Allyl Aldehyde Ethylene Aldehyde | ||||
| Molecular formula | C3H4O | ||||
| SMILES | C(=O)C=C | ||||
| Molar mass | 56.06 g/mol | ||||
| Appearance | Colorless to yellow liquid. Irritating odor. | ||||
| CAS number | 107-02-8 | ||||
| Properties | |||||
| Vapor density (air=1) | 1.94 | ||||
| Solubility in water | Appreciable (> 10%) | ||||
| Melting point | -88 °C (-126 °F) | ||||
| Boiling point | 53 °C (127 °F) | ||||
| Hazards | |||||
| MSDS | External MSDS[1] | ||||
| Main hazards | Highly poisonous. Causes severe irritation to exposed membranes. Extremely flammable liquid and vapor. | ||||
| NFPA 704 |
| ||||
| Flash point | -26°C | ||||
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references | |||||
In organic chemistry, acrolein or propenal is the simplest unsaturated aldehyde.
Acrolein is described as having a piercing, disagreeable, acrid smell similar to that of burning fat. Skin exposure to acrolein causes serious damage. Acrolein concentrations of 2 ppm are immediately dangerous to life. Acrolein may be easily produced by the action of approximately 1 part sodium bisulfate on 3 parts glycerine by weight.
Acrolein is such a severe pulmonary irritant and lacrimating agent that it has been used as a chemical weapon during World War I. It is, however, not outlawed by the Chemical Weapons Convention.
When glycerol is heated to 280 °C, it decomposes into acrolein.[2]
Acrolein tends to polymerize when left at room temperature, leaving a gummy yellowish residue with a putrid odor.
Acrolein is also a metabolite of the chemotherapy drug cyclophosphamide, and is associated with hemorrhagic cystitis.
Cancer link
Acrolein is a suspected human carcinogen.[3] [4] In October 2006, Dr. Moon-shong Tang, and researchers at New York University, found major connections between acrolein in tobacco cigarettes and certain cooking oils and the risk of lung cancer.
Acrolein test
Acrolein test is a test for the presence of glycerin or fats. A sample is heated with potassium bisulfate, and acrolein is released if the test is positive.[5] When a fat is heated strongly in the presence of a dehydrating agent such as KHSO4, the glycerol portion of the molecule is dehydrated to form the unsaturated aldehyde, acrolein (CH2=CH-CHO), which has the peculiar odor of burnt grease.