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*'''Proposed autonomous area:''' {{flag|Cornwall}}
*'''Proposed autonomous area:''' {{flag|Cornwall}}
**'''Political parties:''' [[Mebyon Kernow|Mebyon Kernow – Party for Cornwall]] (EFA member), [[Green Party of England and Wales|Cornish Green Party]]
**'''Political parties:''' [[Mebyon Kernow|Mebyon Kernow – Party for Cornwall]] (EFA member), [[Green Party of England and Wales|Cornish Green Party]]
**'''Advocacy groups:''' [[Cornish Constitutional Convention]], [[Cornwall 2000]], [[Cornish Solidarity]], [[Revived Cornish Stannary Parliament]], [[Tyr Gwyr Gweryn]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kernowtgg.co.uk/natpages.html |title=? |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate= }}</ref>
**'''Advocacy groups:''' [[Cornish Constitutional Convention]], [[Cornwall 2000]], [[Cornish Solidarity]], [[Revived Cornish Stannary Parliament]], [[Tyr Gwyr Gweryn]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kernowtgg.co.uk/natpages.html |title=Cornish Nation |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate= }}</ref><ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/cornish_nation_01.shtml Professor Mark Stoyle, The Cornish: A Neglected Nation? February 17, 2011]</ref>


{{flag|England}}
{{flag|England}}

Revision as of 06:31, 15 September 2011

This is a list of currently active separatist movements in Europe. Separatism includes autonomism and secessionism. What is and is not considered an autonomist or secessionist movement is sometimes contentious. Entries on this list must meet two criteria:

  1. They are active movements with active members.
  2. They are seeking greater autonomy or self-determination for a geographic region (as opposed to personal autonomy).

Under each region listed is one or more of the following:

Various ethnic groups in Europe are seeking greater autonomy or independence. In the European Union (EU), several of these groups are members of the European Free Alliance (EFA). In some cases, the group seeks union with a neighbouring country.

Azerbaijan

Lezgistan

  • Proposed state: Lezgistan[1]
  • Political parties: Party of National Equality of Azerbaijan (Russian: Партия национального равенства Азербайджана)[2], All-National Congress of Lezgins[3], Sadval movement (Russian: Садвал)[4][3]

Nagorno-Karabakh

Talysh-Mughan

Belgium

Further information: Partition of Belgium

 Flemish Region

 Walloon Region

Bosnia and Herzegovina

 Republika Srpska

 Herzeg-Bosnia

Croatia

Secessionist movements
Autonomist movements

Cyprus

Czech Republic

Denmark

 Faroe Islands

Finland

 Åland

Sápmi Sami

France

Some of the claimed nations and/or regions - 1. Brittany, 2. France proper (excluding Flanders), 3. Occitania, 4. Lorraine which is sometimes part of France proper, 5. Alsace, 6. Basque Country, 7. Catalonia and 8. Corsica.
Secessionist movements
Gradual and eventual secession
Autonomist movements
Rearrangement of regions
  • Picardie (region), activists are the Picard people. The French government regional committee had planned to subdivide the region and give each one of the 3 departements to neighbouring regions of Champagne-Ardenne, Ile-de-France and Nord Pas-de-Calais. The Picard people are divided on this proposal. [citation needed]
  • Several regions want to be divided into newer ones, notably in the Midi-Pyrenees and Alpes-Cote de Azur. [citation needed]

Georgia

Abkhazia (member of the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization)

South Ossetia

Germany

Italy

Further information: Southern Italy autonomist movements

Lithuania

(with neighbouring Latvia, northernmost Belarus and westernmost Russia).

Macedonia

Moldova

Netherlands

Norway

Poland

Romania

Russia

North Caucasus

  •  Adygea[citation needed]
  • Chechen Republic of Ichkeria  Chechnya
    • Militant organisation: Chechen separatists; though recently Ramzan Kadyrov, the Russian-appointed leader of the Chechen Republic within Russia has also made statements seeming to support broad autonomy,[17] criticising Russian attempts to make a "North Caucasus" district[17] inviting back separatist leader Akhmad Zakayev,[18]
    • Proposed state: Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
  •  Dagestan
  •  Ingushetia
  •  Kabardino-Balkaria
  •  Karachay-Cherkessia
  •  North Ossetia-Alania[citation needed]
  • Chechnya, Dagestan, Ingushetia
  • Circassia
    • Movement:Circassian Congress; Circassian Youth Initiative; Adyge Djegi
    • Proposed state: Circassia, including all regions historically included in Circassia and/or inhabited by Circassians (note: this includes Adygea as well as large parts of Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachey-Cherkessia, Krasnodar Oblast, and Stavropol' Oblast)
  • Balkar and Karachay peoples
    • Movement:Various nationalist organisations in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia
    • Goals:Firstmost, the establishment of autonomy for the Karachai and Balkars, rather than in biethnic republics where they must share power with Russians and Circassians (division of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia into smaller units, also popular for Circassian nationalists). Then, the unification of Karachay and Balkar units is advocated by some but not all nationalists (see Balkar and Karachai nationalism)

Other regions

Serbia

Spain

Regions in Spain with separatist movements.

Sweden

Switzerland

Internal secessionism

Turkey

Assyrian people

See #Iran

Kurdish people

Ukraine

United Kingdom and Crown Dependencies

The United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and Republic of Ireland (click to enlarge)
The United Kingdom

 Cornwall

See also: Cornish nationalism, Constitutional status of Cornwall, Cornish Assembly, English independence, English nationalism, Irish nationalism, Irish republicanism, and Ulster nationalism

 England

See also: English independence and English nationalism

 Gibraltar

 Guernsey

 Isle of Man

 Isle of Wight

Northern Ireland

See also: Ulster nationalism, Ulster loyalism, Irish nationalism, and Irish republicanism

 Northumberland

  • Proposed autonomous area:  Northumberland
    • Advocacy groups: Regional activist groups, but the Northumbria autonomous movement is moribund and are pro-unionist (to separate from England).

 Scotland

Further information: Scottish independence

 Shetland

 Wales

Further information: Welsh independence

 Wessex

 Yorkshire

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Caucasian Review of International Affairs Inspired from Abroad: The External Sources of Separatism in Azerbaijan
  2. ^ Template:Ru icon [http://www.labyrinth.ru/content/card.asp?cardid=29370 Партия национального равенства Азербайджана (ПНРА). Лезгинская партия
  3. ^ a b [http://books.google.com/books?id=u9Lq_8Ozf5cC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Encyclopedia+of+the+Stateless+Nations:+L-R&hl=en&ei=PwxwTuCEO6b30gHPzfiDCg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false James Minahan, Encyclopedia of the Stateless Nations: L-R, pp. 1088-1089
  4. ^ Template:Ru icon Движение Свободный Лезгистан
  5. ^ Vladimir Babak, Demian Vaisman, Aryeh Wasserman, Political organization in Central Asia and Azerbaijan: sources and documents, p.74
  6. ^ Armed Peacekeepers in Bosnia. DIANE Publishing. 2004. p. 122. ISBN 1428910204.
  7. ^ Maxmilián Strmiska. "Rise and Fall of Moravian Regionalist Parties". The International Institute of Political Science. Retrieved 10 April 2009.
  8. ^ a b c "Sámi fly their flag in Helsinki". thisisFINLAND.
  9. ^ "Bayernpartei". Bayernpartei. Retrieved 10 April 2009.
  10. ^ "Domà Nunch Official website".
  11. ^ "Grueski victorious in violence-marred Macedonia polls". B92. 2 June 2008. Retrieved 12 April 2009.
  12. ^ Jeff Chinn and Steven D. Roper (1998). "Territorial Autonomy in Gagauzia". Association for the Study of Nationalities. Retrieved 12 April 2009.
  13. ^ "The Transnistria "Republic" and illegal arms export". EuropeFront. Retrieved 12 April 2009.
  14. ^ "FNP program for the Provincial Elections 2007". Frisian National Party. Retrieved 12 April 2009.
  15. ^ "Silesian Autonomy Movement". Silesian Autonomy Movement. Retrieved 10 April 2009.
  16. ^ "Szekler National Council website". Szekler National Council. Retrieved 12 April 2009.
  17. ^ a b DMITRY SHLAPENTOKH (3 December 2009). "The Kremlin's renegade puppet in Chechnya". The Japan Times.
  18. ^ Shlapentokh, Dmitry (3 December 2009). "?". The Scotsman. Edinburgh. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  19. ^ http://www.novosti.rs/vesti/naslovna/aktuelno.69.html:331099-Zukorlic-Autonomija-Sandzaka-sve-izvesnija
  20. ^ http://www.mondo.rs/v2/tekst.php?vest=79742
  21. ^ "Scania". UNPO. Retrieved 10 April 2009.
  22. ^ Farimah Daftary, Stefan Troebst (2003), Radical ethnic movements in contemporary Europe, p. 192
  23. ^ Pike, John (21 May 2004). "Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK)". Federation of American Scientists. Retrieved 23 July 2008.
  24. ^ "Cornish Nation".
  25. ^ Professor Mark Stoyle, The Cornish: A Neglected Nation? February 17, 2011
  26. ^ Brief Manifesto, England First Party website. Retrieved 13 April 2010.
  27. ^ [1]
  28. ^ Section 5: Solutions -Economic, Legal and Political Measures Restoring Britishness: UKIP Policy, UK Independence Party. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
  29. ^ Pierce, Andrew (19 April 2007). "Guernsey to discuss severing link with UK". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 8 May 2010.
  30. ^ Scotland's National Borders, Scottish Democratic Alliance. Retrieved 8 April 2010.
  31. ^ Shetland Independent Newsletter
  32. ^ Shetland and Orkney Udal Law group
  33. ^ Shetland Conversation
  34. ^ Crown Dependency of Forvik
  35. ^ "UK Electoral Commission". Government of UK. Retrieved September 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
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