Emilio Colombo

Senator for life Emilio Colombo
40th Prime Minister of Italy
In office 6 August 1970 – 17 February 1972
President	Giuseppe Saragat Giovanni Leone
Preceded by	Mariano Rumor
Succeeded by	Giulio Andreotti
Minister of Foreign Affairs
In office 1 August 1992 – 28 April 1993
Prime Minister	Giuliano Amato
Preceded by	Vincenzo Scotti
Succeeded by	Beniamino Andreatta
In office 4 April 1980 – 4 August 1983
Prime Minister	Arnaldo Forlani Giovanni Spadolini Amintore Fanfani
Preceded by	Attilio Ruffini
Succeeded by	Giulio Andreotti
Lifetime Senator
In office 4 February 2003 – 24 June 2013
Constituency	Appointment by President Ciampi
Personal details
Born	(1920-04-11)11 April 1920 Potenza, Basilicata, Italy
Died	24 June 2013(2013-06-24) (aged 93) Rome, Italy
Political party	Christian Democracy (until 1994)

Emilio Colombo (11 April 1920 – 24 June 2013) was an Italian politician and the Prime Minister of Italy from 1970 to 1972. In addition to having held top positions in Italian governments, he was also the president of the European Parliament. In 2003 he was appointed to be an Italian senator for life, a seat which he held until his death. In the first five years as senator, he was an independent. From 2008 until his death in June 2013, Colombo was a member of the Autonomies group, formed mainly by elects in Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.

Early life and education

Colombo was born in Potenza, Basilicata on 11 April 1920. He held a law degree.

Career

Colombo entered politics as a member of the Christian Democracy in 1948. He was firstly elected to the parliament in 1948. Having held several cabinet posts, he served as the prime minister of Italy from 1970 until his resignation in 1972.

A number of progressive reforms were introduced during Colombo's time as prime minister. A housing reform law of 22 October 1971 introduced new criteria for land expropriations and provisions for urban renewals. Under a law of 6 December 1971, state funds were made available for the construction of a kindegarten in every local authority. A law of 30 December 1971 introduced new regulations covering protection of female workers and maternity insurance. The duration of maternity leave was extended two months prior to, and two months after confinement for all employees, and all female workers were entitled to an earnings-related indemnity, equal to 80% of earnings (including agricultural workers and tenant farmers). Also introduced was an entitlement to voluntary extra period of leave for six months during the first year of the child’s life, with job security and an indemnity equal to 30% of earnings, together with an entitlement to paid absences due to the child’s sickness during the first three years if the child’s life. In addition, a special natality allowance was introduced for self-employed women in the agricultural, artisan, and commercial sectors.

Later he became president of the European Parliament (occupying that office from 1977 until 1979) and foreign minister of Italy (from 1980 until 1983, and again from 1992 until 1993). In February 2003 then president Carlo Azeglio Ciampi bestowed Italy's highest political honour on him, by nominating him Senator for life.

After the inconclusive elections on 24–25 February 2013 and the following difficulties of the hung Senate in electing a presiding officer, Colombo became acting speaker of the Senate, being the most senior member, until the election of Pietro Grasso on 16 March 2013.

After the death of Giulio Andreotti on 6 May 2013, Colombo became the last surviving member of the Italian Constituent Assembly.

Personal life

In November 2003, he admitted to have used cocaine (for "therapeutic purposes") over a 12- to 18-month period.

Colombo died in Rome on 24 June 2013 at the age of 93.

Honours and awards

• Gold Medal of the Jean Monnet Foundation for Europe, in 2011.