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"Bad Romance"
Upper bust of a blond woman. She has short cropped hair. Her body and her face is covered by a red translucent cloth with intricate wrappings in the front. Over the image the words "Lady Gaga" and "Bad Romance" are written in red capital letters. The photograph was shot by Heidi Slimane.
Single by Lady Gaga
from the EP The Fame Monster
Written2009
ReleasedOctober 19, 2009 (2009-10-19)
Recorded2009
Studio
Genre
Length4:54
Label
Songwriter(s)
  • Stefani Germanotta
  • Nadir Khayat[1]
Producer(s)
Lady Gaga singles chronology
"Paparazzi"
(2009) 		"Bad Romance"
(2009) 		"Video Phone"
(2009)
Music video
"Bad Romance" on YouTube

"Bad Romance" is a song by American singer Lady Gaga from her third EP, The Fame Monster (2009), the reissue of her debut studio album, The Fame (2008). Gaga co-wrote and co-produced the song with RedOne. Following an illegal demo leak, Gaga premiered the final version of the song during the finale of Alexander McQueen's 2010 Paris Fashion Week show in October 2009. "Bad Romance" was released as the lead single from The Fame Monster on October 19, 2009. Musically, it is an electropop and dance-pop with a full-throated chorus and a spoken bridge. Inspired by German house and techno, the song was developed as an experimental pop record. Lyrically, it explores Gaga's attraction to individuals with whom romance never works, her preference for lonely relationships and the paranoia she experienced while on tour. During the bridge, she sings a part of the chorus ("I want your love and I want your revenge") in French.

"Bad Romance" was acclaimed by music critics, who called it a highlight on The Fame Monster. It was included in the "best-of" lists of the media outlets Rolling Stone and Pitchfork; the former named it one of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time in 2021. "Bad Romance" won a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance. It topped the charts in more than 20 countries and sold 12 million copies worldwide, becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time. In the US, the song peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and was certified eleven times Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America, having sold 5.9 million digital downloads as of 2019.

The music video for "Bad Romance", directed by Francis Lawrence, features Gaga inside a surreal white bathhouse where she is kidnapped and drugged by supermodels who sell her to the Russian mafia for sexual slavery. The video ends as Gaga immolates the man who bought her. It garnered acclaim from critics for its fashion, choreography, costumes and symbolism. Briefly becoming the most-viewed YouTube video in 2010, it was nominated for ten MTV Video Music Awards and won seven, including Video of the Year. It received the Grammy Award for Best Music Video and was named the best music video of the 21st century by Billboard. Gaga has performed "Bad Romance" at television shows, award ceremonies, her concert tours, her residency shows, and the Super Bowl LI halftime show. The song has been covered by several artists.

Background and release

RedOne co-wrote and co-produced the song with Gaga.

Lady Gaga co-wrote and co-produced "Bad Romance" with RedOne. The song was recorded at the Record Plant in Los Angeles and FC Walvisch in Amsterdam.[2] Before its official release, a demo version of the song was published illegally on the internet, prompting Gaga to comment via Twitter, "leaked next single is makin[g] my ears bleed. Wait till you hear the real version."[3] A snippet of the song was performed on Saturday Night Live on October 3, 2009, along with "Poker Face" and "LoveGame".[4][5] The final version of the song premiered during the finale of Alexander McQueen's 2010 Paris Fashion Week show titled Plato's Atlantis,[6] and the song's release followed on October 19.[7] "Bad Romance" was released as the lead single from The Fame Monster (2009), Gaga's follow-up to her debut studio album, The Fame (2008).[8]

"Bad Romance" was one of the songs Gaga wrote in 2009 while touring. These songs were about the various abstract "monsters"—metaphors for her paranoias—she faced during the tour.[9][10] Gaga explained that she generally felt lonely when she was involved in a relationship and that she was attracted to men with whom romance never works.[11] The song explores her preference for such lonely relationships and her poor choice in men.[11] Gaga wrote the lyrics in Norway on her tour bus. She elaborated on the writing process in an interview with Grazia:

I was in Russia, then Germany, and spent a lot of time in Eastern Europe. There is this amazing German house-techno music, so I wanted to make a pop experimental record. I kind of wanted to leave the '80s a little bit, so the chorus is a '90s melody, which is what the inspiration was. There was certainly some whisky involved in the writing of the record. It's about being in love with your best friend.[12]

Music and lyrics

'Bad Romance'
A 30-second sample of "Bad Romance" where the chorus is played, supported by the 'Rah-rah' hook.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

"Bad Romance" is an electropop and dance-pop song with house, new wave and techno influences.[12][13][14] According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com by Sony/ATV Music Publishing, the song is set in common time with a metronome of 119 beats per minute. It is composed in the key of A minor; Gaga's vocal range spans from the low-note of E3 to the high-note of C5. The song follows in the chord progression of Am–C–F–C–G in the verses and F–G–Am–C–F–G–E–Am in the chorus.[15] It opens as Gaga sings a portion of the chorus, then transitions into the "Rah-rah—ah-ah-ah, Roma-roma-ma, Gaga-ooh-la-la" hook, which Gaga says is an abbreviation of the word "romance".[16] The song then plays sounds of drum beats and keyboards.[3] They are followed by the first verse and the pre-chorus as Gaga voices the lines, "You know that I want you, And you know that I need you, I want your bad, your bad romance". The full-throated chorus follows, where she sings, "I want your love, And I want your revenge, You and me could write a bad romance ... Caught in a bad romance".[3]

Critics noted the influence of others songs and artists on "Bad Romance". Gil Kaufman from MTV News compared the song's tempo to Gaga's number-one hit "Poker Face",[3] and Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine noticed influences from the 1980s music.[14] To Pitchfork journalist Scott Plagenhoef, Gaga's persona transformation reflected female musicians of similar vein, including Madonna, Britney Spears and Amy Winehouse, and Daniel Brockman of The Phoenix compared the song to works of the groups Boney M. and Depeche Mode.[17][18] In the verse, "I want your psycho, your vertigo shtick, Want you in my Rear Window, Baby, you're sick", Gaga is listing Alfred Hitchcock films. She said, "What I'm really trying to say is I want the deepest, darkest, sickest parts of you that you are afraid to share with anyone because I love you that much."[19]

Katrin Horn, a postdoctoral fellow in American studies at University of Erlangen–Nuremberg, found that "Bad Romance" works on two levels. Through the line "I don't wanna be friends", which explores the issue of falling in love with one's heterosexual best friend, the song resonates with the gay and lesbian youth, who account for a large proportion of Gaga's fans. On the other hand, the song thematizes Gaga's "bad romance" with fame and fortune. Horn interpreted the part "all your lovers' revenge" as Gaga referencing her fans' previous idols, and in the line "I want your love", Gaga is seeking applause from her fans when performing live.[20]

Simon Price from The Independent stated that the line "I want your ugly, I want your disease" established the grim tone of The Fame Monster.[21] The lyrics address aspects of a bad relationship, but also reference fashion during the song's bridge, with the line "Walk, walk fashion baby, Work it move that bitch crazy."[2][22] Brockman pinpointed the declarations of liberation "from a significant other".[17]

Critical reception

Gaga in a red bodysuit and hood, dancing at the center flanked by her dancers.
Gaga opening her 2011 Good Morning America set with "Bad Romance"

Critical reviews for "Bad Romance" were highly positive,[23] with praise for its chorus, beat and hook. Kaufman lauded the drastic transition into a bombastic "Erasure-esque throb" during the chorus,[24] called "relentlessly" catchy by Rolling Stone[24] and one of Gaga's best by Michael Hubbard of MusicOMH.[25] Christopher John Farley from The Wall Street Journal praised the "Jabberwockian" catchiness of the hook.[26] BBC critic Paul Lester summed up "Bad Romance" as a song with "cheesy rave synths, the now typically Gaga stomping beat and a controversy-lite lyric".[27]

Pitchfork placed "Bad Romance" at number 39 in its top 100 tracks of 2009, saying that it was "epic in construction",[28] and the Boston Public Health Commission included the single in its list of "Top 10 List of Songs with Unhealthy Relationship Ingredients".[29] Edna Gundersen of USA Today commented that the song was a "ferocious club thumper" that possessed a "sordid underbelly".[30] Mikael Wood of the Los Angeles Times wrote about the lead single's "turbocharged Euro-soul".[31] A critic from Rolling Stone felt that song made her name a "Teutonic chant".[32]

Writers from Rolling Stone, MTV News and Billboard compared "Bad Romance" to Gaga's previous singles, including "Poker Face". They felt it was not on par with them,[22] and lacked their instant catch.[3] Despite the reservation, the Billboard review commended the track's "wicked sex appeal".[33] In their reviews of the song, Kitty Empire of The Guardian and Jon Blistein from L Magazine compared Gaga to other artists. Empire wrote that "Bad Romance" made "this driven, uncharismatic Italian-American being [Gaga] the new Madonna"[34] and Blistein believed it was an amalgamation of a "Cher song", "faux-European accented verse" and "bland spoken-word bridge".[35]

Chart performance

In the US, "Bad Romance" debuted at number nine on the Billboard Hot 100 on November 14, 2009, making it Gaga's highest debuting song on the chart at the time. It sold 143,000 paid digital downloads in its first week.[36] After two weeks, the song reached number two, holding the spot for seven non-consecutive weeks. It was barred from the top position by Jay-Z's "Empire State of Mind" (featuring Alicia Keys) and later by Kesha's "Tik Tok". The movement to number two was first prompted by a 49% digital gain, and the song topped the Hot Digital Songs chart after selling 209,000 digital copies that week.[37] "Bad Romance" became Gaga's third-highest-peaking song on the Hot 100, behind "Just Dance" and "Poker Face".[37] As of February 2019, "Bad Romance" has sold 5.9 million copies in the US, according to Nielsen Soundscan,[38] making Gaga the second artist to have three singles—along with the two aforementioned songs—sell five million digital copies.[39][40] After Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) started including video streams in their tabulation of the single certifications, "Bad Romance" was certified 11× platinum for 11 million in sales and streaming.[41] On the Pop Songs, "Bad Romance" debuted at number 38,[42] and reached the top position, making it Gaga's fifth consecutive number one single on the chart.[43] The same week, it also topped the Hot Dance Club Songs chart.[43] According to Nielsen Broadcast Data Systems, it briefly set the record for most weekly plays in the 17-year history of the Pop Songs chart, registering 10,859 plays from 130 radio stations monitored for the chart.[44] Following Gaga's Super Bowl LI halftime show performance, "Bad Romance" re-entered the Hot 100 at number 50 and Digital Song Sales at number 9.[45] On the Canadian Hot 100, "Bad Romance" debuted at number 58,[46] and reached number one the following week, making it Gaga's third chart-topper in the country.[47] After being replaced by Kesha's "Tik Tok" for two weeks, "Bad Romance" returned to the top spot on the chart.[48] Music Canada certified "Bad Romance" septuple platinum, denoting download sales of 280,000 copies.[49]

After its release in the UK, "Bad Romance" debuted at number 14 on the UK Singles Chart.[50] In December 2009, it reached the top spot with 72,919 copies sold,[51] making it Gaga's third UK number-one single.[52] Gaga became the first woman in British chart history to have three number-one singles in one year.[a] In the first week of 2010, "Bad Romance" returned to the number one spot after two weeks, making Gaga the second female artist of the 21st century to have two separate runs at the top spot.[52] The song attained double platinum certification by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI), for 1.2 million equivalent units.[55] According to the British company Phonographic Performance Limited, the song was UK's most played in 2010.[56] The release of her single "Applause" in August 2013 prompted an increase in sales of "Bad Romance"; it sold one million copies in the UK, making Gaga one of 17 artists with a million-selling song in the country.[57][58] As of May 2020, it sold 1.05 million copies and had 40 million streams.[59]

On October 29, 2009, "Bad Romance" debuted on the Irish Singles Chart at number 20, reaching the top in its seventh week.[60][61] In Sweden, the song debuted at number three and reached the top after two weeks.[62] On the European Hot 100 Singles chart, "Bad Romance" spent two weeks at number one.[63] It topped the charts in Greece (for seven weeks), Austria, Belgium (Flanders and Wallonia), Czech Republic, Denmark, Germany, Finland, Netherlands, Norway and Switzerland.[64]

"Bad Romance" debuted at number 16 on the ARIA Singles Chart in Australia and at number 33 on the RIANZ Singles Chart in New Zealand.[65][66] The next week, the song was the greatest gainer on the Australian chart, rising to number three. In its seventh charting week, the song peaked at number two in Australia and at number three in New Zealand.[65][66] The song was certified quadruple platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) for shipment of 280,000 copies of the single.[67] The song sold 9.7 million copies worldwide in 2010,[68] and 12 million in total, becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time.[69][23]

Music video

Development

Francis Lawrence directed the music video.

In an interview with Rolling Stone, Gaga confirmed Francis Lawrence as the director of the music video and said that she was impressed with the final version.[70] She explained, "I knew [Lawrence's] ability as a director is so much higher than what I could [do]."[71] Her creative team Haus of Gaga managed the art direction,[70] and the final video premiered on November 10, 2009. Gaga described her experience of working with Lawrence:

I wanted somebody with a tremendous understanding of how to make a pop video, because my biggest challenge working with directors is that I am the director and I write the treatments and I get the fashion and I decide what it's about and it's very hard to find directors that will relinquish any sort of input from the artist ... But Francis and I worked together ... It was collaborative. He's a really pop video director and a filmmaker ... I knew he could execute the video in a way that I could give him all my weirdest, most psychotic ideas ... But it would come across to and be relevant to the public.[71]

Gaga and Lawrence developed the music video's concept.[72] It was initially planned to be shot in New York City, with more elaborate sets, including sets outdoors.[72] Owing to the low budget and a lack of product placement, this idea was scrapped.[72] Because of Gaga's schedule, it was shot in Los Angeles over a two-day period.[72] Lawrence was impressed with Gaga's work ethic and creativity during the video shoot; he praised her teamwork, punctuality and spontaneity, hoping to work with her again.[72]

Synopsis

Gaga's choreography from "Bad Romance" drew comparisons to the choreography from Michael Jackson's Thriller. The white latex suits in the video were inspired by the wolf costume from the film Where the Wild Things Are.[73]

The video's main idea is that Gaga gets kidnapped by supermodels who drug her and sell her to the Russian mafia for a million rubles. It takes place in a fluorescent white bathhouse.[71][74] The video begins as Gaga sits on a white throne in a brightly-lit white room with Johann Sebastian Bach's "Fugue No. 24" from WTC Book I BWV 869 playing in the background. Wearing razor-blade glasses, she is surrounded by people and a harlequin Great Dane. As she plays "Bad Romance" on an iPod speaker, a dimly-lit bathhouse is shown. A bright light pans across the walls, activating fluorescent lighting, which shines through a sign reading "Bath Haus of GaGa". As the song's first hook begins, Gaga and other women wearing white long-sleeved suits with knee-high boots and matching crowns crawl out of white, coffin-like pods, and begin dancing. A pastiche of ensuing scenes alternates between Gaga singing to herself in front of a mirror and lying in a bathtub.

During the chorus, two women pull Gaga out of the bathtub, rip her top clothing off and force her to drink a glass of vodka. As the second verse begins, Gaga, wearing a diamond-covered outfit topped with a crown, seductively dances for men bidding for her. She performs a lap dance for one of the men (played by Slovenian model Jurij Bradač),[75] who raises his bid to become the highest bidder for her. When the chorus is played for the third time, Gaga is shown wearing a faux-polar bear hide jacket. She walks toward the man, who is sitting on a bed, unbuttoning his shirt and drinking a glass of vodka. Looking indifferent, she removes her jacket and sunglasses. The bed spontaneously combusts while he is still sitting on it, and Gaga sings sinisterly in front of the flames. The video ends as she lies beside a smoldering skeleton on top of the destroyed bed covered in ashes. With soot smeared across her body, she calmly smokes a cigarette as her pyrotechnic bra activates.

Reception and thematic analysis

The video received general acclaim[76] for its fashion, choreography, futuristic set-piece, and costumes. Gaga, described by Christopher John Farley of The Wall Street Journal as "one of the few pop stars of the present time who really understood spectacle, fashion, shock, choreography" like Madonna and Michael Jackson in the 1980s,[26] was particularly praised for revitalizing performance art and putting thoughts and care into her products, to the point that Todd Martens of the Los Angeles Times believed the video was "worthy of a feature-length film".[77][78] Critics positively commented on her looks; they found her minimal use of make-up and the appearance of a "stripped down" and "real" Gaga refreshing.[79][80][81]

Media outlets noted the music video was reminiscent of the film Blade Runner (1982), Anubis Airlines from the television series True Blood (2008–2014), the works of filmmaker Stanley Kubrick and Michael Jackson's Thriller.[82][81][83] The comparison to the lattermost was made because of the scene with the coffin pods,[80] "twitchy [...] dance moves",[78] robotic, zombie-like arm movements and morbid theme.[79] Farley thought the video's shock art resembled Jackson's work during the 1980s.[26] For Evan Sawdey of PopMatters, it remained unclear whether Gaga deliberately paid homage to Thriller or used this as another excuse to wear "the mostweirdass [sic] outfits ever designed by mankind".[73]

In Lady Gaga: Behind the Fame, Emily Herbert drew comparisons between the underlying theme of the video and the theme of The Fame Monster—Gaga's relationship with fame. Herbert wrote, "Was this the price that Gaga had to pay for the fame she so desired? Did she feel as if she'd had to prostitute herself in some way? The themes were all based around sex, decadence, and corruption; alcohol and even cigarettes, twenty-first century society's biggest no-no, were present, and so by implication ... drugs."[76] Jocelyn Vena from MTV News and Troy Peterson of Slate believed that the video was symbolic. As it begins with Gaga around people representing her characters from The Fame videos, she is immediately kidnapped, drugged and changed into "the super-sexy, somewhat spooky Fame Monster version". Vena interpreted this as Gaga reinventing her image and being someone who likes to "push the boundaries and explor[e] all manner of sexual proclivities". She felt that the video was a testament to Gaga's brilliance as an artist who uses her videos to visualize the start of her career's next phase.[81] Peterson found religious symbolism in the video. He believed, for example, that the scenes with Gaga in the bathtub represented baptism and the women with martini were performing communion.[84]

Gaga's "insect" dress was compared to a female mantis who sometimes eats her mates after copulation.[85]

Gaga created a pair of razor-blade sunglasses—which she believed portrayed tough female spirit—to wear in the video, explaining, "It's meant to be, 'This is my shield, this is my weapon, this is my inner sense of fame, this is my monster."[71] In the book Resilience & Melancholy: Pop Music, Feminism, Neoliberalism, author Robin James found Gaga's style in the video to be heavily inspired by goth fashion and aesthetics, including the Victorian-esque furniture and razor-blade eyeglasses. By visualizing "goth monstrosity", Gaga showcases sexual norms and identities to display the struggle she overcomes. For example, the words "Bath Haus of GaGa" in the video allude to "gay bathhouses" and English goth band Bauhaus, and her nude scene highlights her thin body's "grotesqueness" and vertebrae, which look like the ridges on a reptile's back.[86] James associated the "disgusting, distorted, monstrous bodies and movements" with the sexism Gaga faces. She described the video as Gaga's "conquest of the male gaze, the traffic in women and rape culture", which she felt was highlighted in Gaga's "insect" suit with Alexander McQueen's 12-inch (300 mm) armadillo heels resembling lobster-claws—a reference to a female mantis who cannibalizes her mates after copulation.[87][85]

Gaga said that the human trafficking in the video is a metaphor for the music industry's treatment of women as a "commodity".[88] In the video, she kills her captor using a sparkling, pyrotechnic bra after having had sex with him. According to sociologist Mathieu Deflem of University of South Carolina, the bra represents Gaga's thoughts on society perceiving female breasts as a "weapon" when they are simply part of a woman's body.[89] Author Annette Lynch found the bra a symbol for empowerment, writing that Gaga uses her sexuality to defeat the villain.[90] During this scene, Gaga is seen calmly smoking a cigarette, which to Gilad Padva in Journal of LGBT Youth indicated that she liked the sexual encounter with her captor, who dies after being exploited by a "voracious" Gaga—an "unruly woman"[b] prioritizing her own satisfaction over attempting to please her male partner. Padva found that this comically reversed "hegemonic [hetro]sexuality", where the submissive and exploited is now dominating and exploiting.[91] In the book The Performance Identities of Lady Gaga: Critical Essays, Richard Gray believed by overpowering her captor, Gaga redefined gender roles and subverted male fantasies of "fetishistic scopophilia" and "sadistic voyeurism" as evident in the scene where Gaga is forced to strip almost naked and dance for her buyers.[92]

Accolades and impact

Rolling Stone ranked the song at number nine on their list of the "25 Best Songs of 2009",[93] and also included it in their 2021 update of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, on the 482nd spot.[94] On February 13, 2011, the single won the Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance.[95] In 2015, Billboard named the song as "The Biggest Hot 100 Hit to Peak at No. 2", describing it as a "modern classic".[96] The review aggregate website Acclaimed Music currently has it listed as the 9th best song of 2009 based upon various year end lists by mainstream critics.[97] A 2017 journal published by Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts studying structural patterns in the melodies of earworm songs compiled lists of catchiest tracks from 3,000 participants, in which "Bad Romance" ranked number one.[98]

"If there's one song that defines Lady Gaga, it's this one. A highly successful blend of pop and synth maximalism, 'Bad Romance' was a tour de force by all accounts: brilliant lyrics; a shimmery, fashion-forward music video; record-breaking sales; and Lady Gaga's singular voice at its most guttural and raw."

—Britt Julious, Elle (2019)[99]

Media outlets Rolling Stone, Billboard, The Guardian, Vulture, Uproxx and Glamour ranked "Bad Romance" as Gaga's best song.[c] They believed it defined the late 2000s,[102] "completed her transformation into a truly fearless, all-encompassing artist",[102] epitomized the "essence of Gagaism"[24] and captured "her grandiose aesthetic, daring songwriting, lyrical flourishes and dramatic vocal flair".[100] Uproxx stated that the song had elements that influenced Gaga's later work—"pure pop melodies, nods to her love for '80s and '90s dance, pop culture references [...] a radio-friendly chorus that sticks on the charts like honey, and a hefty dose of 'WTF' weirdness that keeps the singer in her own lane".[103] Author Constantine Chatzipapatheodoridis cited "Bad Romance" as one of the signature songs on The Fame Monster, in which Gaga immersed in "her stylized profile of the 'mad artist'", who challenged traditional gender norms and sexuality.[105] Calling "Bad Romance" one of the "most memorable pop singles" of the late 2000s, El Hunt of NME credits the song with establishing Gaga as an icon.[106]

In May 2010, "Bad Romance" became the first video to reach 200 million views on YouTube,[107] becoming the most-viewed video there;[108] it was surpassed by Justin Bieber's "Baby" in July 2010.[109] In December 2018, the video reached 1 billion views.[110] The music video received 10 nominations at the 2010 MTV Video Music Awards—Best Cinematography, Best Editing, Best Art Direction, Best Special Effects, Best Choreography, Best Direction, Best Dance Video, Best Pop Video, Best Female Video and Video of the Year. It tied with Peter Gabriel's "Sledgehammer" for the record of most nominations for a single video in the history of the MTV Video Music Award. The video won in seven categories.[111] It received the Grammy Award for Best Short Form Music Video.[95] Time magazine included "Bad Romance" on its list of best music videos since the 1980s. Its author Claire Suddath said that although Gaga's subsequent videos were more elaborate, "Bad Romance" was Gaga at her best.[112]

In 2011, "Bad Romance" was voted the best video of the 2000s by readers of Billboard, narrowly beating Britney Spears's "Toxic".[113] The magazine additionally called it a "culture-breaking moment"[114] and ranked it first in its list of 100 Greatest Music Videos of the 21st Century, crediting it with establishing Gaga's fan base, known as Little Monsters. "It offered a glimpse into an entire cinematic world that thrilled and disturbed in equal measure, expanding the possibilities of what a music video could achieve — and challenging other stars to step their game up at the same time", wrote Billboard in its listing. "With 'Bad Romance,' she took the old standard for great music videos and set it aflame, then got to work building a new one."[115]

Live performances

See also: List of Lady Gaga live performances
Gaga performing the song during the revamped Monster Ball Tour in a mirrored dress and headpiece (2010)

"Bad Romance" was first performed on Saturday Night Live in October 2009, where Gaga sang a part of it. She wore an outfit called "The Orb", designed by Nasir Mazhar and her creative team Haus of Gaga.[5] After finishing her performance of "LoveGame", Gaga sat at her piano and played an acoustic version of the chorus of "Bad Romance".[3][116] She performed the song on the television show Gossip Girl in the episode "The Last Days of Disco Stick".[117] It took place at a private party arranged by the character Blair Waldorf.[118] In an interview with MTV, Gaga explained that she did not want the performance to be out of tune with the show's storyline, so she worked with the scriptwriters to incorporate it into the plot. The performance included ladders symbolizing bad luck and featured Gaga wearing a 35-foot (11 m) long dress.[119] According to the show's executive producer Stephanie Savage, the song incorporated a few Gossip Girl-specific lyrics.[117] On the show, Gaga emerged from two giant doors wearing a large red gown and climbed up a ladder, where she sang parts of the song while surrounded by her male dancers.[120]

Gaga performed "Bad Romance" and "Speechless" at the 2009 American Music Awards. She was dressed in a flesh-colored bodysuit wrapped with white piping and embedded with flashing lights, imitating rib cage and a spine. She danced to "Bad Romance" on stage, breaking open a glass door with the microphone stand.[121] Gaga next performed the song on The Jay Leno Show, where she wore black sunglasses and a black jacket with shoulder pads that extended above her head. Her male back-up dancers were dressed in black suits and S&M-inspired headgear.[122] Gaga then performed the song on television shows: The Ellen DeGeneres Show in November 2009,[123] the British TV show The X Factor in December 2009[124] and The Oprah Winfrey Show in January 2010.[125] "Bad Romance" was performed as the last song of Gaga's worldwide concert series, The Monster Ball Tour (2009–2011). During the original version of the show, she wore a 1980s-inspired white power suit with high shoulders and high-waisted pants.[126] On the revamped version, she appeared on stage inside a gyroscope for "Bad Romance", while wearing a mirrored dress and headpiece. Remarking on Gaga's "tremendous ambition and passion for her fans", Diana Benati of The Riverfront Times wrote, "Few people on this little blue marble have the ability or the opportunity to affect so many people on a daily basis. She stole [...] hearts".[127]

In July 2010, Gaga sang "Bad Romance" on NBC's Today, along with "Alejandro", "Teeth" and "You and I".[128] In May 2011, Gaga performed the song during Radio 1's Big Weekend in Carlisle, Cumbria.[129] She included the track as the opening number on Good Morning America, as a part of their 2011 Summer Concert Series. Gaga entered the stage flying on a harness and stretching out her hands toward the audience as steam billowed from center-stage. As the song started, she changed to red fishnet stockings with black felt pieces, a red leotard and black lace boots. Katie Kindelan of ABC News noted her "trademark outrageous fashion".[130]

Gaga in a white bodysuit with large sleeves and a feathered mask
Gaga performing "Bad Romance" during her Joanne World Tour (2017–18)

The song was added to the set list for Gaga's Born This Way Ball (2012–2013). Miguel Dumaual of ABS-CBNnews.com felt her performance "suffers from a little too much auto-dancing, -singing, and all-around hip gyrating".[131] In 2014, "Bad Romance" was included on the setlist of her show at South by Southwest (SXSW), where she performed it as a country version,[132] and was also part of her residency show, Lady Gaga Live at Roseland Ballroom, where she strapped on a rose-covered keytar during the song.[133] The same year, Gaga performed the track on her ArtRave: The Artpop Ball tour.[134] In July 2016, Gaga performed it in a piano medley along with "You and I" and the Beatles' "Come Together" at the "Camden Rising" concert at the BB&T Pavilion in Camden, New Jersey, which was part of the 2016 Democratic National Convention.[135] In November 2016, she appeared in the Carpool Karaoke segment of The Late Late Show with James Corden, and sang the track in the car with Corden.[136]

Gaga closed her set at the Super Bowl LI halftime show with "Bad Romance", wearing a silver, sequined Versace outfit with a shoulder pad-inspired jacket and hot pants.[137] The song was performed alongside "Poker Face" as an encore during both weekends that Gaga headlined Coachella in 2017.[138] On the Joanne World Tour (2017–2018) the singer performed "Bad Romance" wearing a white origami-like jacket and a crystal embellished bodysuit with a matching white feathery masquerade mask and Giuseppe Zanotti booties.[139][140] She also performed the song in a piano-only rendition at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival, before the world premier of her documentary, Gaga: Five Foot Two.[141] The song is performed during Lady Gaga Enigma + Jazz & Piano (2018–2021), the singer's Las Vegas residency, which involves two different shows. During the Enigma shows, Gaga performs it in a gold color latex outfit,[142][143] while on the Jazz and Piano show, she performs a stripped-down version of the song.[144]

Cover versions

On March 14, 2010, Marko Hietala from Nightwish covered the song on the Finnish choir-singing TV show Kuorosota.[145] Hayley Williams, the lead singer from the band Paramore, covered a piano version of the song and posted it on her Twitter page on March 28, 2010.[146][147] On March 29, 2010, Thirty Seconds to Mars covered the song in BBC Radio 1's Live Lounge.[148][149] The cover was later released as a bonus track on the deluxe edition of the band's album This Is War and reached number 11 on the UK Rock Chart.[150] Glee performed it during one of its episodes titled "Theatricality", as a group number for which the actors donned Lady Gaga outfits. When glee club New Directions member Rachel Berry discovers that rival glee club Vocal Adrenaline are planning to perform a Lady Gaga number at Regionals, the character Will (Matthew Morrison) sets the club a Gaga assignment. The girls and Kurt then create costumes inspired by Gaga and perform "Bad Romance".[151] The version sold 48,000 digital downloads according to Nielsen Soundscan, and entered the Billboard Hot 100 at 54, staying on the chart for one week.[152] Guitarist Jeff Beck performed the instrumental version of the song while touring in 2011.[153]

The cast of Glee covered the song during the episode titled "Theatricality"

Singer Lissie posted a cover of the song on YouTube. Her version of "Bad Romance" received praise from filmmaker David Lynch[154] and The Washington Post writer David Malitz, who included it on "Click Track – Singles Files", the newspaper's weekly playlist.[155] The Grandmono Orchestra also covered the song, with Dutch singer Caro Emerald, on June 1, 2011. This was included as a bonus track on Caro's debut album, Deleted Scenes from the Cutting Room Floor, and has received many positive criticisms.[156] Singer Lulu and actor Cuba Gooding, Jr. performed a version of "Bad Romance" as a duet during the August 5, 2011, episode of Chris Moyles' Quiz Night on Channel 4 in the UK.[157] At the 46th Annual Songwriters Hall of Fame Awards, Linda Perry sang the song in a slowed down rendition, before Tony Bennett present the Contemporary Icon Award to Gaga.[158] In 2015, actress Meryl Streep recorded the song for her film, Ricki and the Flash.[159]

The song was briefly played on violin by Geoffrey Rush, portraying Albert Einstein in a promo for the National Geographic Channel historical anthology series Genius. The ad aired during Super Bowl LI, immediately following Lady Gaga's halftime performance.[160][161] Brazilian singer Luiza Possi covered "Bad Romance" in May 2017 during Domingão do Faustão.[162] She later sang it during the encore of a show in tribute to singer Michael Jackson, which took place in July 2017.[163] On September 11, 2019, Kelly Clarkson sang it during her talk show, The Kelly Clarkson Show, on the premiere of the Kellyoke segment.[164] Also in 2019, the song was included in the second opener of the musical Moulin Rouge!, sung in a medley with "Tainted Love", "Seven Nation Army", "Toxic", and "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)".[165]

Track listing and formats

Personnel

Credits adapted from the liner notes of The Fame Monster.[2]

Management

Credits

Charts

Certifications and sales

Certifications and sales for "Bad Romance"
Region Certification Certified units/sales
Australia (ARIA)[67] 4× Platinum 280,000^
Belgium (BEA)[271] Gold 15,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[49] 7× Platinum 280,000*
Denmark (IFPI Danmark)[272] Platinum 30,000^
France (SNEP)[273] Platinum 250,000*
Germany (BVMI)[274] 3× Gold 450,000‡
Italy (FIMI)[275] 2× Platinum 40,000*
Japan (RIAJ)[276]
Digital single 		Gold 100,000*
Japan (RIAJ)[277]
Ringtone 		Gold 100,000*
New Zealand (RMNZ)[278] 2× Platinum 30,000*
Norway (IFPI Norway)[279] 8× Platinum 480,000‡
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[280] 2× Platinum 80,000*
Sweden (GLF)[281] 2× Platinum 40,000‡
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[282] Platinum 30,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[55] 2× Platinum 1,050,000[59]
United States (RIAA)[41] Diamond 11,000,000[38]
Summaries
Worldwide — 12,000,000[69]

* Sales figures based on certification alone.
^ Shipments figures based on certification alone.
‡ Sales+streaming figures based on certification alone.

Release history

Release dates and formats for "Bad Romance"
Region Date Format Version Label Ref.
France October 19, 2009 Radio airplay Original Universal [283]
October 23, 2009 Digital download Interscope [284]
Ireland Universal [285]
United Kingdom October 25, 2009 [286]
United States October 26, 2009 Interscope [287]
Finland October 27, 2009 Universal [288]
Germany [289]
Norway [290]
Spain [291]
Sweden [288]
United States November 10, 2009 Contemporary hit radio Interscope [292]
United Kingdom November 19, 2009 CD single Polydor [170]
Various November 23, 2009 7-inch single
  • Interscope
  • Polydor
 [171]
Italy November 27, 2009 Radio airplay Universal [293]
Various December 21, 2009 Digital download Remixes Interscope [294]
United States January 12, 2010 CD single [172]
France January 18, 2010 Original Polydor [295]
Various February 9, 2010 Digital download Remixes Part 2 Interscope [174]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Gaga previously reached the top position with her singles "Just Dance" and "Poker Face" in 2009.[53][54]
  2. ^ The author cites Kathleen Rowe's Unruly Woman: Gender and Genres of Laughter to define an "unruly woman" as someone who refuses to adhere to her "proper place", assertively expresses her desire and is hated for her independent nature.[91]
  3. ^ Attributed to multiple references:[24][100][101][102][103][104]

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