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Highways in Hungary

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Highways in Hungary in February 2022. Dark blue lines depicts sections in use, turquoise lines show sections under construction, while light gray represents proposed highways.

Controlled-access highways in Hungary are dual carriageways, grade separated with controlled-access, designed for high speeds. The legislation amendments defined two types of highways: motorways (Hungarian: autópálya) and expressways (Hungarian: autóút).

The main differences are that motorways have emergency lanes and the maximum allowed speed limit is 130 km/h (81 mph), while expressways may be built without them and the speed limit is 110 km/h (68 mph).

According to the Állami Autópályakezelő Zrt. ("State Motorway Management Plc."), the total length of the Hungarian motorway system was 1,646 kilometers in 2020.[1] The construction of the Hungarian motorway system started in 1964 with M7, which finished in 1975 between Budapest and the Lake Balaton. The total length of the system reached 200 km in 1980, 500 km in 1998 and 1000 km in 2007.

The Hungarian motorway network currently comprises 13 motorways, 13 expressways, of which 18 of them are at least partially operational, and 12 (M1, M5, M7, M15, M19, M25, M30, M31, M35, M43, M51 and M70) have been completed as of October 2021.

Highway system

Motorways and Expressways

The following is a list of all existing and/or under construction highways in Hungary. Motorways in Hungary (; in Hungarian: autópálya), are defined as two-lane motorways in each direction, with emergency lane. The speed limit is 130 km/h or 80 mph. Expressways (; in Hungarian: autóút) are defined as dual carriageways with lower standards than that of a motorway, but with the same restrictions. Speed limit is 110 km/h or 70 mph. Road signs are white shield on blue and the abbreviation for both types of highways is M.

Sign E-roads Class Route Planned
total length
(km) 		In use U/C
(km)[2] 		Map
From Via To (km)[2] %

Biatorbágy
( ) 		Törökbálint ( ) – Budafok-Tétény ( ) – Dunaharaszti ( ) – Gyál ( ) – Vecsés ( ) – Nagytarcsa ( ) – Újpalota ( ) – Dunakeszi ( ) – Üröm Budaörs
( ) 		109 77 71% 0

Budapest Budaörs ( ) - Biatorbágy ( ) - Tatabánya - Kisigmánd ( ) - Győr( ) - Levél ( ) - Mosonmagyaróvár Hegyeshalom
Austria 		171 171 100% N/A
Dunakeszi
( ) 		Vác – Rétság Hont–Parassapuszta
Slovakia 		68 30 44% 0

Budapest
( ) 		Gödöllő ( ) – Kál ( ) – Emőd ( ) – Görbeháza ( ) – Nyíregyháza – Őr ( ) – Vásárosnamény ( ) Beregdaróc
Ukraine 		307 280 91% 0
/ Budapest Vecsés ( ) – Abony ( ) – Szolnok – Püspökladány – Berettyóújfalu ( ) Nagykereki
Romania 		223 130 58% 0
Budapest Gyál ( ) – Kecskemét ( ) – Szeged ( ) Röszke
Serbia 		173 173 100% N/A
Budapest
( ) 		Budafok-Tétény ( ) – Dunaújváros ( ) – Szekszárd ( ) – Bóly ( ) Ivándárda
Croatia 		212 193 91% 19
Budapest Törökbálint ( ) – Székesfehérvár ( ) – Balatonfőkajár ( ) – Siófok – Hollád ( ) – Nagykanizsa Letenye
( ) Croatia 		233 233 100% N/A
Balatonfőkajár
( ) 		Sárbogárd ( ) – Dunaújváros ( ) – Kecskemét ( ) – Nagykőrös ( ) Abony
( ) 		163 8 5% 0
Szekszárd
( ) 		Nemesnádudvar 31 21 68% 0
Levél
( ) 		Rajka
Slovakia 		15 15 100% N/A
Győr East
( ) 		Győr North 9 9 100% N/A
Kál East
( ) 		Eger 18 18 100% N/A
Emőd
( ) 		Miskolc Tornyosnémeti
Slovakia 		86 86 100% N/A
Nagytarcsa
( ) 		Gödöllő
( ) 		12 12 100% N/A
Görbeháza
( ) 		Debrecen Berettyóújfalu
( ) 		69 69 100% N/A
Szeged
( ) 		Makó Csanádpalota
Romania 		58 58 100% N/A
Nagykőrös
( ) 		Szarvas Békéscsaba 111 80 72% 14
Budapest
( ) 		(section of the former route of ) Budapest
( ) 		4 4 100% N/A
Bóly ( ) Pécs – Szigetvár ( ) Barcs
Croatia 		97 32 33% 0
Letenye ( ) Tornyiszentmiklós
Slovenia 		21 21 100% N/A
Hollád ( ) Keszthely – Zalaegerszeg Körmend
( ) 		83 9 11% 0
Körmend
( ) 		Rábafüzes
Austria 		28 27 96% 1
Győr
( ) 		Pápa 36 0 0% 36
Győr
( ) 		Csorna ( ) Sopron
Austria 		95 89 94% 6
Körmend
( ) 		Szombathely ( ) – Csorna ( ) Levél ( ) 122 64 53% 0
Szombathely
( ) 		Kőszeg
Austria 		22 1 5% 0

Major motorways

M1
M1 between Budapest and Tatabánya

The M1 starts from the western part of Budapest, it connects the Hungarian capital with Győr and northwestern part of Hungary, towards Vienna. The motorway is part of the Pan-European Corridor IV, and European route E60, E65 and E75. Average daily traffic is 75,510 near Budapest and 56,421 vehicles/day near Győr.[3] The construction of the motorway began 1964, it took more than thirty years to reach Hegyeshalom and the Austrian border. Its significance has increased since the change of regime in 1990, and today it is the most important western connection in Hungary.

Main junctions:

M3
M3 in Kisbag rest area

The M3 starts from north-eastern part of Budapest, it connects the Hungarian capital with Nyíregyháza and northeast part of Hungary, towards Mukachevo. The motorway is part of the Venice-Trieste-Ljubljana-Budapest-Lviv-Kyiv line Central-East Europe Corridor V, and European route E71, E79, E573 and E579. This is one of the most important route of the Hungarian motorway and road network, the southwest-north-eastern diagonal main line of traffic forming part of Budapest. Through Ukraine, Eastern Europe, and through Slovakia, creates a highway connection to the countries of north-eastern Europe.

Main junctions:

M5
M5 near Lajosmizse

The M5 starts from Budapest, it connects the Hungarian capital with Szeged and southeast part of Hungary, towards Belgrade. It was the third motorway in Hungary that reached the border. The motorway is part of the Pan-European Corridor X, and European route E75. The motorway was built in the 1980s and reached the Serbian border in March 2006.

Main junctions:

M6
M6 near Százhalombatta

The M6 starts from Budapest (M0-M6 Interchange), it connects the Hungarian capital with Mohács, on the right bank of the Danube in the south, towards Osijek and Sarajevo. The motorway is part of the European route E73. The final section reaching the border is currently under construction with a planned opening date in 2024. The connecting Croatian section is scheduled to be delivered a year earlier.

Main junctions:

M7
M7 at Köröshegy Viaduct

The M7 starts from western part of Budapest, it connects the Hungarian capital with Lake Balaton and southwestern part of Hungary, towards Zagreb. The motorway is part of the Pan-European Corridor V, and European route E71. Average daily traffic is 62,779 near Budapest and 49,273 vehicles/day near Székesfehérvár.[3] The motorway was built in the 1960s and reached the Croatian border in October 2008.

Main junctions:

  • Pentele Bridge in M8
    Pentele Bridge in M8
  • M15 near Rajka
    M15 near Rajka
  • Sajó Bridge in M30
    Sajó Bridge in M30
  • M35 near Derecske
    M35 near Derecske
  • M43 near Szeged-Sándorfalva
    M43 near Szeged-Sándorfalva
  • M60 near Kozármisleny
    M60 near Kozármisleny
  • Eastern section of M0
    Eastern section of M0
  • M2 near Vác
    M2 near Vác
  • The end of M9 near Dusnok
    The end of M9 near Dusnok
  • Korongi Bridge in M70
    Korongi Bridge in M70
  • M85-M86 near Csorna
    M85-M86 near Csorna
  • M86 near Szombathely
    M86 near Szombathely

Planned Highways

List of planned highways (motorways and expressways)

Sign E-roads Class Route Planned
total length
(km) 		Planning
status 		Map
From Via To
Budapest
( ) 		Pilisvörösvár – Kesztölc ( ) Esztergom
Slovakia 		34 km under
planning
Abony
( ) 		Kál
( ) 		63 km under
planning
Vásárosnamény
( ) 		Záhony
Ukraine 		39 km under
planning
Őr
( ) 		Mátészalka Csenger
Romania 		45 km under
planning
Sárbogárd
( ) 		Kisigmánd ( ) – Székesfehérvár ( ) Komárom
Slovakia 		114 km under
planning
Hollád
( ) 		Kaposvár – Szigetvár ( ), then Bóly ( ) – Tompa Szeged
( ) 		90 + 131 km under
planning
Bicske
( ) 		Kesztölc
( ) 		32 km under
planning

Rapid Roads

A third tier of highways, called 'Rapid Road' (in Hungarian: Gyorsút), was introduced in a 2015 Government Decree.[4] Rapid roads were defined as dual carriageways with lower standards than that of an expressway, and the level intersection (e.g., traffic light node, roundabout) is permissible. Similarly to expressways, the speed limit was defined as 110 km/h or 70 mph. The concept was abandoned in 2018, with some Rapid Roads upgraded as expressways, and others becoming 2x2 lane main roads.

This is a list of previously planned Rapid Roads:

Number Route Length Note
R8 Székesfehérvár - Herend 58  km name changed back to main road
- Esztergom ?  km replaced with expressways and
Hatvan - Somoskőújfalu ?  km name changed back to main road
- Kaposvár 46 km renamed to main road
Győr ( ) - Pápa 36 km upgraded to expressway
Main road 5 near Kecskemét.
Main road 21 near Zagyvaszántó.

Main roads with 2x2 traffic lanes

Toll requirements

Hungarian highway network. Legend of sections:
  completed
  under construction or planned

The e-vignette user charge system applies to motorcycles, passenger cars and their trailers, as well as cargo vehicles with a maximum permissible gross weight of 3.5 tonnes, campers and buses, and their trailers. These vehicles are authorized to use the Hungarian toll speedway network's roads exclusively with pre-purchased –purchased prior to entering a toll speedway section– road use authorization, i.e. e-vignettes. The amount of toll charges depends on the category of the vehicle and the type of the e-vignette. The category of the motor vehicles must be determined according to the official entry that appears in the vehicle registration certificate, based on the maximum permissible gross weight of the motor vehicle and the number of persons it is allowed to transport.[5]

Hungarian system has 2 main type in terms of salary.

1, time-based fee vignettes (E-matrica) with a validity of either 10 days (2975 HUF), 1 month (4780 HUF) or 1 year (42980 HUF). The following motorway sections are toll-free for cars up to 3.5 t:[6]

  • the following sections of the M0 expressway: - 63 km
    • the section between Main Road 1 (exit -1) and the M5 motorway (exit 32),
    • the section between M4 expressway (exit 41) and M3 motorway (exit 68),
    • Megyeri Bridge (the section between Main Road 11 and Main Road 2), (exit 74-77).
  • the M31 motorway - 12 km
  • the section of M4 expressway (sign of Main Road 4) between the road leading from Vecsés to Budapest Liszt Ferenc International Airport (section between km section 19+550 and km section 20+518)
  • the M8 motorway
  • the Pécs south-west loop section of the M60 motorway between roads no. 58 (exit 30) and 5826 (exit 32) - 2 km
2, regional vignettes

History

Development of the overall length (at the end of):

Year 1964 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1996 2002 2006 2010 2014 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Length in km 7 85 136 213 302 361 440 638 967 1,290 1,382 1,481 1,489 1,524 1,600 1,740
Year Length (km) Year Length (km) Year Length (km)
1964 7 2003 667 2013 1,361
1970 85 2004 717 2014 1,370
1975 136 2005 803 2015 1,447
1980 213 2006 967 2016 1,481
1985 302 2007 1,037 2017 1,490
1990 361 2008 1,113 2018 1,524
1996 440 2009 1,118 2019 1,600
2001 571 2010 1,290 2020 1,740
2002 638 2011 1,321 2021 1,851
IEA-PVPS,[7]

Hungarian highways network since 1964

500
1,000
1,500
2,000
1964
1975
1985
1996
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
2020

[8]

Italic text'Italic text== Opening of new highway sections == Construction of new motorways in recent years has been hampered due to corruption scandals and austerity measures as well as owing to new European rules under which old EIA assessments lapsed. In the coming years, the highway network expansion focuses on connecting all major cities into the highway network, and on the completion of highways in the border region of Hungary. Construction of non-radial roads continues to be slow.

Sign From To Length Construction started Planned opening Notes
Győr Tét 17.6 km 10/2020 Q4/2023[9] connects the city of Pápa into the highway system
Tét Pápa 18.4 km 10/2020 Q4/2023[10] connects the city of Pápa into the highway system
Bóly Ivándárda 20 km 07/2021 Q1/2024[11] extends the motorway to the border with Croatia
Lakitelek Szentkirály 4.6 km 02/2020 Q1/2024[12]
Sopron North (Fertőrákos) Sopron North-West 4.0 km 12/2019 Q3/2024[13] includes a 780 m long tunnel
Kecskemét (M5) Szentkirály 32.3 km 03/2022 Q1/2025[14] completes M44 and connects the city of Békéscsaba into the highway system

See also

References

  1. ^ Állami Autópályakezelő Zrt. (ÁAK) (2013). "Az ÁAK által kezelt úthálózat részletes adatai (2013)". Nemzetiutdij.hu. Archived from the original on 2015-03-23. Retrieved 2015-05-14.
  2. ^ a b "Podnikateľský plán 2019" [Business plan 2019] (PDF). ndsas.sk (in Slovak). Národná diaľničná spoločnosť, a.s. 2018-11-06. p. 42. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-04-28.
  3. ^ a b "Az autópálya-hálózat forgalmi menedzsment tervének elõkészítõ vizsgálatai – forgalmi elemzések" (PDF) (in Hungarian). ktenet.hu.
  4. ^ 1784/2015. (X. 30.) Korm. határozat
  5. ^ "National Toll Payment Services PLC". toll-charge.hu.
  6. ^ "National Toll Payment Services PLC". toll-charge.hu.
  7. ^ http://www.irena.org/DocumentDownloads/Publications/IRENA_RE_Capacity_Statistics_2017.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  8. ^ This list contains the limited-access roads (expressways) in Hungary with (at least) four traffic lanes and median.
  9. ^ "Indul az építkezés: 36 kilométernyi négysávos úttal gazdagodik Észak-Dunántúl". Nif.hu. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  10. ^ "Indul az építkezés: 36 kilométernyi négysávos úttal gazdagodik Észak-Dunántúl". Nif.hu. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  11. ^ "Letették az M6 autópálya befejező szakaszának szakasz alapkövét". Nif.hu. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  12. ^ "Békéscsaba megközelítése - M44 Szentkiraly-Lakitelek". Nif.hu. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  13. ^ "Sopron megközelítése, M85 autóút Fertőrákos csomópont – Sopron oh. szakasz a 8647. jelű Sopron ÉNy-i elkerülő úttal alapkövét". Nif.hu. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
  14. ^ "Megkezdődnek a munkák az M44 gyorsforgalmi út M5 autópálya és Szentkirály közötti szakaszán". Nif.hu. Retrieved 2022-06-29.
General
  • Magyarország autóatlasz (Road atlas of Hungary), Dimap-Szarvas, Budapest, 2004
  • Magyarország autóatlasz (Road atlas of Hungary), Dimap-Szarvas, Budapest, 2013
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