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Prosecution of Donald Trump in New York

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Prosecution of Donald Trump in New York
Part of the post-presidency and legal affairs of Donald Trump
A photograph of a crowd of people standing outside of Trump Tower. NYPD officers are dispersed in the crowd.
Protesters at Trump Tower on March 21, 2023, when Trump had claimed he would be indicted
DateMarch 30, 2023; 15 months ago (2023-03-30)
LocationNew York City, U.S.
TypeIndictment by grand jury
Participants
ChargesPending
This article is part of
a series about
Donald Trump
Business and personal
45th President of the United States
Tenure
Policies
Appointments
Presidential campaigns
Impeachments
Prosecutions
Interactions involving Russia
COVID-19 pandemic

Donald Trump's signature

Seal of the President of the United States

On March 30, 2023, Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States who served from 2017 to 2021, was indicted by a Manhattan grand jury for his alleged role in a scandal stemming from hush money payments made to adult film actress Stormy Daniels prior to the 2016 presidential election.[1][2][3] He is the first U.S. president in American history to be indicted.[4][5][6] The indictment is believed to concern falsified business records regarding the payments.[7] Its content, including its charge(s), are publicly undisclosed.[8] Two "sources familiar with the matter" told NBC News he faces around 30 fraud-related charges.[9]

The indictment was filed with the New York Supreme Court (which is the ordinary trial court in the state of New York and not the final court of appeal for the state) at the end of the business day on March 30 and remains sealed.[10] Trump, who resides in Florida, may have to travel to New York City for the formal arrest and the first court hearing.[11] During his investigation, he verbally attacked his prosecutor, district attorney Alvin Bragg and accused him of having political motivations.[12]

Analysts do not expect Trump to be publicly arrested, as his lawyers may be in communication with prosecutors to arrange a surrender.[13] One of them, Joe Tacopina, said he will turn himself in on the afternoon of April 4, 2023.[14][15] Alina Habba, his lawyer in a different case, expects him to be fingerprinted and photographed at the New York courthouse, and that the Secret Service will be involved with travel discussions.[16]

Trump said he will remain a candidate in the upcoming 2024 presidential election.[8] Criminal charges do not legally preclude Trump from running for office.[7][17] He and his aides were surprised at the news, expecting it weeks later or not at all.[18] They thought prosecutors would first inform his lawyers, instead they learned about the event from the press.[19] Political sectarianism increased in response.[20]

Background

Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal

Main article: Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal
A blond white woman with a pink dress and long earrings smiling while looking at the camera.
Donald Trump was indicted for his role in instructing Michael Cohen to pay US$130,000 to Stormy Daniels.

In July 2006, Stormy Daniels, an American pornographic film actress, met Trump at a celebrity golf tournament in Nevada; at the time, Trump was the host of the reality TV series The Apprentice and was married to Melania Knauss. Their son, Barron Trump, had just been born.[21] According to Daniels, Trump invited her to his penthouse at Harrah's Lake Tahoe[22] and had an affair with her, telling her that he could make her a guest on The Apprentice. In 2011, Daniels considered selling the story to the celebrity magazine Life & Style for US$15,000 as Trump began exploring a potential presidential bid. His lawyer, Michael Cohen, threatened to sue Life & Style when it asked the Trump Organization for comment. Daniels' agent, Gina Rodriguez, leaked the story to gossip blog the Dirty in October. The post was taken down by Trump's lawyers, and Daniels refuted the story's veracity.[23]

As Trump's 2016 presidential campaign began, Rodriguez approached multiple publications—including the National Enquirer—and attempted to sell the story. The National Enquirer bought the story following the publication of a lewd tape between Trump and the television host Billy Bush in October 2016. The National Enquirer sought to suppress the story in an effort to help the Trump campaign. Rather than paying Daniels, the National Enquirer editor-in-chief Dylan Howard negotiated a $130,000 non-disclosure agreement with Cohen. As the election neared, Cohen attempted to find the money and repeatedly delayed her payment. Keith Davidson, Daniels' lawyer, cancelled the deal in October 2016. Realizing that his work to cover up the story could be revealed, Cohen drew the money from his home equity line of credit and sent it through a shell company incorporated in Delaware.[23][22]

Trump initially denied knowing about the check made out to Daniels. In April 2018, aboard Air Force One, he told a reporter he did not know where Cohen got the money.[24] Rudy Giuliani, an attorney for Trump, refuted these claims in a Fox News interview, saying that Trump was aware of the payments.[25] Trump wrote several checks, totaling $420,000 to Cohen. The checks reimbursed him for the non-disclosure agreement and covered the costs for Cohen to manipulate online polls to boost Trump's status. The $180,000 paid to Cohen was doubled to offset taxes and $60,000 was added. These payments were made throughout 2017, during Trump's first year of his presidency.[26]

In January 2018, The Wall Street Journal reported on Cohen's payment.[27] Cohen pleaded guilty to eight criminal counts relating to the payment—as well as a payment made to the Playboy model Karen McDougal—in August. In his admission of guilt, Cohen implicated Trump, stating that he acted "at the direction of a candidate for federal office".[28] In December 2018, Cohen was sentenced to three years in prison.[29]

Manhattan grand jury investigation

Main article: New York criminal investigation of The Trump Organization

Following Cohen's admission of guilt, Cyrus Vance Jr.—the Manhattan District Attorney—opened an investigation against the Trump Organization and two of its executives.[30] The office paused its inquiry when federal prosecutors began a separate investigation into the payments. In July 2019, federal prosecutors stated that they concluded their inquiry into Trump and signaled that he would not be charged.[31] The Manhattan district attorney's office then issued a subpoena for the Trump Organization in August, seeking documents relating to the payments.[32] Additionally, the office subpoenaed accounting firm Mazars USA, demanding eight years of Trump's corporate tax returns.[33] Trump's lawyers sued Vance to block the subpoena, citing Trump's immunity from criminal inquiries as the president of the United States;[34] in Trump v. Vance, the Supreme Court ruled 7–2 in favor of Vance, allowing the subpoena to continue.[35]

In December 2020, Manhattan prosecutors began intensifying their investigation, investigating employees of Deutsche Bank and insurance brokerage Aon.[36] The Supreme Court ruled once more in February 2021 that the Manhattan district attorney's office could obtain Trump's tax records,[37] and obtained these records following the Supreme Court's ruling.[38] The Manhattan district attorney's office began focusing its attention on Allen Weisselberg, the chief financial officer (CFO) of the Trump Organization,[39] and charged the Trump Organization with running a tax scheme in July.[40] Following the 2021 New York County District Attorney election, Alvin Bragg succeeded Vance as the Manhattan District Attorney.[41] In February 2022, Mark Pomerantz and Carey Dunne, the two prosecutors retained by Bragg to lead the investigation, resigned.[42] Bragg continued the investigation throughout 2022,[43] and moved to continue the hush money inquiry into Trump.[44]

In January 2023, the Manhattan district attorney's office impaneled a 23-person[45] grand jury, and began presenting evidence of Trump's role in paying Stormy Daniels.[46] The grand jury had been hearing for months leading up to the indictment, typically meeting on Mondays and Wednesdays.[45] In March 2023, prosecutors signaled an indictment was likely,[47] and on March 18, 2023, Trump claimed that he was to be arrested the following week, calling for protests in anticipation of a possible indictment.[48][49] New York City Police began to increase security in preparation for the expected indictment, and a second time for the second expected indictment.[45] Metal barriers were set up around Trump Tower and the district Criminal Court Building.[50] On March 30, prior to the grand jury voting to indict, an unidentified witness testified for approximately 30 minutes to them.[51]

Other investigations

Trump is also the subject of two additional probes—one over his efforts to overturn Georgia's 2020 presidential election results, and the other in Washington, D.C., over his handling of classified and national defense-related government documents.[7] The New York indictment is not expected to impact the Georgia probe, according to a source familiar with the thinking of staff in the Fulton County district attorney's office; potential charges leading to indictments stemming from this investigation could come as soon as the first half of 2023.[52]

Public opinion

Prior to the indictment, polling suggested the majority of Americans believed Trump committed crimes and warranted investigation.[53][54]

Call for protests

On March 18, Trump called for protests in anticipation of an indictment.[48] Time magazine reported that prominent supporters and far-right groups who responded to his call in the January 6 United States Capitol attack were reluctant.[55] A demonstration was held by the New York Young Republican Club the following Monday, though it was vastly outnumbered by the presence of journalists.[56]

Indictment

The Manhattan grand jury voted to indict Trump on March 30. He is expected to be arraigned on April 4, 2023 at 2:15 p.m. He will then attend a plea hearing and, if he pleads "not guilty" or does not plead, go to trial. If found guilty by any means, he will be sentenced.[13]

The charges are related to the Trump's payment to Stormy Daniels as hush money, which could be considered a violation of campaign finance laws because it helped Trump's election bid. Furthermore, the payment was listed in Trump's business records as "legal expense". Falsifying business records is a misdemeanor under New York state law, but it can be promoted to a felony if done to cover up another crime. However, while the former is a state law, the latter is a federal law; for the legal promotion of charges, the prosecution office needs to link a crime committed under the state law to one committed under the federal one. Therefore, some analysts find the indictment contentious; a former prosecutor stated that Alvin is under pressure from anti-Trump groups.[57][58]

Responses

Republican

Trump released a statement calling the indictment "political persecution" and said it would "backfire massively" on President Joe Biden.[59] He sent emails to his supporters asking for donations to "defend our movement from the never-ending witch hunts" and wrote that donations would have a "1,500% impact".[60] Speaking to CNN's Wolf Blitzer, former vice president Mike Pence called the indictment an "outrage".[61]

Congressional Republicans generally condemned the indictment as unprecedented and a weaponization of justice, without addressing particular facts of the pending formal charges.[62] Kevin McCarthy, Speaker of the House, tweeted: "Alvin Bragg has irreparably damaged our country in an attempt to interfere in our Presidential election. As he routinely frees violent criminals to terrorize the public, he weaponized our sacred system of justice against President Donald Trump. The American people will not tolerate this injustice, and the House of Representatives will hold Alvin Bragg and his unprecedented abuse of power to account".[62][63] Representative Jim Jordan, chair of the House Judiciary Committee, tweeted the word 'Outrageous'.[64][62]

Ron DeSantis, the governor of Florida, the state in which Trump resides, has said that the state of Florida will not assist with any extradition of Trump to New York.[65] This position is in defiance of Puerto Rico v. Branstad, which asserts that governors cannot reject the extradition requests of other states, based on Article IV of the U.S. Constitution.[66] Former Arkansas governor Asa Hutchinson has criticized the move, as well as entrepreneur Vivek Ramaswamy, who is also running for the presidential nomination.[67]

Democratic

Representative Adam Schiff tweeted: "The indictment of a former president is unprecedented. But so too is the unlawful conduct in which Trump has been engaged".[64] Schiff served as the lead impeachment manager during Trump's first impeachment trial.[68]

Commentary and media analysis

Current and former Fox News hosts, including Sean Hannity, Glenn Beck, and Tucker Carlson, expressed outrage at the indictment. Trump's indictment came following the release of text messages from several Fox News hosts denouncing Trump in Dominion Voting Systems v. Fox News.[69]

Misinformation

Bellingcat founder Eliot Higgins facetiously created an AI-generated image of Trump being arrested using Midjourney. The images were spread across multiple social media platforms.[70]

See also

References

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