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Turkey national football team

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This article is about the men's team. For the women's team, see Türkiye women's national football team.

Türkiye
Shirt badge/Association crest
Nickname(s)Ay-Yıldızlılar
(The Crescent-Stars)[1]
Bizim Çocuklar
(The Our Boys)
AssociationTurkish Football Federation (TFF)
ConfederationUEFA (Europe)
Head coachStefan Kuntz
CaptainHakan Çalhanoğlu
Most capsRüştü Reçber (120)
Top scorerHakan Şükür (51)
Home stadiumVarious
FIFA codeTUR[2]
First colours
Second colours
FIFA ranking
Current 26 Steady (24 October 2024)[3]
Highest5 (June 2004)
Lowest67 (October 1993)
First international
 Turkey 2–2 Romania 
(Istanbul, Turkey; 26 October 1923)[a]
Biggest win
 Turkey 7–0 Syria 
(Ankara, Turkey; 20 November 1949)
 Turkey 7–0 South Korea 
(Geneva, Switzerland; 20 June 1954)
 Turkey 7–0 San Marino 
(Istanbul, Turkey; 10 November 1996)
Biggest defeat
 Poland 8–0 Turkey 
(Chorzów, Poland; 24 April 1968)
 Turkey 0–8 England 
(Istanbul, Türkiye; 14 November 1984)
 England 8–0 Turkey 
(London, England; 14 October 1987)
World Cup
Appearances2 (first in 1954)
Best resultThird place (2002)
European Championship
Appearances5 (first in 1996)
Best resultSemi-finals (2008)
Olympic Games
Appearances6 (first in 1924)
Best resultQuarter-finals (1948, 1952)
Confederations Cup
Appearances1 (first in 2003)
Best resultThird place (2003)
Medal record
FIFA World Cup
Bronze medal – third place 2002 South Korea-Japan Team
UEFA European Championship
Bronze medal – third place 2008 Austria & Switzerland Team
FIFA Confederations Cup
Bronze medal – third place 2003 France Team
Websitetff.org

The Turkey national football team (Template:Lang-tr) represents Turkey in men's international football matches. The team is controlled by the Turkish Football Federation (Template:Lang-tr), the governing body for football in Turkey, which was founded in 1923 and has been a member of FIFA since 1923 and UEFA since 1962.[5] It has been recognized as Türkiye by the FIFA and UEFA since 2022.[6][7]

The team played their first official international game in 1923 and has represented the nation in major competitions since their debut appearance at the 1924 Summer Olympics. They have participated in Summer Olympics a total of six times (1924, 1928, 1936, 1948, 1952 and 1960), and reached the quarter-finals twice, in 1948 and 1952.

The team enjoyed their highest achievements in the 2000s, most notably finishing in third place at the 2002 FIFA World Cup and the 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup, and reaching the semi-finals at UEFA Euro 2008. They qualified for FIFA World Cup three times (1950,[b] 1954 and 2002) and reached the semi-finals in 2002, winning bronze medals. The team qualified for UEFA European Championships five times. Making their debut at Euro 96, they reached the quarter-finals in Euro 2000 and semi-finals in Euro 2008. In recent years, Turkey qualified to the Euro 2016 and Euro 2020 championships.

Since its introduction in 1992, the FIFA World Rankings have ranked Turkey between 5th and 57th place. Following their success at the 2002 World Cup, Turkey managed to stay in the top 10 in rankings between 2002 and 2004, ranking at 5th in June 2004.[10] The team climbed once again up to 10th place in December 2008, following their success at Euro 2008.[11] Turkey achieved their highest victory margin with 7–0 wins over Syria in 1949, South Korea in 1954 and San Marino in 1996,[12] while their biggest losses were 8–0 defeats to Poland in 1968 and England in 1984 and 1987.[13]

As of 2020, the most capped player to play on the national team is Rüştü Reçber with 120 senior international caps between 1994 and 2012, and the most scoring player is Hakan Şükür with 51 goals scored between 1992 and 2007.[14] The longest-serving captain is Turgay Şeren with captaincy of 35 international encounters from 1950 to 1966.[15]

History

Further information: History of Turkish football

Early years

One of the early formations in 1922.
Turkey against Romania in 1923.

The Turkish National Team's first game was against Romania, played on 26 October 1923 at Taksim Stadium in Istanbul, a 2-2 draw "A National Team History", Turkish Football Federation.[16] Zeki Rıza Sporel is considered as the first big star of Turkish football as he scored the first two goals against Romania. Turkey played their first ever official match at the 1924 Summer Olympics losing to Czechoslovakia, 5–2.

1950 FIFA World Cup

Although Turkey qualified for the 1950 World Cup, beating Syria 7–0, they were forced to withdraw from the tournament due to financial problems.

1954 FIFA World Cup

Turkey then qualified for the 1954 World Cup after a play-off with Spain. The Turkish team first lost 4–1 to Spain, but a 1–0 win a few days later initiated a replay. On that occasion, they tied 2–2 after, booking their place after a coin toss. Turkey was put in a group along with Hungary and West Germany. The Turks, however, never played Hungary due to the tournament format, and a 4–1 defeat by the Germans was followed by Turkey carrying out a 7–0 win over South Korea. Turkey lost the play-off to West Germany 7–2. In 1956, however, Turkey did play Hungary in a friendly match in Istanbul, defeating what was one of the strongest teams of the era, 3–1.[17] Lefter Küçükandonyadis, arguably one of the best Turkish strikers of all time, scored two goals during the tournament.

Near misses

Turkey against Netherlands in 1958

Despite the introduction of a national league, and showings by Turkish clubs in European competition, the 1960s would be a barren time for the national team. Most players from the 1954 World Cup squad were retired, and the new generation of players failed to qualify for a major tournament. The 1970s saw Turkey holding back in the World Cup and UEFA European Championship qualifiers, but the team was a point too short to qualify for both UEFA Euro 1972 and Euro 1976. In the 1980s the Turkish team also suffered their worst defeats with 8–0 scorelines against Poland and twice against England. Yet the 1990 World Cup qualifiers would mark a turning point for Turkish football, with Turkey only missing out on qualification in the final match. Prominent players in this period included Rıdvan Dilmen, Oğuz Çetin, Rıza Çalımbay, Feyyaz Uçar, and European Golden Boot winner Tanju Çolak.

1990–1996

In 1990, coach Sepp Piontek was put in charge of the national team. Under his guidance, a group of new players debuted for the national team. Many of these players (which included Bülent Korkmaz, Alpay Özalan, Sergen Yalçın, Rüştü Reçber, and Hakan Şükür) would become the backbone of the national team for many years. Piontek's mission came to an end in 1993, where he was replaced by Fatih Terim, who in turn managed to qualify for Euro 1996. Turkey qualified for its first major tournament since 1954, marking another turning point for Turkish football. The appointment of Piontek was a recommended move by another coach, Jupp Derwall, who had coached Galatasaray for three seasons. Derwall is regarded as the revolutionizer of Turkish football, since his introduction of training techniques and tactical ideas to the Turkish game also heavily influenced the national team.

Euro 1996

Turkey national football team on an Azerbaijan stamp for Euro 1996.

Turkey qualified for Euro 1996, defeating both Switzerland and Sweden 2–1 during qualification. Despite a solid performance during the qualifiers, Turkey lost all their matches without scoring a single goal. They did, however, go home with an award: the fair play award, given to Alpay Özalan.

Euro 2000

Although Turkey failed to qualify for the 1998 World Cup, they qualified for Euro 2000 after winning a play-off against the Republic of Ireland. Turkey lost their first match 2–1 to Italy, they drew their second match against Sweden 0–0, and beat host nation Belgium 2–0, making it the first time in the history of the UEFA European Championship a host nation had been eliminated in the first round. This victory brought Turkey into the last eight of the tournament, where they were beaten 2–0 by Portugal, with Arif Erdem missing a critical penalty.

2002 FIFA World Cup

Turkey national football team on an Azerbaijan stamp for the 2002 FIFA World Cup.

For the 2002 World Cup, Turkey finished second in their qualifying group, despite starting well and being the favourites to top the group. They lost 2–1 to Sweden in the crucial match that would decide the top spot. The Turks were forced to play the play-offs against Austria. They defeated the Austrians 6–0 on aggregate and booked their place at the finals. The Turkish team started the 2002 World Cup with a 2–1 defeat against eventual winners Brazil.[18] Turkey qualified from the group stage with a 3–0 win against China PR after drawing 1–1 with Costa Rica.[19][20]

Turkey then faced home team Japan in the second round, winning 1–0.[21] The Turkish team continued their run, as they beat Senegal 1–0 on a golden goal to book their place in the semi-finals, where a 1–0 defeat against eventual tournament winners Brazil forced them to play the third place match, and a bronze medal was won after a 3–2 victory over co-hosts South Korea.[22][23][24] Hakan Şükür scored Turkey's first goal in 10.8 seconds, even when the South Koreans kicked off first. It was the fastest goal in World Cup history.[25][26] Tens of thousands of flag-waving Turkish fans greeted the World Cup squad on their return to Istanbul, where they joined a massive street party at Taksim Square.[27] Rüştü Reçber, Alpay Özalan and Hasan Şaş were all included in the All-Star Team, with Reçber also being voted as the best goalkeeper in the UEFA Team of the Year 2002, while Şenol Güneş was being voted as the best manager.

2003 FIFA Confederations Cup

In the summer of 2003, Turkey reached third place at the 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup. In the group stages, Turkey defeated the United States 2–1 before losing to Cameroon 0–1. In their final group match, Turkey drew 2–2 against Brazil, eliminating them from the tournament. Turkey lost to eventual tournament winners France 3–2 in the semi-final match. Turkey then defeated Colombia 2–1 to win the bronze medal. Tuncay scored three goals and made an assist, which won him the Silver Shoe Award and the Silver Ball Award for the second best player of the tournament.

Euro 2004

The Turkish team failed to qualify for Euro 2004 on play-offs due to a loss to Latvia after finishing second in their group. This marked a turning point for the national team as new players were introduced to the national team to create a new generation.

2006 FIFA World Cup

The Turkish team once again narrowly missed out on the World Cup finals after failing to win a play-off, this time on away goals against Switzerland, again after finishing second in their group. There were scenes of violence after the game on and off the pitch where the Turkish team brawled with Swiss players down the tunnel.

Euro 2008

Turkey qualified for their first international tournament in six years by finishing second behind Greece in Euro 2008 qualifying Group C to reach the Euro 2008 final stages. They were placed alongside Switzerland, Portugal and the Czech Republic in Group A. In their first match, they played Portugal and were beaten 2–0, but wins over Switzerland (2–1) and the Czech Republic (3–2) – both secured by late goals – brought qualification for the knockout stages.[28][29][30] Again, Turkey knocked out a host nation – Switzerland – in the group stages for the second time.[31]

The quarter-final against Croatia was goalless after 90 minutes, and Croatia led 1–0 in the final minute of extra time, but another late Turkish goal by forward Semih Şentürk brought the game to penalties. The goal raised some controversy with Croatia fans and Croatia head coach Slaven Bilić, who claimed that the goal had been scored after extra time had elapsed. This complaint, however, was overruled, and the game went into penalties. Turkey defeated Croatia in penalties, 3–1.[32]

Turkey went into the semi-final against Germany with just 14 outfield players available as a result of injuries and suspensions, but scored first and were drawing 2–2. But they finished third by default after losing 3–2 with a last minute goal by Philipp Lahm.[33] Both Russia and Turkey were given bronze medals in the dressing rooms after the semi-finals.

Turkey against France on 5 June 2009.

2010 FIFA World Cup

Turkey were drawn in UEFA Group 5 together with Armenia, Belgium, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Estonia and Spain. Turkey had a mixed qualifying campaign, finishing with 15 points and missing out on a play-off place to Bosnia and Herzegovina with 19 points. Spain topped the group to qualify, winning every game in the process. Coach Fatih Terim announced he would be resigning his post following their failure to qualify.[34]

Euro 2012

The Turkish team during the UEFA Euro 2012 qualification.

Turkey were drawn in Group A in qualification for Euro 2012, together with Kazakhstan, Austria, Belgium, Germany and Azerbaijan. The Turkish team reached the play-offs after beating Azerbaijan 1–0 but got eliminated 3–0 on aggregate by Croatia. On 14 November 2012, Turkey celebrated their 500th match in a friendly game played against Denmark at the Türk Telekom Arena, Istanbul, which ended in a 1–1 draw. Before the match, footballers and coaches, who contributed to the national team's success in the past, were honoured. Turkish pop singer Hadise, who wore a national team jersey with the number 500, performed a small concert.[35][36]

2014 FIFA World Cup

Turkey were drawn in Group D in qualification for the 2014 World Cup, together with Andorra, Estonia, Hungary, the Netherlands and Romania, finishing fourth. Turkey began to lose critical points during qualification and Abdullah Avcı was sacked soon after. Fatih Terim was put in charge for the third time to lead the national team, but a 2–0 defeat against the Netherlands ended hopes of qualification.

Euro 2016

Turkey against Austria on 29 March 2016.

Turkey were drawn in Group A in the qualification campaign for the Euro 2016, together with Iceland, Latvia, Kazakhstan, the Netherlands and the Czech Republic. The Turkish team qualified for their first major tournament in eight years as the best third-placed team after beating Iceland 1–0, with Selçuk İnan netting a free kick in the 89th minute. After over 18 months unbeaten, a loss to England as a pre-tournament friendly ended the team's winning streak, subsequently leading to back-to-back losses against Croatia and Spain in the tournament. Turkey won their last game against the Czech Republic, 2–0. They were minutes away from reaching the last 16, until a late winner for Ireland against Italy meant that the latter instead qualified as one of the best third-placed teams. Despite elimination, youngster Emre Mor's skillful display and assist during the game revealed a hopeful future for Turkish football.

2018 FIFA World Cup

Turkey were drawn in UEFA Group I for the 2018 World Cup qualifying campaign. together with Croatia, Finland, Iceland, Kosovo and Ukraine. During the qualifiers, head coach Fatih Terim stood down after an off-field incident,[37] and 72-year-old former Romania manager Mircea Lucescu took over. After eight games, Turkey stood a strong chance of qualifying for the tournament, but a 0–3 defeat against Iceland at home ended automatic qualification hopes. After a 2–2 draw against Finland the team finished fourth in Group I.

2018–19 UEFA Nations League

Turkey was drawn with Russia and Sweden in the 2018–19 UEFA Nations League B and Turkey had a poor performance which led the country to finish bottom. At the first game held at home against 2018 World Cup host and quarter-finalist Russia, Turkey lost 1–2 despite an equalizer by Serdar Aziz. Turkey then put up its best performance in the League, winning 3–2 against Sweden right in Swedish soil. However, Turkey could not capitalize on this opportunity and lost 0–2 to Russia in Sochi before suffering a humiliating 0–1 home loss to Sweden, thus initially sent Turkey to League C. However, UEFA rule changes meant Turkey was allowed to remain in League B.

Euro 2020

Turkey were drawn in group H in the qualifying stage along with the 2018 FIFA World Cup champions France, as well as Iceland, Albania, Moldova and Andorra. Veteran coach Şenol Güneş revolutionised the team, with many young talents, combining them with experienced players like Burak Yılmaz and Emre Belözoglu. The team restructuring proved to be genius, as Turkey had one of the best campaigns in recent history.

Turkey managed to achieve a 2–0 victory against the group favourites France in Konya and later a 1–1 draw at Stade de France. Turkey struggled against the group underdogs Andorra in their first match against them, winning by a 89th-minute goal at the Vodafone Arena in Istanbul. Turkey's only defeat in the group came against Iceland in Reykjavik, losing 2–1. The defeat came after ill-treatment of the Turkish group at the Iceland customs, keeping them at the airport for 3 hours. This was followed by an Icelandic supporter holding a toilet brush to team captain Emre Belozoglu as a pretend microphone during an interview. The events were heavily criticised by the Turkish and European media. In an interview Turkish Coach Şenol Güneş, said that had come here 40 years ago, nothing had changed about the stadium and the country, except that some Icelandic people had lost the hospitality they had 40 years ago. Turkey entered matchday 9 against Iceland as group leaders with 19 points. Turkey and Iceland were drawn 0–0 at Turk Telekom Arena in Istanbul. Though unable to defeat Iceland and losing the first place to France, a draw was enough to secure Turkey a spot in Euro 2020 finals, ahead of their away match against Andorra.[38]

Turkey had the honor of opening the Euro 2020 Finals but it soon turned to be a night to forget for the Turkish. Turkey kicked off the European Championship with a 3–0 loss against Italy in Group A at the Olympic Stadium with Ciro Immobile and Lorenzo Insigne on target. Roberto Mancini's side had been frustrated by Turkey's defensive approach in the first half but broke through in the 53rd minute when a hard-hit cross from Domenico Berardi flew in off Turkey defender Merih Demiral for an own goal. They went to lose the next two games from both Switzerland and Wales, losing all three games in a row alongside debutants North Macedonia.

2020–21 UEFA Nations League

After qualifying for Euro 2020, Turkey entered with momentum, even though they had to face old foe Russia, alongside Hungary and Serbia in the 2020–21 UEFA Nations League B.

However, despite all these improvements, Turkey performed poorly in their two opening games in September 2020. The first game against Hungary at home saw Turkey suffer a 0–1 loss by a free kick from Dominik Szoboszlai. Going to Belgrade against Serbia, after repeated Serbian pressure, Turkey had a one-man advantage following Aleksandar Kolarov's red card, however the Turks failed to capitalise and were held goalless. This damaged their chances of qualifying for League A, as their next opponents in October will be Russia (who had had a strong start) and Hungary. The early poor performance could also represent a detrimental effect for Turkey, as this season's Nations League was used for the 2022 FIFA World Cup qualification process.

Turkey continued to find its first win in the Nations League. Against Russia in Moscow, a team which Turkey has failed to win in Russian soil since its last win at 1966 and still finding its first win over the Russians since 1975 in general, Turkey once again failed to register a win, though they got an encouraging 1–1 draw thanked for Kenan Karaman's equaliser. Yet, the Turkish side disappointed with only a 2–2 draw over Serbia at home soil.

November 2020 proved to be very important as Turkey must gain important wins in order to stay or even better getting possible promotion. Their first game in this month's Nations League was against Russia, but Denis Cheryshev scored an early lead making the Turkish side looked hapless. Yet, a red card to Andrey Semyonov proved to be a game changer, and with a one-man advantage, the Turks turned the deficit to finally break down its winless run against Russia with a 3–2 home win. The Turks then traveled to Hungary with hope that a win against the Hungarians could mean possible promotion, at least if Russia lost to Serbia. However, while Russia suffered a humiliating 0–5 defeat away in Belgrade, Turkey failed to gain the advantage and instead lost 2–0 by the Hungarians, despite late pressure to find an equalizer in the second half. That meant Turkey and Serbia were tied on points, but with the Serbians scored two goals away from home in contrast to Turkey's failure to do the same in Belgrade, Turkey was relegated for the second time (the first season saw Turkey stayed due to Nations League overhauls) to 2022–23 UEFA Nations League C. Such outcome also meant Turkey will have to fight in order to get a direct 2022 FIFA World Cup ticket as play-off qualification appeared to be slim with their relegation, in which the 2022 World Cup qualifiers will occur in March 2021, which they did.

Kit suppliers

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Turkey national football team kits.
Kit provider Period
Germany Adidas 1982–2003
United States Nike 2003–present

Rivalries

Main article: Greece–Turkey football rivalry

Turkey has developed several notable rivalries, the most well-known being with Croatia[39] and Greece.

Turkey and Croatia have played each other nine times,[40] with their first encounter at Euro 1996; where both countries made their debuts in the opening match, which Croatia won 1–0.[41] A well-remembered match between them was at Euro 2008, which Turkey won on penalties after a 1–1 deadlock even after extra-time. With the win, Turkey reached the semi-finals in only their third appearance overall at the Euro finals.[42] The two teams faced each other in the 2012 Euro qualifying play-offs, with Croatia winning 3–0 in the first-leg in Istanbul, and advancing to the tournament finals following a 0–0 draw in the second-leg.[43][44] The two teams faced each other once again in a European competition at Euro 2016, playing in the opening match of Group D; with Croatia winning 1–0 through a sensational Luka Modrić volley.[45][46] Only three months after the match at the Euros, the two teams played in their opening match in Group I of 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifying, which finished 1–1.[47] Exactly one year after this, Turkey won the reverse fixture 1–0 at home, which played a key part in both countries' qualifying campaign, although Turkey would not qualify for World Cup while Croatia would go on to qualify and finish second in that edition.[48][49]

Turkey also has a historical rivalry with Greece; having played them a total of 14 times, winning eight, drawing three and losing three games.[50] Both countries have been described as "punching above their weight"; with Greece winning Euro 2004 despite being classified as underdogs prior to the competition, and Turkey followed-up their World Cup bronze medal in 2002 by advancing to the semi-finals of Euro 2008, where they were knocked out by Germany. Due to tension between the two countries and the dispute over Cyprus, coupled with several incidents occurring during matches between Turkish and Greek clubs, it has been described as one of the biggest international football rivalries.[51]

Results and fixtures

Main article: Turkey national football team results

The following is a list of match results in the last 12 months, as well as any future matches that have been scheduled.

  Win   Draw   Loss   Fixture

2022

22 September 2022 2022–23 UEFA Nations League Turkey  3–3  Luxembourg Istanbul, Turkey
21:45 TRT (UTC+03:00)
Report
Stadium: Başakşehir Fatih Terim Stadium
Attendance: 12,708[52]
Referee: Tobias Stieler (Germany)
25 September 2022 2022–23 UEFA Nations League Faroe Islands  2–1  Turkey Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
19:45 WEST (UTC+01:00)
Report
Stadium: Tórsvøllur
Attendance: 2,056[53]
Referee: Serhiy Boyko (Ukraine)
16 November 2022 (2022-11-16) Friendly Turkey  2–1  Scotland Diyarbakır, Turkey
20:00 TRT (UTC+03:00)
Report
Stadium: Diyarbakır Stadium
Attendance: 30,788[54]
Referee: Visar Kastrati (Kosovo)
19 November 2022 (2022-11-19) Friendly Turkey  2–1  Czech Republic Gaziantep, Turkey
20:00 TRT (UTC+03:00)
Report
Stadium: Gaziantep Stadium
Attendance: 29,017[55]
Referee: Willie Collum (Scotland)

2023

25 March 2023 UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Armenia  1–2  Turkey Yerevan, Armenia
21:00 AMT (UTC+04:00)
Report
Stadium: Vazgen Sargsyan Republican Stadium
Attendance: 14,125[56]
Referee: José María Sánchez Martínez (Spain)
28 March 2023 UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Turkey  0–2  Croatia Bursa, Turkey
21:45 TRT (UTC+03:00) Report
Stadium: Bursa Metropolitan Municipality Stadium
Attendance: 37,750[57]
Referee: Andreas Ekberg (Sweden)
16 June 2023 UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Latvia  2–3  Turkey Riga, Latvia
21:45 EEST (UTC+03:00)
Report
Stadium: Skonto Stadium
Attendance: 6,287[58]
Referee: Tamás Bognár (Hungary)
19 June 2023 UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Turkey  2–0  Wales Samsun, Turkey
21:45 TRT (UTC+03:00)
Report Stadium: Samsun Stadium
Referee: Fabio Maresca (Italy)
8 September 2023 UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Turkey  v  Armenia Eskişehir, Turkey
21:45 TRT (UTC+03:00) Report Stadium: New Eskişehir Stadium
12 October 2023 UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Croatia  v  Turkey Osijek, Croatia
20:45 CEST (UTC+02:00) Report Stadium: Opus Arena
15 October 2023 UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Turkey  v  Latvia Adana, Turkey
21:45 TRT (UTC+03:00) Report Stadium: New Adana Stadium
21 November 2023 UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying Wales  v  Turkey Cardiff, Wales
19:45 BST (UTC+01:00) Report Stadium: Cardiff City Stadium

Coaching staff

Main article: List of Turkey national football team managers
As of 27 September 2021[59]
Position Name
Head coach Germany Stefan Kuntz
Assistant coach(es)[60] Turkey Kenan Koçak
Germany Jan-Moritz Lichte
Fitness coach Germany Axel Busenkell
Technical advisor Turkey Muhsin Ertugral
Team manager[c] Turkey Hamit Altıntop

Players

Current squad

The following players were called up for the UEFA Euro 2024 qualifying matches against  Latvia and  Wales on 16 and 19 June 2023, respectively.[62]

Caps and goals are correct as of 19 June 2023, after the match against  Wales.

No. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club
1 1GK Mert Günok (1989-03-01) 1 March 1989 (age 35) 26 0 Turkey Beşiktaş
23 1GK Uğurcan Çakır (1996-04-05) 5 April 1996 (age 28) 22 0 Turkey Trabzonspor
12 1GK Muhammed Şengezer (1997-01-05) 5 January 1997 (age 27) 0 0 Turkey İstanbul Başakşehir
2 2DF Zeki Çelik (1997-02-17) 17 February 1997 (age 27) 38 2 Italy Roma
3 2DF Merih Demiral (1998-03-05) 5 March 1998 (age 26) 39 2 Italy Atalanta
2DF Çağlar Söyüncü (1996-05-23) 23 May 1996 (age 28) 53 2 England Leicester City
13 2DF Eren Elmalı (2000-07-07) 7 July 2000 (age 24) 9 0 Turkey Trabzonspor
15 2DF Ozan Kabak (2000-03-25) 25 March 2000 (age 24) 22 1 Germany 1899 Hoffenheim
4 2DF Samet Akaydin (1994-03-13) 13 March 1994 (age 30) 1 0 Turkey Fenerbahçe
20 2DF Ferdi Kadıoğlu (1999-10-07) 7 October 1999 (age 25) 11 0 Turkey Fenerbahçe
22 2DF Cenk Özkacar (2000-10-06) 6 October 2000 (age 24) 3 0 Spain Valencia
14 2DF Abdülkerim Bardakcı (1994-09-07) 7 September 1994 (age 30) 2 1 Turkey Galatasaray
10 3MF Hakan Çalhanoğlu (captain) (1994-02-08) 8 February 1994 (age 30) 78 17 Italy Internazionale
16 3MF İsmail Yüksek (1999-01-26) 26 January 1999 (age 25) 6 1 Turkey Fenerbahçe
5 3MF Salih Özcan (1998-01-11) 11 January 1998 (age 26) 11 0 Germany Borussia Dortmund
6 3MF Orkun Kökçü (2000-12-29) 29 December 2000 (age 23) 22 2 Portugal Benfica
8 3MF İrfan Kahveci (1995-07-15) 15 July 1995 (age 29) 26 2 Turkey Fenerbahçe
18 3MF Salih Uçan (1994-01-06) 6 January 1994 (age 30) 2 0 Turkey Beşiktaş
21 3MF Arda Güler (2005-02-25) 25 February 2005 (age 19) 4 1 Turkey Fenerbahçe
7 4FW Kerem Aktürkoğlu (1998-10-21) 21 October 1998 (age 26) 21 4 Turkey Galatasaray
11 4FW Umut Nayir (1993-06-28) 28 June 1993 (age 31) 4 1 Turkey Ümraniyespor
9 4FW Umut Bozok (1996-09-19) 19 September 1996 (age 28) 1 0 Turkey Trabzonspor
19 4FW Barış Alper Yılmaz (2000-05-23) 23 May 2000 (age 24) 5 0 Turkey Galatasaray
17 4FW Cengiz Ünder (1997-07-14) 14 July 1997 (age 27) 49 16 France Marseille
4FW Kenan Karaman (1994-03-05) 5 March 1994 (age 30) 31 6 Germany Schalke 04

Recent call-ups

The following players have been called up for the team within the last twelve months.

Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Caps Goals Club Latest call-up
GK Altay Bayındır (1998-04-14) 14 April 1998 (age 26) 5 0 Turkey Fenerbahçe v.  Croatia, 28 March 2023
GK Doğan Alemdar (2002-10-29) 29 October 2002 (age 22) 2 0 France Rennes v.  Czech Republic, 19 November 2022
DF Onur Bulut (1994-04-16) 16 April 1994 (age 30) 2 0 Turkey Beşiktaş v.  Croatia, 28 March 2023
DF Tayyip Sanuç (1999-12-17) 17 December 1999 (age 24) 1 0 Turkey Beşiktaş v.  Croatia, 28 March 2023
DF Kaan Ayhan (1994-11-10) 10 November 1994 (age 30) 51 5 Italy Sassuolo v.  Faroe Islands, 25 September 2022
DF Rıdvan Yılmaz (2001-05-21) 21 May 2001 (age 23) 6 0 Scotland Rangers v.  Faroe Islands, 25 September 2022
DF Ravil Tagir (2003-05-06) 6 May 2003 (age 21) 0 0 Belgium Westerlo v.  Faroe Islands, 25 September 2022
MF Levin Öztunalı (1996-03-15) 15 March 1996 (age 28) 0 0 Germany Union Berlin training camp, May 2023
MF Abdülkadir Ömür (1999-06-25) 25 June 1999 (age 25) 10 0 Turkey Trabzonspor v.  Croatia, 28 March 2023
MF Mehmet-Can Aydın (2002-02-09) 9 February 2002 (age 22) 0 0 Germany Schalke 04 v.  Croatia, 28 March 2023
MF Emirhan İlkhan (2004-06-01) 1 June 2004 (age 20) 0 0 Italy Sampdoria v.  Czech Republic, 19 November 2022
MF Berkay Özcan (1998-02-15) 15 February 1998 (age 26) 7 0 Turkey İstanbul Başakşehir v.  Czech Republic, 19 November 2022
MF Deniz Türüç (1993-01-29) 29 January 1993 (age 31) 12 2 Turkey İstanbul Başakşehir v.  Czech Republic, 19 November 2022
MF Berkan Kutlu (1998-01-25) 25 January 1998 (age 26) 7 0 Turkey Galatasaray v.  Faroe Islands, 25 September 2022
MF Tolga Ciğerci (1992-03-23) 23 March 1992 (age 32) 4 0 Germany Hertha Berlin v.  Faroe Islands, 25 September 2022
FW Cenk TosunINJ (1991-06-07) 7 June 1991 (age 33) 49 18 Turkey Beşiktaş v.  Croatia, 28 March 2023
FW Enes ÜnalINJ (1997-05-10) 10 May 1997 (age 27) 32 3 Spain Getafe v.  Croatia, 28 March 2023
FW Deniz Undav (1996-07-19) 19 July 1996 (age 28) 0 0 England Brighton & Hove Albion training camp, March 2023
FW Doğukan Sinik (1999-01-21) 21 January 1999 (age 25) 6 2 Turkey Antalyaspor v.  Czech Republic, 19 November 2022
FW Emre Mor (1997-07-24) 24 July 1997 (age 27) 15 1 Turkey Fenerbahçe v.  Scotland, 16 November 2022 INJ
FW Halil Dervişoğlu (1999-12-08) 8 December 1999 (age 24) 15 6 England Burnley v.  Faroe Islands, 25 September 2022
FW Serdar Dursun (1991-10-19) 19 October 1991 (age 33) 10 7 Turkey Fenerbahçe v.  Faroe Islands, 25 September 2022
FW Serdar Gürler (1991-09-14) 14 September 1991 (age 33) 8 1 Turkey İstanbul Başakşehir v.  Faroe Islands, 25 September 2022
FW Yunus Akgün (2000-07-07) 7 July 2000 (age 24) 5 1 Turkey Galatasaray v.  Faroe Islands, 25 September 2022
Notes
  • PRE = Preliminary squad/standby.
  • INJ = Not part of the current squad due to injury.
  • SUS = Player is suspended.
  • RET = Retired from international football.
  • COV = The player is not part of the current squad due to testing positive for COVID-19.

Player records

Main article: List of Turkey international footballers
Main article: Turkey national football team records and statistics

Most capped players

Rüştü Reçber is Turkey's most capped player with 120 caps and Turkey's record holder in clean sheets.
As of 16 November 2021[63][64]
Players in bold are still available to play in Turkey national team.
Rank Name Caps Goals Career
1 Rüştü Reçber 120 0 1994–2012
2 Hakan Şükür 112 51 1992–2007
3 Bülent Korkmaz 102 2 1990–2005
4 Emre Belözoğlu 101 9 2000–2019
5 Arda Turan 100 17 2006–2017
6 Tugay Kerimoğlu 94 2 1990–2007
7 Alpay Özalan 90 4 1995–2005
8 Hamit Altıntop 82 7 2004–2014
9 Mehmet Topal 81 2 2008–2018
10 Tuncay Şanlı 80 22 2002–2010

Top goalscorers

Hakan Şükür is Turkey's all-time record goalscorer with 51 goals.
As of 19 June 2023[65]
Players in bold are still available to play in Turkey national team.
Rank Player Goals Caps Ratio Career
1 Hakan Şükür 51 112 0.46 1992–2007
2 Burak Yılmaz 31 77 0.4 2006–2022
3 Tuncay Şanlı 22 80 0.28 2002–2010
4 Lefter Küçükandonyadis 21 46 0.46 1948–1963
5 Metin Oktay 19 36 0.53 1956–1968
Cemil Turan 19 44 0.43 1969–1979
Nihat Kahveci 19 68 0.28 2000–2011
8 Cenk Tosun 18 49 0.37 2013–
9 Hakan Çalhanoğlu 17 78 0.22 2013–
Arda Turan 17 100 0.17 2006–2017

Most clean sheets

As of 19 June 2023[66]
Players in bold are still available to play in Turkey national team.
Rank Player Clean sheets Caps Ratio Career
1 Rüştü Reçber 58 120 0.48 1994–2012
2 Volkan Demirel 22 63 0.35 2004–2014
3 Turgay Şeren 16 46 0.35 1950–1966
4 Volkan Babacan 15 35 0.43 2014–
5 Mert Günok 13 26 0.5 2011–
6 Ömer Çatkıç 10 19 0.53 2000–2005
Engin İpekoğlu 10 32 0.31 1989–1999
8 Sabri Dino 7 12 0.58 1969–1975
Sinan Bolat 7 12 0.58 2009–
Uğurcan Çakır 7 22 0.32 2019–

Centuriate goals

Selçuk İnan scored Turkey's 700th overall goal in November 2015

As of 29 September 2020:[67][68]

Rank Date Scorer Opponent Score
1st 26 October 1923 Zeki Rıza Sporel  Romania 2–2
100th 23 June 1954 Mustafa Ertan  West Germany 2–7
200th 14 February 1973 Osman Arpacıoğlu  Algeria 4–0
300th 27 February 1991 Uğur Tütüneker  Yugoslavia 1–1
400th 27 March 1999 Sergen Yalçın  Moldova 2–0
500th 9 October 2004 Fatih Tekke  Kazakhstan 4–0
600th 5 September 2009 Arda Turan  Estonia 4–2
700th 3 September 2015 Selçuk İnan  Latvia 1–1
800th 13 November 2021 Kerem Aktürkoğlu  Gibraltar 6–0

Competitive record

FIFA World Cup

Main article: Turkey at the FIFA World Cup
FIFA World Cup record Qualification record
Year Result Position Pld W D* L GF GA Squad Pld W D L GF GA
Uruguay 1930 Did not enter Did not enter
Italy 1934 Withdrew Withdrew
France 1938 Did not enter Did not enter
Brazil 1950 Qualified but withdrew 1 1 0 0 7 0
Switzerland 1954 Group stage 9th 3 1 0 2 10 11 Squad 3 1 1 1 4 6
Sweden 1958 Withdrew Withdrew
Chile 1962 Did not qualify 4 2 0 2 4 4
England 1966 6 1 0 5 4 19
Mexico 1970 4 0 0 4 2 13
West Germany 1974 6 2 2 2 5 3
Argentina 1978 6 2 1 3 9 5
Spain 1982 8 0 0 8 1 22
Mexico 1986 8 0 1 7 2 24
Italy 1990 8 3 1 4 12 10
United States 1994 10 3 1 6 11 19
France 1998 8 4 2 2 21 9
South Korea Japan 2002 Third place 3rd 7 4 1 2 10 6 Squad 12 8 3 1 24 8
Germany 2006 Did not qualify 14 7 5 2 27 13
South Africa 2010 10 4 3 3 13 10
Brazil 2014 10 5 1 4 16 9
Russia 2018 10 4 3 3 14 13
Qatar 2022 1 6 3 2 28 19
Canada Mexico United States 2026 TBD TBD
Total Third place 2/22 10 5 1 4 20 17 — 139 53 27 59 204 206

UEFA European Championship

Main article: Turkey at the UEFA European Championship
UEFA European Championship record Qualifying record
Year Result Position Pld W D* L GF GA Squad Pld W D L GF GA
France 1960 Did not qualify 2 1 0 1 2 3
Spain 1964 2 0 0 2 0 7
Italy 1968 6 1 2 3 3 8
Belgium 1972 6 2 1 3 5 13
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1976 6 2 2 2 5 10
Italy 1980 6 3 1 2 5 5
France 1984 8 3 1 4 8 16
West Germany 1988 6 0 2 4 2 16
Sweden 1992 6 0 0 6 1 14
England 1996 Group Stage 16th 3 0 0 3 0 5 Squad 8 4 3 1 16 8
Belgium Netherlands 2000 Quarter-finals 6th 4 1 1 2 3 4 Squad 10 5 4 1 16 7
Portugal 2004 Did not qualify 10 6 2 2 19 8
Austria Switzerland 2008 Semi-finals 3rd 5 2 1 2 8 9 Squad 12 7 3 2 25 11
Poland Ukraine 2012 Did not qualify 12 5 3 4 13 14
France 2016 Group Stage 17th 3 1 0 2 2 4 Squad 10 5 3 2 14 9
Europe 2020 24th 3 0 0 3 1 8 Squad 10 7 2 1 18 3
Germany 2024 To Be Determined To Be Determined
Total Third place 5/16 18 4 2 12 14 30 — 120 51 29 40 152 152

UEFA Nations League

UEFA Nations League record
Season Division Group Pld W D* L GF GA P/R RK
2018–19 B 2 4 1 0 3 4 7 Same position 22nd
2020–21 B 3 6 1 3 2 6 8 Fall 29th
2022–23 C 1 6 4 1 1 18 5 Rise 35th
2024–25 B To be determined
Total 16 6 4 6 28 20 22nd

FIFA Confederations Cup

Main article: Turkey at the FIFA Confederations Cup
FIFA Confederations Cup record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA Squad
Saudi Arabia 1992 Did not qualify
Saudi Arabia 1995
Saudi Arabia 1997
Mexico 1999
South Korea Japan 2001
France 2003 Third place 3rd 5 2 1 2 8 8 Squad
Germany 2005 Did not qualify
South Africa 2009
Brazil 2013
Russia 2017
Total Third place 1/10 5 2 1 2 8 8 —

Olympic Games

Main article: Football at the Summer Olympics
Turkey at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris.
Turkey at the 1928 Summer Olympics in Amsterdam.

1968–1988 see Turkey national amateur football team. Football at the Summer Olympics has been an under-23 tournament since 1992.

Olympic Games record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA Squad
France 1924 Round 1 13th 1 0 0 1 2 5 Squad
Netherlands 1928 14th 1 0 0 1 1 7 Squad
Nazi Germany 1936 15th 1 0 0 1 0 1 Squad
United Kingdom 1948 Quarter-finals 6th 2 1 0 1 5 3 Squad
Finland 1952 8th 2 1 0 1 3 8 Squad
Australia 1956 Withdrew
Italy 1960 Round 1 14th 3 0 1 2 3 10 Squad
Japan 1964 Did not qualify
Mexico 1968
West Germany 1972
Canada 1976
Soviet Union 1980
United States 1984 Withdrew
South Korea 1988 Did not qualify
Since 1992 See Turkey national under-23 football team
Total Quarter-finals 6/14 10 2 1 7 14 34 —

Mediterranean Games

Main article: Turkey national football B team
Mediterranean Games record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA
Egypt 1951 Did not participate
Spain 1955
Lebanon 1959 Runners-up 2nd 2 1 1 0 7 4
Italy 1963 Runners-up 2nd 5 3 1 1 12 7
Tunisia 1967 Fourth place 4th 5 2 1 2 5 7
Turkey 1971 Third place 3rd 4 3 1 0 4 1
Algeria1975 Group stage 7th 4 0 2 2 1 5
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1979 Group stage 5th 3 1 1 1 2 2
Morocco 1983 Runners-up 2nd 4 2 0 2 4 5
Syria 1987 Third place 3rd 5 3 0 2 6 2
1991–present See Turkey national under-20 football team
Total Runners-up 8/10 32 15 7 10 41 33

Mediterranean Cup

Main article: Mediterranean Cup (men's football)
  1. 1949
  2. 1953
  3. 1958

Balkan Cup

Main article: Balkan Cup
Balkan Cup record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA
1929–31 Did not participate
Bulgaria 1931 Runners-up 2nd 2 1 0 1 3 5
Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1932 Did not participate
Romania 1933
Greece 1934–35
Bulgaria 1935
Romania 1936
Albania 1946
1947
1948
1973–76 Semi-finals 4th 2 1 0 1 6 7
1977–80 Group stage 3rd 4 1 1 2 4 8
Total Runners-up 3/12 8 3 1 4 13 20

ECO Cup

Main article: ECO Cup
ECO Cup record
Year Result Position Pld W D L GF GA
Iran 1965 Runners-up 2nd 2 1 1 0 3 1
Pakistan 1967 Champions 1st 4 2 2 0 8 4
Turkey 1969 Champions 1st 4 2 2 0 8 2
Iran 1970 Runners-up 2nd 3 2 1 0 4 2
Pakistan 1974 Champions 1st 3 2 1 0 3 2
Iran 1993 Did not participate
Total 3 titles 5/6 16 9 7 0 26 11

Head-to-head record

The following table shows Turkey's all-time international record, as of 25 March 2023.

  Positive Record   Neutral Record   Negative Record

  1. ^ Includes the results of  Czechoslovakia.
  2. ^ Includes the results of  West Germany.
  3. ^ Includes the results of  Soviet Union.
  4. ^ Includes the results of  Yugoslavia.

Honours

Decoration

In 2002, the national team was honored with the Turkish "State Medal of Distinguished Service" for their third place achievement at the 2002 FIFA World Cup. All the team members, coaches and officials were given medals.[69]

See also

References

Notes
  1. ^ Since the Republic was not formally declared by the time of the event, the game was played between Romania and TFF. The city also was not consistently known as Istanbul in the English speaking world until 1930
  2. ^ Turkey withdrew due to financial reasons.[8][9]
  3. ^ The official title held by Altıntop is "Executive Board Member, pertaining to National Team, "Hope" U-21 National Teams and Junior National Teams Manager.[61]
Citations
  1. ^ "Türkiye sneak through as best third-placed team". UEFA. 14 October 2015. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  2. ^ Jeffree, Iain (6 August 2015). "FIFA Country Codes". RSSSF. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
  3. ^ "The FIFA/Coca-Cola Men's World Ranking". FIFA. 24 October 2024. Retrieved 24 October 2024.
  4. ^ Elo rankings change compared to one year ago. "World Football Elo Ratings". eloratings.net. 13 November 2024. Retrieved 13 November 2024.
  5. ^ "TFF » İş Ortakları" (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation. Archived from the original on 2 September 2020. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
  6. ^ "Türkiye". www.fifa.com. Retrieved 29 June 2022.
  7. ^ UEFA.com. "Turkish Football Federation". UEFA.com. Retrieved 8 June 2022.
  8. ^ "Futbol Denen Oyun..." [This game, refer to as "football"]. Milliyet (in Turkish). 10 February 1982. p. 14.
  9. ^ "Türkiye 1950 Dünya Kupası'na şartlar yüzünden gidemedi!" (in Turkish). Milliyet. Anadolu News Agency. 27 May 2014. Archived from the original on 17 August 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
  10. ^ "Zirveye Koşuyoruz". Milliyet (in Turkish). 10 June 2004. p. 34.
  11. ^ "Türkiye, FIFA dünya sıralamasında yeniden 10. sıraya yükseldi" (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation. 17 December 2008. Archived from the original on 31 August 2020. Retrieved 31 August 2020.
  12. ^ "A Milli Takım'ın Tarihteki 'En'leri" (in Turkish). Hürriyet. Anadolu News Agency. 20 November 2007. Archived from the original on 3 September 2020. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
  13. ^ "Türkiye, İngiltere'ye ilk golü arıyor" (in Turkish). NTV (Turkey). 10 October 2003. Archived from the original on 3 September 2020. Retrieved 3 September 2020.
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference Records of Türkiye was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ "Türk futbolundan Turgay Şeren geçti" (in Turkish). Milliyet. Anadolu News Agency. 12 July 2016. Archived from the original on 2 September 2020. Retrieved 2 September 2020.
  16. ^ Erdinç, Sivritepe. "Turkey 2–2 Romania". Turkey international football matches. Retrieved 31 October 2010.
  17. ^ "Magical Magyars beating". Retrieved 16 September 2010.
  18. ^ "Brazil beat brave Turks". BBC Sport. 3 June 2002. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  19. ^ "Parks strike denies Turkey". BBC Sport. 14 June 2002. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  20. ^ "Turkey reach last 16". BBC Sport. 13 June 2002. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  21. ^ "Turkey end Japan's dream". BBC Sport. 18 June 2002. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  22. ^ "Turkey's golden delight". BBC Sport. 22 June 2002. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  23. ^ "Brazil stride into final". BBC Sport. 26 June 2002. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  24. ^ "Turkey finish in style". BBC Sport. 29 June 2002. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  25. ^ "World Cup Rewind: Hakan Şükür scores the tournament's fastest ever goal". guinnessworldrecords.com. Guinness World Records. 6 June 2014. Retrieved 25 November 2018.
  26. ^ Fastest Goals in World Cup History
  27. ^ "Turkey heroes return home". BBC Sport. 1 July 2002. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  28. ^ "Portugal 2–0 Turkey". BBC Sport. 7 June 2008. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  29. ^ "Switzerland 1–2 Turkey". BBC Sport. 11 June 2008. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  30. ^ "Turkey 3–2 Czech R & Switzerland 2–0 Portugal". BBC Sport. 15 June 2008. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  31. ^ "Turkey edge out Czechs in thriller". FIFA.com. FIFA. 15 June 2008. Archived from the original on 18 June 2008. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  32. ^ "Croatia 1–1 Turkey (1–3 pens)". BBC Sport. 20 June 2008. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  33. ^ "Germany 3–2 Turkey". BBC Sport. 25 June 2008. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  34. ^ "Terim Resignation". Guardian Sport. 7 June 2008. Retrieved 20 August 2009.
  35. ^ "Turkey marks 500th match". Hürriyet Daily News. 14 November 2012. Retrieved 15 November 2012.
  36. ^ Er, İsmail (15 November 2012). "Türkiye 1–1 Danimarka". Hürriyet Spor (in Turkish). Retrieved 15 November 2012.
  37. ^ "Terim leaves Turkey role after brawl". goal.com. Goal. 26 July 2017. Retrieved 31 January 2018.
  38. ^ "Euro 2020 team guides part 3: Turkey". Guardian. 1 June 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
  39. ^ "Croatia and Turkey resume old European rivalry in Paris". AP News. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  40. ^ "Croatia national football team: record v Turkey". www.11v11.com. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  41. ^ uefa.com (6 October 2003). "UEFA EURO 1996 - History - Turkey-Croatia – UEFA.com". Uefa.com. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  42. ^ uefa.com (20 June 2008). "UEFA EURO 2008 - History - Croatia-Turkey – UEFA.com". Uefa.com. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  43. ^ uefa.com (11 November 2011). "UEFA EURO 2012 - History - Turkey-Croatia – UEFA.com". Uefa.com. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  44. ^ uefa.com (15 November 2011). "UEFA EURO 2012 - History - Croatia-Turkey – UEFA.com". Uefa.com. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  45. ^ "Turkey 0-1 Croatia". BBC Sport. 12 June 2016. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  46. ^ "[VIDEO] Modrić golčinom srušio žestoke Turke!". Hrvatska radiotelevizija. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  47. ^ FIFA.com. "2018 FIFA World Cup Russia™ - Matches - Croatia-Turkey - FIFA.com". FIFA.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  48. ^ FIFA.com. "2018 FIFA World Cup Russia™ - Matches - Turkey-Croatia - FIFA.com". FIFA.com. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  49. ^ "[VIDEO] Hrvatska izgubila u Eskisehiru, Turci slavili 1:0". Hrvatska radiotelevizija. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  50. ^ "Turkey national football team: record v Greece". www.11v11.com. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  51. ^ Duke, Greg. "Top 10 international rivalries". edition.cnn.com. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
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  53. ^ "Faroe Islands vs. Turkey" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. 25 September 2022. Retrieved 25 September 2022.
  54. ^ "Türkiye vs. Scotland". Mackolik. 16 November 2022. Retrieved 16 November 2022.
  55. ^ "Türkiye vs. Czechia". Mackolik. 19 November 2022. Retrieved 19 November 2022.
  56. ^ "Armenia vs. Turkey" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. 25 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
  57. ^ "Turkey vs. Croatia" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. 28 March 2023. Retrieved 28 March 2023.
  58. ^ "Latvia vs. Turkey" (JSON). Union of European Football Associations. 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
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  60. ^ "Koçak ve Lichte, A Millî Takım teknik ekibine katıldı" [Koçak and Lichte joined in the Technical Staff of Turkey National Team] (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation. 27 September 2021.
  61. ^ "TFF Yönetim Kurulu Üyeleri" [TFF Members of Board of Directors] (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation. Retrieved 27 September 2021.
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  63. ^ "En Fazla Milli Olan Oyuncularımız" (in Turkish). Turkish Football Federation. Archived from the original on 9 June 2021. Retrieved 9 June 2021.
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Bibliography
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