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2020 Summer Olympics

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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Matt Keefe (talk | contribs) at 21:07, 15 May 2012 (Changed the word 'welcome' to 'host' in the introduction; 'welcome' sounds like marketing speak, carries a value judgement and lacks objectivity.). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

The 2020 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXXII Olympiad, will be a major international sports and cultural festival, celebrated in the tradition of the Olympic Games.

The International Olympic Committee has begun the selection process for the host city. Five applicant cities, Istanbul, Tokyo, Baku, Doha and Madrid, are competing to host the Games. The IOC will select Candidate Cities on 23 May 2012. The host city will be elected in Buenos Aires on 7 September 2013, at the 125th IOC Session.[1]

Bidding process

The Olympic bidding process begins with the submission of a city's application to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) by its National Olympic Committee (NOC) and ends with the election of the host city by the members of the IOC during an ordinary session. The process is governed by the Olympic Charter, as stated in Chapter 5, Rule 34.[2]

Since 1999, the process has consisted of two phases. During the first phase, which begins immediately after the bid submission deadline, the "applicant cities" are required to answer a questionnaire covering themes of importance to a successful Games organization. This information allows the IOC to analyze the cities' hosting capacities and the strengths and weaknesses of their plans. Following a detailed study of the submitted questionnaires and ensuing reports, the IOC Executive Board selects the cities that are qualified to proceed to the next phase. The second phase is the true candidature stage: the accepted applicant cities (from now on referred to as "candidate cities") are required to submit a second questionnaire in the form of an extended, more detailed, candidature file.[3] These files are carefully studied by the IOC Evaluation Commission, a group composed of IOC members, representatives of international sport federations, NOCs, athletes, the International Paralympic Committee, and international experts in various fields.[4] The members of the Evaluation Commission then make four-day inspection visits to each of the candidate cities, where they check the proposed venues and are briefed about details of the themes covered in the candidature file. The Evaluation Commission communicates the results of its inspections in a report sent to the IOC members up to one month before the electing IOC Session.[3]

The IOC Session in which a host city is elected takes place in a country that did not submit an application to stage the Olympics.[3] The election is made by the assembled active IOC members (excluding honorary and honor members), each possessing one vote. Members from countries that have a city taking part in the election cannot vote while the city is in the running. The voting is conducted in a succession of rounds until one bid achieves an absolute majority of votes; if this does not happen in the first round, the bid with the fewest votes is eliminated and another voting round begins. In the case of a tie for the lowest number of votes, a special runoff vote is carried out, with the winner proceeding to the next round. After each round, the eliminated bid is announced.[5][6] Following the announcement of the host city, the successful bid delegation signs the "Host City Contract" with the IOC, which delegates the responsibilities of the Games organisation to the city and respective NOC.[7]

Bidding timeline

The timeline of the host city selection process was approved by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) executive board as follows:[1][8]

  • 2011:
16 May – IOC sent letters inviting the National Olympic Committees (NOCs) to submit bids
July and August – IOC asked for NOCs to submit letters regarding compliance with the World Anti-doping Agency code by 29 July. The IOC also requested submissions of proposed dates if countries want to stage the Games outside the normal period set by the IOC (15 July to 31 August). The IOC responded to NOCs on these points by the end of August.
1 September – Deadline to submit the names of cities interested in hosting the 2020 Summer Games
2 September – IOC confirmed that they had received six bids
3–4 November – IOC held an information seminar for 2020 applicants
8 December – IOC announced the drawing lots order of applicant cities
  • 2012:
15 February – application files and guarantee letters submitted to the IOC
23 May – IOC executive board in Quebec City[9] decides which cities are approved as official candidate cities[10]
27 July – 12 August – Olympic Games Observers’ Programme at the Games of the XXX Olympiad in London
November – London 2012 debrief in Rio de Janeiro
  • 2013:
7 January – Submission of the official bid books
February–April – Visits of the IOC evaluation commission to each bidding city
TBD – Report of the IOC evaluation commission
June – Candidate Cities briefing to IOC Members in Lausanne
7 September – Election of the host city at 125th IOC Session

Applicant cities

Madrid bid for the 2020 Summer OlympicsIstanbul bid for the 2020 Summer OlympicsDoha bid for the 2020 Summer OlympicsBaku bid for the 2020 Summer OlympicsTokyo bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics
Applicant cities and countries (click on circles for links to bid articles)

Five cities have been put forward by their respective National Olympic Committees (NOCs) to apply to host the Games. Six cities were put forward initially, but Rome withdrew its bid shortly before the applicant files were due.[11] The bidding cities come from two continents, Europe and Asia. In 2020 it will have been 12 years since an Asian city hosted the Summer Olympics (Beijing 2008) and 8 years since a European city hosted the Summer Olympics (London 2012). Out of the five bidders, Tokyo had previously hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1964. The other four bidders have made bids in the past. It is the first time in 20 years that no city in the Americas bid to host the Summer Olympic Games. Rio de Janeiro was awarded the 2016 Summer Olympics. Baku and Doha bid for the 2016 Games but failed to become candidate cities, while Tokyo and Madrid also bid for the 2016 Games and became candidate cities. The cities bidding for the 2020 Olympics are, in order of drawing lots:[12]

Turkey Istanbul, Turkey

Further information: Istanbul bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics

Istanbul was nominated on 7 July 2011, at the 123rd IOC session in Durban, and was confirmed as Turkey's bid on 24 July 2011.[13][14] Turkey's candidacy was announced officially by PM Erdogan on 13 August 2011.[15] This is Istanbul's fifth bid for the Summer Olympic Games.

Istanbul is home to various modern sporting venues. The Türk Telekom Arena, Atatürk Olympic Stadium and Şükrü Saracoğlu Stadium, which were built or renovated in the first decade of the 21st century, are three UEFA Elite Stadiums in Istanbul.

Japan Tokyo, Japan

Further information: Tokyo bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics

Tokyo was selected by the Japanese Olympic Committee on 16 July 2011, and was confirmed as Japan's bidding city for the 2020 Games. The city is going forward with its bid following the March 2011 earthquake and tsunami which affected much of eastern Japan.[16][17]

Tokyo had previously hosted the 1964 Summer Olympics. Japan has also hosted the Winter Olympics twice. The 1972 and 1998 Winter Olympics were organised in Sapporo and Nagano respectively. Japan previously co-hosted the 2002 FIFA World Cup with South Korea; the final was held in Yokohama, near Tokyo. Japan will host the 2019 Rugby World Cup and two of the venues for the event are located in the Greater Tokyo Area.

Azerbaijan Baku, Azerbaijan

Further information: Baku bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics

It was announced at the 1 September deadline for bidding that Baku has submitted a bid to host the 2020 Olympics.[18] Baku submitted their application file to the IOC on 1 February 2012.[19] The National Assembly of Azerbaijan voted to endorse the bid in February 2012.[20]

Qatar Doha, Qatar

Further information: Doha bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics

On 26 August 2011, Doha announced that they are bidding for the 2020 Games.[21][22]

Doha hosted the 2006 Asian Games and the 2011 Pan Arab Games. In 2010, Qatar was selected to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup. Several stadiums will be located in Doha. The country also hosted the 1988 and 2011 AFC Asian Cups.

Spain Madrid, Spain

Further information: Madrid bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics

Madrid was nominated by the Spanish Olympic Committee executive committee on 1 June 2011.[23] It received official confirmation by the government on 12 July 2011. Madrid lost to Rio de Janeiro in the final round of voting in their bid for the 2016 Olympics.

Spain previously hosted the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. The country hosted the 1982 FIFA World Cup and the final was held in Madrid. The city has also hosted the 1986 World Aquatics Championships.

Cancelled bids

Italy Rome, Italy
Further information: Rome bid for the 2020 Summer Olympics

Rome was nominated by the Italian National Olympic Committee on 19 May 2010. Italy's capital city was chosen over Venice as the country's bid for the 2020 Games.[24][25]

Rome previously hosted the Summer Olympics in 1960. It bid to host the 2004 Games but lost to Athens in the final round of voting. Rome hosted the 2009 World Aquatics Championships as well as the 1990 FIFA World Cup final. Italy previously hosted the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin and the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo.

However the Italian government withdrew its support from the bid on the eve of the delivery of the application files, stating that it would not be a responsible use of money in "Italy's current condition."[26]

Bids which did not go to application

The following cities proposed bidding; however, they did not bid, or even formally announce their intentions to bid.

The following cities proposed submitting bids but announced prior to the 1 September deadline that they would not put forth a bid. The following list is in order of cancellation:

  • Czech Republic Prague, Czech Republic cancelled its bid because of the global financial crisis.[42]
  • Romania Bucharest, Romania decided not to proceed with its bid because the city hall's general counsellors believed the project would be unachievable.[43]
  • Japan Hiroshima, Japan decided to pull out following poor public reaction to the bid and also because of a lack of funding.[44]
  • South Korea Busan, South Korea decided not to bid following Pyeongchang's successful bid for the 2018 Winter Olympics.[45]
  • France Paris, France is now expected to bid for the 2024 Olympic Games, as France pulled out of the 2020 bid following the defeat of Annecy's bid for the 2018 Winter Olympics. 2024 would coincide with the 100th anniversary of the 1924 Olympics which were held in the French capital.[46]
  • United Arab Emirates Dubai, United Arab Emirates was considering a bid for 2020 but decided to instead wait until 2024.[47]
  • Canada Toronto, Canada was considering a bid for 2020 but announced on 11 August 2011, it was not bidding, citing financial issues despite high public support in and around the Greater Toronto Area.[48]
  • South Africa Durban, South Africa was discussed as a potential bid, however it was announced on 17 August 2011, that South Africa would not put forth a 2020 bid.[49]
  • Russia Saint Petersburg, Russia decided not to bid despite having discussed the plan with the head of the Russian Olympic Committee. They withdrew on 22 August 2011, instead planning on bidding for either 2024 or 2028.[50]
  • United States Multiple cities in the United States were interested in bidding but the USOC confirmed that the US would not bid, citing financial reasons.[51][52] The IOC stated that it would have liked to receive a bid for 2020 from the United States.[53] On 29 August 2011, it was revealed that Las Vegas submitted a bid to the IOC without USOC consent. The IOC rejected the bid.[54]

Sports

The 2020 Olympic program will include a maximum of 28 sports. At the 125th IOC Session in Buenos Aires, the IOC will vote on whether to include one of the following sports in the program: baseball, karate, roller sports, softball, sport climbing, squash, wakeboarding, and wushu.[55]

Television rights

On 6 January 2011, the IOC announced that it was considering packaging the U.S. television rights for four Olympics instead of the usual two: the 2016 and 2020 Summer Olympics, and the 2014 and 2018 Winter Olympics. The IOC's lead negotiator Richard Carrion told the Associated Press the bidding war would be waged among NBC, ESPN, Fox and perhaps a CBS/Turner coalition. "We realize this is a major decision going forward for any of these guys," the IOC member from Puerto Rico said. "I would certainly support it if they want to go to four games, and do all the way to 2020."[56]

IOC president Jacques Rogge heads the exclusive TV Rights and New Media Commission, but the organization of bidding falls to Carrion, who meets regularly with the networks to stoke interest in airing Sochi 2014 and Rio de Janeiro 2016. In packaging four Olympics, Carrion had another two Games to sell, but the 2018 host city would not be selected until 6 July and the 2020 host until 2013. The IOC took its time to seek a new deal for the U.S., hoping to ride out a recession to get the best price possible. The U.S. television rights are the IOC's single-largest source of revenue.[56]

On 7 June 2011, the IOC awarded the U.S. television rights to the four Olympics to NBC in a deal worth more than $4 billion.[57]

Below are the confirmed television right holders:

Notes

  1. ^ a b Six Applicant Cities for the 2020 Olympic Games – 2 September 2011 – International Olympic Committee
  2. ^ Olympic Charter (PDF). International Olympic Committee. 1 September 2004. ISBN 92-9149-001-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 June 2008. Retrieved 4 June 2008. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ a b c "Host City Election Procedure". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 19 June 2008. Retrieved 4 June 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  4. ^ "Role and composition of the Evaluation Commission". 117th IOC Session. International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 13 June 2008. Retrieved 4 June 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ "FAQ – ELECTION OF AN OLYMPIC GAMES HOST CITY – Host city election". International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 17 July 2008. Retrieved 4 June 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  6. ^ "Election procedure". 117th IOC Session. International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 1 June 2008. Retrieved 4 June 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "The Organizing Committees of the Olympic Games". The Movement. International Olympic Committee. Archived from the original on 6 June 2008. Retrieved 4 June 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ Executive Board concludes first meeting of the new year 13 January 2011.
  9. ^ "SportAccord Convention 2012 Awarded to Québec City". Canadian Sport Tourism Alliance (CSTA). Retrieved 27 March 2012. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ "2020 Olympic Bids Huddle With IOC". Aroundtherings.com. 3 November 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  11. ^ Six Applicant Cities for the 2020 Olympic Games – International Olympic Committee press release – 2 September 2011
  12. ^ "Games organisers present activity reports to IOC Executive Board". Olympic.org. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  13. ^ "Turkey Prime Minister confirms Istanbul bid for 2020 Olympics | 2020 Summer Olympics". insidethegames.biz. 24 July 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  14. ^ "Istanbul To Bid Again – This Time For 2020 Summer Games". GamesBids.com. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  15. ^ "Istanbul 2020 will be "platform for change" promises Turkish Prime Minister | 2020 Summer Olympics". insidethegames.biz. 13 August 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  16. ^ Himmer, Alastair (15 July 2011). "Olympics-Tokyo tiptoes into 2020 bid race". Reuters.
  17. ^ "JOC launches bid for 2020 Olympics on centennial day | The Japan Times Online". Japan Times. 17 July 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  18. ^ "Azerbaijan bids for 2020 Olympics in Baku". ESPN. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
  19. ^ Azerbaijan Submits Baku 2020 Bid Application To IOC
  20. ^ "Azerbaijani Parliament Supports Baku 2020". Gamesbids.com. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  21. ^ "Doha launches bid for 2020 Olympics | Doha Stadium Plus". Dohastadiumplusqatar.com. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  22. ^ "Qatar's Doha officially launches bid for 2020 Olympics". English.alarabiya.net. 26 August 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  23. ^ "La Ejecutiva del COE aprobaría la candidatura de Madrid 2020" (in Spanish). La Vanguardia. 1 June 2011. Retrieved 13 June 2011.
  24. ^ "Rome Is Italy's Candidate In 2020 Summer Games Bid". GamesBids.com. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
  25. ^ "ROMA 2020 – Sala Stampa e News – News". 2020roma.it. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
  26. ^ Simpson, Victor. "Rome's 2020 Olympic bid scrapped by Monti". Retrieved 14 February 2012.
  27. ^ Wayne Smith (5 August 2008). "Government backs AOC plan for Brisbane Olympics". The Australian. Archived from the original on 17 September 2008. Retrieved 12 October 2008. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  28. ^ "Proposal: the Brisbane Expo 2020 Olympiad". Foundationexpo88.org. Retrieved 2 May 2011.
  29. ^ "Out of Many, Few Will Bid: The Candidates for 2020 Olympics". Aroundtherings.com. 31 March 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  30. ^ "Berlin mayor wants to make Olympics bid". Thelocal.de. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  31. ^ "Act on the Preparation of the Budapest Olympic Bid". BOM Association. 18 December 2008. Retrieved 2 October 2009.
  32. ^ "Delhi will bid for 2020 Olympics". BBC News. 28 April 2007.
  33. ^ "India Won't Bid For 2020 Games". Gamesbids.com. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  34. ^ "Bidding for the Games- 100 Days to 2018 Decision; Annecy Protests; Kenya Bidding". Aroundtherings.com. 28 March 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  35. ^ Kuala Lumpur set to be city where 2022 Winter Olympics decided
  36. ^ "Quiere México los Juegos Olímpicos 2020". esmas.com. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  37. ^ "Quiere Emilio González unos Juegos Olímpicos". oem.com.mx. Retrieved 2 August 2011.
  38. ^ "Out of Many, Few Will Bid: The Candidates for the 2020 Olympics". Aroundtherings.com. 31 March 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  39. ^ "Lisbon 2016 or 2020". Esporte.uol.com.br. 27 November 2004. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  40. ^ "Artificial island in plans for 2020 Lisbon bid". Dn.sapo.pt. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  41. ^ "Ojective: Lisbon 2020". Risco4.wordpress.com. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  42. ^ "It’s Official – Prague Out Of 2020 Bid". GamesBids.com, 16 June 2009.
  43. ^ "Bucharest will not host the Summer Olympic Games in 2020 / General counsellors rejected the project". HotNews.ro, 17 December 2010.
  44. ^ "Hiroshima Opts Out Of 2020 Olympic Bid". GamesBids.com, 22 May 2011.
  45. ^ "S.Korea's Busan pulls plug on 2020 Games bid". Reuters Africa, 7 July 2011.
  46. ^ "France rules out 2020 Olympic Games bid, USA Today, July 12, 2011". USA Today. 12 July 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  47. ^ "Olympics—Dubai opts out of 2020 bid, targets 2024". Reuters, 29 July 2011.
  48. ^ "Toronto won't bid for 2020 Olympics". CBC News, 11 August 2011.
  49. ^ Lelo Mzaca (17 August 2011). "Mbalula drops 2020 Olympics bid". Eyewitness News. Retrieved 5 March 2012. {{cite web}}: Text "17 Aug 2011" ignored (help)
  50. ^ "Петербург решил не претендовать на проведение Олимпиады-2020" (in Russian). Rosbalt.ru. Retrieved 22 August 2011.
  51. ^ "US pulls out of bid for 2020 Summer Olympics – Olympics – ESPN". ESPN. 22 August 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  52. ^ "USOC confirms – United States won't bid for 2020 Olympics". GamesBids.com. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  53. ^ "IOC ponders 2020 autumn Olympics". BBC News. 26 August 2011.
  54. ^ "Exclusive: Las Vegas submitted 2020 Olympic bid to IOC without USOC Concurrence". GamesBids.com. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  55. ^ "IOC announces new events for Sochi 2014, shortlisted sports for 2020". Retrieved 6 July 2011.
  56. ^ a b "Bidders Want U.S. TV Rights Through 2020; Sochi Progress". Aroundtherings.com. 6 January 2011. Retrieved 5 March 2012.
  57. ^ McCarthy, MIchael (7 June 2011). "NBC wins U.S. TV rights to four Olympic Games through 2020". USA Today.
  58. ^ "IOC awards TV rights in Germany, Korea, France". USA Today. 5 July 2011. Retrieved 27 March 2012. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  59. ^ a b "IOC awards SBS broadcast rights for 2018, 2020, 2022 and 2024 Olympic Games". Olympic.org. 4 July 2011. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
  60. ^ "IOC awards US broadcast rights for 2014, 2016, 2018 and 2020 Olympic Games to NBCUniversal". Olympic.org. 7 June 2011. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
Preceded by Summer Olympic Games
Host City
XXXII Olympiad (2020) 		Succeeded by
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