Barbie (film)

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This article is about the 2023 live-action film. For the animated Barbie films, see List of Barbie films.

Barbie
In a sky, a large styled pink "B" with Margot Robbie as Barbie sitting waiting out her right arm and Ken lying down in an angle with his head resting on his right clenched hand. A tagline reads: "She's everything. He's just Ken."
Theatrical release poster
Directed byGreta Gerwig
Written by
Based onBarbie
by Mattel
Produced by
Starring
Narrated byHelen Mirren
CinematographyRodrigo Prieto
Edited byNick Houy
Music by
Production
companies
Distributed byWarner Bros. Pictures
Release dates
  • July 9, 2023 (2023-07-09) (Shrine Auditorium)
  • July 21, 2023 (2023-07-21) (United States)
Running time
114 minutes[1]
CountryUnited States[1]
LanguageEnglish
Budget$145 million[2]
Box office$22.3 million[3]

Barbie is a 2023 American fantasy comedy film directed by Greta Gerwig from a screenplay she wrote with Noah Baumbach.[4] Based on the Barbie fashion dolls by Mattel, it is the first live-action Barbie film after numerous computer-animated direct-to-video and streaming television films. The film stars Margot Robbie as Stereotypical Barbie and Ryan Gosling as Stereotypical Ken, as they leave Barbieland on a journey of self-discovery, alongside an ensemble cast that includes America Ferrera, Kate McKinnon, Michael Cera, Ariana Greenblatt, Issa Rae, Rhea Perlman, Helen Mirren, and Will Ferrell.

A live-action Barbie film was first announced in September 2009 by Universal Pictures with Laurence Mark producing, but development began in April 2014, when Sony Pictures acquired the film rights to the character. Following multiple writer and director changes and the casting of Amy Schumer and later Anne Hathaway in the titular role, Sony lost the rights, which were transferred to Warner Bros. Pictures in October 2018, with Robbie being cast in 2019. Gerwig was announced as director and co-writer with Baumbach in 2021. Gosling and the rest of the cast were announced in early 2022. Filming took place primarily at Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden in England and on the Venice Beach Skatepark in Los Angeles, California from March to July 2022.

Barbie premiered at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles on July 9, 2023, and was released theatrically across the United States on July 21, 2023, by Warner Bros. Pictures. The film received positive reviews for its humor, production design, costumes and performances, especially those of Robbie and Gosling.

Plot

Stereotypical Barbie and a wide range of fellow Barbies all reside in Barbieland, a matriarchal society where all women are self-confident, self-sufficient, and successful. While their Ken counterparts spend their days engaging in recreational activities at the beach, the Barbies hold all important job positions, working as doctors, lawyers, and politicians. Stereotypical Ken, Barbie's boyfriend, is only happy when with Barbie and seeks a closer relationship, but Barbie rebuffs him in favor of independence and female friendships. During a dance party, Stereotypical Barbie suddenly becomes stricken with worries about her own mortality. The next day, she finds she can no longer complete her usual routine and activities, and her hair and skin are no longer free of blemishes. She meets with Weird Barbie, a local outcast, who tells her that in order to cure her mysterious affliction, she must travel into the real world and find the child playing with her.

On the way to the real world, Stereotypical Ken stows away in Stereotypical Barbie's convertible. Arriving at Venice Beach through a portal, the pair cause multiple antics in the area, alarming the Mattel CEO, who orders their capture. Stereotypical Barbie tracks down her owner, a tween girl named Sasha, who criticizes Barbie for encouraging unrealistic beauty standards and shallow consumerism. A distraught Barbie discovers that Gloria, a Mattel employee and Sasha's mother, is the catalyst of her existential crisis. Gloria began playing with Sasha's Barbie toys while experiencing her own identity crisis, inadvertently transferring her concerns to Stereotypical Barbie. Stereotypical Barbie is almost caught by Mattel's CEO and his subordinates, but Gloria and Sasha rescue her and the three travel together to Barbieland.

Meanwhile, Stereotypical Ken learns about the American patriarchal system, and feels important and accepted for the first time. Returning to Barbieland, he easily persuades the other Kens into taking over. The Barbies are rapidly subjugated into submissive roles as maids, housewives, and agreeable girlfriends. Arriving in Barbieland, Stereotypical Barbie tries to convince Ken and the Barbies to return things to the way they were, only to be rebuffed. Sasha inspires a depressed Barbie by acknowledging the inherent contradictions of American femininity. With the encouragement of Sasha, Gloria, Weird Barbie, Allan, and other abandoned toy lines, the Barbies free themselves from the Kens and manipulate the Kens to fight amongst themselves on the Barbieland beach.

After a truce, the Barbies quickly regain their systemic power, and both Stereotypical Barbie and Ken apologize to one another and each acknowledge their failings. Ken bemoans that he has no identity or purpose without Barbie, to which Barbie encourages him to foster an autonomous identity. Stereotypical Barbie, who remains unsure of her own purpose and identity, meets with the ghost of Mattel co-founder Ruth Handler. Ruth explains that Barbie's story has no set ending and her ever-evolving history surpasses that of her roots. Moved by this, Stereotypical Barbie decides to become human and return to the real world. Some time later, Gloria, her husband, and Sasha take Barbie, now going by the name "Barbara Handler",[a] to a gynecologist for her first appointment.

Cast

Margot Robbie at the 2016 San Diego Comic Con International in San Diego, California.
Ryan Gosling at the 2017 San Diego Comic Con International in San Diego, California.
Margot Robbie (left) and Ryan Gosling (right) portray Barbie and Ken, respectively.

Production

Development

Development on a film based on the Barbie toy line began in September 2009, when it was announced that Mattel had signed a partnership to develop the project with Universal Pictures and with Laurence Mark as producer, but nothing came to fruition.[24] In April 2014, Mattel teamed with Sony Pictures to produce the film, which would have Jenny Bicks writing the screenplay and Laurie Macdonald and Walter F. Parkes producing through the Parkes+MacDonald Image Nation banner they created. Filming at the time was anticipated to begin by the end of the year.[25] In March 2015, Diablo Cody was brought onto the project to rewrite the screenplay, and Amy Pascal joined the producing team.[26] Sony would again have rewrites done to the screenplay later that year, hiring Lindsey Beer, Bert V. Royal, and Hillary Winston to write separate drafts.[27]

Greta Gerwig at the 2018 Berlin International Film Festival in Berlin, Germany.
Director Noah Baumbach speaks about the courtroom scene in his film Marriage Story.
Barbie director Greta Gerwig (left) co-wrote the screenplay with her partner, Noah Baumbach.

In December 2016, Amy Schumer entered negotiations to star in the title role with Winston's screenplay; Schumer helped rewrite the script with her sister, Kim Caramele.[28] In March 2017, Schumer exited negotiations, blaming scheduling conflicts with the planned June 2017 filming start; in 2023 she revealed she left the project due to creative differences with the film's producers at the time.[29][30] That July, Anne Hathaway was under consideration for the title role, with Sony hiring Olivia Milch to rewrite the screenplay and approaching Alethea Jones to direct as a means to interest Hathaway into signing on.[31] Jones was attached to direct by March 2018.[32] That August, Robbie Brenner had been hired as producer by Mattel CEO Ynon Kreiz with the rights reverting back to Mattel, with Kriez having the intention to repossess the rights following the expiration of Sony's option. Later, Brenner was hired to run Mattel Films.[33][34] Later, the expiration of Sony's option on the project in October 2018 and its transfer to Warner Bros. Pictures would see the departures of Hathaway, Jones, Macdonald, Parkes and Pascal. Margot Robbie would enter early talks for the role, with Patty Jenkins briefly considered for the director position.[35] Kreiz was determined to cast Robbie in the titular role after meeting with her following his hiring as CEO. Eventually, Brenner had partnered with Robbie's production company, LuckyChap Entertainment, with Robbie's husband Tom Ackerley and Josey McNamara being listed as producers.[33][34] Robbie's casting was confirmed in July 2019.[5] Robbie had also been the producer and had pitched the film to Warner Bros. During the green-light meeting, Robbie had compared the film to Steven Spielberg's Jurassic Park (1993) and had also jokingly suggested that it would gross over a billion dollars.[36] Later on, she had also hired Greta Gerwig as the screenwriter as she had enjoyed Gerwig's filmography, particularly Little Women (2019). She had approached Gerwig while she was in post-production for another film.[37] who accepted the role on the condition that her partner Noah Baumbach would also write the screenplay.[38] Gerwig would sign on to also direct the film in July 2021.[39] Robbie stated that the film's aim is to subvert expectations and give audiences "the thing you didn't know you wanted."[40]

Writing

Gerwig and Baumbach were given full creative freedom in writing the film. They collaborated on the screenplay during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns of 2020–2021 and described the writing process as "open" and "free". Gerwig's film treatment consisted of an abstract poem on Barbie influenced by the Apostles' Creed. For the narrative arc, she was partially inspired by the 1994 non-fiction book Reviving Ophelia by Mary Pipher, which accounts the effects of societal pressures on American adolescent girls. She also found inspiration in classic Technicolor musicals such as The Red Shoes (1948) and The Umbrellas of Cherbourg (1964), which is she quoted saying of: "They have such a high level of what we came to call authentic artificiality. You have a painted sky in a soundstage. Which is an illusion, but it's also really there. The painted backdrop is really there. The tangibility of the artifice is something that we kept going back to".[41] The script also contains candid criticism of Mattel, which had caused some skepticism among Mattel officials when they received the first version. However, Kriez had ultimately decided to trust Gerwig while Brenner had noted that "being safe in this world doesn't work" as she had interpreted Barbie to be a "bold" and "trailblazer" figure. As a result, Will Ferrell's portrayal as a Mattel CEO was meant to be an allegory for corporate America, which Kriez had responded to by praising Ferrell and noting that while Mattel officials took their brands seriously, they did not take themselves seriously.[34]

She was also influenced by her childhood experiences with the doll, as her mother had discouraged her from purchasing the dolls, but eventually allowed her to.[42] Opting to acknowledge the controversial nature of the Barbie doll, Gerwig had chosen to create a film in which she would be both "doing the thing and subverting the thing", in the sense that she would be celebrating the feminism behind Barbies while also noting the controversial beauty standards associated with it. She had also been fascinated with the idea that humans create dolls, which in turn imitate humans, feeling that "we're in constant conversation with inanimate objects" while also conveying an afirmative message to the audience to "just be yourself and know that that's enough". The film deliberately juxtaposed contradictory messaging, such as by critiquing consumerism yet glamorizing plastic products and the ending of the film, in which Barbie desires to be more than just a plastic doll. Gerwig had ultimately made the film as an "earnest attempt to make amends" with the intention of affirming the worth of women and conveying the impossibility of perfection, which some perceived to be standards associated with Barbie.[43][44] Reflecting upon the maximalism of Barbie, Gerwig additionally opined that the "ontology of Barbie" was similar to what she perceived as Shakespeare's maximalism, which she had enjoyed in his works. Ultimately, she had grounded the film in what she had described as a "heightened theatricality that allows you to deal with big ideas in the midst of anarchic play".[45]

Gerwig described the film as being anarchic, unhinged, and humanist.[42][46] She felt that the film had originated from the "deep isolation of the pandemic", opining that the line in which Margot Robbie says "Do you guys ever think about dying?" exemplifies the film's anarchic nature. She also found the idea of Barbie being "constrained in multitudes" as "all of these women are Barbie and Barbie is all of these women" to be "trippy" and felt as a result, Barbie did not need to have her own personal life, as she was attuned to her environment. She also described the story as mirroring a girl's journey from childhood to adolescence, though she did not deem it to be a coming of age film and felt that the film ultimately "ends up, really, about being human".[42] Primarily, she began her writing by interpreting Barbie as living in a utopia and eventually experiencing reality, where she would have to "confront all the things that were shielded from them in this place [Barbieland]". Additionally, she had also drawn parallels to the story of Adam and Eve and taking inspiration from John Milton's Paradise Lost, particularly being inspired by the concept that there is "no poetry without pain".[38] To underscore the tragic elements of Barbie and Ken facing the real world, she had chosen to focus on elements of dissonance.[37] As such, she chose to keep a scene featuring Robbie's Barbie tell an older woman that she's beautiful after being requested to remove it, as she felt that the scene had epitomized "the heart of the movie". Furthermore, she also desired to provide a "counterargument" to Barbie by featuring a scene in which Barbie learns that some women do not like her, and felt it gave the film "real intellectual and emotional power".[46] As such, a scene is featured in which Barbie is being stared at inappropriately on the Venice Beach, which Gerwig chose to feature as she had felt it was a universal experience, being especially relevant for actors. She had been inspired by an audition she did in which she wore overalls and felt that she did not perform well in.[47] Barbie also explores the negative consequences of hierarchical power structures, with Gerwig saying that she had extrapolated that "Barbies rule and Kens are an underclass" and felt it was similar to the Planet of the Apes.[46] Ken as an overall character had very low self-esteem and had primarily desired to receive approval from Barbie, which Gerwig had identified as a good source for a story. Gosling had compared Gerwig's vision to Milton Glaser's I Love New York logo as he had felt Gerwig had created the film's characters as a way of understanding the contemporary world.[48] The decision to provide a dance number for Ken had been inspired after realizing that Ken was a overall character who had very little self-esteem. Ken has the only power ballad in the film, and Gerwig had identified it as the moment in which she felt the film had transcended what a Barbie movie traditionally should have been.[43]

Casting

In October 2021, Ryan Gosling entered final negotiations to play Ken in the film.[14] America Ferrera, Simu Liu and Kate McKinnon were cast in February 2022.[49][50][51] Liu auditioned for the film after his agent raved about the script being one of the best they had ever read.[52] In March 2022, Ariana Greenblatt, Alexandra Shipp, and Emma Mackey were revealed to be in the cast.[53][54][55] Will Ferrell joined the cast in April, along with Issa Rae, Michael Cera, Hari Nef, Kingsley Ben-Adir, Rhea Perlman, Ncuti Gatwa, Emerald Fennell, Sharon Rooney, Scott Evans, Ana Cruz Kayne, Connor Swindells, Ritu Arya and Jamie Demetriou.[56][57][58][59] In April 2023, John Cena was announced in the film per the trailer that was released on the same day. It was later revealed that Cena had joined the film after paying for Robbie's meal in London during production.[60]

During the casting process, Gerwig and Robbie looked for actresses with "Barbie energy" (which was described as "a certain ineffable combination of beauty and exuberance").[41] Mackey revealed in a 2022 interview with Empire that much of the supporting cast would be playing various iterations of Barbie and Ken.[55] In an interview with Vogue in May 2023, Robbie revealed that she wanted Gal Gadot to play a Barbie in the film, but Gadot was unavailable due to scheduling conflicts.[61] Helen Mirren narrated the film's trailer and also filmed a brief cameo for the film.[62] Gerwig wanted her frequent collaborators Timothée Chalamet and Saoirse Ronan to make cameo appearances, but neither were available.[63]

Set design

Sarah Greenwood and Katie Spencer serve as set designer and decorator, respectively, on the film. For the Barbie Dreamhouse, the pair drew inspiration from the mid-century modernist architecture found in Palm Springs, including the Kaufmann Desert House by Richard Neutra, as well as the photography of Slim Aarons. Gerwig wanted to capture "what was so ridiculously fun about the Dreamhouses", alluding to its previous models, and referenced Pee-wee's Big Adventure, the paintings of Wayne Thiebaud, and Gene Kelly's apartment flat in the 1951 Technicolor musical An American in Paris. "Everything needed to be tactile, because toys are, above all, things you touch", Gerwig was quoted saying of the use of practical effects instead of CGI to capture the sky and the San Jacinto Mountains. The set design is also noted for its extensive use of a specific shade of pink paint, Pantone 219, which reportedly resulted in an international shortage.[64][65] She had also sought to use practical builds and had to first film sequences in miniature models and then composite the footage onto the actual image. She had already discussed the production design with cinematographer Rodrigo Prieto, Greenwood, and costume designer Jacqueline Duran a year beforehand to prepare for the film.[66] Gerwig had also called director Peter Weir for inspiration on Barbie Land, with the initial idea of creating it as an "interior soundstage world".[47]

Costumes

Costume designer Jacqueline Durran, who had previously collaborated with Gerwig on Little Women (2019), employed a practical approach to create Barbie's wardrobe: "The defining characteristic of what she wears is where she's going and what she's doing, [i]t's about being completely dressed for your job or task." To match the film's Barbieland setting, Durran and her team created costumes made of roughly fifteen color combinations "that riffed off the idea of a French Riviera beach in the early 1960s" and drew inspiration from actress Brigitte Bardot. For Ken's outfits, Durran zeroed in a look composed of colorful sportswear from the 1980s, while actor Ryan Gosling suggested a Ken-branded underwear for the character. Durran closely adapted outfits from past iterations of Barbie dolls, such as the 1993 "Western Stampin'" dolls and the 1994 "Hot Skatin'" dolls. She noted the Barbie dolls as "a very useful way to look at different ideas of femininity: what that means, who owns it, and who it's aimed at" and reflected this idea in how she dressed the characters. While the majority of the clothing featured in the film were sourced by Durran and her team, they also pulled pieces from the fashion archives of Chanel.[67]

Filming

Principal photography began in March 22, 2022 at Warner Bros. Studios, Leavesden in England and wrapped on July 21, 2022.[68] Among the notable filming locations was the Venice Beach Skatepark in Los Angeles, California.[69] Rodrigo Prieto served as cinematographer.[70] Prior to filming, Gerwig had organized a sleepover with the female cast members in order for them to establish positive relationships while also feeling that it "would be the most fun way to kick everything off".[42] She had also opted to use filming techniques from the 1950s, as Barbie had been a popular toy since 1959, with the intention of recreating a period-accurate look.[66] Additionally, she also watched Powell and Pressburger's A Matter of Life and Death (1946) in order to understand how older visual effects were used to provide a sense of theatricality. To highlight the tragic nature of Barbie and Ken facing the difficulties of the real world, she had directed Margot Robbie and Ryan Gosling to act as if they were in a drama.[37] Reshoots took place in Los Angeles in April 2023.[71]

Music

Main article: Barbie: The Album

Alexandre Desplat, who had collaborated with Gerwig on Little Women (2019), was set to score Barbie in early September 2022.[72] However, by May 2023, Desplat had left the project, with Mark Ronson and Andrew Wyatt taking over scoring duties.[73] Over the course of a year, Ronson was tasked with curating a soundtrack that matched Gerwig's vision for Barbie. As the film was being edited in post-production, Ronson and Gerwig would show scenes from the film to artists they wanted on the soundtrack.[74]

The film's soundtrack, Barbie: The Album, was released on July 21, 2023. The album featured songs by artists Ava Max, Charli XCX, Dominic Fike, Fifty Fifty, Gayle, Haim, Ice Spice, Kali, Karol G, Khalid, Sam Smith, Lizzo, Nicki Minaj, Billie Eilish, PinkPantheress, Tame Impala, the Kid Laroi, and cast members Ryan Gosling and Dua Lipa.[75] "Dance the Night" by Dua Lipa was released as the album's lead single on May 26, 2023.[76] It was followed by "Watati" by Karol G on June 2, 2023. "Angel" by PinkPantheress was released on June 9, 2023.[77][78] "Barbie World" by Nicki Minaj and Ice Spice was released as the album’s fourth single on June 23, 2023.[79] The album's fifth single, "Speed Drive" by Charli XCX was released on June 30, 2023.[80] On July 6, 2023, the album's sixth single, "Barbie Dreams" by Fifty Fifty and Kaliii was released.[81] On July 10, 2023, Warner Bros. released a preview clip of Ryan Gosling singing "I'm Just Ken".[82] The album's seventh single, "What Was I Made For?" by Billie Eilish, was released on July 13, 2023.[83]

Despite fan expectations for the 1997 song "Barbie Girl" by the pop band Aqua to feature in the film, Ulrich Møller-Jørgensen, manager for Aqua lead singer Lene Nystrøm, said that it was not used. Variety speculated that this was due to bad relations between Mattel and MCA Records, the song's American publisher, who engaged in a series of lawsuits over the song from 1997 to 2002.[84] "Barbie World", a rework of the song, will instead be featured in the film.[85][79] It samples "Barbie Girl";[86] Aqua is credited as a performer and co-writer on the track.[86][87] Despite not being included in the official soundtrack, Spotify included "Barbie Girl" in its official Barbie playlist.

Marketing

Logo used in the tie-in merchandises; note the presence of the subtitle The Movie below

Barbie was promoted with an extensive marketing campaign. In the months leading up to the release of the film, Mattel entered into several Barbie-themed promotional partnerships and collaborations with various brands including Airbnb,[88] Aldo,[89] Bloomingdale's,[90] Chi Haircare,[91] Forever 21,[92] Gap,[93] Hot Topic,[94] Krispy Kreme Philippines,[95] Primark,[96] Spirit Halloween,[97] Ulta,[98] and Xbox.[99] Additionally, studio parent company Warner Bros. Discovery promoted the film through its TV channels, including an HGTV renovation reality competition series titled Barbie Dreamhouse Challenge, co-produced by Mattel Television, which was set to premiere shortly before the film's release.[100]

A first-look image of the film was revealed during a Warner Bros. presentation at CinemaCon in April 2022. Released to the public on April 27, 2022, the image saw Margot Robbie as Barbie, sitting behind the wheel of her iconic pink 1956 Chevrolet Corvette.[101] Collider complimented Robbie in the image, stating: "This photo is just further proof that Robbie was made to play this role. She just looks like a Barbie doll come to life—it's almost uncanny".[102] On June 15, 2022, a second still featuring Ryan Gosling as Ken was released.[103] Despite noting similarities between his look in the image and his previous roles, The Guardian asserted that "there is a very strong chance that this will be [Gosling's] defining role".[104]

A booth dedicated to Barbie was opened at the 2022 CCXP event in São Paulo, Brazil.[105] The first teaser trailer for the film debuted during preview screenings of Avatar: The Way of Water in December 2022. It featured a parody of the opening "Dawn of Man" sequence in Stanley Kubrick's 1968 film 2001: A Space Odyssey, in which Robbie (clad in Barbie's original 1959 outfit) imitates an alien monolith whose influence on the history of dolls is narrated by Mirren.[106] Along with a theatrical poster, the teaser trailer was released to the public on December 16, 2022.[107] Rolling Stone praised the 2001 homage and vibrant colors of trailer, and remarked on its vague outlining of the plot: "One has to wonder when, or better yet how, it will all get shaken up".[108]

On April 4, 2023, twenty-four character posters of the several Barbies and Kens featured in the film—each tagged with brief descriptions—were shared on the Barbie's social media accounts.[109] Empire remarked: "You might have thought that Multiverse fever would be constrained generally to comic book films and never-would-have-called-it Oscar winners [Everything Everywhere All at Once]. But [...] it seems Greta Gerwig's Barbie movie will also be flooding the screen with variants, this time of plastic dolls Barbie and Ken".[110] A second teaser trailer was unveiled shortly after the release of the posters. It featured a rendition of the Beach Boys' 1964 surf rock song "Fun, Fun, Fun".[111] The Washington Post noted that the "visually striking" and "polysemic" teaser captivated multiple demographics because of its humor, color palette, and the Barbie doll's cross-generational appeal.[112] An official trailer for the film was released on May 25, 2023.[113] Critics noted for its existential tone set against upbeat music.[114][115][116][117] Ben Travis of Empire said: "There's much to discuss here—not least, that it looks visually impeccable" and speculated Academy Awards attention for its production and costume design.[118]

A parade float was featured at the 2023 WeHo Pride Parade in Los Angeles to promote the film. Two of its LGBTQ+ cast members, Alexandra Shipp and Scott Evans, were present during the event.[119]

In June 2023, a French Barbie poster went viral for including the tagline "Elle peut tout faire. Lui, c'est juste Ken.", which literally translates to "She can do everything. He's just Ken." However, ken is the verlan slang term for "fuck" in French, i.e. the phonological inversion of nique, while c'est ("he is") is a homophone for sait ("he knows how"), meaning the tagline could be read as "She can do everything. He just knows how to fuck." Analysts concluded that it was likely the pun was intentional, as the slang term is common knowledge among French speakers, though Warner Bros. would neither confirm nor deny whether this was the case.[120]

An all pink billboard used to promote Barbie. This image depicts a pink field, with the words 'July 21st' written in a stylized font in the bottom right-hand corner.
An all-pink billboard used to promote the film.

Leading up to the release, pink billboards, blank apart from the film's release date, have appeared worldwide, and a real-world "Barbie Dreamhouse" in Malibu, California became available to rent through Airbnb.[121]

On July 14, 2023, SAG-AFTRA, an American labor union of film, television, and voice actors, declared a strike action, effectively halting any promotional event that involves any member in the guild.[122] Robbie showed her support in the action.[123]

To coincide with the release of the film, a stop-motion animated crossover trailer with the Seth Rogen-produced animated film Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Mutant Mayhem was released on July 20, 2023.[124]

Release

See also: Barbenheimer

Barbie had its world premiere at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles on July 9, 2023,[125] followed by the European premiere at Cineworld Leicester Square in London on July 12, 2023.[126] It is scheduled to be released theatrically in the United States and the United Kingdom on July 21, 2023,[127][128] taking over the original release date of Coyote vs. Acme.[129] Previous iterations of the project were set for June 2, 2017;[130] May 12, 2017;[131] June 29, 2018;[132] August 8, 2018;[133] and May 8, 2020.[134]

The film is set to be released on the same day as Oppenheimer, a biographical film about J. Robert Oppenheimer written and directed by Christopher Nolan based on the book American Prometheus, and distributed by Universal Pictures. Due to the tonal and genre contrast between the two films, many social media users have taken to making memes and ironic posts about how the two films represent different audiences,[135] and how the two films should be viewed as a double feature.[136] The trend has been dubbed "Barbenheimer".[137] In an interview with La Vanguardia, Oppenheimer star Cillian Murphy endorsed the phenomenon, saying, "My advice would be for people to go see both, on the same day. If they are good films, then that's cinema's gain."[138]

Nine-dash line controversy

See also: Territorial disputes in the South China Sea and Nine-dash line
Following the news of Vietnam's ban of the film, some media outlets pointed to a scene featured in the film's trailer which shows a drawing of a world map with a curved line of dashes alongside "Asia"; Warner Bros. stated that it was "not intended to make any type of statement."

The controversy over the alleged appearance of the nine-dash line (a maritime border running through the South China Sea set and claimed by the Government of the People's Republic of China) in the film began when Vietnam's film censorship authority banned the film for allegedly displaying such lines. In contrast, the Philippine counterpart instead requested that the lines in question be blurred. Both countries have banned the films Abominable (2019) and Uncharted (2022) for featuring the actual nine-dash line.[139][140] The nine-dash line is controversial due to maritime border disputes between China, Vietnam, Taiwan, Malaysia, Brunei, and the Philippines.[141]

Vietnam

On July 3, 2023, Vietnamese newspaper Tuổi Trẻ quoted Vi Kiến Thành [vi], head of the Department of Cinema, as announcing that Barbie would be banned in Vietnam because it contained "the offending image of the nine-dash line."[142][143] The Tiền Phong newspaper reported that the nine-dash line "appears multiple times in the film".[144][145] The film was originally scheduled to be released in Vietnam on July 21.[146]

Speaking to Voice of America, Trịnh Hữu Long (founder of the research group Legal Initiatives for Vietnam) said "The censors will even be praised for overreacting to the unclear map, by both their superiors and the public, because anti-China sentiment runs deep into the country’s political culture," and that "The government is surely using legitimate nationalist reasoning to strengthen its entire censorship system," while Michael Caster at the free expression group Article 19 said "Maps are political, and borders often bear historical wounds, but rather than ensuring free and open discussion, the knee jerk response to censor seldom supports historical or transitional justice".[147]

Speaking to Vox, UC Berkeley professor Peter Zinoman said, "To the Chinese, the nine-dash line signifies their legitimate claims to the South China Sea," and "To the Vietnamese, it symbolizes a brazen act of imperialist bullying that elevates Chinese national interest over an older shared set of interests of socialist brotherhood," while Harvard University professor Huệ-Tâm Hồ Tài [vi] said since the producers of the film were aiming for the mainland Chinese market in the hopes that it would be a blockbuster, "they are ready to accept the [mainland China's] view of geography. Disinformation works by repetition." New York University professor Kevin Li said, "In my view, banning [Barbie] was a no-brainer."[148]

The Philippines

When news of Vietnam's ban reached the Philippines, Senator Francis Tolentino, vice chairman of the Philippine Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, told CNN Philippines that Barbie may also be banned in the country because it "denigrates" Filipino sovereignty.[149] Senator Jinggoy Estrada called the film to be banned over the alleged inclusion of the nine-dash line; opposition senator Risa Hontiveros quipped "the movie is fiction, and so is the nine-dash line", and suggested adding a disclaimer to the film instead of banning its release.[150] Senator Robin Padilla, chairman of the Senate mass media committee, suggested that the film producers must edit out references to the nine-dash line or risk the film being banned.[151]

On July 11, the Philippines' Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB) gave the film PG rating, allowing it to be screened in the country, but requested Warner Bros. to "blur the controversial lines in order to avoid further misinterpretations".[152][153] The board also found that the line in the film was "not U-Shaped" and had "eight dots or dashes" instead of nine.[154] Senator Tolentino said that he respected the MTRCB's decision, but expressed his dismay at it emerging a day before the seventh anniversary of the Permanent Court of Arbitration ruling that declared the nine-dash line had no legal basis on July 12, 2016.[155][156] The film was released in the Philippines on July 19, 2023.[156]

World map drawing and Warner Bros.' statement

With the rising concerns over the alleged appearance of the nine-dash line, several media outlets pointed to a drawing of a world map which appears in a trailer for the film.[157][158][159][160] The Los Angeles Times described the particular image as a "map of 'the real world' [which] looks as if it's been drawn in crayon by a child" with a line of dashes "alongside the coast of what should be China."[157] On July 6, 2023, Warner Bros. issued a statement explaining that the map in the concerned image is a "child-like crayon drawing", with the dashed lines depicting Barbie's journey from Barbie Land to the real world and was "not intended to make any type of statement".[161][162] The statement drew criticism in an article from The Interpreter, published by the Lowy Institute in Australia, which said "maps had meanings" and that "Hollywood has given some cartoonish credibility to the nine-dash line will confirm for the Chinese Communist Party the success of their relentless pursuit of its legitimacy."[163]

Reception

Box office

In the United States and Canada, Barbie was released alongside Oppenheimer, and is projected to gross $90–125 million from 4,200 theaters in its opening weekend, with Warner Bros. predicting a $75 million debut.[164] The week of their release, AMC Theatres announced that over 40,000 AMC Stubs members had pre-booked tickets to both films on the same day.[165] The film made $22.3 million from Wednesday and Thursday night previews, the best total of 2023 (besting Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 3's $17.5 million).[166]

Critical response

On the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, 90% of 266 critics' reviews are positive, with an average rating of 8.1/10. The website's consensus reads: "Barbie is a visually dazzling comedy whose meta humor is smartly complemented by subversive storytelling."[167] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 80 out of 100, based on 62 critics, indicating "generally favorable" reviews.[168] Audiences polled by PostTrak reported that moviegoers gave the film an average 4.5 out of 5 stars, with 79% saying they would definitely recommend it.[169]

In his review for the Chicago Tribune, Michael Philips called Barbie "a lovely, eccentrically imaginative example of brand extension and raw, untrammeled commercialism", applauded the production design, and summed: "The crucial partnership here is the one between director and performer, Gerwig and Robbie; anything Gerwig and Baumbach's verbally dexterous script requires, from Barbie's first teardrop to the final punchline, Robbie handles with unerring precision".[170] Richard Brody of The New Yorker called it "brilliant, beautiful and fun as hell", claiming the "giddily stylized vision of a doll coming to life makes a serious case for the art of adapting even the most sanitized I.P." and commended the "free and wild" direction as well as the "profuse and exquisite" visual aesthetics.[171] Charlotte O'Sullivan of the London Evening Standard hailed the film as "easily the comedy of the year" and similarly added: "One of the funnest and funniest movies ever made, it’s also breezily outrageous […] By refusing to play safe, star and producer Margot Robbie, and writer-director Greta Gerwig, have done themselves proud".[172] In The Guardian, Peter Bradshaw awarded Barbie a 3 out of 5 stars, describing it as "beamingly affectionate and deliriously pink-themed" but "perhaps a giant two-hour commercial for a product" and highlighted Gosling as a scene-stealer.[173]

Lovia Gyarke of The Hollywood Reporter called the film a "tricky balancing act of corporate fealty and subversion" lauding Gerwig's direction, the set design, costumes, soundtrack and lead performances, but criticizing the "muddled politics and flat emotional landing".[6] Variety critic Peter Debruge praised the humor for "giv[ing] us permission to challenge what Barbie represents" and lauded Gosling's performance, but concluded that the film is an "an intellectual experience, not an emotional one, grounded largely in audience nostalgia."[174] In the Vulture component of New York, Alison Willmore commended the lead performances, particularly that of Robbie, whom she characterized is "as capable of heartbreaking earnestness as humor, and who sometimes effortlessly achieved both at once", but lamented on the themes of the film, opining that it "doesn't ultimately want to do much more than talk itself in circles about these themes".[175] On a similar note, Stephanie Zacharek of Time praised the lead performances and technical aspects, but criticised the "self aware" nature of the film especially following the first half-hour, concluding that it is a feminist film "only in the most scattershot way," and that it's not "subversive."[176]

Accolades

Barbie won Best Teaser at the 2023 Golden Trailer Awards.[177] It won Most Anticipated Film at the 6th Hollywood Critics Association Midseason Film Awards.[178]

Analysis

Existentialism

Barbie has been characterized as exploring themes of existentialism.[179][180][181] Lucy Bord of GQ wrote that the film "ruminates on the very idea of what makes us human, the idea of 'the other', whether there's truly such a thing as autonomy or if we're all simply pawns to be picked up and disposed of when we are no longer useful". Bord observed that, the film, Barbie and Ken go on "opposite but equal" journeys of self-discovery, after venturing out into the Real World and learning that it is a oppressive patriarchal society as opposed to the matriarchal utopia that is Barbieland, and get "caught in the crosshairs of being both sentient and someone else's idea, battling with free will and the omnipresent predetermined rules about where to go and how to act".[182] In Vogue India, Varya Srivastava applied Beauvoirian concepts of existentialism and individualism to Barbie, arguing that "individualism makes you question societal norms and expectations [...] Even for Barbie, this has been brewing for a while. She has tried to be inclusive and representative. She has tried to acknowledge the feminist critique and now has jobs like being the President, a scientist, a doctor. But the burden of being a role model in a world that is questioning morality and embracing multiplicity is a lot. Existentialism thrives in that gap between what is and what ought to be.[183]

Alissa Wilkinson of Vox compared Barbieland to the biblical Garden of Eden, with Barbie and Ken as inverted parallels of Adam and Eve. She saw Barbie and Ken's first impression "that they’re suddenly self-conscious and aware of being looked at" in the Real World as the film's version of original sin.[184]

Notes

  1. ^ A reference to Ruth Handler's real-life daughter after whom the dolls were named.

See also

References

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External links

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