Libertarian Democrat
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In American politics, a libertarian Democrat is a member of the Democratic Party with political views that are relatively libertarian compared to the views of the national party.[1][2]
While other factions of the Democratic Party such as the Blue Dog Coalition, the New Democrat Coalition and the Congressional Progressive Caucus, are organized in the Congress, the libertarian faction is not organized in such a way.
Ideology
Libertarian Democrats support the majority of positions of the Democratic Party, but they do not necessarily share identical viewpoints across the political spectrum; that is, they are more likely to support individual and personal freedoms, although rhetorically within the context of Democratic values.[3]
Libertarian Democrats oppose NSA warrantless surveillance. In 2013, well over half the House Democrats (111 of 194) voted to defund the NSA's telephone phone surveillance program.[4]
Former representative and current Governor Jared Polis of Colorado, a libertarian-oriented Democrat, wrote in Reason magazine: "I believe that libertarians should vote for Democratic candidates, particularly as our Democratic nominees are increasingly more supportive of individual liberty and freedom than Republicans".[5] He cited opposition to the Stop Online Piracy Act, support for the legalization of marijuana, support for the separation of church and state, support for abortion rights and individual bodily autonomy, opposition to mass surveillance and support for tax-code reform as areas where the majority of Democrats align well with libertarian values.[5]
While maintaining a relatively libertarian ideology, they may differ with the Libertarian Party on issues such as consumer protection, health care reform, anti-trust laws and the overall amount of government involvement in the economy.[3]
History
Modern era
After election losses in 2004, the Democratic Party reexamined its position on gun control which became a matter of discussion, brought up by Howard Dean, Bill Richardson, Brian Schweitzer and other Democrats who had won in states where Second Amendment rights are important to many voters. The resulting stance on gun control brought in libertarian minded voters, influencing other beliefs.
In the 2010s, following the revelations by Edward Snowden about NSA surveillance in 2013, the increasing advent of online decentralization and cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, the perceived failure of the war on drugs and the police violence in places like Ferguson, Democratic lawmakers such as Senators Ron Wyden, Kirsten Gilibrand and Cory Booker and Representative Jared Polis have worked alongside libertarian Republicans like Senator Rand Paul and Representative Justin Amash to curb what is seen as government overreach in each of these areas, earning plaudits from such traditional libertarian sources as Reason magazine.[6][7][8][9] The growing political power of Silicon Valley, a longtime Democratic stronghold that is friendly to economic deregulation and strong civil liberties protections while maintaining traditionally liberal views on social issues, has also seriously affected the increasingly libertarian leanings of young Democrats.[10][11][12]
The libertarian faction has influenced the presidential level as well in the post-Bush era. Alaska Senator and presidential aspirant Mike Gravel left the Democratic Party midway through the 2008 presidential election cycle to seek the Libertarian Party presidential nomination,[13] and many anti-war and civil libertarian Democrats were energized by the 2008 and 2012 presidential campaigns of libertarian Republican Ron Paul.[14][15] This constituency has arguably embraced the 2016 and 2020 presidential campaigns of independent Democrat Bernie Sanders for the same reasons.[16][17] In the state of New Hampshire, libertarians operating from the Free State Project have been elected to various offices running as a mixture of both Republicans and Democrats. [18][19] A 2015 Reuters poll found that 22% of Democratic voters identified themselves as "libertarian," more than the percentage of Republicans but less than the percentage of independents.[20]
Public figures
House of Representatives
- Former Representative Tulsi Gabbard of Hawaii — earned the praise of libertarian Ron Paul for her strong anti-war stances.[21] She joined efforts with her libertarian-leaning colleagues in Congress Justin Amash, Thomas Massie and Rand Paul in legislation aimed to defund the National Security Agency, audit the Federal Reserve and promote a more non-interventionist foreign policy.[22] She also gained the support of former New Mexico Governor and two-time Libertarian Party presidential candidate Gary Johnson during her 2020 presidential bid.[23]
- Former Representative Tim Penny of Minnesota — described as a fiscal conservative, Penny worked for the libertarian-leaning Cato Institute after leaving Congress.[24]
Senate
- Senator Cory Booker of New Jersey — described by a longtime friend as having a "libertarian bent" as mayor of Newark, New Jersey. Booker supported a number of policies backed by libertarians, including charter schools, school voucher programs, and enterprise zones.[25] Daniel J. Mitchell of the Cato Institute identifies Booker as having libertarian views in his strong opposition to the war on drugs.[26]
- Senator Ron Wyden of Oregon — known for his civil libertarian views and cooperation with libertarian Republican Senator Rand Paul in efforts against the use of domestic drones and warrantless surveillance.[27][28]
- Former Senator Russ Feingold of Wisconsin — known for his civil libertarian views and for being the sole senator to vote against the USA Patriot Act in 2001.[29][30]
- Former Senator Mike Gravel of Alaska — after his time in the Senate, Gravel unsuccessfully ran for the Democratic presidential nomination in 2008, switching to the Libertarian Party the same year and losing its nomination as well (see Mike Gravel 2008 presidential campaign).[31][32]
Governors
- Governor and former U.S. Representative Jared Polis of Colorado — identifies as a libertarian.[33] In 2014, the libertarian magazine Reason described Polis as "left-libertarianish"[34] and the "most libertarian-leaning Democrat" in Congress due to his role as "a leading voice on civil liberties, from gun rights to online privacy, from defending Bitcoin to advocating legal weed."[35] Polis has written an op-ed in Reason magazine arguing that libertarian-inclined citizens should vote for Democrats.[36] Polis has emphasized digital freedom issues and opposition to mass surveillance and warrantless wiretapping.[36] While in Congress, he was an occasional Democratic visitor to now-Libertarian Representative Justin Amash's otherwise Republican-dominated House Liberty Caucus.[37] As Colorado governor, Polis vetoed in 2019 three bills that would have created occupational licensing requirements for homeowners' association managers, sports agents, and genetic counselors; the vetoes reflected Polis' libertarian leanings.[38][39]
- Former Governor Bill Richardson of New Mexico.[40]
- Former Governor Brian Schweitzer of Montana.[41][42]
- Former Governor Jerry Brown of California[43][44]
State Representatives
- Amanda Bouldin, New Hampshire, Free State Project participant and former Tea Party activist [45]
- Elizabeth Edwards, New Hampshire House of Representatives (2014–2018), has been described by WMUR as "having a libertarian streak".[46]
- Joseph Stallcop, New Hampshire House of Representatives (2016–2018), left the Democratic Party for the Libertarian Party in 2017, describing his views as "classically liberal".[47]
Authors and scholars
- Camille Paglia, educator and feminist author.[48][49]
Others
- KGO Radio host and former presidential candidate Gene Burns.[50]
- Former Democratic National Committee Press Secretary Terry Michael.[51]
See also
References
- ^ "Reclaiming our Jeffersonian liberal heritage, with a back to the future re-branding of the Democratic Party". TerryMichael.net. Washington: Terry Michael. 2006-07-04. Archived from the original on 2011-07-21. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
- ^ "Now playing at Reason.tv: Interview with a libertarian Democrat!". YouTube.com. Mountain View, Calif.: YouTube LLC. 2008-08-28. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
- ^ a b Moulitsas, Markos (2006-07-07). "The Libertarian Dem". The Daily Kos. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Blake, Aaron (2013-08-01). "Libertarian Democrats: A movement in search of a leader". Washington Post. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ a b Polis, Jared (2014-10-30). "Vote Democratic for Real Libertarian Values". Reason Magazine. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Lake, Eli (2013-02-26). "Rand Paul and Ron Wyden, Drone Odd-Couple". The Daily Beast. Retrieved 2015-06-06.[dead link]
- ^ Shackford, Scott (2014-03-04). "Ban the Dollar!". Reason Magazine. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Voorhees, Josh (2015-03-13). "Pot's Path Forward". Slate. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Kim, Seung Min (2014-07-08). "Cory Booker and Rand Paul team up for justice". Politico. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Roose, Kevin (2013-01-24). "Political Leanings of Silicon Valley". New York Magazine.
- ^ Kotkin, Joel (2014-01-09). "How Silicon Valley Could Destabilize the Democratic Party". Forbes. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Hamby, Peter (2014-04-07). "Can Silicon Valley disrupt the Democratic Party?". CNN. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Wheaton, Sarah (2008-03-26). "Gravel to Run for Libertarian Nod". The New York Times. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Steinmetz, Katy (2011-12-30). "Six Reasons Ron Paul Has Appeal Beyond the GOP". Time Magazine. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Koerner, Robin (2012-05-29). "Blue Republican or Red Democrat? The reEVOLution Crosses Party Lines". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Schwarz, Hunter (2015-05-01). "Why Bernie Sanders is the Democratic Ron Paul – And Why He Isn't". Washington Post. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ Weber, Peter (2015-05-04). "Why Bernie Sanders is the Ron Paul of 2016". The Week. Retrieved 2015-06-06.
- ^ "Free State Project Watch: Candidate List 2016". fsp.org. Retrieved 19 March 2019.
- ^ O'Brien, Jack. "How the Free State Project Is Influencing New Hampshire Politics". Retrieved 19 March 2019.
- ^ Welch, Matt. "19% of Americans Self-Identify as Libertarians, New Reuters Poll Finds". Reason.com. Retrieved 31 March 2019.
- ^ Stancy Correll, Diana (May 6, 2019). "Ron Paul calls Tulsi Gabbard 'very best' Democratic candidate". Washington Examiner. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
- ^ Boehm, Eric (January 11, 2019). "Tulsi Gabbard, Iraq War Veteran and Skeptic of America's Wars, Will Run for President in 2020". Reason. Retrieved October 23, 2019.
- ^ "Libertarian Gary Johnson offers 'whatever I can do' to help Tulsi Gabbard in New Hampshire amid third party talk around the candidate". Business Insider.
- ^ "Profile: Tim Penny". Campaign 2002. St. Paul, Minn.: Minnesota Public Radio. 2002-09-12. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
- ^ Eidelson, Josh (July 17, 2014). "Rand Paul and Cory Booker's Washington Love Affair". Bloomberg.
- ^ Daniel, Mitchell J. (July 18, 2012). "Cory Booker's Libertarian Case Against the Drug War".
- ^ Jacobs, Ben (2013-02-26). "Rand Paul and Ron Wyden, Drone Odd-Couple". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on June 4, 2013. Retrieved 2013-08-31.
- ^ Nick Gillespie, Five myths about libertarians, Washington Post (August 2, 2013).
- ^ Conor Friedersdorf, Russ Feingold Tried to Warn Us About Section 215 of the Patriot Act, The Atlantic (June 14, 2013).
- ^ Jesse Walker, A Farewell to Feingold, Reason (November 3, 2010).
- ^ Sarah Wheaton, Gravel to Run for Libertarian Nod, New York Times (March 26, 2008).
- ^ "Libertarian Party" in Historical Dictionary of United States Political Parties (ed. Harold F. Bass Jr.: Scarecrow Press: 2d ed., 2009), p. 180: "Among the more prominent Democrats in the Libertarian camp is former senator Mike Gravel ... who ran unsuccessfully for the presidential nominations of both the Democratic and Libertarian parties in 2008."
- ^ Jared Polis, Colorado’s governor, is an unusual breed: a libertarian Democrat, Economist (March 30, 2019).
- ^ Scott Shackford (April 5, 2014). "Ban the Dollar!". Reason.
- ^ Scott Shackford, The Gamer Congressman: Is Rep. Jared Polis the first in a wave of libertarian-leaning video game enthusiasts?, Reason (June 2014).
- ^ a b Jared Polis, Vote Democrat for Real Libertarian Values, Reason (October 30, 2014).
- ^ Robert Draper, Has the 'Libertarian Moment' Finally Arrived?, New York Times Magazine (August 7, 2014).
- ^ Alex Muresianu, Colorado's Jared Polis Is the Latest Governor to Embrace Licensing Reform, Reason (June 5, 2019).
- ^ Krista Kafer, Polis' libertarian streak shows in his vetoes of three more occupational license, Denver Post (June 7, 2019).
- ^ David Weigel, The Real Bill Richardson: Is the presidential contender a libertarian Democrat?, Reason (August/September 2007).
- ^ "Markos Moulitsas: the case for the libertarian Democrat". Cato Unbound. Washington: Cato Institute. 2006-10-02. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
- ^ "Whatever happened to the libertarian Democrat?". Reason.com. Los Angeles: Reason Magazine. 2008-08-27. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
- ^ Ben Smith, Jerry Brown, Libertarian, Politico (September 9, 2011).
- ^ "Decentralism" in The Encyclopedia of Libertarianism (SAGE: 2008: ed. Ronald Hamowy), p. 112: "In post-World War II American politics, decentralist themes can be found in such disparate groups as ... the Democratic left (former California Governor and Oakland Mayor Jerry Brown)."
- ^ Sterling, Bruce. WIRED https://www.wired.com/2012/12/meanwhile-in-the-libertarian-free-state/. Retrieved 19 February 2020.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help) - ^ Adam Sexton (May 25, 2018). "Father, daughter on opposite sides of political aisle in Concord". WMUR.
- ^ Johnston, Bob (May 10, 2017). "Another New Hampshire legislator switches to the Libertarian Party". Libertarian Party. Retrieved December 28, 2019.
- ^ "Idea flying, a maverick breaks the feminist mold". The Milwaukee Journal. Milwaukee, Wisc.: Journal Communications Inc. 1992-12-06. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
- ^ "Hark, a libertarian looks to her right". The Sydney Morning Herald. Sydney, Australia: John Fairfax Holdings. 2005-04-19. Retrieved 2005-04-19.
- ^ "I have re-registered as a Democrat". KGO-AM Radio. San Francisco: KGO-AM Radio. 2008. Archived from the original on December 16, 2010. Retrieved 2011-06-22.
- ^ "Why won't the Dems show some leadership on Iraq?". Reason.com. Los Angeles: Reason Magazine. 2007-01-11. Retrieved 2011-06-22.