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Demographics of Bihar

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As per 2011 Census of India, Bihar is third most populated state of India with total population of 103,804,637 (54,185,347 Male and 49,619,290 Female) [1][2] Only 11.3% of the population of Bihar lives in urban areas, which is lowest in India after Himachal Pradesh.[3][4]

Population

Population by Age group [5]
Age Group Total Male Female
0-4 12706072 5623280 5382792
5-9 12804302 6705263 6099039
10-14 11063777 5970201 5093576
15-19 7190188 4028643 3161545
20-24 6323193 3180063 3143130
25-29 5908308 2894706 3013602
30-34 5549787 2713871 2835916
35-39 5077935 2576089 2501846
40-44 4153203 2213770 1939433
45-49 3461664 1778368 1683296
50-54 2711041 1543620 1167421
55-59 2069940 990011 1079929
60-64 2103909 1120743 983166
65-69 1354937 683656 671281
70-74 1029921 571438 458483
75-79 446860 233961 212899
80+ 565647 312207 253440
Age not stated 177825 103905 73920
All ages 82998509 43243795 39754714

Key data

Religious demographics

Main article: Religion in Bihar
File:Muslims in bihar 2011 India.jpg
Muslims in Bihar 2011 India Census
Religion in Bihar [10]
Religion Population
Hinduism 86,076,919
Islam 17,722,048
Christianity 53,137
Sikhism 20,780
Buddhism 18,818
Jainism 16,085
Other 52,905
not stated 37,817
Total 100,998,509

Sum total in above table is 103998509, while population in 2011 census was 104099452. Hinduism is practiced by 82.7% of the population and forms the majority religion in the state.[11][12] Islam is practiced by 16.9% of the population, and other religions nearly 0.2% only.[13][12]

[15][15]
Religion in Bihar[14]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 82.7%
Islam
 
 16.9%
Others
 
 0.4%

[16]

Caste demographics

Castes of Bihar[17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]
Caste Population (%)
OBC/EBC 42% (Yadavs -11%, kushwahas(Koeris) -9%,Kurmis-6%)[27][28]( EBCs - 23.4%(16.4% Hindu + 6% Muslim)[29][30][31][32][33] -includes
,[34] some Muslims caste also come under EBC category.
Mahadalits* + Dalits(SCs) 16%[35][36](includes Dusadh- 9%, Musahar- 2.8%[37])
Muslims 16.9%[11]
Forward caste [38] 23 % (Bhumihar7%, Brahmin-7.5% Rajput-8% Kayastha3%)
Adivasis(STs) 1.3% [39][40]
Others 0.4% (include Christians,Sikhs,Jains)
  • As per, 2011 Census of India , Scheduled Castes constitute 16% of Bihar's 104 million population.[41][42] The census identified 21 of 23 Dalit sub-castes as Mahadalits.[43] Mahadalit community consists of the following sub castes - Bantar, Bauri, Bhogta, Bhuiya, Chaupal, Dabgar, Dom (Dhangad), Ghasi, Halalkhor, Hari (Mehtar, Bhangi), Kanjar, Kurariar, Lalbegi, Musahar, Nat, Pan (Swasi), Rajwar, Turi, Dhobi, Pasi, Chamar and Paswan (Dusadh).[44] Paswan caste was initially left out of the Mahadalit category.[45][46][47] Adivasis (Scheduled Tribes) constitute around 1.3% of Bihar population.[48][49][50] Tribals include Gond, Santhal and Tharu communities in Bihar.[51][52]
  • Extremely Backward Class (EBCs) are also sometimes referred to as Most Backward Class(MBCs). There are 130-odd EBC castes in Bihar.[31][53][54]

Linguistic demographics

Languages of Bihar[55]
Language Language family Speakers (%)
Hindi Indo-Aryan 70.12%
Bhojpuri Indo-Aryan 14%
Magahi Indo-Aryan 12%
Maithili Indo-Aryan 51.27%
Urdu Indo-Aryan 16.91%
Bengali Indo-Aryan 0.53%
Santali Austroasiatic 0.47%
See also: Bihari languages, Angika, Bhojpuri, Magadhi, Maithili language, Urdu Language, and Magadhi Prakrit

Hindi and Urdu are the official languages of the state, whilst the majority of the people speak one of the Bihari languages - Bhojpuri, Magadhi, Maithili or Angika. Bhojpuri and Magahi are sometimes considered dialects of Hindi, while Maithili and Angika are not. Maithili is also one of the recognised regional language of India as per the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution of India.

Educational Demographics

Education in Bihar [56]
Level Persons Male Female
Literate without educational 1,715,049 1,109,731 605,318
Below Primary 7,890,329 4,754,137 3,136,192
Primary 8,334,709 5,130,917 3,203,792
Middle 4,390,226 3,012,151 1,378,075
Secondary 4,751,560 3,439,918 1,311,642
Higher Secondary 1,826,093 1,385,282 440,811
Technical Diploma 24,989 20,088 4,901
Non-technical Diploma 48,532 40,458 8,074
Graduate & above 2,109,415 1,737,651 371,764
Unclassified 18,675 14,043 4,632
Main articles: Education in Bihar and Literacy In Bihar

Bihar has a total literacy rate of 69.83%. Overall Male and Female literacy rate is 70.32% and 53.57% respectively.[57] Total Rural literacy rate is 43.9%. In rural areas of Bihar, Male and Female literacy rate is 57.1 and 29.6 respectively. Total Urban literacy rate is 71.9. In urban areas of Bihar, Male and Female literacy rate is 79.9 and 62.6 respectively. .[58] Total number of literates in Bihar is 3,16,75,607 which consists 2,09,78,955 Male and 1,06,96,652 Female. Patna has highest Literacy Rate of 63.82% followed by Rohtas (62.36%) and Munger (60.11%). Kishanganj has lowest Literacy Rate of 31.02% followed by Araria (34.94%) and Katihar (35.29%).

Economical demographics

Main article: Economy of Bihar

The economy of Bihar is largely service orientated, but it also has a significant agricultural base. The state also has a small industrial sector. As of today, agriculture accounts for 35%, industry 9% and service 55% of the economy of the state[59]

Ethnic groups

Bihar's major ethnic group is Indo-Aryan including Bhojpuris, Maithils and Magahis.[60]

Districts

Districtwise Demographics[61]
Districts of Bihar Total Population
2001
 Male Population
2001
 Female Population
2001
 Growth Rate
1981-91
 Growth Rate
1991-01
 Sex Ratio‡
1991
 Sex Ratio ‡
2001
 Population density†
1991
 Population density†
2001
West Champaran 30,43,044 16,00,853 14,42,191 18.30 30.40 877 901 446 582
East Champaran 39,33,636 20,72,350 18,61,286 25.46 29.27 883 898 767 991
Sheohar 5,14,288 2,71,261 2,43,027 27.34 36.16 876 896 853 1,161
Sitamarhi 26,69,887 14,10,149 12,59,738 23.13 32.58 884 893 915 1,214
Madhubani 35,70,651 18,37,361 17,33,290 21.76 26.08 932 943 809 1,020
Supaul 17,45,069 9,08,855 8,36,214 23.45 29.95 904 920 557 724
Araria 21,24,831 11,08,924 10,15,907 26.69 31.84 907 916 569 751
Kishanganj 12,94,063 6,66,910 6,27,153 22.20 31.50 933 940 522 687
Purnia 25,40,788 13,25,794 12,14,994 23.76 35.23 903 916 582 787
Katihar 23,89,533 12,44,943 11,44,590 27.77 30.91 909 919 597 782
Madhepura 15,24,596 7,96,272 7,28,324 22.16 29.45 885 915 659 853
Saharsa 15,06,418 7,88,585 7,17,833 25.54 33.03 884 910 665 885
Darbhanga 32,85,473 17,16,640 15,68,833 25.04 30.85 911 914 1,102 1,442
Muzaffarpur 37,43,836 19,41,480 18,02,356 25.30 26.74 904 928 931 1,180
Gopalganj 21,49,343 10,72,151 10,77,192 25.12 26.11 968 1,005 838 1,057
Siwan district 27,08,840 13,32,218 13,76,622 22.04 24.78 1,017 1,033 978 1,221
Saran 32,51,474 16,54,428 15,97,046 23.44 26.37 963 965 974 1,231
Vaishali 27,12,389 14,12,276 13,00,113 29.08 26.39 921 921 1,054 1,332
Samastipur 34,13,413 17,71,249 16,42,164 28.35 25.63 926 927 936 1,175
Begusarai 23,42,989 12,26,057 11,16,932 24.61 29.11 898 911 946 1,222
Khagaria 12,76,677 6,75,501 6,01,176 28.44 29.32 868 890 664 859
Bhagalpur 24,30,331 12,94,192 11,36,139 20.67 27.24 864 878 743 946
Banka 16,08,778 8,43,061 7,65,717 24.44 24.47 893 908 428 533
Munger 11,35,499 6,04,662 5,30,837 17.79 20.34 856 878 665 800
Lakhisarai 8,01,173 4,16,727 3,84,446 21.08 23.94 880 923 526 652
Sheikhpura 5,25,137 2,73,468 2,51,669 19.84 24.96 896 920 610 762
Nalanda 23,68,327 12,36,467 11,31,860 21.73 18.64 898 915 848 1,006
Patna 47,09,851 25,14,949 21,94,902 19.84 30.17 867 873 1,130 1,471
Bhojpur 22,33,415 11,75,333 10,58,082 20.26 24.58 904 900 725 903
Buxar 14,03,462 7,38,239 6,65,223 18.63 29.03 884 901 670 864
Kaimur 12,84,575 6,73,556 6,11,019 24.20 30.64 884 907 292 382
Rohtas 24,48,762 12,82,655 11,66,107 21.77 27.71 894 909 498 636
Jehanabad 15,11,406 7,83,960 7,27,446 19.43 28.64 919 928 749 963
Aurangabad 20,04,960 10,35,757 9,69,203 24.49 30.19 915 936 466 607
Gaya 34,64,983 17,89,231 16,75,752 23.92 30.03 922 937 536 696
Nawada 18,09,425 9,28,638 8,80,787 23.70 33.08 936 948 545 726
Jamui 13,97,474 7,28,812 6,68,662 21.90 32.90 903 917 339 451

Miscellaneous statistics

  • Migrants
    • Bihar is home to 2,12,015 international migrants.[62]
    • Bihar is home to 1,619,031 inter state migrants.[63]

See also

References

  1. ^ "Total shah shiva patipopulation". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  2. ^ "census of india". Census of India 2001. Government of India. 27 May 2002. Retrieved 14 April 2007.
  3. ^ "At 11.3%, it has the lowest urban population among big states and the second lowest if one counts the small mountainous state of Himachal Pradesh (10%). 2011 census".
  4. ^ "Urban and Rural Population of India 2011".
  5. ^ "Census of India - Age groups". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
  6. ^ a b c d e f "Census of India : Provisional Population Totals Paper 1 of 2011 :Bihar". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
  7. ^ "Population Density". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  8. ^ "Annexure 2". Gov.bih.nic.in. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
  9. ^ "Census Statistics for Bihar". Gov.bih.nic.in. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
  10. ^ "Total population by religious communities". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
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  12. ^ a b "Indian Census 2011". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 25 August 2015.
  13. ^ http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/bihar-elections-among-factors-in-religious-data-of-census-2011-release/article7579546.ece
  14. ^ "Census of India – Socio-cultural aspects". Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. Retrieved 2 March 2011. {{cite web}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  15. ^ a b http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/bihar-elections-among-factors-in-census-religious-data-release/article7579546.ece
  16. ^ 1931 cast based janganna
  17. ^ "BJP readies for Bihar battle as JD(U)'s Sharad Yadav insists Janata Parivar is already complete". Retrieved 20 November 2014.
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  20. ^ "Now Lalu wants to do a Maya in Bihar".
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  22. ^ http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/politics/caste-determines-bihars-electoral-arithmetic/article5840498.ece
  23. ^ "Nitish gives 'Maha Dalit' benefits to Paswan community".
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  26. ^ "Nitish in caste trouble".
  27. ^ "BJP ties up with OBC leader Upendra Kushwaha in Bihar".
  28. ^ "Jitan Ram Manjhi emerges critical player in poll-bound Bihar". The Times of India.
  29. ^ http://www.telegraphindia.com/1150814/jsp/bihar/story_37176.jsp#.VfO999Kqqko
  30. ^ "Bihar elections still remain about slicing and dicing caste, EBCs are the wild card".
  31. ^ a b "Nitish Kumar's gambit: temple fund, 2 EBCs added to SC/ST list".
  32. ^ "Frenemies: BJP's tie-up with Jitan Ram Manjhi could give it edge in Bihar polls".
  33. ^ "Bihar voters in dilemma".
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  37. ^ "Bihar polls: Rallying behind Jitan Ram Manjhi, Musahars vow to unseat Nitish Kumar".
  38. ^ https://www.google.co.in/amp/www.dailyo.in/lite/politics/amit-shah-bjp-bihar-assembly-polls-narendra-modi-lok-sabha-election-2014-congress-lalu-prasad-yadav-nitish-kumar/story/1/5024.html. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  39. ^ "Bihar brings all Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes' families under National Food Security Act".
  40. ^ "Nitish banks on caste calculations, Muslims".
  41. ^ http://www.livemint.com/Politics/LCNhWGd3SjS5P1eAV5nogP/Foreign-diplomats-line-up-for-Bihar-elections.html
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  45. ^ "Non-inclusion of Paswans in Mahadalit list angers Paswan".
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  48. ^ "Does Bihar know how many tribals live in the State?".
  49. ^ "27 lakh SC & ST families to benefit from Food Law in Bihar".
  50. ^ http://www.tehelka.com/2015/09/bihar-assembly-elections-2015-experiments-in-the-caste-lab-of-bihar/
  51. ^ "Special package for Tharu tribals in Bihar".
  52. ^ "Stage set for tribal all-woman battalion".
  53. ^ "Bihar state EBC list" (PDF).
  54. ^ "Battle for Bihar: Complicated caste poll primer".
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  56. ^ "Census of India - Literates and educational level". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
  57. ^ "Literacy rate". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  58. ^ [1] [dead link]
  59. ^ "Deptt. of Industries" (PDF). Industries.bih.nic.in. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 March 2011. Retrieved 20 November 2014. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  60. ^ [2] Archived 5 June 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  61. ^ "Annexure 1". Gov.bih.nic.in. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  62. ^ "Census of India - International migration". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
  63. ^ "Census of India - Inter state migration". Censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 16 August 2014.

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