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July 1942

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The following events occurred in July 1942:

July 1, 1942 (Wednesday)

July 2, 1942 (Thursday)

  • Following two weeks of reverses on the North African front, a motion of censure was brought against Winston Churchill in the House of Commons proposing that "this House, while paying tribute to the heroism and endurance of the Armed Forces of the Crown in circumstances of exceptional difficulty, has no confidence in the central direction of the war." Churchill gave a lengthy speech before the vote, conceding that the campaign in North Africa had not been going well but insisting that things would improve once vast amounts of American military supplies arrived. The motion was defeated, 475 to 25.[5]
  • The German 6th Army and 4th Panzer Army met at Stary Oskol, but no Soviet forces were encircled.[6]
  • British forces occupied the island of Mayotte in the Mozambique Channel.[7]
  • German submarine U-629 was commissioned.
  • The Slovak Academy of Sciences was formed.
  • Born: Vicente Fox, 55th President of Mexico, in Mexico City, Mexico

July 3, 1942 (Friday)

  • The Flying Tigers fought their final engagement, driving away eight Japanese bombers raiding Hengyang.[8]
  • The American Liberty ship Alexander Macomb was sunk on her maiden voyage east of Cape Cod by German submarine U-215, which was then depth charged and sunk off the coast of New England by the British anti-submarine trawler Le Tiger.
  • Russian authorities admitted the loss of Sevastopol but claimed that its capture had cost the Germans 300,000 casualties.[9]
  • The U.S. Army relaxed its draft standards to allow induction of selectees with physical deformities for limited military service.[9]

July 4, 1942 (Saturday)

July 5, 1942 (Sunday)

July 6, 1942 (Monday)

July 7, 1942 (Tuesday)

July 8, 1942 (Wednesday)

7000 people killed at Nazi Camp "Jabowska".

July 9, 1942 (Thursday)

July 10, 1942 (Friday)

July 11, 1942 (Saturday)

  • RAF Lancaster bombers flew the longest raid of the European theatre up to this time, traveling 1,750 miles to bomb German shipyards at Danzig.[3]
  • Allied convoy PQ 17, finally arrived in Russia after losing 24 of its original 33 vessels, the worst convoy loss of the war. Joseph Stalin suspected that the British had fabricated the heavy losses so as to provide the Soviets with fewer goods than promised.[14]
  • Japan canceled invasions of Fiji, New Caledonia and Samoa.[22]
  • Hitler issued Directive No. 43, Continuation of Operations from the Crimea.
  • German submarine U-136 was depth charged and sunk in the Atlantic Ocean by Allied warships.
  • German submarines U-225, U-267 and U-447 were commissioned.

July 12, 1942 (Sunday)

July 13, 1942 (Monday)

July 14, 1942 (Tuesday)

July 15, 1942 (Wednesday)

July 16, 1942 (Thursday)

  • British XXX Corps captured a key ridge west of El Alamein.[1]
  • The two-day Vel' d'Hiv Roundup began when French police under the direction of the Nazis conducted a raid and mass arrest of Jews in Paris.
  • A decree was published in Paris announcing that the "nearest male relatives, brothers-in-law, and cousins of troublemakers above the age of eighteen will be shot. All women relatives of the same degree of kinship will be condemned to forced labor. Children of less than eighteen years old of all the above mentioned persons will be placed in reform schools."[27]
  • Hitler moved to his new headquarters in Vinnytsia, codenamed Werwolf.
  • The United States severed diplomatic relations with Finland.[1]
  • German submarine U-631 was commissioned.
  • Born: Margaret Court, tennis player, in Perth, Australia; Don Kessinger, baseball player, in Forrest City, Arkansas

July 17, 1942 (Friday)

July 18, 1942 (Saturday)

July 19, 1942 (Sunday)

  • Germany's Second Happy Time drew to a close as U-boats were ordered withdrawn from the U.S. east coast because of the increasing effectiveness of American antisubmarine measures.[3]
  • Heinrich Himmler issued an order that all Jews within the General Government be "resettled" to camps by December 31.[10]

July 20, 1942 (Monday)

July 21, 1942 (Tuesday)

July 22, 1942 (Wednesday)

July 23, 1942 (Thursday)

July 24, 1942 (Friday)

July 25, 1942 (Saturday)

July 26, 1942 (Sunday)

July 27, 1942 (Monday)

July 28, 1942 (Tuesday)

July 29, 1942 (Wednesday)

July 30, 1942 (Thursday)

July 31, 1942 (Friday)

  • The Germans lost three submarines to enemy action in the Atlantic Ocean in a single day: U-213, U-588 and U-754.
  • 630 British bombers raided Düsseldorf, destroying 453 buildings and killing 276 civilians. 29 bombers were lost.[14]
  • American submarine USS Grunion was sunk at Kiska.
  • Driving for pleasure was banned in Britain.[4]
  • Died: Infanta Marie Anne of Portugal, 81, Grand Duchess consort of Luxembourg

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Williams, Mary H. (1960). Special Studies, Chronology, 1941–1945. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. pp. 44–45.
  2. ^ Lemay, Benoît (2010). Erich Von Manstein: Hitler's Master Strategist. Havertown, PA: Casemate Publishers. p. 237. ISBN 978-1-935149-55-2.
  3. ^ a b c d Polmar, Norman; Allen, Thomas B. (2012). World War II: the Encyclopedia of the War Years, 1941–1945. Dover Publications. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-486-47962-0.
  4. ^ a b c Mercer, Derrik, ed. (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. p. 569. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  5. ^ "Central Direction of the War". Hansard. July 2, 1942. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  6. ^ "War Diary for Thursday, 2 July 1942". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  7. ^ a b c Chronology and Index of the Second World War, 1938–1945. Research Publications. 1990. p. 133=134. ISBN 978-0-88736-568-3.
  8. ^ a b c Day By Day: The Forties. New York: Facts On File, Inc. 1977. pp. 224, 226. ISBN 0-87196-375-2.
  9. ^ a b Yust, Walter, ed. (1943). 1943 Britannica Book of the Year. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc. p. 10.
  10. ^ a b "1942: Key Dates". United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  11. ^ "China Air Task Force: Replaced the American Volunteer Group". HistoryNet. June 12, 2006. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  12. ^ Evans, A. A.; Gibbons, David (2012). The Illustrated Timeline of World War II. Rosen Publishing. p. 117. ISBN 978-1-4488-4795-2.
  13. ^ Mueller, Joseph N. (1992). Guadalcanal 1942: The Marines Strike Back. University Park, IL: Osprey Publishing. p. 91. ISBN 978-1-85532-253-0.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g "1942". World War II Database. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  15. ^ "Canada Would Draft Wealth if Necessary". Lewiston Daily Sun. Lewiston, Maine: 1. July 8, 1942.
  16. ^ Anastakis, Dimitry (2015). Death in the Peaceable Kingdom: Canadian History since 1867 through Murder, Execution, Assassination and Suicide. University of Toronto Press. p. 160. ISBN 978-1-4426-0636-4.
  17. ^ "War Diary for Wednesday, 8 July 1942". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  18. ^ Doody, Richard. "A Timeline of Diplomatic Ruptures, Unannounced Invasions, Declarations of War, Armistices and Surrenders". The World at War. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  19. ^ Donnelley, Paul (2000). Fade to Black: A Book of Movie Obituaries. Omnibus Press. p. 291. ISBN 978-0-7119-9512-3.
  20. ^ Buell, Thoms B. (2002). The Second World War: Europe and the Mediterranean. SquareOne Publishers. p. 129. ISBN 978-0-7570-0160-4.
  21. ^ "Events occurring on Friday, July 10, 1942". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  22. ^ Rottman, Gordon (2005). Japanese Army in World War II: The South Pacific and New Guinea, 1942–43. Osprey Publishing. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-84176-870-0.
  23. ^ "Events occurring on Sunday, July 12, 1942". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  24. ^ a b Matthäus, Jürgen (2013). Jewish Responses to Persecution: Volume III, 1941–1942. Lanham, Maryland: AltaMira Press. p. 533. ISBN 978-0-7591-2259-8.
  25. ^ Jukes, Geoffrey (1985). Hitler's Stalingrad Decisions. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. 43. ISBN 978-0-520-05130-0.
  26. ^ Kertzer, David I. (1988). Ritual, Politics, and Power. Yale University Press. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-300-04362-4.
  27. ^ Delarue, Jacques (2008). The Gestapo: A History of Horror. Barnsley: Frontline Books. p. 215. ISBN 978-1-84832-502-9.
  28. ^ "War Diary for Saturday, 18 July 1942". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  29. ^ Spector, Shmuel, ed. (2001). The Encyclopedia of Jewish Life Before and During the Holocaust, Volume II. New York University Press. p. 673. ISBN 978-0-8147-9377-0.
  30. ^ "Communist Party Bann Lifted in India". The Cairns Post. Cairns: 1. July 24, 1942.
  31. ^ Hosch, William L. (2010). World War II: People, Politics, and Power. Britannica Educational Publishing. p. 100. ISBN 978-1-61530-008-2.
  32. ^ Salmaggi, Cesare; Pallavisini, Alfredo (1993). 2194 Days of War: An Illustrated Chronology of the Second World War. Barnes & Noble. p. 268. ISBN 978-1-56619-067-1.
  33. ^ "War Diary for Monday, 27 July 1942". Stone & Stone Second World War Books. Retrieved February 1, 2016.
  34. ^ "An Allied Warning: Germany Will Feel Daily Air Scourge". The Milwaukee Journal: 1. July 28, 1942.
  35. ^ Harris, Arthur (2005). Bomber Offensive: Marshal of the R.A.F. Sir Arthur Harris. Pen & Sword Military Classics. p. 118. ISBN 978-1-84415-210-0.
  36. ^ Dunning, John (1998). On the Air: The Encyclopedia of Old-Time Radio. Oxford University Press. p. 626. ISBN 978-0-19-507678-3.
  37. ^ Davidson, Edward; Manning, Dale (1999). Chronology of World War Two. London: Cassell & Co. p. 118. ISBN 0-304-35309-4.
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