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List of state leaders in the 16th century

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See also: List of governors of dependent territories in the 16th century
See also: List of political entities in the 16th century
State leaders in the 15th century – State leaders in the 17th century – State leaders by year

This is a list of state leaders in the 16th century (1501–1600) AD.

These polities are generally sovereign states, but excludes minor dependent territories, whose leaders can be found listed under territorial governors in the 16th century. For completeness, these lists can include colonies, protectorates, or other dependent territories that have since gained sovereignty.

Africa

Africa: Central

Angola

Kilukeni dynasty
Kwilu dynasty
Colony, 1575–1951
For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Cameroon

Chad

  • Birni Besse, Mbangi (1522–1536)
  • Lubatko, Mbangi (1536–1548)
  • Malo, Mbangi (1548–1568)
  • ‘Abdallah, Mbangi (1568–1608)

Congo: Belgian

  • Lushanjela Shanga, Nyim (16th century)
  • Bo Shanga, Nyim (16th century)
  • Shamba Bolongongo, Nyim (c.1600)

Congo: French

São Tomé and Príncipe

Colony, 1470–1951
For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Africa: East

Great Lakes area

Burundi
  • Ntare I Rushatsi Cambarantama, King (c.1530–c.1550)
  • Mwezi I Baridamunka, King (c.1550–c.1580)
  • Mutaga I Mutabazi, King (c.1580–c.1600)
Rwanda
Uganda

Horn of Africa area

Eritrea
Ethiopia
  • Sadi, King (1495–1530)
  • Madi Gafine/Gafo, King (1530–1565)
  • Bong-he, King (1565–1605)
Somalia
  • Garaad Ali Dable, King (1491–1503)
  • Garaad Liban, King (1503–1525)
  • Garaad Yuusuf, King (1525–1555)
  • Garaad Mohamud III, King (1555–1585)
  • Garaad Abdale, King (1585–1612)

Madagascar

Africa: Northcentral

Ifriqiya

Africa: Northeast

Egypt

Sudan

Africa: Northwest

Morocco

Africa: South

Mozambique

Colony, 1498–1972
For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Africa: West

Benin

  • Ozolua, Oba (1480–1504)[7]
  • Esigie, Oba (1504–1547)
  • Orhogbua, Oba (1547–1580)
  • Ehengbuda, Oba (1580–1602)

Burkina Faso

  • Gima, Nunbado (1470–1520)
  • Gori, Nunbado (1520–1553)
  • Bogora, Nunbado (1553–1571)
  • Kampadiboaghi, Nunbado (1571–1615)

Cape Verde

Colony, 1462–1951
For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Guinea-Bissau

Colony, 1474–1951
For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Niger

  • Muhammad Gao, Askiya (1592)
  • Nuh I, Askiya (c.1592–1599)[8]
  • al-Mustafa, Askiya (c.1600)

Nigeria

Senegal

  • Malaw tane Joof, (variation: Maléotane Diouf - French spelling in Senegal), Maad Saloum (1567)[11]

Asia

Asia: Central

Kazakhstan

  • Ahmad Alaq, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1487–1503)
  • Mahmud, Khan of Western Moghulistan (1487–1508)
  • Mansur, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1503–1508), of All Moghulistan (1508–1514), of Eastern Moghulistan (1514–1548)
  • Shah, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1543–1560)
  • Muhammad ibn Mansur, Khan of Eastern Moghulistan (1570)
  • Šamba, Khan (1492-1493, 1497-1505)
  • Beyazıt, Khan (1505-1513)

Russia

Tajikistan

Tibet

Uzbekistan

  • Ilbars I, Khan (1511–1518)
  • Sultan Haji, Khan (1518–1519)
  • Hasan Quli, Khan (1519–1524)
  • Sufyan, Khan (1529–1535)
  • Bujugha, Khan (1524–1529)
  • Avnik, Khan (1535–1538)
  • Qal, Khan (1539–1549)
  • Aqatay, Khan (1549–1557)
  • Dust Muhammad, Khan (1557–1558)
  • Haji Muhammad I, Khan (1558–1602)

Asia: East

China: Ming dynasty

Japan

Tributary state of the Ming dynasty, 1429–1644

Korea

Mongolia

Asia: South

Bengal

  • Prabhat Roy, King (1500–1516)
  • Majha Gosain, King (1516–1532)
  • Burha Parbat Ray, King (1532–1548)
  • Bar Gosain, King (1548–1564)
  • Bijay Manik, King (1564–1580)
  • Pratap Ray, King (1580–1596)
  • Dhan Manik, King (1596–1612)

Maldives

  • Hassan VII, Sultan (1510–1511)
  • Sharif Ahmed, Sultan (1511–1513)
  • Ali III, Sultan (1513)
  • Kalu Mohamed, Sultan (1513–1529)
  • Hassan VIII, Sultan (1529–1549)
  • Mohamed III, Sultan (1549–1551)
  • Hassan IX, Sultan (1551–1552)
  • Aboobakuru II, Sultan (1554–1557)
  • Ali IV, Sultan (1557–1558)
  • Dom Manoel, King (1558–1573)
  • Dom Manoel, King (1573–1583)
  • Dom João, King (1583–1603)

Sri Lanka

Colony, 1505–1658
For details see the Kingdom of Portugal under Southwest Europe

Asia: Southeast

Asia: West

Europe

Europe: British Isles

Scotland

Ireland

Europe: Central

Europe: East

Europe: Nordic

Europe: Southcentral

Europe: Southwest

Navarre

Portugal

Spain

Europe: West

Eurasia: Caucasus

References

  1. ^ Joyce (M.A.) & Torday (E.), Notes ethnographiques sur les peuples communément appelés Bakuba, ainsi que sur les peuplades apparentées, les Bushongo. Bruxelles 1910 ;page 17–19
  2. ^ Werner J. Lange, History of the Southern Gonga (Southwestern Ethiopia) (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 1982), p. 64.
  3. ^ C.F. Beckingham and G.W.B. Huntingford, Some Records of Ethiopia, 1593–1646 (London: Hakluyt Society, 1954), p. lvi. Amnon Orent, "Refocusing on the History of Kafa prior to 1897: A Discussion of Political Processes" in African Historical Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2. (1970), p. 268.
  4. ^ Information about pre-Oromo kings from Werner J. Lange, History of the Southern Gonga (Southwestern Ethiopia), (Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 1982), pp. 28–30.
  5. ^ MacMichael, H. A. (1922). "Appendix I: The Chronology of the Fung Kings". A History of the Arabs in the Sudan and Some Account of the People Who Preceded Them and of the Tribes Inhabiting Dárfūr. Vol. Volume II. Cambridge University Press. p. 431. OCLC 264942362. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  6. ^ Holt, Peter Malcolm (1999). "Genealogical Tables and King-Lists". The Sudan of the Three Niles: The Funj Chronicle 910–1288 / 1504–1871. Islamic History and Civilization, 26. Leiden: BRILL. pp. 182–186. ISBN 978-90-04-11256-8.
  7. ^ Ben-Amos (1995). The Art of Benin Revised Edition. p. 32.
  8. ^ The Tarikh al-Sudan states that Askiya Nuh ruled for 7 years.
  9. ^ Dates calculated on the basis of Lange, Diwan, 77-94; id., Kingdoms, 552.
  10. ^ From now on dates follow Lange, Diwan, 80-94.
  11. ^ Ba, Abdou Bouri, « Essai sur l’histoire du Saloum et du Rip  » (avant-propos par Charles Becker et Victor Martin), Bulletin de l'IFAN, tome 38, série B, numéro 4, octobre 1976 "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-04-15. Retrieved 2012-03-09. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. ^ L. Petech (1980), 'Ya-ts'e, Gu-ge, Pu-rang: A new study', The Central Asiatic Journal 24, pp. 85–111; R. Vitali (1996), The kingdoms of Gu.ge Pu.hrang. Dharamsala: Tho.ling gtsug.lag.khang.
  13. ^ Giuseppe Tucci, Tibetan Painted Scrolls. [Rome 1949; Giuseppe Tucci, Deb T'er Dmar Po Gsarma. Rome 1971; Per K. Sørensen & Guntram Hazod, Rulers on the Celestial Plain. Wien 2007; Olaf Czaja, Medieval rule in Tibet, Vol. I-II. Wien 2013.
  14. ^ Giuseppe Tucci, 1949; Giuseppe Tucci, 1971; Olaf Czaja, 2013.
  15. ^ Giuseppe Tucci, 1949; Hugh E. Richardson, A Short History of Tibet. New York 1962.
  16. ^ Encyclopaedia Of Bangladesh (Set Of 30 Vols.) By Nagendra Kr. Singh
  17. ^ His wife was Dorothea of Brandenburg (ca. 1446–March 1519, daughter of Frederick II, Elector of Brandenburg). Their children were Eric of Saxe-Lauenburg (1472–20 October 1522; Eric I as Prince-Bishop of Münster, Eric II as Prince-Bishop of Hildesheim) and Sophia of Saxe-Lauenburg (m. ca. 1420, d. 1462; mother of Eric II, Duke of Pomerania).
  18. ^ He was married on 8 February 1540 to Sybille of Saxe-Freiberg (Freiberg, 2 May 1515–18 July 1592, Buxtehude), daughter of Henry IV of Saxe-Wittenberg. Their children were Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg (Henry II as Prince-Bishop of Osnabrück, Henry III as Prince-Archbishop of Bremen, and Henry IV as Prince-Bishop of Paderborn), Sidonia Katharina of Saxe-Lauenburg (m. Wenceslaus III Adam, Duke of Cieszyn) and Ursula of Saxe-Lauenburg-Ratzeburg (m. Henry III, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg [Dannenberg]).
  19. ^ His wife was Princess Sophia of Sweden.
  20. ^ His wife was Mary of Brunswick and Lunenburg (Wolfenbüttel) (1566–1626; daughter of Julius, Duke of Brunswick and Lunenburg (Wolfenbüttel)); their daughters were Juliane of Saxe-Lauenburg (26 December 1589–1 December 1630; m. 1 August 1627 to Frederick, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sønderburg-Norburg) and Sophie Hedwig of Saxe-Lauenburg (24 May 1601–1 February 1660; m. 23 May 1624 to Philip, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg).
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