United States presidential pets

United States Presidents and their families have often had pets while serving in office.^[1]

History of White House dogs

The first White House dog to receive regular newspaper coverage was Warren G. Harding's dog Laddie Boy.^[2]

Pets also featured on presidential elections. Herbert Hoover got a Belgian shepherd dog, King Tut, during his campaign and pictures of him with his new dog were sent all across the United States.

In 1944 Franklin D. Roosevelt was running for his fourth term when rumors surfaced that his Scottish Terrier, Fala, had accidentally been left behind when visiting the Aleutian Islands. After allegedly sending back ships to rescue his dog, Roosevelt was ridiculed and accused of spending thousands of taxpayers' dollars to retrieve his dog. At a speech following this Roosevelt said, "you can criticize me, my wife and my family, but you can't criticize my little dog. He's Scotch and all these allegations about spending all this money have just made his little soul furious."^[3] What was later called the "Fala Speech" reportedly helped secure re-election for Roosevelt.^[4]

Richard Nixon was accused of hiding a secret slush fund during his candidacy for vice president under Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1952. He gave the televised "Checkers speech" named after his cocker spaniel, denying he had a slush fund but admitting, "there is one thing that I did get as a gift that I'm not going to give back."^[5] The gift was a black-and-white cocker spaniel, Checkers, given to his daughters. Although there had been talk of Nixon being dropped from the ticket, following his speech he received an increase in support and Mamie Eisenhower reportedly recommended he stay because he was "such a warm person."^[6]^[7]

Animal lovers were upset when President Lyndon B. Johnson was photographed picking his two Beagle dogs named Him and Her up by their ears. Others did not understand the uproar; former President Harry S. Truman said, "What the hell are the critics complaining about; that's how you handle hounds."^[5]

List of Presidential pets

President	Pet(s)
George Washington	Sweetlips,^[8] Scentwell, and Vulcan^[9] (among others)^{[ps 1]} – American Foxhounds^[10]^{[nb 1]} Drunkard,^[8] Taster, Tipler, and Tipsy – Black and Tan Coonhounds^[11] Royal Gift – Donkey, a gift from King Charles III of Spain^[12] Nelson and Blueskin^[13] – Horses^{[ps 2]}^[14] Parrot^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 4]} – Said to have been owned by First Lady Martha Washington.^[15] Cornwallis,^[16] named for General Cornwallis^[16] – Greyhound (dog) Samson, Steady, Leonidas, Traveller, Magnolia^[17] – Stallions
John Adams	Juno, Mark, and Satan^[8] – Dogs^{[ps 2]}^[11] Cleopatra and Caesar^[17] – Horse^{[ps 2]}
Thomas Jefferson	Dick – Mockingbird^{[ps 4]} Buzzy and unknown – Briards (dogs)^[11] Two bear cubs^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 4]} Caractacus – Horse^{[ps 2]}
James Madison	Polly – Parrot
James Monroe	Spaniel^[11]^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 2]} – Belonged to youngest daughter, Maria Monroe^[18] Sebastian – Siberian Husky
John Quincy Adams	Silkworms^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 1]}^[19] – First Lady Louisa Adams spun their silk.^[20] An Alligator – gift from the Marquis de Lafayette.^[17]
Andrew Jackson	Polly – parrot^{[ps 4]} (taught to swear) Fighting cocks^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 1]} Bolivia, Emily, Lady Nashville, Sam Patch, and Truxton – Horses^{[ps 2]}
Martin Van Buren	Briefly owned two tiger cubs given to him by the Sultan of Oman before Congress forced him to donate the tigers to the zoo^[20]^[21]
William Henry Harrison	Sukey – Durham cow^[22] Goat*
John Tyler	Le Beau – Italian Greyhound^[11] Johnny Ty – Canary The General – Horse^{[ps 2]}
James K. Polk	No known pets^[21]
Zachary Taylor	Old Whitey – Horse^{[ps 2]}
Millard Fillmore	Mason and Dixon – Ponies^{[ps 2]}
Franklin Pierce	At least two^{[nb 2]} miniature "teacup" Japanese Chin dogs^{[ps 3]}, part of a gift exchange with Japan following the Perry Expedition^[23] Two birds from Japan,^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 4]} which had just opened its trading posts to the United States.
James Buchanan	Lara – Newfoundland Punch – Toy Terrier Eagle^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 4]}
Abraham Lincoln	Nanny and Nanko – goats^[14] Jack – Turkey^[14] Fido – Dog^[8]^[11] Jip – Dog^[11] Tabby and Dixie - Cats. Lincoln once remarked that Dixie "is smarter than my whole cabinet."^[24] Horse^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 2]} Rabbit^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 2]}
Andrew Johnson	Fed white mice he found in his bedroom^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 1]}^[21]
Ulysses S. Grant	Butcher Boy, Cincinnatus (a gift from the citizens of Cincinnati, Ohio), Egypt, Jeff Davis (his wartime mount), Jennie, Julia, Mary, and St. Louis – Horses.^{[ps 2]} Billy Button and Reb – Ponies^{[ps 2]} Faithful – Newfoundland^[11] Rosie – Dog^{[ps 2]}
Rutherford B. Hayes	Dot – Cocker Spaniel^[11] Hector – Newfoundland^[11] Duke – English Mastiff^[11] Grim – Greyhound^[8]^[11] Otis – Miniature Schnauzer^[11] Juno and Shep – Hunting dogs Jet – Dog^{[ps 2]} Piccolomini – Cat^{[ps 2]} Siam – First Siamese cat in the United States Miss Pussy – Siamese cat-Siam and Miss Pussy were gifts from the King of Siam.
James A. Garfield	Kit – Horse^{[ps 2]} Veto^[8] – Dog^{[ps 2]}
Chester A. Arthur	Rabbit^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 2]} Three horses^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 2]}
Grover Cleveland	Hector – Japanese Poodle^[11] Mockingbirds^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 4]}^{[ps 1]} Three^[25] Dachshunds^[11]
Benjamin Harrison	Dash in front of his doghouse Whiskers ("His Whiskers," or "Old Whiskers") – Goat^[14]^[26] Dash – Collie^[11] Mr. Reciprocity and Mr. Protection – Opossums^[27]
William McKinley	Washington Post – Yellow-headed Mexican parrot Valeriano Weyler and Enrique DeLome – Angora kittens Roosters^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 1]}
Theodore Roosevelt	Roosevelt family with Skip Illustration of Slippers, the White House cat Admiral Dewey, Bishop Doane, Dr. Johnson, Father O'Grady, Fighting Bob Evans – guinea pigs^{[ps 2]}^[28] Algonquin – Pony^{[ps 2]}^[28] Baron Spreckle – Hen^{[ps 2]}^[28] Bill – lizard^{[ps 4]}^[28] Blackjack – Manchester Terrier Eli Yale – Blue macaw^[28] Emily Spinach – Garter snake^{[ps 4]}^[28] Fedelity – Pony^{[ps 2]} Gem and Susan – Dogs^{[ps 2]} Jack^[28] and Peter – Terriers^{[ps 2]}^[11] Jonathan Edwards – small bear^{[ps 4]}^[28] Jonathan – Piebald rat^{[ps 4]} Josiah – Badger^{[ps 4]}^[28] Manchu – Pekingese^[11]^[28] Maude – Pig^[28] Peter – Rabbit^{[ps 4]}^[28] Pete – Bull Terrier^[11]^[28]^[8] Rollo – Saint Bernard Skip – Mongrel^[11]^[28] Sailor Boy – Chesapeake Bay Retriever^[11]^[28] Tom Quartz and Slippers – Cats^{[ps 2]} Bill – Laughing hyena, gift from Emperor Menelik II of Ethiopia^[29] barn owl; one-legged rooster^[28]
William Howard Taft	Caruso – Dog^{[ps 2]} Mooly Wooly and Pauline Wayne – Cows^{[ps 2]}
Woodrow Wilson	Davie – Airedale Terrier^[11] Old Ike – Ram Puffins – Cat^{[ps 2]} Mountain Boy – Greyhound Bruce – Bull Terrier Songbirds^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 4]}^{[ps 1]} Sheep^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 1]}
Warren G. Harding	Laddie Boy Laddie Boy (1920–1929) – Airedale Terrier^[8]^[11] Old Boy – Bulldog^[11] Petey – canary^[30]
Calvin Coolidge	Portrait of Rob Roy and Grace Coolidge Rob Roy and Prudence Prim – White collies^[11] Peter Pan – Terrier^{[ps 2]}^[11] Paul Pry – Airedale Terrier^[11] Calamity Jane – Shetland Sheepdog^[11] Tiny Tim and Blackberry – Chow Chows^[11] Ruby Rouch – Collie^[11] Boston Beans – Bulldog^[11] King Cole – German Shepherd^[11] Palo Alto – Bird dog^[11] Bessie – Collie Rebecca and Horace – Raccoons^{[ps 4]}^[31] Ebeneezer – Donkey Nip and Tuck – Canaries Enoch – Goose^{[ps 4]} Smoky – Bobcat Tiger – Cat^{[ps 2]} Tax Reduction and Budget Bureau – Lion cubs Billy – Pygmy hippopotamus A wallaby A duiker (a very small type of antelope) A black bear
Herbert Hoover	Herbert Hoover with King Tut King Tut – Belgian Shepherd^[32]^[33] Pat – German Shepherd^[32] Big Ben and Sonnie – Fox Terriers^[11]^[34] Glen – Scotch Collie^[11] Yukonan – Eskimo dog^[11] Patrick – Irish Wolfhound^[32] Eaglehurst Gillette – Setter^[32] Weejie – Norwegian Elkhound^[32] Two alligators^[35]
Franklin D. Roosevelt	FDR and Fala (1940) Fala (1940–1952) – Scottish Terrier^[14] Major – German Shepherd^[32] Meggie – Scottish Terrier^[32] Winks – Llewellyn Setter^[32] Tiny – Old English Sheepdog^[32] President – Great Dane^[8]^[32] Blaze – Bullmastiff^[32]
Harry S. Truman	Feller – Cocker Spaniel^[32]^[36] Mike – Irish Setter^[32]
Dwight D. Eisenhower	Heidi – Weimaraner^[32]
John F. Kennedy	Kennedy family and dogs Gaullie – Poodle^[37] Charlie – Welsh Terrier^[32] Tom Kitten – Cat^{[ps 2]}^[38] Robin – Canary^[38] Bluebell and Marybelle – Parakeets^[38] Macaroni – Pony^[39] Moe;– Doberman Pinscher^[38] Tex and Leprechaun – Ponies^[38] Debbie and Billie – Hamsters^[38] Pushinka – dog (gift of Soviet Union Premier Nikita Khrushchev, puppy of Soviet space dog Strelka)^[8] Shannon – Irish Cocker Spaniel^[32] Wolf – Dog, mix of Irish Wolfhound and Schnauzer^[40] Clipper – German Shepherd Dog^[41] Butterfly, White Tips, Blackie, and Streaker – (offspring of Pushinka and Charlie)^[32] Zsa Zsa – Rabbit Sardar – Horse^{[ps 2]}^[42]
Lyndon B. Johnson	LBJ with Him Him and Her – Beagles^[32]^[43]^[44] Edgar – Beagle^[8]^[32]^[43]^[44] Blanco – white Collie^[32]^[43]^[44] Freckles – Beagle^[32] Yuki – Mongrel dog^[32]^[43]^[44] Hamsters^{[ps 2]} and lovebirds^{[ps 4]}^[45]
Richard Nixon	King Timahoe, Vicki and Pasha looking out the window in the White House Vicki – Poodle^[32]^[46] Pasha – Terrier^[32]^[46] King Timahoe – Irish Setter^[32]^[46]^[47] Checkers^[8] (1952–1964) – Cocker Spaniel^{[nb 3]}
Gerald Ford	Susan Ford, daughter of Gerald Ford, and the family's siamese cat, Shan, in 1974 Ford and Liberty in the Oval Office Liberty (1974–1984) – Golden Retriever^[32] Lucky – Dog*^[8] Misty – (Liberty's puppy born in the White House) Shan – Siamese cat^[48]
Jimmy Carter	Grits – Border Collie;^[32]^[49] Given to his daughter Amy by her teacher, but quickly returned.^[8]^[50] Lewis Brown – Afghan Hound^{[citation needed]} Misty Malarky Ying Yang, daughter Amy Carter's pet – Siamese cat^[31]
Ronald Reagan	Rex Ronald Reagan on El Alamein Lucky – Bouvier des Flandres^[51]^[52]^[53] Rex (1984–1998) – Cavalier King Charles Spaniel.^[53]^[54] Victory – Golden Retriever^[52]^[53] Peggy – Irish Setter^[52]^[53] m Taca – Siberian Husky^[52]^[53] Fuzzy – Belgian sheepdog^[52]^[53] Horses^{[ps 3]}^{[ps 2]}^{[ps 1]} at Rancho del Cielo
George H. W. Bush	Millie Millie (1985–1997) – Springer Spaniel.^[8] Ranger – one of Millie's puppies^[32]^[55]
Bill Clinton	Socks Socks (1989–2009) – Chelsea's cat.^[26] Buddy (1997–2002) – Bill's chocolate Labrador Retriever^[26]
George W. Bush	India Spot "Spotty" Fetcher (1989–2004) – female English Springer Spaniel named after Scott Fletcher; Puppy of Millie;^[8] Euthanized after suffering a series of strokes. Barney (2000–2013) – Scottish Terrier.^[8]^[56] Miss Beazley (2004–2014) – Scottish Terrier; Nicknamed "Beazley Weazley"; 2005 birthday gift from George to his wife.^[8]^[56] India "Willie" – cat (1990–2009) Ofelia – Longhorn cow (lives at Bush's Prairie Chapel Ranch)
Barack Obama	Bo and Sunny Bo^[8] (born October 9, 2008) – Portuguese Water Dog. Sunny^[57]^[58] (born June 11, 2012) – Portuguese Water Dog.
Donald Trump	No known pets^[21]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Number unknown
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj Breed unknown
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Name unknown
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q Species unknown

Notes

^ Washington was an avid dog breeder; he called the breed that he was developing "Virginia Hounds" which became the American Foxhound
^ Number uncertain, perhaps received as many as seven. "Pierce was thought to have kept one dog, and he gave the other to his Secretary of War, Jefferson Davis. Davis was particularly pleased with the dog and was known to have carried it with him in his pocket."^[23]
^ Checkers died in 1964, before Nixon became president, but had played a major role in his electoral career

References

^ "Presidential Pet Museum". Presidential Pet Museum. Retrieved June 16, 2011.^{[permanent dead link]}
^ Famous and Forgotten, Toledo’s Laddie Boy, The First Presidential Pet Archived August 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
^ "1944 Radio News, 1944-09-23 FDR Teamsters Union Address – Fala (27:45–30:08)". Internet Archive. Retrieved July 14, 2015.
^ "Fala, the dog who helped win a presidential election". National Constitution Center. September 23, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2017.
^ ^a ^b "Presidential pets of the past". K-state.edu. September 23, 1952. Archived from the original on December 12, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ DVM: The Newsmagazine of Veterinary Medicine; Oct2008, Vol. 39 Issue 10, p22-22, 2/3p
^ Ethan Trex. "mental_floss Blog » The Bizarre History of White House Pets". Mentalfloss.com. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Pamela Redmond Satran (November 5, 2012). "Do You Have a Dog in This Election? Pets Are Presidential". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved June 19, 2013.
^ "Soldier, Statesman, Dog-Lover: George Washington's Pups". George Washington's Mount Vernon.
^ "American Foxhound History & Training/Temperament". American Kennel Club. Retrieved August 27, 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj Choron, 20.
^ Mary Brigid Barrett. "Presidential Menageries: Washington's Mules and Hounds". Our White House. The National Children's Book and Literacy Alliance. Retrieved August 5, 2017.
^ "Nelson (Horse)". George Washington's Mount Vernon.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Spring 1999: Presidential Pets". Inside the White House. nara.gov. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
^ Wolf, Alissa. "First Pets: A History of Critters in the White House". About.com. Retrieved October 2, 2012.
^ ^a ^b Calkhoven, Laurie (2007). George Washington: An American Life. Edison, NJ: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 91. ISBN 9781402735462.
^ ^a ^b ^c "White House Pets (1789–1850) – Presidential Pet Museum". Retrieved September 10, 2016.
^ "James Monroe Biography – Presidential Pet Museum". Presidential Pet Museum. Retrieved August 5, 2017.
^ The Handy Science Answer Book. Visible Ink Press. 2011. Retrieved December 22, 2012.
^ ^a ^b Lang, Heather. "Lions and Tigers and Bears, Oh My! Animals at the White House". Our White House. National Children's Book and Literacy Alliance. Retrieved January 3, 2018.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Longley, Robert (June 29, 2017). "First Pets: Animals in the White House". ThoughtCo. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
^ The Handy Science Answer Book. Visible Ink Press. 2011. Retrieved October 3, 2015.
^ ^a ^b Kate Kelly (August 5, 2015). "Teacup Dogs Owned by President Franklin Pierce". America Comes Alive. Retrieved August 27, 2017.
^ Abraham Lincoln’s Cats
^ Kate Kelly (July 13, 2016). "Grover Cleveland's Dogs and Other Pets". America Comes Alive. Retrieved August 5, 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Pets in the White House". White House for Kids. nara.gov. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
^ U.S. Presidents: Truth and Rumors By Sean Price, Sean Stewart Price. Coughlan Publishing, 2010, Page 14: Accessed Via Google Books Search April 27, 2011. Quote under Presidential Pets:"Benjamin Harrison let a pair of pet opossums run around."
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p "The Roosevelt Pets". National Park Service. U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved December 21, 2012. (Reprinted from the National Archives and Records Administration)
^ "America's First Presidential Hyena". Ethiopianism-Ethiopiawinet Online Revival. November 14, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2017.
^ Betsy (July 1, 2013). "Pay a Call on Petey the Canary at Warren G. Harding's Marion Home".
^ ^a ^b Stephen Bauer, At Ease in the White House: Social Life as Seen by a Presidential Military Aide, Taylor Trade Publications, 2004. ISBN 1-58979-079-0. pp 224.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab Sandra Choron, Planet Dog: A Doglopedia, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2005, ISBN 0-618-51752-9. pp 21.
^ Amy Ruth, Herbert Hoover, Twenty-First Century Books, 2004, ISBN 0-8225-0821-4. pp 64.
^ Wayne Bryant Eldridge, Tom Kerr The Best Pet Name Book Ever!, Barron's Educational Series, 2003, ISBN 0-7641-2499-4. pp 29.
^ Herbert Hoover Biography
^ "President Truman's Dog, Feller". Highland-ohio.com. January 12, 1948. Retrieved June 16, 2011.
^ Sally Bedell Smith, Grace And Power, Random House, Inc., 2006, ISBN 0-345-48497-5, pp 219.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Pets – John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum". Jfklibrary.org. December 3, 1961. Archived from the original on August 22, 2006. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ Smith, 125.
^ Morrow, Laurie Bogart, The Giant Book of Dog Names, p. 414
^ JFK’s German Shepherd Dog, Clipper
^ Smith, 293, 489.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Lyndon B. Johnson Library and Museum President Johnson's Dogs Archived July 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Bryant, Traphes, with Frances Spatz Leighton, Dog Days at the White House: The Outrageous Memoirs of the Presidential Kennel Keeper, New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1975. ISBN 0-671-80533-9
^ "Lyndon B. Johnson's Pet Info". Exoticdogs.com. Retrieved June 16, 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Richard M. Nixon". June 5, 2004. Archived from the original on June 5, 2004. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ Bauer, 8.
^ Ford Presidential Library and Museum, Ford Family White House and Pets
^ Tribune, Chicago. "Presidential pets". chicagotribune.com.
^ "Presidential Pooch – Grits, the Impeached First Dog | Bully Sticks". Bullysticksinfo.com. November 21, 2008. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
^ "Ronald Reagan Presidential Library". Reagan.utexas.edu. Retrieved June 16, 2011.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Stanley Coren, Why Does My Dog Act That Way?, Simon and Schuster, 2007, ISBN 0-7432-7707-4. pp 6.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Stanley Coren, Why We Love the Dogs We Do: How to Find the Dog That Matches Your Personality, Simon and Schuster, 2000, ISBN 0-684-85502-X. pp. 5.
^ Coren, Why Does my Dog..., 7.
^ George H. W. Bush, All the Best, George Bush Simon and Schuster, 2000, pp 595, correspondence from September 10, 1996, ISBN 0-7432-0048-9, ISBN 978-0-7432-0048-6
^ ^a ^b Bailey, Holly (April 24, 2013). "Laura Bush: New library is not 'a monument' to her husband". Yahoo News. Retrieved April 24, 2013.
^ Barack Obama (August 19, 2013). "Meet the newest member of the Obama family: Sunny". Facebook. Retrieved August 19, 2013.
^ Hannah August (August 19, 2013). "Meet Sunny: The Obamas' New Puppy". The White House Blog. Retrieved August 20, 2013.^{[permanent dead link]}

External links

Presidential Pets Museum – Private museum in Glen Allen, Virginia
Pets in the White House – White House for Kids (official Clinton archive)
Morrow, Laurie Bogart, The Giant Book of Dog Names, p. 414
Thomas, Nick (February 20, 2017). "Presidential pets leave their mark". The Jackson Sun. Retrieved November 17, 2017.

[number_unknown-10] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ Number unknown

[breed_unknown-16] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj Breed unknown

[name_unknown-18] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r Name unknown

[species_unknown-19] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q Species unknown

[12] Washington was an avid dog breeder; he called the breed that he was developing "Virginia Hounds" which became the American Foxhound

[29] Number uncertain, perhaps received as many as seven. "Pierce was thought to have kept one dog, and he gave the other to his Secretary of War, Jefferson Davis. Davis was particularly pleased with the dog and was known to have carried it with him in his pocket."^[23]

[54] Checkers died in 1964, before Nixon became president, but had played a major role in his electoral career

[1] "Presidential Pet Museum". Presidential Pet Museum. Retrieved June 16, 2011.^{[permanent dead link]}

[2] Famous and Forgotten, Toledo’s Laddie Boy, The First Presidential Pet Archived August 14, 2012, at the Wayback Machine

[3] "1944 Radio News, 1944-09-23 FDR Teamsters Union Address – Fala (27:45–30:08)". Internet Archive. Retrieved July 14, 2015.

[NCC-4] "Fala, the dog who helped win a presidential election". National Constitution Center. September 23, 2017. Retrieved November 17, 2017.

[k-state.edu-5] "Presidential pets of the past". K-state.edu. September 23, 1952. Archived from the original on December 12, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[6] DVM: The Newsmagazine of Veterinary Medicine; Oct2008, Vol. 39 Issue 10, p22-22, 2/3p

[7] Ethan Trex. "mental_floss Blog » The Bizarre History of White House Pets". Mentalfloss.com. Archived from the original on June 15, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[usnews-8] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Pamela Redmond Satran (November 5, 2012). "Do You Have a Dog in This Election? Pets Are Presidential". U.S. News & World Report. Retrieved June 19, 2013.

[9] "Soldier, Statesman, Dog-Lover: George Washington's Pups". George Washington's Mount Vernon.

[11] "American Foxhound History & Training/Temperament". American Kennel Club. Retrieved August 27, 2017.

[choron2-13] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj Choron, 20.

[14] Mary Brigid Barrett. "Presidential Menageries: Washington's Mules and Hounds". Our White House. The National Children's Book and Literacy Alliance. Retrieved August 5, 2017.

[15] "Nelson (Horse)". George Washington's Mount Vernon.

[WhiteHouse(1999)-17] "Spring 1999: Presidential Pets". Inside the White House. nara.gov. Retrieved December 21, 2012.

[20] Wolf, Alissa. "First Pets: A History of Critters in the White House". About.com. Retrieved October 2, 2012.

[:0-21] Calkhoven, Laurie (2007). George Washington: An American Life. Edison, NJ: Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 91. ISBN 9781402735462.

[:1-22] "White House Pets (1789–1850) – Presidential Pet Museum". Retrieved September 10, 2016.

[23] "James Monroe Biography – Presidential Pet Museum". Presidential Pet Museum. Retrieved August 5, 2017.

[24] The Handy Science Answer Book. Visible Ink Press. 2011. Retrieved December 22, 2012.

[NCBLA-25] Lang, Heather. "Lions and Tigers and Bears, Oh My! Animals at the White House". Our White House. National Children's Book and Literacy Alliance. Retrieved January 3, 2018.

[thoughtlongley-26] Longley, Robert (June 29, 2017). "First Pets: Animals in the White House". ThoughtCo. Retrieved July 11, 2017.

[27] The Handy Science Answer Book. Visible Ink Press. 2011. Retrieved October 3, 2015.

[Teacup-28] Kate Kelly (August 5, 2015). "Teacup Dogs Owned by President Franklin Pierce". America Comes Alive. Retrieved August 27, 2017.

[30] Abraham Lincoln’s Cats

[Kelly(Cleveland)-31] Kate Kelly (July 13, 2016). "Grover Cleveland's Dogs and Other Pets". America Comes Alive. Retrieved August 5, 2017.

[WH_for_kids-32] "Pets in the White House". White House for Kids. nara.gov. Retrieved December 21, 2012.

[33] U.S. Presidents: Truth and Rumors By Sean Price, Sean Stewart Price. Coughlan Publishing, 2010, Page 14: Accessed Via Google Books Search April 27, 2011. Quote under Presidential Pets:"Benjamin Harrison let a pair of pet opossums run around."

[National_Park_Service-34] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p "The Roosevelt Pets". National Park Service. U.S. Department of the Interior. Retrieved December 21, 2012. (Reprinted from the National Archives and Records Administration)

[35] "America's First Presidential Hyena". Ethiopianism-Ethiopiawinet Online Revival. November 14, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2017.

[36] Betsy (July 1, 2013). "Pay a Call on Petey the Canary at Warren G. Harding's Marion Home".

[bauer-37] Stephen Bauer, At Ease in the White House: Social Life as Seen by a Presidential Military Aide, Taylor Trade Publications, 2004. ISBN 1-58979-079-0. pp 224.

[planet-38] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab Sandra Choron, Planet Dog: A Doglopedia, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2005, ISBN 0-618-51752-9. pp 21.

[39] Amy Ruth, Herbert Hoover, Twenty-First Century Books, 2004, ISBN 0-8225-0821-4. pp 64.

[40] Wayne Bryant Eldridge, Tom Kerr The Best Pet Name Book Ever!, Barron's Educational Series, 2003, ISBN 0-7641-2499-4. pp 29.

[41] Herbert Hoover Biography

[42] "President Truman's Dog, Feller". Highland-ohio.com. January 12, 1948. Retrieved June 16, 2011.

[43] Sally Bedell Smith, Grace And Power, Random House, Inc., 2006, ISBN 0-345-48497-5, pp 219.

[jfklibrary.org-44] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Pets – John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum". Jfklibrary.org. December 3, 1961. Archived from the original on August 22, 2006. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[45] Smith, 125.

[46] Morrow, Laurie Bogart, The Giant Book of Dog Names, p. 414

[47] JFK’s German Shepherd Dog, Clipper

[48] Smith, 293, 489.

[john-49] Lyndon B. Johnson Library and Museum President Johnson's Dogs Archived July 11, 2007, at the Wayback Machine

[days-50] Bryant, Traphes, with Frances Spatz Leighton, Dog Days at the White House: The Outrageous Memoirs of the Presidential Kennel Keeper, New York: Macmillan Publishing, 1975. ISBN 0-671-80533-9

[51] "Lyndon B. Johnson's Pet Info". Exoticdogs.com. Retrieved June 16, 2011.

[gmu-52] "Richard M. Nixon". June 5, 2004. Archived from the original on June 5, 2004. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[53] Bauer, 8.

[55] Ford Presidential Library and Museum, Ford Family White House and Pets

[56] Tribune, Chicago. "Presidential pets". chicagotribune.com.

[57] "Presidential Pooch – Grits, the Impeached First Dog | Bully Sticks". Bullysticksinfo.com. November 21, 2008. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved June 16, 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)

[58] "Ronald Reagan Presidential Library". Reagan.utexas.edu. Retrieved June 16, 2011.

[coren-59] Stanley Coren, Why Does My Dog Act That Way?, Simon and Schuster, 2007, ISBN 0-7432-7707-4. pp 6.

[coren2-60] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Stanley Coren, Why We Love the Dogs We Do: How to Find the Dog That Matches Your Personality, Simon and Schuster, 2000, ISBN 0-684-85502-X. pp. 5.

[61] Coren, Why Does my Dog..., 7.

[62] George H. W. Bush, All the Best, George Bush Simon and Schuster, 2000, pp 595, correspondence from September 10, 1996, ISBN 0-7432-0048-9, ISBN 978-0-7432-0048-6

[Holly-63] Bailey, Holly (April 24, 2013). "Laura Bush: New library is not 'a monument' to her husband". Yahoo News. Retrieved April 24, 2013.

[64] Barack Obama (August 19, 2013). "Meet the newest member of the Obama family: Sunny". Facebook. Retrieved August 19, 2013.

[65] Hannah August (August 19, 2013). "Meet Sunny: The Obamas' New Puppy". The White House Blog. Retrieved August 20, 2013.^{[permanent dead link]}

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