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List of weapons of the Lebanese Civil War

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The Lebanese Civil War was a multi-sided military conflict that pitted a variety of local irregular militias, both Muslim and Christian, against each other between 1975 and 1990. A wide variety of weapons were used by the different armies and factions operating in the Lebanese Civil War. Combatants included:

Weapons and equipment

The list below comprises all the weapons and equipment employed by the LNM, Lebanese Front, LAA, AFL, LF, IUM, Hezbollah, Al-Mourabitoun, NLA, Druze PLA, SLA, LAF, ISF, and lesser Lebanese groups. (note: the Syrian Army, PLO, Palestinian PLA and IDF are not included on this list)

Pistols and revolvers

Colt M1911A1 pistol
Colt Cobra .38 Special snub-nose revolver
Tokarev TT-33 pistol
CZ 75 pistol
Makarov PM/PMM pistol

Submachine guns

MAT-49 Submachine gun
Škorpion vz. 61 Submachine gun
Socimi Type 821 Submachine gun

Bolt action rifles

Semi-automatic rifles

M1 Garand rifle (Beretta Model 1952)
SKS semi-automatic rifle
M14 semi-automatic rifle

Carbines

SIG SG 543 carbine

Assault rifles

FN FAL assault rifle
vz. 58 assault rifle
M16A1 assault rifle
AR-18 assault rifle
File:SG 540 Manurhin.jpg
SIG SG 540 assault rifle

Sniper rifles

Dragunov SVD-63 sniper rifle
PSL sniper rifle
M40 sniper rifle
Remington Model 700 sniper rifle

Shotguns

Light machine guns

Israeli Heavy Barrel MAKLEON FAL.
HK 21 light machine gun
M1918A2 BAR

General-purpose machine guns

MG 34 machine gun
File:M60GPMG.jpeg
M60 machine gun

Medium and Heavy machine guns

M2HB heavy machine gun

Grenade systems

Anti-tank rocket and grenade launchers

RL-83 Blindicide
M72 LAW
M203 grenade launcher
M79 grenade launcher

Recoilless rifles

B-10 82mm recoilless rifle in Batey Ha-Osef Museum, Tel Aviv, Israel.
B-11 107mm recoilless rifle in Batey ha-Osef Museum, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Mortars

Soltam M-65 120mm heavy mortar in Beyt ha-Totchan Museum, Zikhron Ya'akov, Israel.
Soltam M-66 160mm heavy mortar in Beyt ha-Totchan Museum, Zikhron Ya'akov, Israel.

Rocket and missile systems

Grad-P 122mm single tube rocket launcher system in Batey Ha-Osef Museum, Tel Aviv, Israel.
APR-40/RO-40 128mm 6-tube multiple rocket launcher mounted on a DAC chassis in Beyt ha-Totchan Museum, Zikhron Ya'akov, Israel.

Anti-tank guns

ZiS-2 57mm anti-tank gun in Batey Ha-Osef Museum, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2005.
D-44 85mm anti-tank gun in Beyt ha-Totchan Museum, Zikhron Ya'akov, Israel.

Anti-aircraft guns and Autocannons

AZP S-60 57mm anti-aircraft gun in Hatzerim Israel Airforce Museum, Beersheba, Israel.

Howitzers

Mle 1950 BF-50 155mm howitzer in Beyt ha-Totchan Museum, Zikhron Ya'akov, Israel.
M-30 122mm howitzer in Beyt ha-Totchan museum, Zikhron Ya'akov, Israel.

Armoured vehicles

AML-90 of the Lebanese Army in Beirut, 1982.
ex-PLO built UR-416 clone in Batey Ha-Osef Museum, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2005.
BTR-152 converted into an ARV by the South Lebanese Army in Yad La-Shiryon Museum, Latrun, Israel, 2005.
ex-Lebanese Army AMX-VCI in Yad La-Shiryon Museum, Latrun, Israel, 2005.
BTR-50PK converted into an Medevac vehicle by the South Lebanese Army in Yad La-Shiryon Museum, Latrun, Israel, 2005.
ex-Lebanese Army M41A3 light tank in Yad La-Shiryon Museum, Latrun, Israel, 2005.
ex-Lebanese Army AMX-13 light tank in Yad La-Shiryon Museum, Latrun, Israel, 2005.
Amal fighters manning a T-55A tank provided by Syria, Beirut 1980s.

Technicals and transport vehicles

Vehicle-borne improvised explosive devices

Helicopters

Aircraft

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Katz, Russel, and Volstad, Armies in Lebanon (1985), pp. 44-45, Plate G3.
  2. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 47, Plate H3.
  3. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 46, Plate H1.
  4. ^ Micheletti and Debay, Liban – dix jours aux cœur des combats (1989), p. 30.
  5. ^ http://world.guns.ru/rifle/autoloading-rifles/fr/mas-1949-and-4956-e.html
  6. ^ Micheletti and Debay, Liban – dix jours aux cœur des combats (1989), p. 31.
  7. ^ Huon, Un Siècle d'Armement Mondial: Armes à feu d'infanterie de petit calibre, tome 4 (1981), page unknown.
  8. ^ http://www.bavarianm1carbines.com/carbinesnara.html
  9. ^ Katz, Russel, and Volstad, Armies in Lebanon (1985), p. 16.
  10. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 46, Plate G5.
  11. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 47, Plate H3.
  12. ^ Laffin, The War of Desperation: Lebanon 1982-85 (1985), p. 40.
  13. ^ Katz, Russel, and Volstad, Armies in Lebanon (1985), pp. 40-41, Plate D2.
  14. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 46, Plate H2.
  15. ^ Katz, Russel, and Volstad, Armies in Lebanon (1985), p. 44, Plate G2.
  16. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 46, Plate G3.
  17. ^ Katz, Russel, and Volstad, Armies in Lebanon (1985), p. 40, Plate D1.
  18. ^ Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas (1979), p. 7.
  19. ^ Micheletti and Debay, Liban – dix jours aux cœur des combats (1989), p. 35.
  20. ^ Katz, Russel, and Volstad, Armies in Lebanon (1985), pp. 44-45, Plate G3.
  21. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 22.
  22. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 47, Plate H4.
  23. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 46, Plate G3.
  24. ^ Naud, La Guerre Civile Libanaise - 2e partie: Les combats israélo-Syriens au Liban, 1982, p. 15.
  25. ^ Laffin, The War of Desperation: Lebanon 1982-85 (1985), p. 40.
  26. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 47, Plate H4.
  27. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 47, Plate H4.
  28. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 41.
  29. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 26.
  30. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 16.
  31. ^ Micheletti and Debay, Liban – dix jours aux cœur des combats (1989), p. 30.
  32. ^ Naud, La Guerre Civile Libanaise - 2e partie: Les combats israélo-Syriens au Liban, 1982, p. 10.
  33. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2003), p. 63.
  34. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 35.
  35. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2003), p. 63.
  36. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 36.
  37. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), pp. 15; 35.
  38. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 36.
  39. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 46, Plate H1.
  40. ^ Micheletti and Debay, Liban – dix jours aux cœur des combats (1989), p. 30.
  41. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 31.
  42. ^ A Toyota Land Cruiser BJ40/42 of the AMAL militia in 1984 armed with a Chinese made Type 56 75mm recoilless rifle.
  43. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2003), p. 25.
  44. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 21.
  45. ^ Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas (1979), appendix A, table A-6.
  46. ^ Mahé, La Guerre Civile Libanaise, un chaos indescriptible! (1975-1990), p. 81.
  47. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 56.
  48. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2) (1998), p. 66.
  49. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2) (1998), p. 66.
  50. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2) (1998), p. 66.
  51. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2) (1998), p. 66.
  52. ^ Guest, Lebanon (1994), p. 106.
  53. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 37.
  54. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 61.
  55. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 54.
  56. ^ Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas (1979), pp. 16-21, 32-36, 52; Appendix A, A-10, Table 3; Appendix D, D-5.
  57. ^ Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas (1979), pp. 16-21, 32-36, 52; Appendix A, A-10, Table 3; Appendix D, D-5.
  58. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 59.
  59. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), p. 95.
  60. ^ http://www.warwheels.net/Model_M35A2wBoforsASSAD.html - 1/35 Model Photos of a Lebanese Special Forces AA QF Bofors 40mm gun mounted on a M35A2 Gun Truck.
  61. ^ http://osw.zone/paint-weathering-diorama/vallejo-colors/135-btr-152-apc-armed-with-bofors-40-mm-gunnlp-tigers-militialebanon1976-by/ - 1/35 Model Photos of a Lebanese Tigers Militia AA QF Bofors 40mm gun mounted on a BTR-152 APC, c.1976.
  62. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 53.
  63. ^ Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas (1979), appendix A, table A-6.
  64. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 28.
  65. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 52.
  66. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 21.
  67. ^ Laffin, The War of Desperation: Lebanon 1982-85 (1985), p. 40.
  68. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 21.
  69. ^ Micheletti, Bataille d'Artillerie, RAIDS magazine (1989), p. 14.
  70. ^ Guest, Lebanon (1994), p. 105.
  71. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 22.
  72. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 21.
  73. ^ Naud, La Guerre Civile Libanaise - 1re partie: 1975-1978, p. 11.
  74. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 15; 21-22; 49.
  75. ^ Zaloga, Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948-78 (1981), p. 33.
  76. ^ Mesko, Greer and Manley, M41 Walker Bulldog in action (1991), p. 39.
  77. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 9; 50.
  78. ^ Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas (1979), Appendix D, D-3.
  79. ^ Zaloga, Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948-78 (1981), pp. 33; 39-40, Plate H1.
  80. ^ Laffin, The War of Desperation: Lebanon 1982-85 (1985), p. 40.
  81. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 62.
  82. ^ Naud, La Guerre Civile Libanaise - 2e partie: Les combats israélo-Syriens au Liban, 1982, p. 8.
  83. ^ Zaloga, Kinnear and Sarson, T-34-85 Medium Tank 1944-94 (1996), pp. 39; 47.
  84. ^ Laffin, The War of Desperation: Lebanon 1982-85 (1985), p. 40.
  85. ^ Dunord, Liban: Les milices rendent leurs armes, RAIDS magazine (1991), p. 31.
  86. ^ Kassis, Les TIRAN 4 et 5, de Tsahal aux Milices Chrétiennes, p. 59.
  87. ^ Menargues, Les Secrets de la guerre du Liban (2004), p. 85.
  88. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2) (1998), pp. 63-64.
  89. ^ Naud, La Guerre Civile Libanaise - 1re partie: 1975-1978, p. 10.
  90. ^ Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas (1979), appendix A, table A-6.
  91. ^ Zaloga, Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948-78 (1981), pp. 33; 40, Plate H3.
  92. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 38-39; 50.
  93. ^ Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas (1979), Appendix D, D-4.
  94. ^ Zaloga, Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948-78 (1981), p. 33.
  95. ^ Mesko, Greer and Manley, M41 Walker Bulldog in action (1991), p. 27.
  96. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), p. 91.
  97. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 51; 53.
  98. ^ Micheletti, Les véhicules de la Guerre du Liban, RAIDS magazine (1994), p. 9.
  99. ^ http://forum.tayyar.org/f8/army-lebanon-36023/index7.html – information on al-Murabitoun Shilka vehicles.
  100. ^ Mahé, La Guerre Civile Libanaise, un chaos indescriptible! (1975-1990), p. 81.
  101. ^ Naud, La Guerre Civile Libanaise - 2e partie: Les combats israélo-Syriens au Liban, 1982, p. 14.
  102. ^ Zaloga, ZSU-23-4 Shilka & Soviet Air Defense Gun Vehicles (1993), pp. 35-36.
  103. ^ Christopher F. Foss, Jane's Tank & Combat Vehicle recognition guide (2002), p. 260.
  104. ^ Zaloga, Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948-78 (1981), p. 33.
  105. ^ Lathrop, McDonald and Laurier, Cadillac Cage V-100 Commando 1960-71 (2002), p. 42.
  106. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 14; 45; 54-55.
  107. ^ Zaloga and Bull, Staghound armored car 1942-62 (2000), pp. 42-45.
  108. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 46-48.
  109. ^ Fortin, Ludovic. T17E1 Staghound Armoured Car – Le char sur roues, Trucks & Tracks Magazine, December 2007 - January 2008 issue, pp. 48-67.
  110. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), pp. 85-87.
  111. ^ http://milinme.wordpress.com/category/staghound/ – Colonel Barakat's Army of Free Lebanon's Staghound Mk.III armoured car near Binayit el-Béton, East Beirut, March 1976.
  112. ^ Zaloga, Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948-78 (1981), p. 33.
  113. ^ Hamizrachi, The Emergence of South Lebanon Security Belt (1984), pp. 55-89.
  114. ^ Badran, Lebanon: Liberation, Conflict, and Crisis (2010), pp. 50-52.
  115. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 22; 24-25; 40; 56-58.
  116. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 6-7; 23; 26; 28-29; 30-31.
  117. ^ http://milinme.wordpress.com/category/v-200-chaimite – An ex-ISF V-200 Chaimite employed by the Guardians of the Cedars pictured at Houche-el-Oumara during the Battle of Zahleh, April–June 1981.
  118. ^ Katz, Battleground Lebanon (1990), p. 38.
  119. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2003), p. 56.
  120. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), p. 125.
  121. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), p. 95.
  122. ^ Mahé, La Guerre Civile Libanaise, un chaos indescriptible! (1975-1990), p. 79.
  123. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 58-60.
  124. ^ http://osw.zone/paint-weathering-diorama/vallejo-colors/135-btr-152-apc-armed-with-bofors-40-mm-gunnlp-tigers-militialebanon1976-by/ – 1/35 Model Photos of a Lebanese Tigers Militia AA QF Bofors 40mm gun mounted on a BTR-152 APC, c.1976.
  125. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 58.
  126. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2003), pp. 53; 57-58.
  127. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 21.
  128. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 30-31.
  129. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2003), p. 54.
  130. ^ Jureidini, McLaurin, and Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas (1979), appendix A, table A-6.
  131. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2003), pp. 52; 60.
  132. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 14; 22; 44; 56-57.
  133. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 63.
  134. ^ El-Assad, Blue Steel: M-3 Halftracks in South Lebanon (2006), p. 58.
  135. ^ Zaloga, Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948-78 (1981), pp. 33; 39, Plate G1.
  136. ^ Dunstam, Hadler and Smith, The M113 series (1983), p. 33.
  137. ^ Laffin, The War of Desperation: Lebanon 1982-85 (1985), p. 40.
  138. ^ Christopher F. Foss, Jane's Tank & Combat Vehicle recognition guide (2002), p. 215.
  139. ^ El-Assad, Blue Steel III: M-113 Carriers in South Lebanon (2007), p. 8.
  140. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 49-50.
  141. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2003), pp. 54; 56; 60.
  142. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 58.
  143. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 66.
  144. ^ Dunstam, Hadler and Smith, The M113 series (1983), p. 33.
  145. ^ Dunstam, Hadler and Smith, The M113 series (1983), p. 33.
  146. ^ O'Ballance, Civil War in Lebanon (1998), p. 32.
  147. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 30.
  148. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 41.
  149. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 8; 51.
  150. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), p. 135.
  151. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 47; 58; 60.
  152. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 47; 53.
  153. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), p. 64-65.
  154. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), p. 139.
  155. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 62.
  156. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), p. 107.
  157. ^ Mahé, La Guerre Civile Libanaise, un chaos indescriptible (1975-1990), p. 81.
  158. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), pp. 66-67.
  159. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), p. 93.
  160. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), pp. 68-69.
  161. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), pp. 55-57.
  162. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 74.
  163. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), p. 19.
  164. ^ "Lebanese Armed Forces Vehicles: The CUCV (Dodge & Chevrolet)". Military In the Middle East. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
  165. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 67.
  166. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 4.
  167. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 27.
  168. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 47.
  169. ^ Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2) (1998), p. 66.
  170. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), pp. 99-101.
  171. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 30.
  172. ^ Dunord, Liban: Les milices rendent leurs armes (1991), p. 31.
  173. ^ El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks (2008), pp. 115; 117.
  174. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 57.
  175. ^ Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2003), p. 33.
  176. ^ Naud, La Guerre Civile Libanaise - 1re partie: 1975-1978, p. 9.
  177. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), p. 29.
  178. ^ Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon (2012), pp. 25; 51.
  179. ^ The Atlas Group and Walid Raad - Cornerhouse
  180. ^ Katz, Russel, and Volstad, Armies in Lebanon (1985), p. 34.
  181. ^ O'Ballance, Civil War in Lebanon (1998), pp. 121; 123.
  182. ^ Guest, Lebanon (1994), p. 111.
  183. ^ O'Ballance, Civil War in Lebanon (1998), p. 132.
  184. ^ Gunston, An Illustrated Guide to Military Helicopters (1981), p. 82.
  185. ^ "World Air Forces 1987 pg. 68". flightglobal.com. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
  186. ^ Gunston, An Illustrated Guide to Military Helicopters (1981), p. 82.
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  188. ^ Gunston, An Illustrated Guide to Military Helicopters (1981), p. 90.
  189. ^ Micheletti and Debay, Liban – dix jours aux cœur des combats (1989), p. 18.
  190. ^ Gunston, An Illustrated Guide to Military Helicopters (1981), p. 86.
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  192. ^ Gunston, An Illustrated Guide to Military Helicopters (1981), p. 19.
  193. ^ Jackson, Modern Combat Aircraft 23: Mirage (1985), p. 53.
  194. ^ Jackson, World Air Power Journal Volume 14 (1993), p. 127.
  195. ^ "World Air Forces 1987 pg. 68". Flightglobal Insight. 1987. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
  196. ^ Guest, Lebanon (1994), p. 106.
  197. ^ Hokayem, L'armée libanaise pendant la guerre: un instrument du pouvoir du président de la République (1975-1985) (2012), pp. 82-83.
  198. ^ Hoy and Ostrovsky, By Way of Deception: The Making and Unmaking of a Mossad Officer (1990), p. 304.
  199. ^ Menargues, Les Secrets de la guerre du Liban (2004), p. 110.
  200. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 47, Plate H4.
  201. ^ Katz and Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2 (1988), p. 47, Plate H4.

References

  • Alain Menargues, Les Secrets de la guerre du Liban: Du coup d'état de Béchir Gémayel aux massacres des camps palestiniens, Albin Michel, Paris 2004. ISBN 978-2226121271 (in French)
  • Beate Hamizrachi, The Emergence of South Lebanon Security Belt, Praeger Publishers Inc., New York 1984. ISBN 978-0-275-92854-4
  • Bill Gunston, An Illustrated Guide to Military Helicopters, Salamander Books Ltd, London 1981. ISBN 978-0861011100
  • Christopher F. Foss, Jane's Tank & Combat Vehicle recognition guide, HarperCollins Publishers, London 2002. ISBN 0-00-712759-6
  • Claire Hoy and Victor Ostrovsky, By Way of Deception: The Making and Unmaking of a Mossad Officer, St. Martin’s Press, New York 1990. ISBN 0-9717595-0-2
  • Edgar O'Ballance, Civil War in Lebanon, 1975-92, Palgrave Macmillan, London 1998. ISBN 0-333-72975-7
  • Éric Micheletti and Yves Debay, Liban – dix jours aux cœur des combats, RAIDS magazine n.º41, October 1989 issue. ISSN 0769-4814 (in French)
  • Éric Micheletti, Autopsie de la Guerre au Liban, RAIDS magazine n.º100, September 1994 special issue. ISSN 0769-4814 (in French)
  • Ian Hogg, Jane's Guns recognition guide, HarperCollins Publishers, London 2002. ISBN 0-00-712760-X
  • Jean Dunord, Liban: Les milices rendent leurs armes, RAIDS magazine n.º65, October 1991 issue. ISSN 0769-4814 (in French)
  • Jean Huon, Un Siècle d'Armement Mondial: Armes à feu d'infanterie de petit calibre, tome 4, Crépin-Leblond éditions, Chaumont 1981. ASIN B009GJSUTE (in French)
  • Joseph Hokayem, L'armée libanaise pendant la guerre: un instrument du pouvoir du président de la République (1975-1985), Lulu.com, Beyrouth 2012. ISBN 9781291036602, 1291036601 (in French) – [1]
  • John Laffin, The War of Desperation: Lebanon 1982-85, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1985. ISBN 0 85045 603 7
  • Jim Mesko, Don Greer and Perry Manley, M41 Walker Bulldog in action – Armor Number 29, Squadron/Signal Publications, Carrolton, Texas 1991. ISBN 0-89747-262-4
  • Samuel M. Katz and Ron Volstad, Battleground Lebanon, Concord Publications, Hong Kong 1990. ISBN 962-361-003-3
  • Samuel M. Katz, Lee E. Russel, and Ron Volstad, Armies in Lebanon 1982-84, Men-at-arms series 165, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1985. ISBN 0-85045-602-9
  • Samuel M. Katz and Ron Volstad, Arab Armies of the Middle East Wars 2, Men-at-arms series 194, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1988. ISBN 0-85045-800-5
  • Samer Kassis, 30 Years of Military Vehicles in Lebanon, Beirut: Elite Group, 2003. ISBN 9953-0-0705-5
  • Samer Kassis, Véhicules Militaires au Liban/Military Vehicles in Lebanon 1975-1981, Trebia Publishing, Chyah 2012. ISBN 978-9953-0-2372-4
  • Samer Kassis, Les TIRAN 4 et 5, de Tsahal aux Milices Chrétiennes (1960-1990), Trucks & Tanks Magazine n.º 50, July–August 2015, pp. 54–61. ISSN 1957-4193 (in French)
  • Simon Dunstam, Terry Hadler and David E. Smith, The M113 series, Vanguard series 34, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1983. ISBN 0-85045-495-6
  • Steven J. Zaloga, Armour of the Middle East Wars 1948-78, Vanguard series 19, Osprey Publishing Ltd, London 1981. ISBN 0 85045 388 7
  • Steven J. Zaloga, ZSU-23-4 Shilka & Soviet Air Defense Gun Vehicles, Concord Publications, Hong Kong 1993. ISBN 962-361-039-4
  • Steven J. Zaloga, Tank battles of the Mid-East Wars (2): The wars of 1973 to the present, Concord Publications, Hong Kong 2003. ISBN 962-361-613-9
  • Steven J. Zaloga, Jim Kinnear and Peter Sarson, T-34-85 Medium Tank 1944-94, New Vanguard series 20, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 1996. ISBN 1 85532 535 7
  • Steven J. Zaloga and Peter Bull, Staghound armored car 1942-62, New Vanguard series 159, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2000. ISBN 978 1 84603 392 6
  • Tony Badran (Barry Rubin ed.), Lebanon: Liberation, Conflict, and Crisis, Palgrave Macmillan, London 2010. ISBN 978-0-230-62306-4
  • Ken Guest, Lebanon, in Flashpoint! At the Front Line of Today's Wars, Arms and Armour Press, London 1994, pp. 97–111. ISBN 1-85409-247-2
  • Moustafa El-Assad, Blue Steel 2: M-3 Halftracks in South Lebanon, Blue Steel books, Sidon 2006.
  • Moustafa El-Assad, Blue Steel III: M-113 Carriers in South Lebanon, Blue Steel books, Sidon 2007.
  • Moustafa El-Assad, Blue Steel IV: M-50 Shermans and M-50 APCs in South Lebanon, Blue Steel books, Sidon 2007.
  • Moustafa El-Assad, Civil Wars Volume 1: The Gun Trucks, Blue Steel books, Sidon 2008. ISBN 9789953012568
  • Paul Jackson, "Mirage III/5/50 Variant Briefing: Part 1: Dassault's Delta", World Air Power Journal, Volume 14, Autumn/Fall 1993, pp. 112–137, London: Aerospace Publishing. ISBN 1-874023-32-8, ISSN 0959-7050
  • Paul Jackson, Modern Combat Aircraft 23: Mirage, Shepperton, UK: Ian Allen, 1985. ISBN 0-7110-1512-0
  • Paul Jureidini, R. D. McLaurin, and James Price, Military operations in selected Lebanese built-up areas, 1975-1978, Aberdeen, MD: U.S. Army Human Engineering Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Technical Memorandum 11-79, June 1979.
  • Philipe Naud, La Guerre Civile Libanaise - 1re partie: 1975-1978, Steelmasters Magazine, August–September 2012, pp. 8–16. ISSN 1962-4654 (in French)
  • Philipe Naud, La Guerre Civile Libanaise - 2e partie: Les combats israélo-Syriens au Liban, 1982, Steelmasters Magazine, April–May 2013, pp. 8–15. ISSN 1962-4654 (in French)
  • Richard Lathrop, John McDonald and Jim Laurier, Cadillac Cage V-100 Commando 1960-71, New Vanguard series 52, Osprey Publishing Ltd, Oxford 2002. ISBN 1 84176 415 9
  • Yann Mahé, La Guerre Civile Libanaise, un chaos indescriptible (1975-1990), Trucks & Tanks Magazine n.º 41, January–February 2014, pp. 78–81. ISSN 1957-4193 (in French)
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