Dynasty

This article is about the general concept of a line of rulers. For other uses, see Dynasty (disambiguation).

Tutankhamun was a member of the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt.

A dynasty is a sequence of rulers considered members of the same family. Historians traditionally consider many sovereign states' history within a framework of successive dynasties, e.g., China, Ancient Egypt and the Persian Empire. Much of European political history is dominated by dynasties such as the Carolingians, the Capetians, the Bourbons, the Habsburgs, the Stuarts, the Hohenzollerns and the Romanovs. Until the 19th century, it was taken for granted that a legitimate function of a monarch was to aggrandize his dynasty; that is, to increase the territory, wealth and power of family members.

A dynasty is also often called a house (e.g., House of Saud and House of Windsor), and may be described as imperial, royal, ducal or comital depending upon the chief title borne by its rulers. Dynasty is also used to refer to the era during which a family reigned, as well as events, trends and artifacts of that period (e.g. "Ming dynasty vase"). In such cases, often "dynasty" is dropped, while the name is used adjectivally; e.g., Tudor style, Ottoman expansion, Romanov decadence, etc.

While contemporary English includes references to an array of prominent or influential families as dynasties, in much of the world, dynasty has been associated with monarchy and defined patrilineally. Kinship and inheritance were predominantly viewed and legally calculated through descent from a common ancestor in the male line. However, men descended from a dynasty through females have sometimes adopted the name of that dynasty while claiming its position or inheritance (e.g., House of Orange, House of Bagration, House of Habsburg-Lorraine).

Dynasts

A ruler in a dynasty is sometimes referred to as a dynast, but this term is also used to describe any member of a reigning family who retains succession rights to a throne. For example, following his abdication, Edward VIII of the United Kingdom ceased to be a dynastic member of the House of Windsor.

A "dynastic marriage" is one that complies with monarchical house law restrictions, so that the descendants are eligible to inherit the throne and/or other royal privileges. For instance, the 2002 marriage of Willem-Alexander, Prince of Orange to Máxima Zorreguieta was dynastic, and their eldest child is expected to eventually inherit the Dutch crown. But the marriage of his younger brother Prince Friso to Mabel Wisse Smit in 2003 lacked government support and parliamentary approval. Thus Friso forfeited his place in the order of succession, lost his title as a Prince of the Netherlands, and his children have no dynastic rights.

In historical and monarchist references to formerly reigning families, dynastic describes a family member who would have succession rights if the monarchy's rules were still in force. For example, after the 1914 assassinations of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his morganatic wife Sophie von Hohenberg, their son Max was bypassed for the Austrian throne because he was not a Habsburg dynast. Even since abolition of the Austrian monarchy, Max and his descendants have not been considered the rightful pretenders by Austrian monarchists, nor have they claimed that position.

The term "dynast" is sometimes used to refer to agnatic descendants of a realm's monarchs, and sometimes to those who hold succession rights through cognatic royal descent. The term can therefore describe overlapping but distinct sets of people. For example, David Armstrong-Jones, Viscount Linley, a nephew of Queen Elizabeth II through her sister, Princess Margaret, is in the line of succession to the British crown: in that sense is a British dynast. Yet he is not a male-line member of the royal family, and is therefore not a dynast of the House of Windsor.

On the other hand, the German aristocrat Ernst August, Prince of Hanover (born 1954), a male-line descendant of George III of the United Kingdom, possesses no legal British name, titles or styles (although he is entitled to re-claim the once-royal dukedom of Cumberland), was born in the line of succession to the British crown and is bound by Britain's Royal Marriages Act 1772. Thus, in 1999 he requested and obtained formal permission from Elizabeth II to marry the Roman Catholic Princess Caroline of Monaco. But immediately upon marriage he forfeited his right to the British throne because the English Act of Settlement 1701 dictates that dynasts who marry Roman Catholics are considered "dead" for the purpose of succession.

Dynasties by region

Africa

Chad

• Duguwa dynasty (c. 700 – c. 1075)
• Sayfawa dynasty (c. 1075–1846)

Egypt

• 1st dynasty (c. 3050 – 2890 BC)
• 2nd dynasty (2890–2686 BC)
• 3rd dynasty (2686–2613 BC)
• 4th dynasty (2613–2498 BC)
• 5th dynasty (2498–2345 BC)
• 6th dynasty (2345–2181 BC)

• 7th and 8th dynasties (2181 - 2160 BC)
• 9th dynasty (2160–2130 BC)
• 10th dynasty (2130–2040 BC)
• 11th dynasty (2134–1991 BC)
• 12th dynasty (1991–1803 BC)
• 13th dynasty (1803–1649 BC)
• 14th dynasty (1705–1690 BC)
• 15th dynasty (1674–1535 BC)
• 16th dynasty (1660–1600 BC)
• 17th dynasty (1650–1549 BC)
• 18th dynasty (1549–1292 BC)
• 19th dynasty (1292–1186 BC)
• 20th dynasty (1186–1069 BC)
• 21st dynasty (1069 – 945 BC)
• 22nd dynasty (945 – 720 BC)
• 23rd dynasty (837 – 728 BC)
• 24th dynasty (732 – 720 BC)
• 25th dynasty (732 – 653 BC)
• 26th dynasty (672 – 525 BC)
• Achaemenid dynasty (525 – 404 BC)
• 28th dynasty (404 – 398 BC)
• 29th dynasty (398 – 380 BC)
• 30th dynasty (380 – 343 BC)
• Achaemenid dynasty (343 – 332 BC)
• Argead dynasty (332 – 309 BC)
• Ptolemaic Dynasty (305 – 30 BC)
• Julio-Claudian Dynasty (27 BC – AD 68)
• Flavian Dynasty (69 – 96)
• Nervan-Antonian Dynasty (96 – 192)
• Severan Dynasty (193 – 235)
• Constantinian dynasty (303 – 336)
• Valentinian Dynasty (364 – 457)
  • House of Theodosius from 379
• Leonid dynasty (457 – 518)
• Justinian Dynasty (518 – 602)
• Sassanian dynasty
• Heraclian Dynasty (602 – 695 and 705 – 711)
• Rashidun Caliphate
• Umayyad Caliphate
• Abbasid Caliphate
• Mamelukes
• Ottoman Sultanate
• Muhammad Ali Dynasty (1805–1953)

Ethiopia

• Aksumite Empire
• Zagwe dynasty (c. 900 – 1270)
• Solomonic dynasty (1270–1974)
• Mudaito Dynasty (1734 – present)

Guinea

• Keita dynasty (c. 1200–1670)

Morocco

• Idrisid dynasty (789 – 974)
• Maghrawa dynasty (987 – 1070)
• Almoravid dynasty (1073–1147)
• Almohad dynasty (1147–1269)
• Marinid dynasty (1258–1420)
• Wattasid dynasty (1420–1554)
• Saadi dynasty (1554–1659)
• Alaouite dynasty (1666 onwards)

Nigeria

• Eri dynasty of the Igbo and Igala peoples
• Eweka dynasty of Benin (a cadet branch of the Ooduan dynasty)
• Ibn Fodio dynasty of Sokoto and Gwandu
• Jaja dynasty of Opobu
• Modibo Adama dynasty of Adamawa
• el-Kanemi dynasty of Bornu
• Ooduan dynasty of Ife, Egba, Ketu, Sabe, Oyo, Ijero and the Ilas
• Asodeboyede dynasty of Akure (a cadet branch of the Ooduan dynasty)
• Ologun Kutere dynasty of Lagos (a cadet branch of the Ooduan dynasty)
• Sayfawa dynasty of Bornu

Senegal and Gambia (Senegambia)

• Lamanic period
  • Joof Dynasty
    • Wagadou (princesses from the Kingdom of Wagadou, later Ghana Empire married into the Serer nobility) (c. 11th century or sooner-1350)
      • Guelowar Dynasty (1350-1969)
• Joos (1367-1855)

Somalia

• Gareen Dynasty
• Walashma Dynasty
• Gobroon Dynasty
• Gerad Dynasty
• Hobyo Dynasty

South Africa

• Zulu Royal Family
• Rain Queen dynasty
• Transkeian dynasty of the Thembus (which counts Nelson Mandela as a non-regnal member)

Asia

Afghanistan

• Durrani Dynasty (1747–1823 and 1839–1842)
• Barakzai Dynasty (1818–1839, 1842–1929 and 1929–1973)
• Usurper King (January 17, 1929 - October 13, 1929)

Bhutan

• House of Wangchuck (1907–present)

India

• Nanda dynasty (424 – 321 BC)
• Mauryan dynasty (321 – 184 BC)
• Sunga dynasty (185 – 73 BC)
• Kanva dynasty (75 – 26 BC)
• Satavahana dynasty (230 BC – 220 AD)
• Chera dynasty (300 BC – 1200 AD)
• Chola dynasty (278 BC – 1279 AD)
• Pandya dynasty (300 BC – 1345 AD)
• Pallava dynasty (250 BC – 800 AD)
• Kushāṇa dynasty (60 – 240 AD)
• Vakataka dynasty (250 – 500 AD)
• Gupta dynasty (280 – 550 AD)
• Western Ganga dynasty (350 – 1000 AD)
• Vishnukundina dynasty (420 – 624 AD)
• Shahi dynasty (6th to 12th century)
• Chalukya dynasty (6th to 12th century)
• Pratihara dynasty (650 – 1036 AD)
• Pala dynasty (750 – 1174 AD)
• Rashtrakuta dynasty (753 – 982 AD)
• Tibetan empire (7th to the 11th century)
• Paramara dynasty (800 – 1327 AD)
• Yadava dynasty (850 – 1334 AD)
• Solanki dynasty (942 – 1244 AD)
• Hoysala dynasty (1040–1346 AD)
• Sena dynasty (1070–1230 AD)
• Eastern Ganga dynasty (1078–1434 AD)
• Kakatiya dynasty (1083–1323 AD)
• Travancore dynasty (1102–1949 AD)
• Ahom dynasty (1228–1826 AD)
• Sultanate dynasties (1206–1526 AD)
• Vijayanagara dynasty (1336–1646 AD)
• Mughal dynasty (1526–1803 AD)
• Maratha dynasty (1674–1818 AD)
• Nehru-Gandhi dynasty (1947 AD -)

China

Main article: Dynasties in Chinese history

• Five Emperors (2852–2205 BC)
• Xia Dynasty (2100–1600 BC)
• Shang Dynasty (1600–1046 BC)
• Zhou Dynasty (1046 – 256 BC)
• Warring States Period (445 – 221 BC) (Several of the Dynasties in the Warring States were descended from the Zhou royal family)
  • State of Song (part of warring states) The rulers of the state of Song were descendants of the Shang royal family.
  • State of Yue (part of warring states) The kings of Yueh claimed descent from the royal family of the Xia dynasty.
  • State of Wu Same royal family as Zhou dynasty
  • State of Jin Same royal family as Zhou dynasty
  • State of Ba (barbarian state, non sinicized)
• Qin Dynasty (221 – 206 BC) (The royal family of Qin ruled the State of Qin during warring states) (They also claimed descent from one of the Five emperors, Zhuanxu)
• Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220)
  • Minyue - same royal family as state of yueh- they fled when conquered by Chu and established Minyue, Min yue coexisted with the Warring states period, Qin, and Han dynasty until han conquered it.
  • Nanyue (South Yue) - Proto-Cantonese state founded by Qin general Zhao Tuo. (It is also Vietnam's Trieu Dynasty.)
  • Xin Dynasty (AD 9 – 23) Xin dynasty inturepted the han dynasty, splitting it into east and west periods
• Three Kingdoms (220 – 265) (The emperor of Shu was a descandant of the Han Dynasty royal family)
• Jin Dynasty (265–420)
• Northern Wei (controlled northern China to the Huai river) (386 – 534)
• Southern and Northern Dynasties (420 – 589)
• Sui Dynasty (581 – 618)
• Tang Dynasty (618 – 907) (The Tang Emperors were members of the Li family, descended from a ruler in the Southern and Northern Dynasties)
  • Second Zhou Dynasty (690 – 705) Interrupted Tang dynasty
• Liao Dynasty (Khitan) (907 – 1125) (controlled the 16 prefectures)
• Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period (907 – 960)
• Song Dynasty (960 – 1279)
• Jin Dynasty (Jurchen) (controlled northern China to the Huai river) (1115–1234)
• Yuan Dynasty (Mongol) (1271–1368)
• Ming Dynasty (1368–1644)
• Shun Dynasty (1644)
• Qing Dynasty (Manchu) (1644–1912)
  • Kingdom of Tungning (Taiwan, with Han Chinese rulers) (1662–1683)
• Empire of China (1915–1916)

Central Asia

• Tamerlane Timurid
• Ghaznavid Empire
• Ghurid Empire
• Ottoman Empire
• Seljuq Khanate
• Mughal Empire Mughulistan
• Durrani Empire
• Chagatai Khanate
• Hotaki Dynasty
• Suri Dynasty
• Mamluk Sultanate
• Khilji Dynasty
• Tughlaq Khanate
• Lodhi Dynasty
• Khwarazm Dynasty
• Samanid Dynasty

Israel

• Davidic Dynasty
• Hasmonean Dynasty
• Achaemenid dynasty (343 – 332 BC)
• Argead dynasty (332 – 309 BC)
• Ptolemaic Dynasty (305 – 30 BC)
• Herodian Dynasty
• Julio-Claudian Dynasty (27 BC – AD 68)
• Flavian Dynasty (69 – 96)
• Nervan-Antonian Dynasty (96 – 192)
• Severan Dynasty (193 – 235)
• Constantinian dynasty (303 – 336)
• Valentinian Dynasty (364 – 457)
  • House of Theodosius from 379
• Leonid dynasty (457 – 518)
• Justinian Dynasty (518 – 602)
• Heraclian Dynasty (602 – 695 and 705 – 711)

Japan

• Yamato dynasty, Imperial house of Japan (660 BC-present, with power fluctuating between absolute ruler to ceremonial figurehead to constitutional monarch)

Ryūkyū

• Shunten Dynasty (1187–1259)
• Eiso dynasty (1260–1349)
• Hokuzan (1314–1419)
• Chuzan (1314–1429)
• Nanzan (1314–1429)
• First Shō Dynasty (1406–1469)
• Second Shō Dynasty (1469–1879)

Korea

• Gojoseon (2333 – 108 BCE)
• Proto–Three Kingdoms (108 – 57 BCE)
• Three Kingdoms of Korea (57 BCE – 668)
  • Silla (57 BCE – 935)
  • Goguryeo (37 BCE – 668)
  • Baekje (18 BCE – 660)
  • Gaya (42 CE – 562)
• North-South States (698 – 935)
  • Unified Silla (668 – 935)
  • Balhae (698 – 926)
  • Later Three Kingdoms (892 – 936)
• Goryeo Dynasty (918 – 1392)
• Joseon Dynasty (1392–1897)
• Korean Empire (1897–1910)

Kuwait

• House of Sabah (1718–Present)

Maldives

• House of Theemuge (1117–1388)
• Hilaalee dynasty (1388–1558)
• (1558–1573) Interregnum
• Utheemu dynasty (1573–1692)
• (1692–1701) Kings who do not belong to a particular dynasty.
• Isdhoo dynasty (1701–1704)
• Dhiyamigili dynasty (1704–1757)
• Huraa dynasty (1757–1766)
• Dhiyamigili dynasty (1766–1773)
• Huraa dynasty (1773–1953)
• (1953–1953) Republic (President Muhammad Amin Didi).
• Huraa dynasty (1953–1968)
• (1968–1978) Republic (President Ibrahim Nasir).
• (1978–2008) Republic (President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom).

Malaysia

• White Rajahs (1841–1946)

Mongolia

• Mongol Empire (1206–1368)
  • Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368)
  • Golden Horde (1240s – 1502)
  • Ilkhanate (1256–1335)
  • Chagatai Khanate (1225–1687)
• Northern Yuan Dynasty (1368–1634)
• Qing Dynasty (1644–1912)

Myanmar

• Toungoo dynasty (1486–1752)
• Konbaung dynasty (1752–1885)

Philippines

Royal Families

• Malay Dynasties
  • The Datu Puti Lineage (Ruled the defunct Confederation of Madya-as) (1200s – 1565)

• Hindu Dynasties
  • The Lakandula Dynasty (Ruled the defunct Kingdom of Tondo) (1150–1589)
  • The House of Tupas (Ruled the defunct Rajahnate of Cebu) (up to 1565)
  • The House of Sri Bata Shaja(Ruled the defunct Rajahnate of Butuan) (989 – 1586)

• Muslim Dynasties
  • The Ud-Din Royal Hashemite Family (A dynasty which ruled the Maguinadanao Sultanate) (1480–1830)
  • The Kiram Royal Hashemite Family (Rules the Sulu Sultanate) (1823 – Present)

Sri Lanka

Anuradhapura

• House of Vijaya (543 BC-66 AD)
• House of Lambakanna I (66–436)
• House of Moriya (463–691)
• House of Lambakanna II (691-1017)
• Chola dynasty (993-1077)

Polonnaruwa

• House of Vijayabahu (1056–1187, 1197–1200, 1209–1210, 1211–1212)
• House of Kalinga (1187–1197, 1200–1209)

Jaffna

• Aryacakravarti dynasty (1215-1619)

Kandy

• House of Dinajara (1590–1739)
• Nayaks of Kandy (1739–1815)

British Ceylon

• House of Hanover (1815–1901)
• House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1901–1910)
• House of Windsor (1910–1972)

Saudi Arabia

• House of Saud (1932–present)

Tibet

• Yarlung Dynasty (up to 842)
• Sakya lama (13–14th century, but subordination to the Mongol Yuan Dynasty)
• Phagmodrupa Dynasty
• Dalai Lama (1492–1959, but subordination to Manchu Qing Dynasty between 1720 and 1912)

Thailand

• Haripunchai dynasty (663 – 1293)
• Phra Ruang dynasty (Sukhothai Kingdom) (1237–1438)
• Mangrai dynasty (1261–1578)
• Ou Thong dynasty (1350–1370), (1388–1409)
• Suphanabhumi dynasty (1370–1350), (1409–1569)
• Phra Ruang Dynasty (Ayutthaya Kingdom) (1569–1629)
• Prasart Thong dynasty (1629–1688)
• Baan Plu Luang dynasty (1688–1767)
• Tipchakratiwong dynasty (Seven princes dynasty) (Lanna Kingdom) (1732–1932)
• Thonburi dynasty (1767–1782)
• Chakri dynasty (1782 onwards)

Turkey

• Seljuq Dynasty (1077–1307)
• Ottoman Dynasty (1281–1923)

Vietnam

• Hồng Bàng Dynasty (2919 – 258 BC)
• Thục Dynasty (257 – 207 BC)
• Triệu Dynasty (207 – 111 BC)
• Han Dynasty (Chinese) (111 BC – 39 AD and 43 – 220)
• Trưng Sisters (40 – 43)
• Eastern Wu Dynasty (Chinese) (229 – 280)
• Jin Dynasty (Chinese) (280 – 420)
• Southern Qi Dynasty (Chinese) (479 – 502)
• Liang Dynasty (Chinese) (502 – 544)
• Anterior Lý Dynasty (544 – 602)
• Sui Dynasty (Chinese) (602 – 618)
• Tang Dynasty (Chinese) (618 – 905)
• Khúc Family (906 – 930)
• Ngô Dynasty (939 – 967)
• Đinh Dynasty (968 – 980)
• Prior Lê Dynasty (980 – 1009)
• Lý Dynasty (1009–1225)
• Trần Dynasty (1225–1400)
• Hồ Dynasty (1400–1407)
• Posterior Trần Dynasty (1407–1413)
• Ming Dynasty (Chinese) (1414–1427)
• Later Lê Dynasty (1428–1527 and 1533–1788)
• Mạc Dynasty (1527–1677)
• Trịnh Lords (1545–1787)
• Nguyễn Lords (1558–1777)
• Tây Sơn Dynasty (1778–1802)
• Nguyễn Dynasty (1802–1945)
• House of Bonaparte (European) (1870)

Champa

• 1st dynasty (192 - 336)
• 2nd dynasty (336 - 420)
• 3rd dynasty (420 - 529)
• 4th dynasty (529 - 758)
• 5th dynasty (758 - 854)
• 6th dynasty (854 - 989)
• 7th dynasty (989 - 1044)
• 8th dynasty (1044–1074)
• 9th dynasty (1074–1139)
• 10th dynasty (1139–1145)
• 11th dynasty (1145–1190)
• 12th dynasty (1190–1318)
• 13th dynasty (1318–1390)
• 14th dynasty (1390–1458)
• 15th dynasty (1458–1471)
• vacant (1471–1695)
• Dynasty of Po Saktiraidaputih (1695–1822)

Europe

Austria

• House of Babenberg (976-1246)
• House of Habsburg (1273-1918)

Albania

• Progon Dynasty (1190–1216)
• Angevin (1272–1368)
• Kastrioti (1444–1468)
• Wied (1914)
• Zogu (1928–1939)

Armenia

• Orontid Dynasty
• Artaxiad Dynasty or the Artashesi Dynasty (189 BC-12 AD)
• Arsacid Dynasty or the Arshakuni Dynasty (54-428)
• Bagratuni Dynasty or the Bagratid Dynasty of Armenia (885-1045)
• Rubenid Dynasty or the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (1080–1225)

Belgium

• House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1831–present)

Bosnia

• House of Boričević (1154–1163, 1536-)
• House of Kulinić (1163–1250)
• House of Kotromanić (1250–1463)
• House of Berislavić, deposed (1463–1536)

Bulgaria

• House of Dulo (632 - 753)
  • Krum's dynasty (777 - 976/997)
  • Cometopuli dynasty (976/997 - 1018)
• House of Asen (1187–1280)
• House of Terter (1280–1331)
• House of Sratsimir (1331–1422)
• Battenberg family (1878–1886)
• House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1886–1947)

Barbarians

Bavarii

• Agilolfing Dynasty

Franks

• Merovingian Dynasty (481-751)
• Carolingian Dynasty (751-843)
• Arnulfings or Pippinids, mayors of the palaces

Huns

This is a list of rulers of the Huns. Period Ruler

• Vund c. 360
• Balamber 360 - 378
• Baltazár (Alypbi) 378 - 390
• Uldin (Khan of the Western Huns) 390 - 410
• Donatus (Khan of the Eastern Black Sea Huns & beyond) 410 - 412
• Charaton (Aksungur) 412 - 422
• Octar[1] 422 - 432
• Rugila 432-434
• Bleda with Attila c. 434-c. 445
• Attila "the Hun" c. 434-453
• Ellac 453-c. 455
• Tuldila fl. c. 457
• Dengizich (Sabirs attack c.460-463) ?-469 with Hernach/BelkErmak
• Hernach/BelkErmak[2] 469-503
• House of Dulo Bulgaria (390-503) A Nominalia of the Bulgarian khans genealogy claims that the Dulo clan is descended from Attila the Hun.

Scirii

• Edeko
• Odoacer (435–493), was the 5th-century King of Italy

Lombards

See Early kings of the Lombards.

• Lething Dynasty (until early 6th century)
• Gausian Dynasty (546-572)
• Arodingian Dynasty (635-653)
• Bavarian Dynasty (615-635)(653-712)

Ostrogoths

• Amal Dynasty (before 474-536)

Suebi

• Suebic Dynasty (409-585)

Vandals

• Hasdingi (before 407-534)

Visigoths

• Balthi Dynasty (395-531)

Byzantine Empire

• Constantinian dynasty (303-336)
• Valentinian Dynasty (364-457)
  • House of Theodosius from 379
• Leonid dynasty (457-518)
• Justinian Dynasty (518-602)
• Heraclian Dynasty (602-695 and 705-711)
• Isaurian Dynasty (717-802)
• Phrygian Dynasty (820-867)
• Macedonian Dynasty (867-1056)
• Komnenid Dynasty (1057–1059 and 1081–1185)
• Doukid Dynasty (1059–1081)
• Angelid Dynasty (1185–1204)
• Laskarid Dynasty (1204–1261), in exile in Nicaea
• Palaiologid Dynasty (1261–1453)

Croatia

• Trpimirović Dynasty (845-1091)
• Árpád Dynasty (c.1102-1301)
• Přemyslid Dynasty (1301–1305)
• House of Wittelsbach (1305–1308)
• Capetian Dynasty, House of Anjou (1308–1395)
• House of Luxemburg (1387–1437)
• Habsburg Dynasty (1437–1457, 1526-1918)
• Jagiellonian Dynasty (1440–1526)
• Zápolya Dynasty (1526–1571)
• Habsburg Dynasty (1526-1918)

Denmark

• see List of Danish monarchs (-1412)
• House of Oldenburg (1448-1863)
  • House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1863 to the present)

France

• Carolingian Dynasty (843-987)
• Capetian Dynasty (987-1792, 1814–1848)
  • Direct Capetians (987-1328)
  • House of Valois (1328–1589)
    • Direct House of Valois (1328–1498)
    • House of Valois-Orléans (1498–1515)
    • House of Valois-Angoulême (1515–1589)
  • House of Bourbon (1589–1792 and 1814–1848)
    • House of Bourbon-Vendôme (1589–1792, 1814–1830)
    • House of Bourbon-Orléans (1830–1848)
• Bonaparte Dynasty (1804–1814 and 1852–1870)

Georgia

• Pharnabazid Dynasty (299-90 BC, 30BC-189 AD)
• Artaxiad Dynasty (90-30 BC)
• Arsacid Dynasty (189-284 AD)
• Chosroid Dynasty (284-580, 627-684)
  • Guaramid Dynasty (588-627, 684-748, 779-786)
• Nersianid Dynasty (748-780)
• Bagratid (Bagrationi) dynasty (813-1810)

Germany

• Carolingian Dynasty (843-911)
• Conradines (911-918)
• Ottonian Dynasty (919-1024)
• Salian Dynasty or Franconian Dynasty (1024–1125)
• Supplinburg Dynasty (1125–1137)
• House of Hohenstaufen (1137–1254)
• House of Habsburg (1273–1291, 1298–1308, and 1438-1740)
  • House of Lorraine (1745–1806)
• House of Nassau (1292–1298)
• House of Luxemburg (1308–1313, 1347–1400, and 1410–1437)
• House of Wittelsbach (1314–1347, 1400–1410, and 1742–1745)
• House of Hohenzollern (1871–1918)

Bavaria

• Liutpolding Dynasty 889-947
• Ottonian Dynasty 947-1017
• House of Luxembourg 1017-1026, 1039–1047
• Salian Dynasty 1026-1039, 1053–1061
• House of Welf 1070-1138, 1156–1180
• House of Babenberg 1138-1156
• House of Wittelsbach 1180-1918

Saxony

• Liudolfing Dynasty 843-961
• Billung Dynasty 961-1106
• Supplinburger Dynasty 1106-1127
• House of Welf 1127-1138, 1142–1180
• Ascanian Dynasty 1138-1142, 1180–1422
• Wettin Dynasty 1422-1918

Hungary

• Árpád Dynasty (c.895-1301)
• Samuel Aba of Hungary Aba - Árpád Dynasty (1038–1044)
• Přemyslid Dynasty (1301–1305)
• House of Wittelsbach (1305–1308)
• Capetian Dynasty, House of Anjou (1308–1395)
• House of Luxemburg (1387–1437)
• Habsburg Dynasty (1437–1457, 1526-1918)
• Jagiellonian Dynasty (1440–1526)
• Zápolya Dynasty (1526–1571)
• Habsburg Dynasty (1526-1918)

Monaco

• House of Grimaldi which is actually Italian in origin.

Montenegro

• Vojislavljević Dynasty (c. 7th century - 1186)
• Nemanjić Dynasty (1186–1355)
• Balšić Dynasty (1356–1435)
• Crnojević Dynasty (1435–1516)
• Petrović-Njegoš Dynasty (1696–1918)
• Karađorđević Dynasty (1918–1941)

Iberia

Aragon

• Jiménez Dynasty (1035–1162)
• House of Barcelona (1162–1410)
• House of Trastámara (1412–1516)
• House of Habsburg (1516–1700 and 1701–1707)

Asturias

• Peláyez Dynasty (718-739)
• Pérez Dynasty (739-925)

Barcelona

• House of Barcelona (878-1410)
• House of Trastámara (1412–1516)
• House of Habsburg (1516–1700 and 1701–1714)
• House of Bourbon (1714–1716)

Castile

• House of Lara (930-1032), counts
• Jiménez Dynasty (1035–1126), kings
• Anscarids (House of Ivrea) (1126–1369)
• House of Trastámara (1369–1516)
• House of Habsburg (1516–1700)

León

• Pérez Dynasty (910-1037)
• Jiménez Dynasty (1037–1126)
• Anscarids (House of Ivrea) (1126–1369)
• House of Trastámara (1369–1516)
• House of Habsburg (1516–1700)

Navarre

• House of Íñiguez (824-905)
• Jiménez Dynasty (905-1234)
• House of Champagne (1234–1305)
• House of Capet (1284–1349)
• House of Évreux (1328–1441)
• House of Trastámara (1425–1479)
• House of Foix (1479–1516)
• House of Albret (1483–1572)
• House of Bourbon (1572–1620)

Portugal

County of Portugal

• House of Vímara Peres (868-1071)
• Portuguese House of Burgundy (1093–1139)

Kingdom of Portugal

• Portuguese House of Burgundy or Afonsine Dynasty (1139–1383)
• House of Aviz or Joannine Dynasty (1385–1495)
  • House of Aviz-Beja (1495–1580)
• Portuguese House of Habsburg or Philippine Dynasty (1580–1640)
• House of Braganza or Brigantine Dynasty (1640–1910)
  • House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1853–1910) (Existence disputed)

Spain

Before the unification of Castile and Aragon

• House of Trastámara (1492–1516)
• House of Habsburg (1516–1700)
• House of Bourbon (1700–1714) (Disputed during the War of the Spanish Succession)

After the unification of Castile and Aragon

• House of Bourbon (1714–1868, 1874–1931, and 1975 to the present)
• House of Bonaparte (1808–1813)
• House of Savoy (1871–1873)

Ireland

• Fir Ol nEchmacht
• Dal Fiachrach Suighe
• The Connachta
• Uí Fiachrach
• Uí Néill
• Eóganachta
• Uí Dúnlainge
• Uí Cheinnselaig
• Dál Riata
• Dál nAraidi
• Dál Fiatach
• Clann Cholmáin
• Síl nÁedo Sláine
• Cenél nEógain
• Cenél Conaill
• Uí Briúin Bréifne
• Dál gCais
• MacDermot
• Ó Neill
• O'Donnell (O Domhnaill)
• O Connor Sligo
• O'Conor Don
• O'Brien

Italy

• House of Savoy (1861–1946)

Netherlands

• House of Orange (1772- to the present)

Norway

• Fairhair Dynasty (890-1319)
• House of Lade
• House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg (1905 to the present)

Poland

• Piast Dynasty (9th century-1296 and 1306–1370)
• Přemyslid Dynasty (1291–1306)
• Capetian Dynasty, House of Anjou (1370–1399)
• Jagiellonian Dynasty (1386–1572 and 1575–1586)
• Valois Dynasty (1573–1574)
• House of Báthory (1576–1586)
• House of Vasa (1587–1668)
• House of Wiśniowiecki (1669–1673)
• House of Sobieski (1674–1696)
• Wettin Dynasty (1697–1706, 1709–1733 and 1736–1764)
• House of Leszczyński (1704–1709 and 1733–1736)
• House of Poniatowski (1764–1795)

Roman Empire

• Julio-Claudian Dynasty (27 BC-AD 68)
• Flavian Dynasty (69-96)
• Nervan-Antonian Dynasty (96-192)
• Severan Dynasty (193-235)
• Constantinian dynasty (303-363)
• Valentinian Dynasty (364-457)
  • House of Theodosius from 379

Romania

• House of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen (1866–1947)

Russia

• House of Rurikovich (862-1598, 1606–1610)
• House of Romanov (1613–1762)
• House of Holstein-Gottorp-Romanov, called Romanov (1762–1917)

Serbia

• House of Vlastimirović (610-960)
• House of Vojislavljević (1034–1186)
• House of Vukanović (1083—1166)
• House of Nemanjić (1166–1371)
• House of Vojinović (1322–1398)
• House of Balšić (1356–1435)
• House of Mrnjavčević (1365–1395)
• House of Lazarević (1371–1427)
• House of Branković (1427–1502)
• House of Crnojević (1435–1516)
• House of Karađorđević (1811–1813, 1842–1858 and 1903–1941)
• House of Obrenović (1815–1842 and 1858–1903)

Sweden

• House of Uppsala (970-1060)
• House of Stenkil (1060–1130)
• House of Sverker (1130–1222), interspersed with House of Eric
• House of Eric (1156–1250), interspersed with House of Sverker
• House of Bjälbo or Folkung Dynasty (1248–1387)
• House of Vasa (1521–1654)
• House of Wittelsbach or House of Palatinate–Zweibrücken-Kleeburg (1654–1720)
• House of Hesse (1720–1751)
• House of Holstein-Gottorp (1751–1818)
• House of Bernadotte (1818 to the present)

Two Sicilies

Sicily

• House of Hauteville (1071–1198), counts until 1130
• House of Hohenstaufen (1194–1266)
• House of Capet, House of Anjou (1266–1282)
• House of Barcelona (1282–1410)
• House of Trastámara (1412–1516)
• House of Habsburg (1516–1700 and 1720–1735)
• House of Bourbon (1700–1713)
• House of Savoy (1713–1720)
• House of Bourbon (1735–1861)
• (As a region of the Kingdom of Italy.) House of Savoy (1861–1946)

British Isles (under English rule)

England

• House of Wessex (802-1016 and 1042–1066)
• House of Denmark (1013–1014 and 1016–1042)
• Norman Dynasty (1066–1154)
• Plantagenet Dynasty (1154-1485)
  • House of Anjou (1154–1399)
  • House of Lancaster (1399–1461 and 1470–1471) (Throne merged with Irish)
  • House of York (1461–1470 and 1471–1485)
• House of Tudor (1485–1603)
• House of Stuart (1603–1714) (Throne merged with Scotland)

Wales

• House of Manaw ('Men of the North', Rhodri the Great)
  • House of Aberffraw of Gwynedd and Wales, c.878-1282, Conquered by Edward I of England 1282, Annexed into England with Laws in Wales Acts 1535–1542
  • House of Dinefwr of Deheubarth, c.878-1216, mediatized into Gwynedd and Wales under Llywelyn I
    • House of Mathrafal of Powys
• House of Morgannwg

Ireland

• Crowley
• Burke
• Clanricarde
• Plantagenet Dynasty (1154-1485)
  • House of Anjou (1154–1399)
  • House of Lancaster (1399–1461 and 1470–1471) (Throne merged with English)

Scotland

• House of Alpin (843-1034)
• House of Dunkeld (1034–1040, 1058–1286)
• House of Moray (1040–1058)
• House of Baliol (1292–1296) (see Belgium, Flanders)
• Plantagenet Dynasty
• House of Bruce (1306–1371)
• House of Stewart (1371-1707) (Throne Merged with English)

Kingdoms after the Union of the Crowns (1603-1707)

The crown of the Kingdom of England and Ireland merged with that of the Kingdom of Scotland to form a personal union between England-Ireland and Scotland (the former a personal union itself)

• House of Stuart (1603–1707)

Personal Union between Great Britain and Ireland (1707-1801)

• House of Stuart (1707–1801)
• House of Hanover (1714–1801)

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801-1921)

• House of Hanover (1801–1901)
• House of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha (1901–1910)

Personal Union of the UK [of GB and NI] and several other Irish states (1921-1949)

• House of Windsor (1921–1949)

UK [of GB and NI] (Without the personal union with Ireland) (1949-present)

• House of Windsor (1949–present)

North America

Haiti

• Dessalines Dynasty (1804–1806)
• Christophe Dynasty (1811–1820)
• Soulouque Dynasty (1849–1859)

Mexico

• House of Iturbide (1822–1823)
• House of Habsburg (1864–1867)

Oceania

Hawaii

• Kingdom of Hawaii (1795–1810)
  • Kamehameha Dynasty (c.1795-1872)
  • Kalākaua Dynasty (c.1874-1893)
  • Kawananakoa Dynasty (c.1868-?)
  • Kalokuokamaile Dynasty (c.1860-?)

New Zealand Māori

• Te Wherowhero Dynasty (1856 to the present)

Tahiti

• Pōmare Dynasty (1788–1880)

Tonga

• Tu'i Tonga Dynasty (c. 900-1865)
• Tupou Dynasty (1875 to the present)

South America

Kingdom of Araucania and Patagonia

• Tounes dynasty (1860–1862)

Brazil

• House of Braganza (1822–1889)

Inca Empire

• Hurin dynasty (1197 - c.1350)
• Haran dynasty (c.1350 - 1572)

Political families in Republics

Main article: Political families of the world

Though in elected governments rule does not pass automatically by inheritance, political power often accrues to generations of related individuals even in Republics. Eminence, Influence, familiarity, tradition, genetics, and even nepotism may contribute to this phenomenon.

Family dictatorships are a slightly different concept, where political power passes within a family due to the overwhelming authority of the leader, rather than informal power accrued to the family.

Some political dynasties:

• The Beazley and Crean families (Australian Labor Party)
• Ziaur Rahman's and Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's families (Bangladesh)
• Aung San Suu Kyi's family (Burma)
• The Nehru-Gandhi family (India)
• The Soekarnos (Indonesia)
• The Kims (North Korea)
• The Bhutto family (Pakistan)
• The Zia family (Pakistan)
• The Macapagal Family (Philippines)
• The Aquino Family(Philippines)
• The Estrada Family (Philippines)
• The Marcos Family (Philippines)
• The Medici family (Republic of Florence)
• Lee Kuan Yew's family (Singapore)
• Solomon Bandaranaike's family (Sri Lanka)
• The Assads (Syria)
• The Churchills/Dukes of Marlborough (UK)
• The (Earl) Russells (UK)
• The Chamberlains (UK)
• The Greys (UK)
• The Pitts (UK)
• The Adamses (United States)
• The Kennedys (United States)
• The Bushes (United States)
• The Long family (United States)
• The Roosevelts (United States)
• The Tafts (United States)
• The Cuomo family (United States)
• The Udalls (United States)

See also

• List of Muslim empires and dynasties
• Family seat