Toyota Carina
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
- This article incorporates information from the equivalent article on the Japanese Wikipedia.
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| Manufacturer | Toyota |
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| Production | 1970-2000 |
| Successor | Toyota Allion |
| Class | Compact |
| Related | Toyota Corona |
The Toyota Carina was a Japanese large family car, initially launched in 1970 and exported to Europe and the United States. It finished production in 2000 as a mid-sized four-door sedan sold in the Japanese market. It was typically marketed as a four-door version of the Celica. Over time, it became a sister car to the Corona but was sportier, with distinctive bodywork and interior—aimed at the youth market and generally filling a niche between the Corolla and Corona. At that point it was replaced by the Allion.
The Carina name has been used in markets other than the USA at various times to represent other cars, usually the Corona. However, the Japanese-market Carina was a different car entirely.
The inspiration for the name Carina came from the Carina star cluster.
[edit] First generation (1970-1977) A10 series
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| Production | 1970–1977 |
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| Transmission(s) | 4-speed manual transmission |
| Wheelbase | 2,425 mm (95.5 in) |
| Length | 4,155 mm (163.6 in) |
| Width | 1,570 mm (62 in) |
| Height | 1,395 mm (54.9 in) |
| Curb weight | 960 kg (2,100 lb) |
| Fuel capacity | 50 L (13.2 US gal; 11.0 imp gal)[1] |
The first-generation Carina was manufactured in 1970 (and launched in Europe in October 1971).[2] Show room appeal was enhanced by the inclusion in the price of reclining seats with built-in head restraints, radio, clock, reversing lights and servo-assistance on the brakes: these were features which, where available on competitor models, tended to be offered only as options at extra cost.[1]
The A10 Carina was also exported to the US, but sales volumes were disappointing. US exports stopped after only two years.
The original model featured a 1588 cc OHV engine, with 4-speed gearbox and front-wheel disc brakes.[2]. It was revised in 1972 with a restyled body, new rear light cluster and filler cap repositioned in rear quarter panel, restyled front grille and fascia. The specification was once again revised in 1974 including sealed cooling system, improved brakes, restyled wheels with flared wheel arches, and restyled interior fittings. For 1976, it received a new front and rear-end styling, dual-line braking system with servo and a repositioned handbrake and gear lever. Wheelbase was increased slightly.
[edit] Second generation (1977-1981) A40 Series
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| Production | 1977–1981 |
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| Transmission(s) | 4-MT / 5-MT 3-AT / 4-AT |
| Wheelbase | 2,500 mm (98 in) |
| Length | 4,230 mm (167 in) |
| Width | 1,630 mm (64 in) |
| Height | 1,390 mm (55 in) |
| Curb weight | 995 kg (2,190 lb) |
The next-generation Carina was available in Germany in December 1977[3] and in other European countries during 1978.[2] In most markets it was fitted with the same 1588 cc 2T engine as its predecessor. In the Carina, an output of 75 PS (55 kW; 74 hp) was claimed. The option of automatic transmission was added.
An estate car model was introduced, with heavy-duty leaf-spring rear suspension. In 1980, all models had revised front- and rear-end styling and lighting equipment, also improved interior specification. The following year, saloon and coupé models (but not the estate) were fitted with 5-speed gearbox as standard, with optional automatic transmission.
Released in Japan August 1977.
November 1977, 3T-U Series 1800 cc engine emissions are updated.
May 1978, GT 1600 cc cars and vans added a 3-speed Automatic Transmission. The 1800 cc car engine was upgraded to the 13T-U. The 1600GT-2T-GEU engine is in compliance with the 53 year regulation period of Showa-era emissions regulation. Output was improved from 110 PS (81 kW; 108 hp) to 115 PS (85 kW; 113 hp). The options list was updated to include a urethane bumber for impact improvement.
September 1978, 3T-EU engine (1800cc OHV EFI) installed with ST-EFI, SR-EFI has been added. Initially only included with a 5-speed Manual Transmission. Relevant vehicle emissions in 1978. At the same time, 2000GT of 18R-GU EFI engine and the (18R-GEU-), fit 1978 exhaust emission regulations. In addition, 18R-U engine-change-21R-U, 1978 conformity emission. Showa Series riding all the emissions corresponding to the completion of 53 years. The emblem "TOYOTA" from "TOYOTA CARINA" has changed.
August 1979, the front of the vehicle received a major change that now included four headlamp lights from the previous setup, with the Van remaining with four round lamps, while the rear has changed the license plate, to give it a new style. 3T-EU-21R-U engine has been added to the 4-speed Automatic Transmission. 3T-EU-and 2T-GEU-, 18R-GEU engine is now the only engine offered, and the rear suspension was semi-trailing (the A50-type). The Super Deluxe 2-door sedan was discontinued. The Van 1400 Series is also discontinued. 12T-J Van 1600 Series modified the engine and the addition of an Automatic Transmission.
August 1980, the EFI specification 1800 Hard Top (ST-EFI SR-EFI) is the only engine offered.
[edit] Third generation (1981-1984) A60 Series
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| Production | 1981–1984 |
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| Transmission(s) | 4-MT / 5-MT 3-AT / 4-AT |
| Wheelbase | 2,500 mm (98 in) |
| Length | 4,390 mm (173 in) - 4,470 mm (176 in) |
| Width | 1,650 mm (65 in) |
| Height | 1,365 mm (53.7 in) - 1,400 mm (55 in) |
| Curb weight | 995 kg (2,190 lb) - 1,135 kg (2,500 lb) |
In its third incarnation the Carina followed the fashion of the time with a still more angular and four-square design. The car followed its predecessors in retaining a front-engine rear wheel drive configuration even though by now competitor manufacturers were following a trend of switching to front-wheel drive in this class. In addition to the petrol engined versions the Carina was now offered with the option of an 1839 cc diesel engine, for which a power output of 64 bhp (48 kW; 65 PS) was claimed, in those markets where fuel pricing and availability rendered this appropriate.
The first car was released in September 1981. This was the last model to use rear wheel drive. The engine was the 4A-GE. The Corona shared the chassis with this vehicle, and the Corona was updated the following year. The 1800SE had power windows, and the trim level 1800SE "EXTRA・EDITION" was added. Years 1981 and 1982, the car was used by private teams racing in the Dakar Rally for Japan in the 2-wheel drive class. The car had achieved four championships in the marathon class divisions, and it was also a commemoration of the car.
February 1982, the five-door wagon, "Surf" series was added. The 1C-1800cc OHC diesel engines were added.
May 1982, 1500SE trim level was added.
October 1982, the Turbo DOHC engine (3T-GTEU-1800cc 160 PS (118 kW; 158 hp) Touring Super Coupe trim level) with the "GT-TR" trim level added (Celica and Corona were released at the same time). 18R-GEU engine type was no longer offered in the 2000GT.
In May 1983, minor changes were done except the vans. Power mirrors, the front grille, and the taillights were redesigned. 1600GT sports model replaced the 2T-GEU engine and is now equipped with a 4A-GEU engine (1600cc DOHC16 valve). 3T-EU engine was no longer offered.
August 1983, a series of minor changes to the van. 12T-J-5K-J-type engine had been modified to 1500ccOHV. May 1984, four-door sedan Carina FF (T150 system) was introduced - Added a new, organized on the model. Coupe, Surf trim level, and vans were sold continuously. Minor changes were also set that colored the bumpers on senior grade models. August 1985, the trim levels were changed to include the Sports (1600GT, 1600GT-R, 1800GT-T, 1800GT-TR) and will move all models to front wheel drive. The coupe sales were terminated. The sedan is now offered in trim levels 1500STD, DX, SG, and the 1800SG. Surf, and van sales were continuing. Front engine rear drive sedan in May 1988, and the Surf model, but the sale of the van stopped.
[edit] Fourth generation (1984-1988) T150 series
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| Production | 1984–1988 |
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| Engine(s) | 2.0/1.8/1.6/1.5L |
| Transmission(s) | 4-speed AT / 3 speed AT / 5-speed MT / 4-speed MT |
| Wheelbase | 2,515 mm (99.0 in) |
| Length | 4,350 mm (171 in) |
| Width | 1,670 mm (66 in) |
| Height | 1,365 mm (53.7 in) |
| Curb weight | 950 kg (2,100 lb) |
Starting from the fourth Generation, the Carina shared the Corona platform for four-door sedans. The Carina RWD platform of 2-door coupés, Carina Surf, and Carina Van continued to use the A series platform until 1988.
May 1984, Carina Front engine Front wheel drive 4-door sedan (T150 series) was introduced .Previous generation style is the same, using four headlights and grille setup. The upper trim level model has aerodynamic headlight option. Rather than replace the entire line-up all at once because sales of the previous generation were still good, Toyota gradually introduced the replacement Coupe, Van (wagon) models in stages. The 1800 cc engine is electronically controlled distributorless ignition, and a 2000 cc diesel is added. Other 1600ccEFI "4A-ELU-" engine, and a carburetor is used on the 1500 cc with "3A-LU-type" engine. The 1800SE models were still offered.
August 1985, the Sport model 1600GT, 1600GT-R, 2000GT-R were added to the lineup (T160 system). 1600 cc uses the "4A-GELU" engine, the 2000 cc uses the "3S-GELU" engine. Sport model wheel were upgraded from four lug nut to a five-hole lug nut.
May 1986, had minor changes to the entire range. The design of the grille and taillights was changed. Due to the success of the 1800SE trim level, the 1500SG Extra was added.
[edit] Carina II
For the European market, the Carina II was the eighth generation Toyota Corona.
[edit] Carina ED
The Carina ED is a 4-door hardtop
[edit] Fifth generation (1988-1992) T170 series
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| Production | 1988–1992 |
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| Transmission(s) | 5-MT/ 4-AT |
| Wheelbase | 2,525 mm (99.4 in) |
| Length | 4,380 mm (172 in) |
| Width | 1,690 mm (67 in) |
| Height | 1,370 mm (54 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,060 kg (2,300 lb) |
This generation was released in 1988. The exterior sheet metal was to get slightly rounded corners, as was in line with the fashionable design of products at that time. The Surf (wagon), front-wheel drive and was also given a full model change to the van. 4S-Fi is an 1800 cc engine type, 1600 cc of the FF-4A-GE and the specification for higher-power higher-cam-4A-FHE car, 1500 cc of the 5A-F type, 2000 cc diesel-2C. The 3E-1500cc Van, 2000 cc diesel-2C engines were used.
December 1988, full-time 4WD system center differential has been added to the sedan (AT175-type). The engine, 1600cc 4A-FE, is the only one used for the AWD model.
August, 1989, "G Limited" 4A-GE engine is a premium design and high-compression engine; with 140 PS (103 kW; 138 hp).
In May 1990 only minor changes. The Toyota emblem in the back is changed to a bright tail lamp lenses bulging from three places and was changed from the previous split design. (The front of the van was not changed). The Previous generation was a gasoline car engine and is still using the 1800 cc the 4S-FE-, 1500 cc with a 5A-FE-type. For the Front engine Front wheel drive-type vehicle 1600cc4A-FHE the horsepower is increased from 105 PS (77 kW; 104 hp) to 110 PS (81 kW; 108 hp). 4WD vehicles are still equipped with the 4A-FE type. Surf wagon 2000cc2C has been changed to a diesel (CT170G type). It could be fitted with a driver-side airbag as an option.
Wagon vans were sold until March 10, 1992, as the van was replaced with the Corona Caldina Van.
The Carina ED was in its second generation.
[edit] Sixth generation (1992-1996) T190 series
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| Production | 1992–1996 |
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| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | Front engine, FWD / 4WD |
| Transmission(s) | 5-MT/ 6-MT/4-AT |
| Wheelbase | 2,580 mm (102 in) |
| Length | 4,450 mm (175 in) |
| Width | 1,695 mm (66.7 in) |
| Height | 1,400 mm (55 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,150 kg (2,500 lb) |
In 1993 the Celica, Carina ED and EXiV were redesigned similar to the larger Toyota Mark II series JZX90, after which the product names were discontinued in 1998.
[edit] Carina E
The Carina E (Japanese: Toyota Carina E) was the European version of the ninth generation Corona. (T150/T170/T190 series)
[edit] Carina ED
The Carina ED 4-door hardtop ended production in 1998
[edit] Seventh generation (1996-2001) T210 series
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| Production | 1996–2001 |
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| Body style(s) | 4-door sedan |
| Layout | Front engine, FWD / 4WD |
| Transmission(s) | 5-MT/ 4-AT |
| Wheelbase | 2,580 mm (102 in) |
| Length | 4,450 mm (175 in) |
| Width | 1,695 mm (66.7 in) |
| Height | 1,395 mm (54.9 in) |
| Curb weight | 1,110 kg (2,400 lb) |
In 1996, a GT version was reintroduced with a 5-valve-A-cylindered "KURATZ head" (means "black head") 4A-GE engine and 5-speed C56 manual transmission. In 1998, the GT was equipped with a 6-speed C160 manual transmission.
1996 facelift. Carina is in line with previous sedan only, the derived model does not exist and the only domestic car in full. Basic platform, the Model T190 ago inherited the system.
Front door panels, instrument panel of the T210 Corona Premio is shared. With the new Corona Premio, Toyota's first collision safety body "GOA" was adopted. 7A-FE engine is a 1800 cc type RINBAN, 1500 cc of the 5A-FE-, 2000 cc turbo-diesel is 2C-TE series. 1600 cc version of the 4A-FE-RINBAN was no longer offered.
The sports version is called the "GT", was set by the AT210-model. The engine was shared with the AE111 Corolla Levin, 4A-GE Toyota Sprinter Trueno same type (165 PS, known as "black head"), a mission-to late AE101-AE111 Corolla Levin period, in common with the Sprinter Trueno 5-speed Manual Transmission (C56-transmission series).
1997 Limited model equipped with air conditioning, auto, "GT PIERNA" was released. GT because of the color black is limited at this time, it is rare.
August 1998, minor changes. Design has changed the front and rear lights. Bumper has been painted. 2000 cc to 2200 cc diesel engine has been expanded. GT front grill but did not distinguish between grades and other traditional, "CARINA" instead of the letters "GT" emblem was to be with. In addition, GT's AE111 Manual Transmission Corolla Levin late-model, is equipped with a common mission and the Sprinter Torneo, 6-speed Manual Transmission (C160-series). The diameter of the brake disc increases because the wheel diameter is increased to 15 inches (380 mm). Reinforcement is added to bind to the left and right reinforcement rear sash support and the rear back head, which aims to improve a little stiffness. Was equipped with a rear seat center seat headrest.
In December 2001, with the release of Toyota Allion the end with the sale Corona Premio, the production ended after 31-years.
 1996 Toyota Carina 1600GT |
 KURATZ head |
[edit] European naming
In 1984 in Europe, the Carina was replaced by the Corona but rebadged as the "Carina II". This continued with the new model introduced in 1988 and, subsequently, the "Carina E" introduced in 1992 was also a Corona, as was a so-called "Avensis" which replaced it in 1997. In 2003, this was in turn replaced by the car badged also in Japan as the Avensis.
[edit] References
- ^ a b Daily Express Motor Show Review 1975 Cars: Page 46 (Topyota Carina). October 1974.
- ^ a b c Car Repair Manual–Carina/Celica. Maidenhead, Berkshire, UK.: Autodata. pp. 6–7, History and Identification. (1981).
- ^ ""Neue Mittelklasse von Toyota"". Auto Motor u. Sport Heft 25 1977: Seite 22. date 7 December 1977.
This entry includes information taken from the equivalent article in Dutch Wikipedia, consulted in May 2009.
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