Toyota Crown

This article incorporates information from the equivalent article on the Japanese Wikipedia.

Toyota Crown

Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	1955–present
Assembly	Toyota City, Nagoya Australia Jakarta, Indonesia
Successor	Toyota Cressida (for North America) Lexus GS (export)
Class	Mid-size luxury car / Executive car (UK)
Body style	Sedan (1955–current) 4-door hardtop (1974–1999) 2-door hardtop coupe (1967–1983) Wagon (1962–2007) Coupé utility (Pickup, 1967–1971)
Platform	S-series
Related	Toyota Aristo Toyota Crown Majesta Lexus GS

The Toyota Crown is a line of premium medium to full-size luxury sedans by Toyota primarily aimed at the Japanese market and sold in other select Asian markets.

Introduced in 1955, it has served as the mainstream sedan from Toyota in the Japanese market throughout its existence and holds the distinction of being the longest running passenger-car nameplate affixed to any Toyota model, along with being the first Toyota vehicle to be exported to the United States in 1958. Its traditional competitors in Japan and Asia have been the Nissan Cedric/Gloria/Fuga and the Honda Legend, along with the defunct Mazda 929 and Mitsubishi Debonair.

Available at Toyota Store dealers in Japan, the Crown has been popular for government usage, whether as a police car or for transporting government officials. It has also been popular with Japanese companies as company cars along with use as a taxicab. While a base Crown was available for many years aimed at the taxicab market, the increasing opulence and price of the Crown line led to the creation of the Toyota Comfort in 1995 as a more affordable alternative.

In North America, the Toyota Cressida replaced the Crown in the Toyota lineup as it became larger and more expensive. The Crown has also been vicariously succeeded in export markets by its closely related sibling, the Lexus GS, which since its debut in 1991 as the Toyota Aristo, has always shared the Crown's platform and powertrain options, with later models of the GS and Crown taking on a very strong aesthetic kinship through shared design cues.

The Crown's history and reputation has given it prominence in the Toyota lineup, as it is one of the few current Toyota models to carry its own unique insignia for the model line with the current Crown having a stylized crown emblem on the grille and steering wheel along with inspiring the names of its smaller progenitors. The Corona, introduced as a smaller companion to the Crown means "crown" in Latin and was initially exported as the "Tiara", while the Corolla took its name from the regal chaplet. The Camry's name is derived from the Japanese phrase kanmuri (冠, かんむり) meaning "little crown" and the Toyota Scepter took its name from the sceptre, an accessory to a crown.

Export

It was sold in the United States during the late 1950s and up until 1971. Exports to Europe began in 1964 with the first cars going to Finland. Other European countries which saw imports of the Crown included the Netherlands and Belgium. The United Kingdom was another market until the early 1980s. It was also exported to Canada for a few years—1965–68. Australia was another important export market for the Crown—to the extent that it was manufactured there from the mid-1960s until the late 1980s using many local components. Trinidad and Tobago was also another country where the Toyota market had a successful run, which saw some productions between 1960 and 1980.

First (RS Model-S30 Model: 1955 to 1962)

First generation (RS series)

Production	1955–1962
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door station wagon 2-door station wagon
Engine	1,453 cc R OHV I4 (RS, RS20) 1,897 cc 3R OHV I4 (RS30) 1,491 cc C diesel OHV I4
Wheelbase	2,530 mm (100 in)
Length	4,285 mm (168.7 in)
Width	1,679 mm (66.1 in)
Height	1,524 mm (60.0 in)
Curb weight	1,152 kg (2,540 lb)
Related	Toyopet Master

The Crown were introduced in 1955 in Japan to meet the demands of public transportation. The Crown was intended for private purchase, while the Master served in a commercial form as a taxi, both with the same 1.5 L Type R engine used on their previous car, the Toyopet Super. The front doors open conventionally, and the rear doors are suicide doors, a feature also utilized on the Toyota AA, Toyota's first car.

The Crown was much more popular than the Master due to the more compliant suspension of the Crown, and while the Master was intended for taxi service, the Crown was more accepted by the market over the Master, and more Crowns were sold into taxi service than the Master. The Crown was designed to replace the Super but Toyota was not sure if its independent front coil suspension and its suicide type rear doors were too radical for the taxi market to bear. So the Super was updated, renamed the Master and sold in tandem to the Crown, at Toyota Store locations. When sales of the Crown proved worthwhile, the Master was discontinued in November 1956 after being in production for only one year, and production facilities for the Master were transferred to the Crown. While the Master was discontinued the commercial vehicle based thereon, the Masterline, continued to be offered (utilities, wagons and vans) until 1959. A six-door wagon known as the Airport Limousine was shown as a concept car at the 1961 Tokyo Motor Show. It did not go into production.

In December 1955 the Crown Deluxe (RSD) was introduced, a posher model equipped with a radio and heater as standard. The initial RS model received a cosmetic update in 1958 to become the RS20, now with hooded headlights and a single-piece front windshield. In October 1959 Japan's first diesel-engined passenger car, the Crown Diesel, was introduced. Its C-series engine only had 40 PS (29 kW). In October 1960 the 1.5 L R engine was complemented by the larger 1.9 L (1,896 cc) 3R engine for a model called the RS30, originally only available in the Deluxe version. The 1900 was also available with the new two-speed Toyoglide automatic transmission. In April 1961 a Crown Standard 1900 was added.

Its coil and double wishbone independent front suspension was a departure from the leaf sprung live axle front suspension used on most previous models but was similar to the independent front suspension used on the 1947 Toyopet SA. The live axle rear suspension was similar to that used on most of the previous models (unlike the trailing arm rear suspension used on the SA). Taxi versions were produced and beginning in March 1959 commercial versions of the vehicle were also available, as an estate wagon and a three- or six-seater coupe utility. These took over the "Toyopet Masterline" name in the Japanese domestic market, but usually received "Crown" badges in the export. The "Crown" name was previously in use by the Imperial limousine manufactured by Chrysler in the early 1950s.

Exports of the first Japanese car to the United States began in 1957 and ended in 1960. The car was generally panned by certain members of the U.S audience. As a publicity stunt to demonstrate the car's reliability, Toyota staged a campaign common to American automakers: a coast-to-coast endurance run from Los Angeles to New York. The Toyopet was barely able to limp into Las Vegas before the project had to be called off.

Since the car was designed for the muddy, slow, unpaved Japanese roads, it failed the mass urban landscape of the US because of its inability to keep up with traffic on the faster interstate highways. The Crown was simply a very high quality sedan on a truck-like chassis. The overbuilt heavy body was no match for the original 1.5 litre four-cylinder. To try to remedy this, a newer, more powerful engine was expected to be the solution, but the improvements did little to help. A total of 287 Crowns were imported to the US with only five known to have survived.

In 1960 the first generation Crown stopped being imported to the US market. Many unhappy dealers were left with unsold Crowns. The Tiara and Land Cruiser would be the only cars imported until the second generation Crown was available five years later.

In November 2000, Toyota released the Origin, a retro version of the RS series Crown to celebrate 100 million vehicles having been built in Japan.

1958 facelift model Toyopet Crown  Toyopet Masterline (rear)

Second (S40 Model: 1962 to 1967)

Second Generation

Production	1962–1967
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door station wagon 2-door coupe utility
Engine	1.9 L I4 OHV 3R 2.0 L I6 SOHC M 2.3 L I6 SOHC 2M
Transmission	3-speed manual column 2-speed automatic transmission
Wheelbase	2,690 mm (106 in)
Length	4,610 mm (181 in) 4,688 mm (184.6 in) wagon
Width	1,695 mm (66.7 in) 1,670 mm (66 in) wagon
Height	1,460 mm (57 in)
Curb weight	1,265 kg (2,790 lb) 1,354 kg (2,990 lb) wagon

Due to the introduction of the Corona, the dramatically restyled and enlarged Series S40 was launched in 1962, and saw the introduction of the Custom model. According to the Japanese Wikipedia article for the Crown, the styling was said to be influenced by the recently introduced Ford Falcon in 1960. The front grille approach has a similar appearance to the 1960 Imperial Crown (Chrysler), which speaks to Toyota's aspirations that the Crown be a large, comfortable sedan. The station wagon body style carried over from the previous generation Masterline, but with more attention to the luxurious approach used on the Crown. Headlights were integrated within the boundaries of the greatly enlarged grille, providing a clean, modern appearance. A 2-speed automatic transmission was introduced, called Toyoglide, with a column shift. A bigger and better car than the previous S30 series, it initially had four-cylinder R-series engines before the addition of the "M" six-cylinder engine in 1965. Deluxe and Super Deluxe models were available with added features. The sedan and wagon were known simply as the Crown while the commercial vehicles (coupe utility, double cab coupe utility (pick ups), and van) were known as the Masterline. There was also a limited run of the sedan known as the Toyota Crown S (MS41S) which featured a twin carburettor intake manifold on the 2.0L M in-line-six engine and disc brakes on the front.

This Crown became the first Toyota to be exported to Europe, after the head of Denmark's Erla Auto Import A/S saw it at the Tokyo Motor Show. They brought in 190 of these subsequent to a May 1963 agreement. In the US, the MS41L sedan was available in the US for $2,305.00 PoE while the MS46LG station wagon was available for $2,525.00 PoE. Some optional features include an automatic transmission for $160 and a radio for $60.

A two-door Crown Convertible was displayed at the 1963 Tokyo Motor Show, based on the Crown 1900 sedan. It was not put into production.

This Crown generation was the first to be assembled in Australia, from CKD kits, by AMI in Port Melbourne, with significant local content. AMI, which assembled numerous brands including Triumph and, for a short time, Mercedes-Benz, was to become the basis of Toyota's current Australian manufacturing operation.

S40 Toyopet Crown Sedan  S40 Toyopet Crown Estate  Toyopet Masterline coupe utility (pick up)

Crown Eight

Crown Eight

Production	Apr 1964–July 1967
Successor	Toyota Century
Body style	4-door sedan
Engine	2.6L (2599cc) V OHV V8
Transmission	3-speed automatic column
Wheelbase	2,750 mm (108 in)
Length	4,720 mm (186 in)
Width	1,845 mm (72.6 in)
Height	1,460 mm (57 in)
Curb weight	1,375 kg (3,030 lb)

The longer, wider and more upmarket Crown Eight (ja:トヨタ・クラウンエイト) was introduced in 1964 for the Japanese market, powered by a 2.6 L V8 engine. However, it had a different model designation, VG10. The car was first introduced at the 1963 Tokyo Motor Show and introduced for sale on April 20, 1964, nine days before Emperor Showa's birthday and the beginning of Golden Week in Japan.

The Crown Eight was designed primarily to replace full-sized American automobiles that were commonly used by major corporations. The Crown Eight represents the first Japanese mass-produced vehicle with an 8-cylinder engine. The main rivals at the time were the Prince Gloria Super, Mitsubishi Debonair, and Nissan Cedric Special, all equipped with a six-cylinder engine. It was the first Crown to exceed vehicle size classification regulations in length, width and engine displacement capacity. The width at 1,845 mm (72.6 in) compares to the Century at 1,890 mm (74 in), and as such no Crown before or since, including the Crown Majesta, has matched the width dimension of the Crown Eight.

The Crown Eight was considered as a possible submission for use by the Japanese Imperial Household Agency as a car to be used by the Royal Family, but it lost out to the Nissan Prince Royal. The Crown Eight was replaced in 1967 by the first Century with the model code VG20. Approx 3,800 Crown Eights were produced. Some of the items that were exclusive to the Crown Eight were electrically powered windows, cruise control, a three-speed "Toyoglide" automatic transmission, and electromagnetic door latches, which were also installed on the Crown Eight successor, the Century.

Third (S50 Model: 1967 to 1971)

Third Generation

Production	1967–1971
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door station wagon 2-door coupé 2/4-door coupé utility
Engine	1,994 cc 5R OHV I4 1,988 cc M SOHC I6 2,253 cc 2M SOHC I6
Transmission	3-speed manual (optional O/D) 4-speed manual 2-speed automatic 3-speed automatic
Wheelbase	2,690 mm (106 in)
Length	4,665 mm (183.7 in) sedan 4,585 mm (180.5 in) hardtop 4,690 mm (185 in) wagon
Width	1,690 mm (67 in)
Height	1,445 mm (56.9 in) sedan 1,465 mm (57.7 in) wagon
Curb weight	1,305 kg (2,880 lb) sedan

Launched in 1967, the mechanicals were much the same as the previous generation, but additional equipment was included. Higher specification models used the 2.0-liter M engine or the 2.3-liter 2M engine. A premium level Super Deluxe model was available with the 2M engine including twin carburettors, electric windows, rear seat radio controls, air conditioning and luxury fabric on the seating including the crown logo embossed into the vinyl. Lower specified models were equipped with the R-series four-cylinder engines. The previous approach of manufacturing Crown vehicles for commercial use, called the Masterline, was discontinued with this generation. The Crown range now included the 4-door station wagon, pick-up (rare), double cab pick-up (very rare) and the new two-door hardtop. In 1969 the Crown received a face lift for the headlight, grill and trim arrangement. The Crown S used the two-litre 'six', but due to sportier tuning it produced more power than the larger 2M, 125 PS (92 kW) at 5,800 rpm versus 115 PS (85 kW) at 5,200 rpm. The commercial versions were fitted with the six-cylinder "M" engine (M-C) produce 105 PS (77 kW), while the four-cylinder 5R had to make do with 93 PS (68 kW).

Crown's that were equipped with the 2,253 cc 2M engine were no longer classified as compact cars under Japanese vehicle size classification regulations, even though the length and width were still in compliance. Toyota offered the larger engine so that buyers who were traditionally served by the Crown could now choose the all-new Corona Mark II in 1968. This allowed Toyota to reposition the Crown as the top level privately available luxury sedan, with much nicer interior treatments, more spacious accommodations. This was the last generation for the pick-up versions of the Crown, as load carrying was ceded to the new Toyota Hilux in February 1971.

This generation was imported fully assembled into New Zealand from 1968 to 1971.^{[citation needed]} Australian models were assembled in Australia by AMI.^{[citation needed]}

Notable features on the wagon were:

• 7 or 8 passenger seating (2 on front buckets or 3 on a bench seat, 3 on a rear bench seat and 2 on a fold up cargo seat),
• a powered rear window,
• a side swing tailgate.

Toyota Crown S50 Hardtop  Toyota Crown S50 Utility Pick-up  Toyota Crown S50 Station Wagon  1969 Custom Wagon, showing side hinged tailgate  1969 Crown Double Cabin

Fourth (S60 & S70 Models: 1971 to 1974)

Fourth Generation

Production	Feb 1971–Sept 1974
Body style	4-door sedan 5-door station wagon/van 2-door hardtop
Engine	1,994 cc 5R OHV I4 (RS60/66V) 1,988 cc M SOHC I6 (MS60/62/66V/70) 2,253 cc 2M SOHC I6 (MS64/67V) 2,563 cc 4M SOHC I6 (MS65/68V/75)
Transmission	3/4/5-speed manual 3-speed automatic
Wheelbase	2,690 mm (106 in)
Length	4,680 mm (184 in)
Width	1,690 mm (67 in)
Height	1,420 mm (56 in)
Curb weight	1,290–1,360 kg (2,800–3,000 lb)

Launched in Feb 1971, the 4M 2600 engine was introduced with this generation, as was the luxurious Super Saloon trim level, followed by the Super Deluxe and Deluxe. The top of the line Royal Saloon was first introduced in the face-lifted Crown from 1973. The 2.0-liter 5R inline-four engine and the 2.0-liter M six-cylinder engine were also available. As for the previous generation, the M-C engine (in Japanese specifications) has 105 PS (77 kW), while the 5R's output increased somewhat to 98 PS (72 kW). In some markets the previous 2.3 litre "2M" six remained available, in sedan or "utility wagon" forms. The Utility Wagon was a version half way between commercial and passenger car, and had chassis codes MS67V until the early 1973 facelift when it was replaced by the MS68V with the 2.6 engine.

The Sedan and Wagon (Custom) are coded RS60/MS60/MS64/MS65 and MS62/MS63, while the Van was coded MS66V with the two liter "six". The Hardtop Coupe is MS70 (2.0-liter), or MS75 (2.6-liter). The Japanese market Crown Custom (Wagon) was classified as a seven-seater. This generation was the first Crown marketed as a Toyota in Japan, as previous models were marketed as Toyopets. Also, in Japan, this model was known as the "blue whale" or "kujira" Crown. While the domestic market Hardtop has rectangular headlights, all export models come with twin round headlights. This model sold very badly in the US, possibly related to the futuristic styling (called "spindle-shaped" in period marketing material) with flush bumpers that was a bit ahead of its time. Only the first two years were imported to the USA, where it was the last Crown to be sold. The Corona Mark II, replaced the Crown in North America.

The trunk could be opened remotely by turning the ignition key to the far left, and a button on the floor caused the radio to engage the signal seeking feature. A separate signal seeking feature was installed for rear seat passengers, installed behind the front seat facing the rear seat compartment. The 60-series Crown underwent a facelift in January 1973.

Australian models were assembled in Australia by AMI.^{[citation needed]} It was available in New Zealand fully imported from 1971 to 1973, with local assembly beginning at Steels Motor Assemblies - who also built the Corona - not long before the mid-life facelift, improving availability. Steels subsequently became Toyota NZ's Christchurch CKD assembly plant.^{[citation needed]}

MS60 Coupé  Facelifted model (January, 1973 - October, 1974)

Fifth (S80 & S100 Models: 1974-1979)

Fifth Generation

S100 Series Toyota Crown Super Saloon
Production	Oct 1974–Aug 1979
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door "B" pillar hardtop 4-door station wagon 2-door coupe
Engine	2.0 L M SOHC I6 2.6 L 4M-E SOHC I6 2.2 L L diesel straight 4
Transmission	4-speed automatic 3-speed automatic 5-speed manual
Wheelbase	2,690 mm (106 in)
Length	4,765 mm (187.6 in)
Width	1,690 mm (67 in)
Height	1,440 mm (57 in)
Curb weight	1,470 kg (3,200 lb)

Launched in 1974 in Japan, export began from 1975. Offered as four-door sedan, 2-door hardtop coupe, 4-door hardtop sedan, wagon, and van. Engines are 2.0 and 2.6-liter gasoline. The 2.2-liter diesel was introduced September 1978. Trim levels are Standard, Deluxe, Super Saloon, and Royal Saloon. Minor change was given in 1978. This version of the Crown saw the introduction of disc brakes at both the front and rear axles with anti-lock brakes, speed sensitive power steering, and a 4-speed automatic transmission with overdrive.

Initially available with the "old style" 4M engine with rounded valve cover, later models switched to the new 4M engine with rectangular valve cover. This generation also saw the introduction of fuel injection on both the 2.6-liter 4M and the 2.0-liter M engines. Select models also were available with 4-wheel disc brakes and twin piston calipers on the front brakes. The models installed with the diesel engine was exclusive to Toyota Diesel Store locations.

The Hardtop Sedan model has a front chrome grill and square headlights, but was no longer considered a true hardtop, due to the inclusion of a "B" pillar. The styling differences between the hardtop and sedan four-door models was that the side windows on the hardtop were frameless, and the rear window was sloped more than the formal appearing sedan. This series Crown exceeded length regulations of 4.7 m by 65 mm set forth by Japanese regulations, but Toyota continued to offer a 2.0 L engine for buyers who were looking for better fuel economy over the larger six-cylinder engines.

New Zealand models were assembled in New Zealand but on an SKD basis - which meant it had more Japanese content (such as glass) than earlier CKD versions. It was the last Crown built in New Zealand and was replaced in 1979 by the Cressida (MK II), which was available with a four-cylinder engine. The oil crises of 1973/4 and 1979/80 had led the government to impose a 60% sales tax on larger engines, and the Crown could no longer be priced to suit its market.^{[citation needed]}

S80 series Crown Hardtop Super Saloon  S80 series Crown coupe  S80 series Crown station wagon

Sixth (S110 Model: 1979 to 1983)

Sixth Generation

Production	1979–1983
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door hardtop 4-door station wagon 2-door coupe 2-door hearse
Engine	2.0 L 5R-U I4 2.0 L M-E I6 2.0 L M-TEU I6 turbo 2.0 L M-PU I6 LPG 2.0 L 1G-EU I6 2.2 L L I4 diesel 2.4 L 2L-T I4 diesel turbo 2.4 L 2L-TE I4 diesel turbo EFI 2.8 L 5M-E I6 2.8 L 5M-GE I6
Transmission	4-speed automatic 3-speed automatic 5-speed manual 4-speed manual 3-speed manual
Wheelbase	2,690 mm (106 in)
Length	4,860 mm (191 in)
Width	1,715 mm (67.5 in)
Height	1,410 mm (56 in)
Curb weight	1,500 kg (3,300 lb)

Launched in 1979, this model had the engine upgraded from the 2.6 L to 2.8 L 5M-EU model. The 2-liter M was still on offer along with a turbocharged version—the M-TEU. The carburated 5M engine was also available in certain markets. In this series the model designation referred to the engine size—MS110 (2-liter), MS111 (2.6-liter), MS112 (2.8-liter). This was the last generation to install a four cylinder, gasoline powered engine.

Early models have twin rectangular headlights, facelift models come with bigger monoblock headlights. Domestic market Royal Saloons use the large rectangular headlights. Lower grades Van and Taxi adopt round headlights. Royal Saloon features longer bumpers. The first Crown Turbo was launched in October 1980 for Japanese market only. Offering the 2.0 L engines was for buyers who were comfortable with paying the large car tax, while offering better fuel economy than the larger engines.

This generation is the last for 2-door Hardtop Coupe, which was replaced by the Soarer. Some of the options that became available were a glass moon roof, power drivers seat, cruise control, electronic stereo tuner, and two-tone paint. Automatic climate control also appeared on this vehicle with separate controls installed for rear seat passengers as well as a rear-mounted mini fridge cooled by the separate rear seat air conditioning unit . The 2.4 L turbo diesel appeared August 1982.

Crown Sedan 2.8 Deluxe (MS112)  S110 series Crown hardtop coupe  S110 series Crown 4-door hardtop Super Saloon  S110 Crown station wagon

Seventh (S120 Model: 1983 to 1987)

Seventh Generation

Production	1983–1987
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door hardtop 4-door station wagon
Engine	2.0L 1G-GE DOHC I6 2.0L M-TE SOHC I6 Turbo 2.0L M-E SOHC I6 2.4L 2L-TE SOHC I4 Diesel Turbo 2.4L 2L SOHC I4 Diesel 2.8L 5M I6 2.8L 5M-E I6 2.8L 5M-GE DOHC I6 3.0L 6M-GE DOHC I6
Wheelbase	2,720 mm (107 in)
Length	4,860 mm (191 in)
Width	1,720 mm (68 in)
Height	1,420 mm (56 in)
Curb weight	1,495 kg (3,300 lb)

Launched in 1983, this model used all three versions of the 5M 2.8-liter engine, the 5M carburetted version, 5M-E single overhead cam (SOHC) fuel-injected version, 5M-GE double overhead cam (DOHC), 1G-GE 2000 cc DOHC, M-TE 2000 cc single overhead cam (SOHC) Turbo, M-E 2000 cc SOHC, 2L-TE 2400 cc SOHC Turbo Diesel or 2L 2400 cc SOHC Diesel engines. Base versions use the new 2-liter 1G-E engine which replaced the old 2-liter version of the M series. The "van" version of the station wagon (the GS126V as well as the GS136V in the following series) used its own unique variant of this motor (the 1G-EJ). The lower grade models were available with Toyota's F292 live axle rear suspension while the rest introduced 4-wheel independent suspension on the Crown for the first time.

S120 series Crown hardtop Super Saloon

The S120 was available in Hardtop sedan (frameless door glass), sedan and wagon versions. The Super Saloon and Royal Saloon versions were packed with features such as dual zone climate control, front and rear stereo and A/C control buttons, parcel shelf mounted refrigerator, automatic headlights, reading lamps for all outboard seating positions, tilt & telescoping steering column, glovebox mounted courtesy mirror among many things. One distinctive styling feature of this generation was the use of a clear panel with patterned backing for the C-pillar trim on the sedans. This is also the last model to be assembled in Port Melbourne, Australia from Australian Motor Industries. For the Japanese market only, Toyota made the 190 hp (142 kW)^{[citation needed]} Twincam 12-valve 3.0-liter 6M-GE available on the Royal Saloon for the mid cycle update. This engine is a popular swap for 5M-GE powered Supras and Cressidas of the same period.

Eighth (S130 Model: 1987 to 1991) and Facelift (1991–1997)

Eighth Generation

Toyota Crown Sedan 2.0i Super Saloon
Production	1987–1991 (hardtop) 1987–1995 (sedan) 1987–1999 (wagon) 1992-1997 (Facelift sedan) in Indonesia
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door hardtop 4-door station wagon
Engine	2.0L 1G-E DOHC I6 2.0L 1G-GZE DOHC supercharged 2.4L 2L-THE SOHC I4 Diesel Turbo 2.4L 2L-TE SOHC I4 Diesel Turbo 2.4L 2L SOHC I4 Diesel 3.0L 7M-GE DOHC I6 4.0L 1UZ-FE V8
Transmission	4-speed manual 4-speed automatic 5-speed manual
Wheelbase	2,730 mm (107 in)
Length	4,860 mm (191 in)
Width	1,745 mm (68.7 in)
Height	1,400 mm (55 in)
Curb weight	1,670 kg (3,700 lb)

Launched in 1987. Body style: Sedan, Hardtop, and Wagon, included the commercial Van. This model used 7M-GE 3000 cc DOHC, 1G-GZE 2000 cc DOHC Super Charger, 1G-E 2000 cc DOHC, 2L-THE 2400 cc SOHC Turbo Diesel Hi Power (AT Use), 2L-TE 2400 cc SOHC Turbo Diesel (MT Use) or 2L 2400 cc SOHC Diesel engines. The 4.0-liter 1UZ-FE, the same engine as in Lexus LS400, was only for Royal Saloon G, which became the Toyota Crown Majesta in the next model revision in 1992. Although a totally different chassis and body, the S130 shares styling cues with the MX83 Cressida.

In 1991, when the Crown Hardtop was redesigned and became the S140 series, the Crown Sedan and Wagon were also restyled but retained S130 platform. In Hong Kong and Singapore, the Crown Sedan with the diesel engine was the most common vehicle used as taxis. The Crown Royal Saloon was an exclusive car. Unique for a large sedan was Crown 3.0 Super Saloon with 5-speed manual transmission sold in Indonesia.

Crown Hardtop Royal Saloon.  Facelift model Crown Sedan Diesel for Taxi (YS130) with round headlights.  Facelift model Crown Station Wagon.  Facelift model Crown Sedan 2.0i Royal Saloon (GS131).

Ninth (S140 Models: 1991 to 1995)

Ninth Generation

Production	1991–1995
Body style	4-door hardtop
Engine	2.0L 1G-FE I6 2.4L 2L-TE I4 2.5L 1JZ-GE I6 3.0L 2JZ-GE I6
Transmission	4-speed automatic 5-speed automatic
Wheelbase	2,730 mm (107 in)
Length	4,800 mm (190 in)
Width	1,750 mm (69 in)
Height	1,440 mm (57 in)
Curb weight	1,620 kg (3,600 lb)
Related	Crown Majesta Ohno Pick Up

The Crown Hardtop and all-new Crown Majesta models were built on the 140-series platform. The rebodied Crown Sedan and Wagon still carried S130 model codes, although the exterior is rounder, and the nose is similar to S140 Hardtop. Styling was largely influenced by the newly created Lexus LS, which was later sold in Japan as the Toyota Celsior.

Trim levels for Sedan are Standard, Deluxe, Super Deluxe, Super Saloon, Royal Saloon, and Royal Saloon G. Engine choices were 2.0, 2.5, 3.0-liter gasoline, and 2.4-liter diesel. The 4.0-liter was offered for Royal Saloon G and Majesta.

The Crown Majesta is a car related to the Crown but is bigger, more luxurious and has a V8 engine shared with the Lexus LS and has many expensive electronic options. The Crown Majesta has been produced since 1991.

The Standard Sedan for Taxi and base model Wagon feature round headlights and chrome bumpers. The taxi is powered by 2.4-liter diesel engine matched to 4-speed column-mounted manual transmission.

1991 Crown back  1993 Crown back  Crown Royal Saloon

Tenth (S150 Model: 1995-1999)

Tenth generation

Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	1995–1999
Assembly	Toyota City, Nagoya
Body style	4-door sedan 4-door hardtop
Platform	S-series
Engine	2.0 L 1G-FE I6 2.0 L 1G-GPE LPG I6 2.5 L 1JZ-GE I6 3.0 L 2JZ-GE I6 2.4 L 2L-TE diesel I4
Transmission	4-speed automatic 5-speed manual 5-speed automatic
Wheelbase	2,780 mm (109.4 in)
Length	4,820 mm (189.8 in)
Width	1,760 mm (69.3 in)
Height	1,425 mm (56.1 in)

The 150-series Crown were built as Sedan and Hardtop (frameless door window) only. This was the first Crown to not use separate chassis construction. The Wagon retained the old and uninspired 130 series model until 1999. Trim levels for Hardtop are Royal Extra, Royal Saloon, Royal Saloon G, and the sporty Royal Touring. 4WD is offered for Royal Extra and Royal Saloon. Engine is either 2.0, 2.5, or 3.0-liter 6-cylinder.

This generation Crown was not exported in great numbers. It was mainly sent to Southeast Asian markets such as Singapore and Hong Kong. These Crowns, with sedan rather than hardtop bodywork, were fitted either with the 2.0-litre 1G-FE or the 3-litre 2JZ-GE unit depending on market conditions.

Sedan  Police car

Crown Comfort (XS10 models: 1995 - current)

Main article: Toyota Comfort

Crown Comfort taxi

In an effort to return to the original purpose of the Crown, which was to serve as a taxi, the Crown Comfort had smaller exterior dimensions but a roomier and taller interior than the Crown Royal series. To reduce unnecessary cost and weight and increase interior space, the more luxurious dashboard and fitments (including leather seats) of the Crown Royal were replaced with less bulky all-plastic versions. The Comfort is also used as an instructional vehicle for people learning how to drive.

The Comfort is powered by either the 3C diesel engine (5L for the Singapore market, LXS10) or the 2-litre 3Y-PE LPG engine (YXS10). The Japanese model has fender mirrors and an automatic (driver-activated) rear door. The Crown Comfort is popular among taxicab in Japan, and Hong Kong, but is gradually falling out of favour as better-appointed vehicles become available at competitive cost.

The new Crown Sedan for the Japanese market only is based on the Comfort, but has wider tail lights and longer bumpers.

Eleventh (S170 Model: 1999 to 2003)

Eleventh generation

Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	1999–2003
Assembly	Toyota City, Nagoya
Body style	Sedan Wagon
Platform	S-series
Engine	2.0L 1G-FE I6 2.5L 1JZ-FSE I6 2.5L 1JZ-GEI6 3.0L 2JZ-FSE I6 3.0L 2JZ-GE I6 2.5L 1JZ-GTE I6
Transmission	4-speed automatic 5-speed automatic
Wheelbase	2,780 mm (109.4 in)
Length	4,820 mm (189.8 in)
Width	1,765 mm (69.5 in)
Height	1,465 mm (57.7 in)

The 170-series features shorter front overhang therefore maximizes interior and trunk space. There are two different 170-series 4-door Saloon; the Royal, and Athlete. The Majesta is a separate vehicle which is larger and longer than the Crown. The 4-door Hardtop was discontinued. The 170-series Estate was the first new Crown Wagon after the 130-series. Engine is either 2.0, 2.5, or 3.0. The Athlete V has 2.5-liter 1JZ-GTE turbo. The Royal was also offered with a 3.0-liter 2JZ-FSE mild hybrid.

Crown police car  Crown Royal Saloon JZS175  Crown back  Crown S170 Wagon adapted for use as a hearse  Crown Estate Athlete

Twelfth (S180 Model: 2003 to 2008)

Twelfth generation

Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	2003–2008
Assembly	Toyota City, Nagoya, Japan Tianjin, China
Body style	Sedan Wagon
Platform	S-series
Engine	2.5L 4GR-FSE V6 3.0L 3GR-FSE V6 3.5L 2GR-FSE V6
Transmission	5-speed automatic 6-speed automatic
Wheelbase	2,850 mm (112.2 in)
Length	4,840 mm (190.6 in)
Width	1,780 mm (70.1 in)
Height	1,470 mm (57.9 in)

The S180 model of the Crown was based on the Zero Crown concept car. The engine was changed to a V6 for the new Royal and Athlete models, while the Crown Majesta used the V8 only, now in 4.3-liter form with 4WD optional. The new engines gave more performance while also giving better fuel economy. G-BOOK is introduced in May 2006.

Compared with the previous model, this model was increased by 70 mm (2.8 in) in the wheelbase and 15 mm (0.6 in) in body width. These changes gave it the largest interior size among its contemporaries, more than the Mercedes-Benz E-Class or BMW 5-series.

The S170 series Crown Estate was continued alongside the S180 sedans. It continued using the older inline 6-cylinder engines.

Crown Athlete  Crown Royal S180 back  Crown Royal interior

Thirteenth (S200 Model: 2008 to 2012)

Thirteenth generation

Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	2008–2012
Assembly	Toyota City, Nagoya, Japan
Body style	Sedan
Platform	S-series
Engine	2.5 L 4GR-FSE V6 3.0 L 3GR-FSE V6 3.5 L 2GR-FSE V6 4.6 L 1UR-FSE V8 BiTurbo(4WD) 5.0 L 2UR-FE (Hybrid)
Transmission	6-speed automatic 8-speed automatic
Wheelbase	2,850 mm (112.2 in)
Length	4,910 mm (193.3 in)
Width	1,855 mm (73.0 in)
Height	1,470 mm (57.9 in)
Curb weight	1,792 kg (3,950.7 lb) 1,863 kg (4,107.2 lb) For TRD

The new Crown Is a more luxurious than lexus series, and is available in 5 different trim levels: the basic Crown Sedan; the Crown Royal series which is a more comfortable and luxurious car; the Crown Athlete series which takes the luxurious aspect of the Royal series but has more aggressive styling and sporty features; the Crown Majesta series which is larger and has more luxurious features than the Royal series; and the Crown Hybrid series which is a trim level designated for the hybrid V6 drivetrain. The Crown is one of the first vehicles to have a 3 Dimensional Satellite Navigation System coupled with G-BOOK and boasts many features that have not been developed by other luxury car makers. This system can adjust the damper firmness for corners based on map data and change transmission gear shift timings and engine braking for merging on and off highways and approaching tollbooths. The Crown Hybrid also features Night View with a pedestrian detection system. The Crown is set to rival the European BMW 5 series, Mercedes E-class, Audi A6 and the Japanese Honda Legend & Nissan Fuga. This is the longest and widest Crown to be built until the arrival of the fourteenth generation (S210 model).

The Crown Athlete has been tested to do 0–100 km/h in under 6 seconds, while the Crown Hybrid has been estimated to take 5.4 seconds due to the additional power of the hybrid motor. The mechanically similar Lexus GS 450H Hybrid (GWS191) outputs 253 kW (339 bhp).^{[citation needed]}

The Crown hybrid concept was exhibited at 2007 Tokyo Motor Show. In television commercials in Japan a song was written by composer John Harle titled "How should I my true love know?"

Crown Royal Saloon rearview  Crown Athlete  Crown interior

Fourteenth (S210 Model: 2012 to present)

Fourteenth generation

Manufacturer	Toyota
Production	2012–present
Assembly	Toyota City, Nagoya, Japan
Body style	Sedan
Platform	S-series
Engine	2.5 L 4GR-FSE V6 (Sedan) (2WD) 215HP 3.0 L 3GR-FSE V6 (Royal Saloon) (4WD) 278HP 3.5 L 2GR-FSE V6 (Athlete) (2WD) 320HP 3.5 L 2GR-FSE V6 Supercharged (Athlete) (4WD) 380HP 4.6 L 1UR-FSE V8< BiTurbo (4WD)(TRD) 565HP
Transmission	6-speed automatic 8-speed automatic(TRD)
Wheelbase	2,860 mm (112.6 in)
Length	4,915 mm (193.5 in)
Width	1,860 mm (73.2 in)
Height	1,470 mm (57.9 in)
Curb weight	2.5L 1,725 kg (3,803.0 lb) 3.0L 1,798 kg (3,963.9 lb) 3.5L 1,825 kg (4,023.4 lb) 3.5L Supercharged1,845 kg (4,067.5 lb) 1,895 kg (4,177.8 lb) For TRD

The fourteenth generation Crown was launched in December 2012 with new styling. Most aspects of the car can be controlled by Toyota Multi-Operation Touch panel. The Crown Royal is available with the 2.5 L 4GR-FSE V6 engine with a 6-speed automatic (RWD or 4WD) or the 2.5 2AR-FSE inline-4 with THS II (RWD only). The Crown Athlete has the same options but also has an optional 3.5 L 2GR-FSE V6 engine with an 8-speed automatic (RWD only).

References

• ＧＰ企画センター [GP Planning Center], ed. (2006). 日本自動車史年表 [History Timeline of the Japanese automobile]. Tokyo, Japan: GP Publications. ISBN 978-4-87687-286-2. 

External links

Toyota Crown Lineup (written in Japanese)

• Crown Sedan
• Crown Comfort
• Crown Royal
• Crown Athlete
• Crown Majesta