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|align=center| 1 December 1965
|align=center| 1 December 1965
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Revision as of 05:00, 10 June 2010

Aviation
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This is a master list derived from List of military aircraft of the United States to be used in conjunction with the updated aircraft article naming convention at Wikipedia:Naming conventions (aircraft). Please append a tick:  Done after checking or moving an article to an updated title, or a cross:  Not done for articles that have been checked and require moving or need discussion.

If in any doubt please do not move an article but discuss it on this list's talk page for consensus to be gained.

Prior to 1919

Main article: List of military aircraft of the United States (1909-1919)

Prior to 1919, all planes flown by the Army Air Service and the Navy were referred to by the designation given to them by their manufacturer. A variety of both domestic and foreign types were operated, with the latter being the primary front-line types during the First World War.

Army Air Service, 1919-1924

In September 1919, the Army Air Service decided that it needed an organized designation sequence, and adopted fifteen classifications, designated by roman numerals. Several other unnumbered designations were added later. Each designation was assigned an abbreviation, and each design a number within that abbreviation. Variants were designated by alphabetically appending letters to the design number.

Type O: Foreign-Built Pursuit Aircraft

Type I: Pursuit, water-cooled

Type II: Pursuit, night

Type III: Pursuit, air-cooled

Type IV: Pursuit, ground attack, 1922

Type V: Two-seat pursuit

  • TP-1 - Engineering Division

Type VI: Ground attack, 1920-1922

Type VII: Infantry liaison

Type VIII: Night observation

Type IX: Artillery observation

Type X: Corps observation

  • CO-1 - Engineering Division
  • CO-2 - Engineering Division
  • CO-3 - Engineering Division
  • CO-4 - Atlantic
  • XCO-5 - Engineering Division
  • XCO-6 - Engineering Division
  • XCO-7 - Boeing
  • XCO-8 - Atlantic

Type XI: Day bombardment

Type XII: Night bombardment, short range

Type XIII: Night bombardment, long range

Type XIV: Trainer, air-cooled

Type XV: Trainer, water-cooled

Ambulance, 1919-1924

Messenger

Pursuit, special

Racer

Seaplane

Transport

Army Air Corps/Army Air Forces/Air Force 1924-1962

Attack, 1924-1948

Bomber

Until 1926, the Army Air Service had three sequences for bombers. Light bombers were indicated by the LB- prefix, medium bombers by the B- prefix, and heavy bombers by the HB- prefix. In 1926, the three-category system was scrapped and all bombers subsequently built were placed in the B- sequence.

Light Bomber, 1924-1926

Medium Bomber, 1924-1926

Heavy Bomber, 1924-1926

Unified bomber sequence, 1926-1962

Beginning with #69, the "M-" (missile) and "B-" (bomber) series diverged. The missles designated M-69 to M-92, some of which are incorrectly labeled as "formerly designated B-xx" in some sources, never used a "B-" series designation.

Bomber, long range, 1935-1936

A short-lived designation used from 1935-1936 to refer to three long-range bomber projects commissioned by the Army Air Corps.

Cargo, 1924-1962

After 2005, several planes were added to this sequence.

Drone

Aerial Target

1940-1941
1942-1948

Aerial Target (Model Airplane), 1942-1948

Controllable bomb, 1942-1945

Target Control, 1942-1948

Unified sequence, 1948-1962

Glider

Assault Glider, 1942-1944

Bomb Glider, 1942-1944

Cargo Glider, 1941-1948

Fuel Glider, 1930-1948

Powered Glider, 1943-1948

Training Glider, 1941-1948

Unified sequence, 1948-1955

Sailplane, 1960-1962

Gyroplane, 1935-1939

Liaison, 1942-1962

Pursuit, 1924-1948/Fighter, 1948-1962

Designated P- for "pursuit" until 1948, when the United States Air Force was founded. After this, all P- designations were changed to F- ("fighter"), but the original numbers were retained.

Fighter, Multiplace

Pursuit, Biplace

  • PB-1 - Berliner-Joyce Done
  • PB-2 - Consolidated Done

Observation

Observation, 1924-1942

Observation amphibian, 1925-1948

Reconnaissance

Photographic reconnaissance, 1930-1948 / Reconnaissance, 1948-1962

Reconnaissance-strike, 1960-1962

Both of the following aircraft are numbered in the B- (bomber) sequence.

Rotary Wing, 1941-1948/Helicopter 1948-present

In 1941, the category letter R- was alotted for "rotary wing" aircraft, and this designation was used until the founding of the United States Air Force in 1947, at which point the category letter was changed to H-, for "helicopter". However, the original numbering sequence was retained.

In 1962 when the Unifed Designation System was adopted, six former Navy and Army types received new designations in the H-1 to H-6 series, which can be found here. However, the original sequence was also continued, and remains in use to the present, with the next designation available being H-73.

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
R-1   Platt-Lepage Aircraft 12 May 1941  
R-2   Kellett Autogiro   Modified from YG-1C.
R-3   Kellett Autogiro *nbsp; Modified from YG-1B.
R-4 "Hoverfly" Sikorsky Aircraft 13 January 1942  
R-5 "Dragonfly" Sikorsky Aircraft 18 August 1943 Redesignated H-5 in 1948.
R-6 "Hoverfly II" Sikorsky Aircraft 15 October 1943 Redesignated H-6 in 1948.
R-7   Sikorsky Aircraft   - Not built.
R-8   Kellett Autogiro File:Kellett XR-8.jpg 7 August 1944 Redesignated H-8 in 1948.
R-9   Firestone Aircraft 1946 Redesignated H-9 in 1948.
R-10   Kellett Autogiro 24 April 1947 Redesignated H-10 in 1948.
R-11   Rotorcraft Corporation 1947 Redesignated H-11 in 1948.
R-12   Bell Helicopter 1947 Redesignated H-12 in 1948.
R-13 Sioux Bell Helicopter 8 December 1945 Redesignated H-13 in 1948.
Some variants formerly HTL, HUL.
R-14   Firestone Aircraft   - Not built.
R-15   Bell Helicopter 1948 Redesignated H-15 in 1948.
R-16 Transporter Piasecki Helicopter 23 October 1953 Redesignated H-16 in 1948.
H-16A formerly H-27.
R-17 "Flying Crane" Hughes Helicopters 100px 23 October 1952 Redesignated H-17 in 1948.
H-18   Sikorsky Aircraft 12 February 1947
(S-52) 		 
H-19 Chickasaw Sikorsky Aircraft 10 November 1949 Some variants formerly HRS, HO4S.
H-20 Little Henry McDonnell Aircraft 29 August 1947  
H-21 Shawnee
Workhorse
"Flying Banana" 		Piasecki Helicopter April 1952  
H-22   Kaman Aircraft July 1949
(K-225) 		 
H-23 Raven Hiller Helicopters 1948
(Model 360) 		 
H-24 Sky Hawk Seibel Helicopter April 1951  
H-25 Army Mule Piasecki Helicopter March 1948 Some variants formerly HUP.
H-26 Jet Jeep American Helicopter January 1952  
H-27 Transporter Piasecki Helicopter   - Redesignated as H-16A.
H-28   Hughes Helicopters   - Not built.
H-29   McDonnell Aircraft   - Not built.
H-30   McCulloch Aircraft March 1951
(MC-4) 		 
H-31   Doman Helicopters 27 April 1953  
H-32 Hornet Hiller Helicopters 1950 YH-32A Serial No. 55-4965 is believed to be the world's first helicopter gunship. [4]
H-33   Bell Helicopter   - Redesignated as V-3.
H-34 Choctaw
Seabat
Seahorse 		Sikorsky Aircraft 8 March 1954 Some variants formerly HUS, HSS-1.
H-35   McDonnell Aircraft   - Redesignated as V-1.
H-36 Skipped Possibly assigned to V-2.
Possibly assigned to Project LONG EARS.
H-37 Mojave Sikorsky Aircraft 1953 H-37C formerly HR2S.
H-38 Skipped Possibly assigned to Project SHORT TAIL.
H-39   Sikorsky Aircraft File:Sikorsky XH-39A.jpg 1954 Modified from H-18.
H-40   Bell Helicopter 20 October 1956 Produced as H-1.
H-41  Done ok Seneca Cessna 1953
(CH-1) 		 
H-42   Hughes Helicopters   - redesignated as HO-2.
H-43 Huskie Kaman Aircraft 1953 Some variants formerly HOK, HTK, HUK.
H-44 Skipped Possibly assigned to Project BIG TOM.
H-45 Skipped Possibly assigned to Project STEP CHILD.
H-46 Sea Knight Boeing Vertol August 1962 Formerly HRB-1.
UH-46B formerly H-49.
H-46C formerly HC-1A.
H-47 Chinook Boeing Vertol August 1962 Formerly HC-1B.
H-48   Bell Helicopter 20 February 1964[5] Produced as H-1F.
H-49   Boeing Vertol   - Redesignated as H-46B.
H-50 DASH Gyrodyne 1959 Formerly DSN.
H-51   Lockheed Corporation 100px 2 November 1962  
H-52 Seaguard Sikorsky Aircraft 1959
(S-62) 		Formerly HU2S.
H-53 Sea Stallion
"Super Jolly Green Giant"
Pave Low
Super Stallion
Sea Dragon 		Sikorsky Aircraft

14 October 1964
(YCH-53A)
1 March 1974
(YCH-53E) 		[1]
MH-53 Pave Low
CH-53E Super Stallion
CH-53K Super Stallion
H-54 Tarhe Sikorsky Aircraft 9 May 1962  
H-55 Osage Hughes Helicopters 2 October 1956
Model 269 		 
H-56 Cheyenne Lockheed Corporation 21 September 1967  
H-57 Sea Ranger Bell Helicopter 10 January 1966
(Model 206A) 		 
H-58 Kiowa
Kiowa Warrior 		Bell Helicopter 10 January 1966
(Model 206A)
6 October 1983
(OH-58D) 		 
H-59   Sikorsky Aircraft 26 July 1973  
H-60 Black Hawk
Seahawk
Jayhawk
Pave Hawk
Nighthawk
Oceanhawk
Rescue Hawk
"Whitehawk"
"Knighthawk"
DAP 		Sikorsky Aircraft

26 July 1973 SH-60 Seahawk
HH-60 Pave Hawk
HH-60 Jayhawk
H-61   Boeing Vertol November 1974  
H-62   Boeing Vertol - Never flown.
H-63   Bell Helicopter 1 October 1975  
H-64 Apache
Apache Longbow 		Hughes Helicopters
McDonnell Douglas
Boeing Helicopters 		30 September 1975  
H-65 Dolphin Aérospatiale
Eurocopter 		1980  
H-66 Comanche Boeing Helicopters
Sikorsky Aircraft 		4 January 1996  
H-67 Creek Bell Helicopter 1993  
H-68 Stingray AgustaWestland 2000 [1]
Leased 2000-2008
H-69 Skipped  
H-70 "Arapaho" Bell Helicopter 20 July 2006 [1]
H-71 Kestrel AgustaWestland
Lockheed Martin
Bell Helicopter 		3 July 2007 [1]
H-72 Lakota Eurocopter 19 June 1999
(EC145) 		[1]

Supersonic/special test, 1946-1948

Trainer

Advanced Trainer, 1925-1948

Basic Combat, 1936-1940

Basic Trainer, 1930-1948

Primary Trainer, 1925-1948

Unified sequence, 1948-present

The AT-6 Texan, AT-7 Navigator, and AT-11 Kansan, were retroactively given T- designations. The new sequence began at 28, continuing the "PT-" numbering sequence.

Convertiplane, 1952-1962

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
V-1   McDonnell Aircraft 14 July 1954 Formerly L-25
Formerly H-35
V-2   Sikorsky Aircraft   - Not built
V-3   Bell Helicopter 11 August 1955 Formerly H-33

Army, 1956-1962

AO-1 Mohawk

In 1956, the U.S. Army adopted a new, and relatively simple, designation system for its aviation assets. Aircraft were divided into three different types - 'A' for fixed-wing aircraft, 'H' for helicopters, or 'V' for V/STOL aircraft, and then were given a mission modifier, which, unlike the USAF system, came after the type code: 'C' for transports, 'O' for observation and reconnaissance aircraft, 'U' for utility types, and 'Z' for experimental aircraft. Aircraft types designated in this system were numbered sequentially.[6]

Airplane, Cargo, 1956-1962

Airplane, Observation, 1956-1962

Airplane, Research, 1956-1962

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
AZ-1 Marvelette Mississippi State University 100px 16 November 1962  

Flying Platform, 1955-1956

Helicopter, Cargo, 1956-1962

Helicopter, Observation, 1956-1962

Helicopter, Utility, 1956-1962

Helicopter, Experimental, 1956-1962

Vertical Takeoff and Landing Research, 1956-1962

File:Avrocar 2.jpg
VZ-9 Avrocar

Unified System, 1962-present

Airship

Anti-Submarine Warfare

Attack

Bomber

Cargo

Drone

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
Q-1 Predator
Warrior 		General Atomics 1995 [1]
MQ-1C Warrior
Q-2 Pioneer AAI Corporation
Israel Aircraft Industries 		1986  
Q-3 Dark Star Lockheed Martin
Boeing 		29 March 1996  
Q-4 Global Hawk Northrop Grumman 28 February 1998  
Q-5 Hunter Israel Aircraft Industries    
Q-6 Outrider Alliant Techsystems File:Twuav 07 08.jpg 1996  
Q-7 Shadow AAI Corporation 1991  
Q-8 Fire Scout Northrop Grumman January 2000  
Q-9 Reaper
Altair 		General Atomics 2 February 2001 Originally "Predator B"
Q-10 SnowGoose MMIST April 2001  
Q-11 Raven AeroVironment October 2001  
Q-13 Skipped Requested for Q-1C
Q-13 Skipped  
Q-14 Dragon Eye AeroVironment October 2001  
Q-15 Neptune DRS Technologies January 2002  
Q-16 T-Hawk Honeywell 2006  
Q-17 SpyHawk MTC Technologies    
Q-18 Hummingbird Boeing File:Twuav 08 06.jpg 7 December 2001  
Non-sequential designations
Q-170 Sentinel Lockheed Martin 2005  

Electronic Warfare

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
E-1 Tracer Grumman Aircraft 17 December 1956  Done
E-2 Hawkeye Grumman Aircraft 21 October 1960  Done
E-3 Sentry Boeing 25 May 1976  Done
E-4 "Nightwatch" Boeing 1973  Done no name
E-5 Eagle Windecker Industries 100px 1973  Not done was "Eagle" part of the MDS designation or just the manfacturer's?
E-6 Mercury Boeing February 1987  Done
E-7 Skipped n/a
E-8 Joint STARS Northrop Grumman    Not done Boeing or Northrop Grumman?
E-9 Widget de Havilland Canada 1988  Done page at DHC-8
E-10 MC2A Boeing
Northrop Grumman 		2008
(airframe) 		 Not done Boeing or Nothrop Grumman?

Experimental, 1948-present

Main article: List of X-planes

In addition to aircraft intended to support military operations, the armed forces of the United States have also supported efforts to push the boundaries of aeronautical and aerospace knowledge. Some of the best-known of these projects are the aircraft designated in the "X" series of designations, which led them to become known as "X-planes".

Fighter

Note: Captured foreign aircraft used for evaluation and aggressor were given designations in sequence—based on chronology—with "black" project aircraft, continuing the pre-1962 F series.[13]

Glider

Helicopter

Unlike most other categories of aircraft, the introduction of the tri-service designation system in 1962 did not result in a wholesale redesignation of helicopters. While six types received new designations in the unified, "re-started" sequence, the original "H-" series of designations that started in 1948 was also continued, and no further types of rotorcraft have been designated in the "post-1962" system.

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
H-1 Iroquois
Huey
Venom
Cobra
SeaCobra
SuperCobra
Viper 		Bell Helicopter

22 October 1956 Formerly H-40
Formerly HU-1
UH-1N Twin Huey
UH-1Y Venom
AH-1 Cobra
AH-1 SuperCobra
AH-1Z Viper
H-2 Seasprite Kaman Aircraft 2 July 1959 Formerly HU2K
SH-2G Super Seasprite
H-3 Sea King
"Jolly Green Giant" 		Sikorsky Aircraft 11 March 1959 Formerly HSS-2
CH-/HH-3 Sea King
H-4   Bell Helicopter 8 December 1962 Formerly HO-4
H-5   Fairchild Hiller 21 January 1963 Formerly HO-5
H-6 Cayuse
Little Bird 		Hughes Helicopters
McDonnell Douglas
Boeing Helicopters 		27 February 1963 Formerly HO-6
MH-6 Little Bird
AH-6

Laser

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
L-1   Boeing 18 July 2002  Done no name

Observation

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
O-1  Done Bird Dog Cessna Aircraft 14 December 1949  Done
O-2  Done Skymaster Cessna Aircraft January 1967  Done
O-3 "Quiet Star" Lockheed Missiles & Space 100px 1969  Done no name
O-4   Wren Aircraft   1963
(Wren 460) 		 Done page at m-mdl
O-5 ARL de Havilland Canada 27 March 1975
(DHC-7) 		 Done page at m-mdl

Patrol

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
P-1 Skipped n/a
P-2 Neptune Lockheed Corporation 17 May 1945  Done
P-3 Orion
ARIES 		Lockheed Corporation 25 November 1959  Done
WP-3D Orion  Done
EP-3 Aries Done
P-4 Privateer Consolidated Aircraft 1943  Not done Consolidated or Convair?
P-5 Marlin Glenn L. Martin Company 30 May 1948  Done
P-6 Skipped n/a
P-7   Lockheed Corporation   -  Done
P-8 Poseidon Boeing File:US Navy 090425-0-0000X-001 A Boeing P-8A Poseidon test aircraft T-1 conducts a test flight April 25, 2009.jpg 25 April 2009  Done

Reconnaissance

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
R-1 Dragon Lady Rockwell International File:Tr1a-95rs-alc.jpg August 1981  
R-2 Skipped  
R-3         Possibly assigned to a Black Project
Speculated: TR-3 Black Manta
Speculated: SR-3 Blackstar

Spaceplane

The only designation in the "Spaceplane" series, the MS-1A shares a designation letter with the anti-submarine warfare category, and is perhaps unique among MDS identifiers as being assigned to a future, and currently not wholly defined, concept, as opposed to a specific project. [15]

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
S-1       future [1]

Tanker

No specialised types have been acquired to receive a stand-alone 'K for Tanker' designation; for aircraft modified for use as tankers, see the parent aircraft in the proper sequence.

Trainer, 1962, 1990-present

Despite the adoption of the unified Mission Designation System in 1962, only two aircraft were designated in the new series, both former Navy types. The old series continued in use until 1990, at which point a new series was started over at T-1, with the previous T-2 still being in use. However, the old series has still seen new designations being assigned. The next designation available in the 'T' series is T-52 or T-7, depending on which series is continued.

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
1962 Sequence
T-1 SeaStar Lockheed Corporation 15 December 1953  Done
T-2 Buckeye North American Aviation 31 January 1958  Done
1990 Sequence
T-1 Jayhawk Raytheon
Hawker Beechcraft 		   
T-2 Skipped T-2 Buckeye was still in service.
T-3 Firefly Slingsby Aviation 1991  
T-4 Skipped  
T-5 Skipped  
T-6 Texan II Hawker Beechcraft July 1998 Named in honor of AT-6 Texan

Utility, 1955-present

Vertical and Short Take-off and Landing Aircraft

Sequence Name Manufacturer Image First flight Notes/Notable Variants
V-1 Mohawk Grumman Aircraft 14 April 1959  Done
V-2 Caribou de Havilland Canada 30 July 1958 Formerly AC-1
Redesignated as C-7
V-3   Bell Helicopter 11 August 1955 Formerly H-33
Formerly V-3 in Convertiplane series
V-4 Hummingbird Lockheed Corporation 7 July 1962  Done
V-5 Vertifan Ryan Aeronautical File:XV5AInFlightColor.JPG 25 May 1964  Done
V-6 Kestrel Hawker Siddeley 7 March 1964 Formerly VZ-12
V-7 Buffalo de Havilland Canada 22 September 1961 Formerly AC-2
Redesignated as C-8
V-8 "Fleep" Ryan Aeronautical 1961 Designation later reused.
V-8 Harrier Hawker Siddeley
McDonnell Douglas
British Aerospace
Boeing

28 December 1967 AV-8B Harrier II
V-9   Hughes Helicopters 5 November 1964  
V-10 Bronco Rockwell International
Boeing 		16 July 1965  Done
V-11 Marvel Parsons Corporation 100px 1 December 1965  
V-12   Parsons Corporation 1961
(Turbo-Porter) 		Cancelled, designation reused.
V-12   Rockwell International 1978
(tethered hover) 		 
V-13 Skipped  
V-14 Skipped Skipped to avoid confusion with X-14.[16]
V-15   Bell Helicopter 3 May 1977  
V-16 Advanced Harrier McDonnell Douglas
British Aerospace 		  - Not built; developed into AV-8B
V-17 Skipped Assigned to a U.S. Army project but not used.[16]
V-18 Twin Otter de Havilland Canada 20 May 1965
(DHC-6) 		 
V-19 Skipped Assigned to a U.S. Navy project but cancelled.[16]
V-20 Chiricahua de Havilland Canada 1979  
V-21 PACES Airship Industries 1983 Unconfirmed designation.[16]
V-22 Osprey Bell Helicopter
Boeing Helicopters 		19 March 1989  
V-23 Scout Dominion Aircraft 21 April 1975
(Skytrader) 		 

Un-designated foreign aircraft operated by the United States

See also

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Parsch, Andreas. "DOD 4120.15-L - Addendum, MDS Designators allocated after 19 August 1998 (until March 2009)". Designation-Systems.Net. Retrieved 2010-04-05.
  2. ^ Andrade 1979, page 60
  3. ^ "HazeGray.org". rec.aviation.military FAQ, Part 4. Retrieved 2007-01-13.
  4. ^ "The First 100 Years of Aviation". Hiller Aviation Museum. Retrieved 6 April 2010.
  5. ^ Jane's, p.38
  6. ^ Chorney, Andrew. Systems of Designation, U.S. Army Aircraft, 1956-1962 System. U.S. Military Aircraft Designations 1911-2004
  7. ^ DOD 4120.15-L: Model Designation of Military Aerospace Vehicles, Department of Defense, Office of the Undersecretary of Defense (AT&L) (Defense Systems), May 12, 2004. Accessed April 7, 2010.
  8. ^ Fitzsimons, Bernard, ed. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Weapons and Warfare (London: Phoebus, 1978), Volume 4, p.370, "Blackbird, Sr-71 Lockheed".
  9. ^ Offically, the F/A-18 is designated in both the A-for-attack and F-for-fighter series.
  10. ^ U.S. Military Aircraft Designations 1911-2004
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i Parsch, Andreas (2006-11-27). "Cover Designations for Classified USAF Aircraft". Designation-Systems.Net. Retrieved 2006-12-29.
  12. ^ "Edwards AFB website". Col. Joseph A. Lanni, USAF biography. Retrieved 2007-01-07.
  13. ^ a b Fulghum, David A., "MiGs in Nevada", Aviation Week & Space Technology, November 27, 2006
  14. ^ a b c d e f 94th Flying Training Squadron aircraft
  15. ^ MS-1A, GlobalSecurity.org. Accessed 2010-04-08.
  16. ^ a b c d Parsch, Andreas. ""Missing" USAF/DOD Aircraft Designations". Designation-Systems.Net. Retrieved 2010-04-13.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g Office of History, Headquarters Third Air Force, United States Air Forces in Europe: Installations and USAAF Combat Units in the United Kingdom 1942-1945, Revised and Expanded Edition. October 1980; reprinted February 1985
  18. ^ Baugher, Joseph F. 1930-1937 USAAS Serial Numbers
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