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* 1876
* 1876
** [[Leicester Town Hall]] was built.<ref name=McKinley13 />
** [[Leicester Town Hall]] was built.<ref name=McKinley13 />
** Leicester Co-operative Hosiery Manufacturing Society organised.<ref>{{citation |title=History of the Leicester Co-operative Hosiery Manufacturing Society |year=1898 |publisher=Co-operative Printing Society |url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006831089 }}</ref>
** Leicester Co-operative Hosiery Manufacturing Soc<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tennis in Leicester |url=https://leicestershire-tennis.co.uk/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=Leicestershire Tennis & Squash Club |language=en-GB}}</ref>iety organised.<ref>{{citation |title=History of the Leicester Co-operative Hosiery Manufacturing Society |year=1898 |publisher=Co-operative Printing Society |url=http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/006831089 }}</ref>
* 1877
* 1877
** The [[Wyggeston and Queen Elizabeth I College|Wyggeston Hospital School]] opened.<ref name="McKinley17" />
** The [[Wyggeston and Queen Elizabeth I College|Wyggeston Hospital School]] opened.<ref name="McKinley17" />
Line 244: Line 244:
** [[St Saviour's Church, Leicester|St Saviour’s Parish Church]] consecrated.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Consecration of St Saviour's Church |url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000173/18770623/070/0011 |newspaper=Leicester Chronicle |location=Leicester |date=23 June 1877 |access-date=27 July 2015 }}</ref>
** [[St Saviour's Church, Leicester|St Saviour’s Parish Church]] consecrated.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |title=Consecration of St Saviour's Church |url=http://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000173/18770623/070/0011 |newspaper=Leicester Chronicle |location=Leicester |date=23 June 1877 |access-date=27 July 2015 }}</ref>
* 1878 – [[Leicestershire County Cricket Club]]'s new ground at [[Grace Road]] opened<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-05-28 |title=History of Leicestershire CCC / History / About / L.C.C.C - Leicestershire County Cricket Club |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528011319/http://www.leicestershireccc.co.uk/lc/About/History/History-of-Leicestershire-CCC |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref>
* 1878 – [[Leicestershire County Cricket Club]]'s new ground at [[Grace Road]] opened<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-05-28 |title=History of Leicestershire CCC / History / About / L.C.C.C - Leicestershire County Cricket Club |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140528011319/http://www.leicestershireccc.co.uk/lc/About/History/History-of-Leicestershire-CCC |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=web.archive.org}}</ref>
* 1878 - Leicestershire Lawn Tennis Club Established [http://leicestershire-tennis.co.uk]
* 1878 - Leicestershire Lawn Tennis Club Established
* 1879 – The first municipal swimming baths open in Bath Lane.<ref name=McKinley13 />
* 1879 – The first municipal swimming baths open in Bath Lane.<ref name=McKinley13 />
===[[1880s]]===
===[[1880s]]===
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** Population: 174,624.<ref name=chambers1901 />
** Population: 174,624.<ref name=chambers1901 />
** [[Filbert Street]] stadium opened.
** [[Filbert Street]] stadium opened.
** [[Abbey Pumping Station]] in operation.[http://www.leicester.gov.uk/your-council-services/lc/leicester-city-museums/museums/abbey-pumping-station/]
** [[Abbey Pumping Station]] in operation.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leicester City Council |url=https://www.leicester.gov.uk/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=www.leicester.gov.uk |language=en}}</ref>
** The Borough of Leicester was greatly enlarged by the Leicester Extension Act, with the addition of Aylestone, Belgrave, Knighton, Newfoundpool and parts of Braunstone, Evington and Humberstone.<ref name=McKinley13 />
** The Borough of Leicester was greatly enlarged by the Leicester Extension Act, with the addition of Aylestone, Belgrave, Knighton, Newfoundpool and parts of Braunstone, Evington and Humberstone.<ref name=McKinley13 />
{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
{{sfn|Britannica|1910}}
* 1892
* 1892
** [[Leicester Tigers]] moved to their new home at [[Welford Road Stadium]][http://www.leicestertigers.com/club/history/milestones.php]
** [[Leicester Tigers]] moved to their new home at [[Welford Road Stadium]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=History |url=https://www.leicestertigers.com/club/history |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=Leicester Tigers |language=en}}</ref>
** London Road Station replaced Campbell Street Station.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Buildings of Leicestershire and Rutland|last=Pevsner|first=Nikolaus|publisher=Penguin|orig-date=1984 |year= 1992|isbn=014-071018-3|location=London|page=228}}</ref>
** London Road Station replaced Campbell Street Station.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Buildings of Leicestershire and Rutland|last=Pevsner|first=Nikolaus|publisher=Penguin|orig-date=1984 |year= 1992|isbn=014-071018-3|location=London|page=228}}</ref>
** Belgrave became part of Leicester<ref name=":0" />
** Belgrave became part of Leicester<ref name=":0" />
Line 316: Line 316:
** [[Leicester Athena|Odeon Cinema]] opened.
** [[Leicester Athena|Odeon Cinema]] opened.
=== [[1940s]]===
=== [[1940s]]===
* 1940 – Leicester suffered its worst air raid of World War II on the night of 19 November.[http://ww2today.com/19th-november-1940-leicester-hit-by-the-blitz]
* 1940 – Leicester suffered its worst air raid of World War II on the night of 19 November.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leicester hit by the Blitz |url=http://ww2today.com/19th-november-1940-leicester-hit-by-the-blitz |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210123193628/https://ww2today.com/19th-november-1940-leicester-hit-by-the-blitz |archive-date=January 23, 2021 |access-date=August 1, 2024 |website=World War II Today}}</ref>
* 1946 — King [[George VI]] and Queen [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Elizabeth]] made a state visit to Leicester on October 30th. The visit was part of a tour marking the end of World War II.<ref name="auto"/>
* 1946 — King [[George VI]] and Queen [[Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother|Elizabeth]] made a state visit to Leicester on October 30th. The visit was part of a tour marking the end of World War II.<ref name="auto"/>
* 1947 — [[University of Leicester Botanic Garden]] opened.
* 1947 — [[University of Leicester Botanic Garden]] opened.
Line 332: Line 332:
=== [[1970s]]===
=== [[1970s]]===
* 1970 – [[University of Leicester]]'s [[Attenborough Building]] constructed.
* 1970 – [[University of Leicester]]'s [[Attenborough Building]] constructed.
* 1972 – [[Abbey Pumping Station]] museum opened.[http://www.leicester.gov.uk/your-council-services/lc/leicester-city-museums/museums/abbey-pumping-station/]
* 1972 – [[Abbey Pumping Station]] museum opened.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Leicester City Council |url=https://www.leicester.gov.uk/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=www.leicester.gov.uk |language=en}}</ref>
* 1973
* 1973
** [[Haymarket Shopping Centre]] in business.
** [[Haymarket Shopping Centre]] in business.

Revision as of 16:58, 1 August 2024

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Leicester, the county town of Leicestershire, in England.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Prehistoric & Roman periods

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Prehistory

1st century CE (AD)

  • 44-46 – Roman Conquest of the area by Legio XIV Gemina under Aulus Plautius.[5]
  • c. 48-60 — The Corieltauvi become allied with Rome (approx. date):
    • Tribespeople were made Civitas Stipendaria of the Roman Empire.[6]
    • The gradually Romanising settlement of Ratae Corieltauvorum (meaning “Ramparts of the Corieltauvi”) was recognised as their regional capital. The plural conjugation of the name Ratae might have either referred to the different sided ramparts of a single oppidum or to the ramparts of several oppida surrounding the main one excavated east of the River Soar.[7]
  • c. 48 — The Fosse Way was constructed just to the north of the original Iron Age oppidum, perhaps initially as a defensive ditch. The northern most boundary of the first wave of Romano-British occupied territories, it came to be a major route of transportation connecting Lincoln to the north east and Cirencester, Bath, and Exeter to the south west. It was also came to act as the Decumanus Maximus (principal street running east to west) of the city of Ratae. Outside the city walls the Fosse way is the road northeast to Belgrave, Syston, and Melton (todays A46), and southwest to Coventry (todays B4455 and A429) until the mid 20th century. In the 18th and 19th the areas around the Fosse Way had been developed while the straight road was preserved as todays:
  • c. 51 — Watling Street constructed about 12 miles south of the city connecting Canterbury, London, and St Albans in the south east with Wroxeter in the north west, later extending to Chester. This road followed the route of today's A5 and marks the boarder between Leicestershire and Warwickshire.[8][9]
  • c. 70 — The Via Devana is gradually constructed connecting Ratae to the Roman capital Colchester in the south east and Chester in the north west vier Watling Street. This road eventually constituted the southern section of Ratae’s divided Cardo Maximus (principal street running north to south) connecting what is still Southgates with the old Forum (roughly todays Jubilee Square) vier Vaughan Way before joining the Fosse way in the western half of the Decumanus Maximus, exiting vier the former West Gates, and continuing towards Mancetter where it met Watling Street. To the south east it passed through Medbourne vier what is now:
  • c. 75-99 — A drainage ditch, most likely with a defensive rampart of some kind, was dug around an area north of the original Iron Age oppidum and a gridded network of streets was laid within it, including the Cardo Maximus and the Decumanus Maximus.[7] The boroughs boundaries will be set by these ditches with few changes until the 19th century.
    • The gates and tracks along the ditches outer edges have almost all survived as thoroughfares in the modern city. Working round the boundary, to and from the Victorian focal point the Haymarket Memorial Clock Tower, these include:
      • East Gates,
      • Gallowtree Gate,
      • Horsefair Street,
      • Southgates,
      • The Newarke, particularly the south wall of the 11th century Leicester Castle,
      • Castle Gardens,
      • St Nicholas Circle (old West Gates),
      • Bath Lane,
      • Soar Lane,
      • Northgate Street (old North Gates),
      • Sanvey Gate,
      • and Church Gate.[11]
    • Within the boundaries of the outer ditch a gridded network of streets (cardines southeast to northwest, and decumani southwest to northeast) were laid out, including the split Cardo Maximus and the continuous Decumanus Maximius. The route the Cardo Maximus followed is now:
      • South Gates, the southern entrance where a fortified gateway would later be constructed in the 3rd century;
      • Vaughan Way between South Gates and Jubilee square;
      • The short footpath continuous with Cary’s Cottage as far as Applegate (the route of the Decumanus, ie the Fosse Way);
      • The route of the present High Cross Street over Vaughn Way as far as Sanvey Gate where the northern gate would later be erected.
    • The Decumanus Maximius, following the route of the 48 AD Fosse Way, is now:
      • East Gates opposite the Haymarket and Belgrave Gate;
      • Silver Street;
      • Guildhall lane past Cary’s Cottage and Jubilee Square;
      • beneath St Nicolas Circle to the lost west gate around St Augustine’s Road.[11]

2nd century

  • c. 100-150 – Ratae develops into well established Municipium:
    • The Forum and Basilica complex were constructed on the north side of the Fosse Way (the Decumanus) and to the north east and west of the split Cardo (presently Vaughn Way to the south and High Cross Street to the north).[7] The site is now Jubilee Square.[10]
  • 122 — the Emperor Hadrian visited Ratae.[12]
  • c. 130 — Jewry Wall constructed.[13][14]
  • c. 150-200 – Ratae develops and grows wealthier:
    • Thermae (public bath house) constructed. Ruins preserved in the courtyard of the Jewry Wall Museum.[15]
    • The "Blackfriars Pavement" laid (approx. date).[16][17]
    • The "Peacock Pavement" laid (approx. date).[16]

3rd century

  • c. 220 — Macellum (indoor market) constructed adjacent to the Forum.[7]
  • c. 270 — City walls constructed in stone along the route of the earlier ditches (see entry for c. 80-99 AD above). Stone defensive structures remain until the 16th century and surviving stones can be seen reused in the wall between St Mary de Castro churchyard and the gardens of the Newarke Houses Museum.[18]

4th century

  • 360 — major fire destroyed the public baths and many other buildings never to be rebuilt.[19]

5th century

Medieval period

7th century

  • 680 — Cuthwine was installed as the first Anglo-Saxon Bishop of Leicester.

9th century

10th century

  • 971 — Bishops of Leicester in exile at Dorchester and Lindsey merged to form one bishopric.[21]

11th century

  • 1070 – The Norman Conquerors reached the city. Leicester Castle was built (approx. date).[13]
  • 1072 — The ancient bishopric of Dorchester, Leicester and Lindsey in exile, was moved to Lincoln under the new Norman bishop Remigius de Fécamp. Leicester and Leicestershires churches became part of the Diocese of Lincoln until 1541.[21]
  • 1086 — The Domesday Survey report on the town of Ledecestre (Leicester):
    • The walled town occupied 130 acres and had 322 houses.[24]
    • The walled town had 4 parish churches in addition to St Nicholas, 6 including those just outside the walls, of which 3 survive in some form today:
      • All Saints (on High Cross Street, the northern section of the old Roman cities split Cardo, the first church reached on entering the North Gate),
      • St Margaret's (just outside the north eastern corner of the walls at the crossroads of Sanvey Gate and Church Gate)
      • & St Martin's (constructed on Fosse Way, the cities old Decumanus, roughly midway between the East and West Gates).
    • And three parish churches which do not:
    • The town operated along principles of pre-conquest Anglo-Saxon and Danish law and authority.
      • There were 65 Burgesses or Freemen (the ancestor of the current Guild of Leicester Freemen) and the established core of the towns Burgher class.[27]
      • The town was governed by a Portmanmoot of 24 Jurats elected from among the Burgesses (the ancestor of the 1589 Corporation & the modern City Council).[27]
    • Leicester Market (known as the Saturday Shambles) was active.[28]

12th century

13th century

14th century

15th century

Early Modern period

16th century

17th century

18th century

  • 1708 — Great Meeting House constructed for the towns Protestant Dissenters on East Bond Street. Today Leicester Unitarian Chapel.[58]
  • 1717 — Last English witch trial conducted by Leicester Assizes. The two accused women were both acquitted by the jury who disregarded the testimony of 25 witnesses.[59][55]
  • 1751 – Leicester Journal newspaper began publication.[60]
  • 1770 – Daniel Lambert was born in Leicester [61]
  • 1771 – Leicester Royal Infirmary opened.[62]
  • 1773 – The High Cross in High Street was removed.[25]
  • 1785 – The Greencoat School was established with money left by Alderman Gabriel Newton .[51]
  • 1792 – Leicester Chronicle newspaper began publication.[63]
  • 1794 - The corporation sanctioned several fairs.[13]

19th century

1800s - 1810s

  • 1800 – Leicester Medical Book Society founded.[64]
  • 1801 – Population: 17,005.[65]
  • 1804 – The South Fields were enclosed.[30]
  • 1806 – Racecourse established.[65]
  • 1816 — James Towle, notable Luddite, was executed in the city on November 20th. Two more Luddites were executed the following year.[66]
  • 1817 – Leicester Savings Bank established.[37]

1820s

1830s

1840s

  • 1840 ---The Midland Counties Railway from Derby to Rugby opened, with a station at Campbell Street, Leicester.[75]
  • 1845 – Particular Baptist Chapel opened.[35]
  • 1849

1850s

1860s

1870s

1880s

1890s

  • 1890 - Church of the Martyrs on Westcotes Drive was consecrated.[95]
  • 1891
    • Population: 174,624.[65]
    • Filbert Street stadium opened.
    • Abbey Pumping Station in operation.[96]
    • The Borough of Leicester was greatly enlarged by the Leicester Extension Act, with the addition of Aylestone, Belgrave, Knighton, Newfoundpool and parts of Braunstone, Evington and Humberstone.[72]

[13]

20th century

1900s

1910s

  • 1911 — ‘Great Fire of Leicester’ - Church of St. George the Martyr & surrounding factories (todays Cultural Quarter) gutted by fire on October 5th & subsequently rebuilt.[104][105]
  • 1913 – De Montfort Hall opened.
  • 1918-1919 - the Spanish Influenza epidemic killed approximately 1600 people in Leicester.[106]
  • 1919
    • King George V and Queen Mary made a state visit the city on 10th June.[107]
    • Leicester granted city status in the aftermath of the Royal visit in June. It was seen as a restoration of the historic city status held during Roman times.[72][107]

1920s

1930s

  • 1932 – The Little Theatre opened in Dover Street.
  • 1935 – Humberstone, Knighton, New Parks and Beaumont Leys were absorbed into the city of Leicester.[31][99]
  • 1936
    • The city boundaries were further extended to include most of Evington [99]
    • Odeon Cinema opened.

1940s

1950s

1960s

1970s

1980s

1990s

21st century

See also

Notes

  1. ^ the same as 'A merchant's servant burned at Leicester' and the same as 'the yong man at Leicester'

References

  1. ^ Galfridus Monemutensis [Geoffrey of Monmouth]. Historia Regum Britanniæ. c. 1136. (in Latin) J.A. Giles & al. (trans.) as History of the Kings of Britain in Six Old English Chronicles. 1842. Hosted at Wikisource. Book 2, Chapter XI 11. https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Six_Old_English_Chronicles/Geoffrey%27s_British_History/Book_2 .
  2. ^ Iron Age Leicester|https://www.dmu.ac.uk/About-DMU/DMU-Museum/blog-article.aspx?entryId=dd263619-36ee-4ac5-a42f-91bb2ead909f
  3. ^ a b Savani, Giacomo (2018). Roman Leicester. University of Leicester. p. 15.
  4. ^ Iron Age Mint|https://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=MLC2442&resourceID=106
  5. ^ Blank, Elizabeth (1970). A Guide to Leicestershire Archaeology. Leicester Museums.
  6. ^ Savani, Giacomo (2018). Roman Leicester. University of Leicester.
  7. ^ a b c d Savani, Giacomo (2018). Roman Leicester. University of Leicester. pp. 30, 34.
  8. ^ a b c Hoskins, W (1957). Leicestershire: an illustrated essay on the history of the landscape. London: Houghton & Stoughton. pp. 24–26.
  9. ^ a b c Savani, Giacomo (2018). Roman Leicester. University of Leicester. pp. 29–30.
  10. ^ a b Friends of Jewry Wall Museum (2021). "Roman Leicester Walking Tour" (PDF).
  11. ^ a b c Friends of Jewry Wall Museum (2021). "Roman Leicester Walking Tour" (PDF).
  12. ^ "Ancient Ratae, City on the Soar". 22 August 2017.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Britannica 1910.
  14. ^ The Jewry Wall Leicester City Council
  15. ^ "The Bath Site - Leicester City Council". web.archive.org. 22 September 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  16. ^ a b Johnson, Peter (1980). The Mosaics of Roman Leicester.
  17. ^ "Leicestershire Archaeological and Historical Society - LAHS". lahs.org.uk. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  18. ^ Savani, Giacomo (2018). Roman Leicester. University of Leicester. p. 35.
  19. ^ The Jewry Wall|https://jewrywallstory.leicester.gov.uk/guide/the-jewry-wall/
  20. ^ Bourne, Jill (1996). Anglo-Saxons landscapes in the East Midlands. Leicester: Leicestershire Museums Arts and Records Service. ISBN 0-85022-394-6.
  21. ^ a b c Kirby, D. P (2000). The Earliest English Kings. New York: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-24211-8.
  22. ^ a b "Leicester's History Headlines". Around Leicester. BBC. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
  23. ^ George Henry Townsend (1867), "Leicester", A Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
  24. ^ a b McKinley, R. A. (1958). "6 "Political and administrative history, 1066-1509"". A History of the County of Leicester. Vol. 4: The City of Leicester. ISBN 978-0-7129-1044-6.
  25. ^ a b McKinley, R. A. (1958). "24 "The Ancient Borough – St Margaret's"". A History of the County of Leicester. Vol. 4: The City of Leicester. ISBN 978-0-7129-1044-6.
  26. ^ a b c d McKinley, R.A. (1958). "26 "The Ancient Borough – St Martin's"". A History of the County of Leicester. Vol. 4: The City of Leicester. ISBN 978-0-7129-1044-6.
  27. ^ a b c History of the Freemen of Leicester|https://www.leicesterfreemen.co.uk/history
  28. ^ a b Samantha Letters (2005), "Leicestershire", Gazetteer of Markets and Fairs in England and Wales to 1516, Institute of Historical Research, Centre for Metropolitan History
  29. ^ "History". Leicester: St. Mary de Castro. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
  30. ^ a b c d e McKinley, R.A. (1958). "26 "The Ancient Borough – St Mary's"". A History of the County of Leicester. Vol. 4: The City of Leicester. ISBN 978-0-7129-1044-6.
  31. ^ a b c d e McKinley, R. A. (1958). "42 "Parishes added since 1892 – North-west Leicester"". A History of the County of Leicester. Vol. 4: The City of Leicester. ISBN 978-0-7129-1044-6.
  32. ^ "The Story of Leicester". www.storyofleicester.info. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  33. ^ C.J. Billson, Medieval Leicester, (1920), Chapter 6, Section 1, On the Church of St. Clement. https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Mediaeval_Leicester/Chapter_6 | “”
  34. ^ "Simon de Montfort - the origin of our name".
  35. ^ a b c "Leicester", Black's Guide to the Counties of Leicester & Rutland, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black, 1884
  36. ^ a b c d McKinley, R.A. (1958). "22 "The Ancient Borough – The Newarke"". A History of the County of Leicester. Vol. 4: The City of Leicester. pp. 328–335. ISBN 978-0-7129-1044-6.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h James Thompson (1876). History of Leicester (Pocket ed.). F. Hewitt.
  38. ^ "The Guild - Leicester City Council". web.archive.org. 10 March 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  39. ^ "Colleges: College of the Annunciation of St Mary in the Newarke, Leicester | British History Online".
  40. ^ Foxes Book of Martyrs. Vol. 3. 1837.
  41. ^ "Leicester City Council". www.leicester.gov.uk. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  42. ^ "Architecture of The Guildhall - Leicester City Council". web.archive.org. 17 February 2014. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  43. ^ "Houses of Augustinian canons: Leicester Abbey". Victoria County History: A History of the County of Leicestershire. Vol. 2. London. 1954. pp. 13–19.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  44. ^ Kempe, Margery (1985). The Book of Margery Kemp, Book I, Chapters 46-49. Penguin. ISBN 0-85372-162-9.
  45. ^ "The Story of Leicester".
  46. ^ Woodward, G.W.O. (1977). King Richard III. Pitkin. ISBN 0-85372-162-9.
  47. ^ Williams, D.T. (1975). The Battle of Bosworth. Leicester University Press. ISBN 0-7185-1113-1.
  48. ^ "Leicester City Council". www.leicester.gov.uk. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  49. ^ Kinney, Arthur F; Swain, David W; Hill, Eugene D.; Long, William A. (2000). Tudor England: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 132. ISBN 9781136745300.
  50. ^ a b Nichols, John. History & Antiquities of Leicestershire, Volume 1.2, (1815), Pages 295-302, On the Orders of Mendicant Friars in Leicester. https://specialcollections.le.ac.uk/digital/collection/p15407coll6/id/3461 | “”
  51. ^ a b c d e McKinley, R.A. (1958). "17 "Primary and Secondary Education"". A History of the County of Leicester. Vol. 4: The City of Leicester. ISBN 978-0-7129-1044-6.
  52. ^ a b Kinney, Arthur F; Swain, David W; Hill, Eugene D.; Long, William A. (2000). Tudor England: An Encyclopedia. Routledge. ISBN 9781136745300.
  53. ^ Foxe, John (1563). Foxes Book of Martyrs (Acts and Monuments).
  54. ^ "Leicester City Council". www.leicester.gov.uk. Retrieved 1 August 2024.
  55. ^ a b Chris Jones 2020 account of the trials |https://www.leicestermercury.co.uk/news/local-news/leicestershires-notorious-witchcraft-trial-saw-4642092
  56. ^ a b Wilshere, Jonathan; Green, Susan (1972). The Siege of Leicester – 1645. Leicester Research Services.
  57. ^ McKinley, R.A. (1958). "8 "Political and Administrative History, 1509-1660"". A History of the County of Leicester. Vol. 4: The City of Leicester.
  58. ^ "The Story of Leicester".
  59. ^ Review of a book on the last English witch trials mentioning the case|https://www.counterfire.org/article/the-last-witches-of-england-a-tragedy-of-sorcery-and-superstition-book-review/#:~:text=At%20the%20last%20trial%20for,25%20witnesses%20asserting%20their%20guilt.
  60. ^ "Leicester". Newspaper Press Directory. London: Charles Mitchell. 1847.
  61. ^ Seccombe, Thomas (2004). "Daniel Lambert". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/15932. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) (subscription or UK public library membership required)
  62. ^ McKinley, R. A. (1958). "34 "Hospitals and Almshouses"". A History of the County of Leicester. Vol. 4: The City of Leicester. ISBN 978-0-7129-1044-6.
  63. ^ "Leicester (England) Newspapers". Main Catalogue. British Library. Retrieved 7 September 2013.
  64. ^ a b University Library, Special Collections. "A-Z of All Collections". University of Leicester. Retrieved 8 September 2013.
  65. ^ a b c d e f "Leicester", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901
  66. ^ |title = James Towle|https://www.nottingham.ac.uk/manuscriptsandspecialcollections/learning/biographies/jamestowle(d1816).aspx
  67. ^ McKinley, R.A. (1958). "10 "Parliamentary history, 1660-1835"". A History of the County of Leicester. Vol. 4: The City of Leicester. ISBN 978-0-7129-1044-6.
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Further reading

Published in the 18th century

Published in the 19th century

1800s–1840s

1850s–1890s

Published in the 20th century

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