Cardinal electors in the 2013 papal conclave: Difference between revisions
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Four cardinal-electors came from the [[Eastern Catholic Churches]], the biggest number up to that point since 1939 when [[Ignatius Gabriel I Tappouni]], Patriarch of the [[Syrian Catholic Church]] participated as a cardinal-elector in the [[papal conclave, 1939|conclave of 1939]]{{efn|The 1939 conclave had one Eastern Catholic cardinal-elector (Cardinal Tappouni); the conclaves of 1958, 1963, and 1978 (both August and October) had two Eastern Catholic cardinal-electors each and the 2005 conclave had three Eastern Catholic cardinal-electors.}} having been created a cardinal with the title of Cardinal-Priest of ''Ss. XII Apostoli'' in 1935.{{efn|Prior to Patriarch Tappouni, the last Patriarch of a ''sui iuris'' Eastern Catholic Church who was made cardinal was the Patriarch of the Armenian Catholic Church Andon Bedros Hassoun who was made cardinal-priest of ''Ss. Vitale, Gervasio e Protasio'' by Pope Leo XIII on December 16, 1880<ref name=Hassoun>{{cite web|url=http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1880.htm#Hassoun|title=HASSOUN, Andon Bedros|last=Miranda|first=Salvador|publisher=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church|accessdate=21 February 2014}}</ref> and the last Eastern Catholic prelate to be elevated to the College of Cardinals was [[Sylvester Sembratovych]], archbishop of the [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]] who was made Cardinal-Priest of ''[[Santo Stefano al Monte Celio]]'' by [[Pope Leo XIII]] on November 29, 1895.<ref name=Sembratovich>{{cite web|url=http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1895.htm#Sembratowicz|title=SEMBRATOWICZ, Sylwester|last=Miranda|first=Salvador|publisher=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church|accessdate=21 February 2014}}</ref> Both Hassoun and Sembratovych died before having an opportunity to participate in a conclave.}} The four Eastern Catholic cardinal-electors at the 2013 conclave were [[Coptic Catholic Church|Coptic Catholic]] [[List of Coptic Catholic Patriarchs of Alexandria|Patriarch-Emeritus]] [[Antonios Naguib]], [[Maronite Church|Maronite]] [[List of Maronite Patriarchs|Patriarch]] [[Bechara Boutros al-Rahi]],{{efn|His name is also sometimes listed as Béchara Boutros Raï}} [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church|Syro-Malabar]] [[List of Major Archbishops of Ernakulam-Angamaly|Major Archbishop]] [[George Alencherry]] and [[Syro-Malankara Catholic Church|Syro-Malankara]] [[List of Major Archbishops of Thiruvananthapuram|Major Archbishop]] [[Baselios Cleemis|Baselios Cleemis Thottunkal]].<ref name="Salvador Miranda"/><ref name="Cardinal electors arranged by age"/>{{efn|His name is sometimes also shortened to Baselios Cleemis}} |
Four cardinal-electors came from the [[Eastern Catholic Churches]], the biggest number up to that point since 1939 when [[Ignatius Gabriel I Tappouni]], Patriarch of the [[Syrian Catholic Church]] participated as a cardinal-elector in the [[papal conclave, 1939|conclave of 1939]]{{efn|The 1939 conclave had one Eastern Catholic cardinal-elector (Cardinal Tappouni); the conclaves of 1958, 1963, and 1978 (both August and October) had two Eastern Catholic cardinal-electors each and the 2005 conclave had three Eastern Catholic cardinal-electors.}} having been created a cardinal with the title of Cardinal-Priest of ''Ss. XII Apostoli'' in 1935.{{efn|Prior to Patriarch Tappouni, the last Patriarch of a ''sui iuris'' Eastern Catholic Church who was made cardinal was the Patriarch of the Armenian Catholic Church Andon Bedros Hassoun who was made cardinal-priest of ''Ss. Vitale, Gervasio e Protasio'' by Pope Leo XIII on December 16, 1880<ref name=Hassoun>{{cite web|url=http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1880.htm#Hassoun|title=HASSOUN, Andon Bedros|last=Miranda|first=Salvador|publisher=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church|accessdate=21 February 2014}}</ref> and the last Eastern Catholic prelate to be elevated to the College of Cardinals was [[Sylvester Sembratovych]], archbishop of the [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church]] who was made Cardinal-Priest of ''[[Santo Stefano al Monte Celio]]'' by [[Pope Leo XIII]] on November 29, 1895.<ref name=Sembratovich>{{cite web|url=http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1895.htm#Sembratowicz|title=SEMBRATOWICZ, Sylwester|last=Miranda|first=Salvador|publisher=The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church|accessdate=21 February 2014}}</ref> Both Hassoun and Sembratovych died before having an opportunity to participate in a conclave.}} The four Eastern Catholic cardinal-electors at the 2013 conclave were [[Coptic Catholic Church|Coptic Catholic]] [[List of Coptic Catholic Patriarchs of Alexandria|Patriarch-Emeritus]] [[Antonios Naguib]], [[Maronite Church|Maronite]] [[List of Maronite Patriarchs|Patriarch]] [[Bechara Boutros al-Rahi]],{{efn|His name is also sometimes listed as Béchara Boutros Raï}} [[Syro-Malabar Catholic Church|Syro-Malabar]] [[List of Major Archbishops of Ernakulam-Angamaly|Major Archbishop]] [[George Alencherry]] and [[Syro-Malankara Catholic Church|Syro-Malankara]] [[List of Major Archbishops of Thiruvananthapuram|Major Archbishop]] [[Baselios Cleemis|Baselios Cleemis Thottunkal]].<ref name="Salvador Miranda"/><ref name="Cardinal electors arranged by age"/>{{efn|His name is sometimes also shortened to Baselios Cleemis}} |
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Two of these cardinals were the first from their ''sui iuris'' churches ever to participate in a papal conclave: [[Bechara Boutros al-Rahi|Béchara Boutros Raï]], [[List of Maronite Patriarchs|Patriarch of Antioch]] of the [[Maronite Church]]<ref>{{cite news|title=No Arab in the running for Pope, but Maronite to get vote for first time|url=http://www.albawaba.com/news/pope-resignation-470103|accessdate=20 August 2013|newspaper=Al Bawaba News|date=12 February 2013}}</ref>{{efn|Raï is the fourth Maronite Cardinal-Bishop Patriarch. His three predecessors turned 80 before having the opportunity to participate in a conclave.}} and [[Baselios Cleemis]], [[Major archbishop|Major-Archbishop]] of Trivandrum of the [[Syro-Malankara Catholic Church|Syro-Malankara Church]], the first bishop from the Syro-Malankara Church to be created cardinal.<ref>{{cite news|title=Moran Mor Baselios Cardinal Cleemis left for Rome|url=http://news.catholicate.net/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsType=News&ID=221|accessdate=20 August 2013|newspaper=Malankara Catholic News|date=28 February 2013}}</ref> Baselios Cleemis was also the youngest cardinal-elector and the youngest member of the College of Cardinals.<ref name="Cardinal electors arranged by age"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/birth.htm|title=Living cardinals arranged by date of birth |publisher=Salvador Miranda |accessdate=2 September 2013}}</ref> |
Two of these cardinals were the first from their ''sui iuris'' churches ever to participate in a papal conclave: [[Bechara Boutros al-Rahi|Béchara Boutros Raï]], [[List of Maronite Patriarchs|Patriarch of Antioch]] of the [[Maronite Church]]<ref>{{cite news|title=No Arab in the running for Pope, but Maronite to get vote for first time|url=http://www.albawaba.com/news/pope-resignation-470103|accessdate=20 August 2013|newspaper=Al Bawaba News|date=12 February 2013}}</ref>{{efn|Raï is the fourth Maronite Cardinal-Bishop Patriarch. His three predecessors turned 80 before having the opportunity to participate in a conclave.}} and [[Baselios Cleemis]], [[Major archbishop|Major-Archbishop]] of Trivandrum of the [[Syro-Malankara Catholic Church|Syro-Malankara Church]], the first bishop from the Syro-Malankara Church to be created cardinal.<ref>{{cite news|title=Moran Mor Baselios Cardinal Cleemis left for Rome |url=http://news.catholicate.net/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsType=News&ID=221 |accessdate=20 August 2013 |newspaper=Malankara Catholic News |date=28 February 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130927203342/http://news.catholicate.net/NewsDetails.aspx?NewsType=News&ID=221 |archivedate=27 September 2013 |df= }}</ref> Baselios Cleemis was also the youngest cardinal-elector and the youngest member of the College of Cardinals.<ref name="Cardinal electors arranged by age"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/birth.htm|title=Living cardinals arranged by date of birth |publisher=Salvador Miranda |accessdate=2 September 2013}}</ref> |
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In addition to those listed below, an additional [[Cardinals over the age of 80 in Papal conclave, 2013|90 living cardinals]] were excluded from the conclave by reason of age. The youngest of these, [[Lubomyr Husar]] of Ukraine, turned 80 only two days before the pope's resignation took effect. He is only seven days older than [[Walter Kasper]] of Germany, the oldest eligible cardinal elector in the conclave. Kasper in fact turned 80 shortly before the conclave started, but as he had been summoned to be an elector before that, he was not excluded. |
In addition to those listed below, an additional [[Cardinals over the age of 80 in Papal conclave, 2013|90 living cardinals]] were excluded from the conclave by reason of age. The youngest of these, [[Lubomyr Husar]] of Ukraine, turned 80 only two days before the pope's resignation took effect. He is only seven days older than [[Walter Kasper]] of Germany, the oldest eligible cardinal elector in the conclave. Kasper in fact turned 80 shortly before the conclave started, but as he had been summoned to be an elector before that, he was not excluded. |
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Revision as of 02:51, 15 November 2016
The cardinal electors eligible to participate at the 2013 papal conclave are those cardinals under the age of 80 before the resignation of Pope Benedict XVI took effect on 28 February 2013. On March 13, 2013, the electors named Jorge Mario Cardinal Bergoglio as Pope, taking the name Francis.
List of attending cardinal electors
The following is a list of cardinal electors eligible and participating in the conclave.[1][2][3][4] Cardinals are ranked in order of precedence, with cardinal bishops having highest precedence, followed by cardinal priests, then cardinal deacons; precedence within each group is determined by date of elevation to the cardinalate. Within the group of cardinal-bishops, precedence is determined by the date they were promoted to cardinal-bishops which may or may not be the same as the date of elevation to the cardinalate. Also within the order of cardinal-bishops the cardinals with title to the suburbicarian sees take precedence followed by the patriarchs of sui iuris Eastern Catholic Churches whose patriarchal sees serve as their cardinalatial sees.[a]
Four cardinal-electors came from the Eastern Catholic Churches, the biggest number up to that point since 1939 when Ignatius Gabriel I Tappouni, Patriarch of the Syrian Catholic Church participated as a cardinal-elector in the conclave of 1939[b] having been created a cardinal with the title of Cardinal-Priest of Ss. XII Apostoli in 1935.[c] The four Eastern Catholic cardinal-electors at the 2013 conclave were Coptic Catholic Patriarch-Emeritus Antonios Naguib, Maronite Patriarch Bechara Boutros al-Rahi,[d] Syro-Malabar Major Archbishop George Alencherry and Syro-Malankara Major Archbishop Baselios Cleemis Thottunkal.[2][3][e]
Two of these cardinals were the first from their sui iuris churches ever to participate in a papal conclave: Béchara Boutros Raï, Patriarch of Antioch of the Maronite Church[9][f] and Baselios Cleemis, Major-Archbishop of Trivandrum of the Syro-Malankara Church, the first bishop from the Syro-Malankara Church to be created cardinal.[10] Baselios Cleemis was also the youngest cardinal-elector and the youngest member of the College of Cardinals.[3][11]
In addition to those listed below, an additional 90 living cardinals were excluded from the conclave by reason of age. The youngest of these, Lubomyr Husar of Ukraine, turned 80 only two days before the pope's resignation took effect. He is only seven days older than Walter Kasper of Germany, the oldest eligible cardinal elector in the conclave. Kasper in fact turned 80 shortly before the conclave started, but as he had been summoned to be an elector before that, he was not excluded.
Non-attending cardinal electors
The following is a list of cardinal electors eligible to participate in the conclave but who did not attend.
| No[2] | Name[1] | Date of Birth[3] | Country | Office[1] | Rank[1] | Reason cited for not attending |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Julius Darmaatmadja | 20 December 1934 |  Indonesia |
Archbishop emeritus of Jakarta | Cardinal-Priest | Ill health and failing eyesight.[12] |
| 2 | Keith O'Brien | 17 March 1938 |  Scotland |
Archbishop emeritus of Saint Andrews and Edinburgh | Cardinal-Priest | Resigned his see because he admitted unchastity as a priest; desired not to be a distraction[13][14] |
Number of cardinal electors by country
 Cardinal-electors by continent | |
Italy
|
28 |
Rest of Europe
|
32 |
North America
|
20 |
South America
|
13 |
Africa
|
11 |
Asia and Oceania
|
11 |
| Total Electors | 115 |
|---|---|
| Not attending | |
| Pope emeritus | Benedict XVI |
| New pope | Francis |
 | |
| Country | Number of Electors |
|---|---|
| Italy | 28 |
| United States | 11 |
| Germany | 6 |
| Spain | 5 |
| India | 5 |
| Brazil | 5 |
| France | 4 |
| Poland | 4 |
| Mexico | 3 |
| Canada | 3 |
| Portugal | 2 |
| Nigeria | 2 |
| Argentina | 2 |
| Australia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Chile, Congo, Colombia, Croatia, Cuba, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, Ghana, Guinea, Honduras, Hong Kong, Hungary, Ireland, Kenya, Lebanon, Lithuania, Netherlands, Peru, Philippines, Senegal, Slovenia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Switzerland, Tanzania, Venezuela, Vietnam |
1 from each (35 total) |
| Total | 115 |
Notes
- ^ On February 11, 1965 Pope Paul VI decreed in his motu propio Ad Purpuratorum Patrum that Eastern Patriarchs who are elevated to the College of Cardinals would be made cardinal bishops, ranked after the suburbicarian cardinal-bishops, but not part of the Roman clergy and would not be assigned any Roman church or deaconry, their patriarchal see instead becoming their cardinalatial see.[5] This rule was confirmed by Pope John Paul II in the Code of Canon Law of 1983 Canon 350 §3.[6] Prior to this decree, Eastern Catholic patriarchs who were elevated to the cardinalate were given a titular Roman church or deaconry like any other cardinal. Eastern Catholic patriarchs who were elevated to the cardinalate prior to the 1965 decree were Armenian Catholic Patriarch Andon Bedros Hassoun (1880), Syrian Catholic Patriarch Ignatius Gabriel I Tappouni (1935) and Armenian Catholic Patriarch Grégoire-Pierre Agagianian (1946).
- ^ The 1939 conclave had one Eastern Catholic cardinal-elector (Cardinal Tappouni); the conclaves of 1958, 1963, and 1978 (both August and October) had two Eastern Catholic cardinal-electors each and the 2005 conclave had three Eastern Catholic cardinal-electors.
- ^ Prior to Patriarch Tappouni, the last Patriarch of a sui iuris Eastern Catholic Church who was made cardinal was the Patriarch of the Armenian Catholic Church Andon Bedros Hassoun who was made cardinal-priest of Ss. Vitale, Gervasio e Protasio by Pope Leo XIII on December 16, 1880[7] and the last Eastern Catholic prelate to be elevated to the College of Cardinals was Sylvester Sembratovych, archbishop of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church who was made Cardinal-Priest of Santo Stefano al Monte Celio by Pope Leo XIII on November 29, 1895.[8] Both Hassoun and Sembratovych died before having an opportunity to participate in a conclave.
- ^ His name is also sometimes listed as Béchara Boutros Raï
- ^ His name is sometimes also shortened to Baselios Cleemis
- ^ Raï is the fourth Maronite Cardinal-Bishop Patriarch. His three predecessors turned 80 before having the opportunity to participate in a conclave.
References
- ^ a b c d "Cardinal electors – Conclave of March 2013 – Arranged in alphabetical order". Salvador Miranda. Retrieved 18 February 2013.
- ^ a b c "Cardinal electors arranged by orders and precedence". Salvador Miranda. Retrieved 18 February 2013.
- ^ a b c d "Cardinal electors arranged by age". Salvador Miranda. Retrieved 18 February 2013.
- ^ "Conclave of March 2013". Salvador Miranda. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
- ^ "Ad Purpuratorum Patrum". The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Retrieved 2013-05-27.
- ^ 1983 Code of Canon Law - Canon 350 §3
- ^ Miranda, Salvador. "HASSOUN, Andon Bedros". The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
- ^ Miranda, Salvador. "SEMBRATOWICZ, Sylwester". The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
- ^ "No Arab in the running for Pope, but Maronite to get vote for first time". Al Bawaba News. 12 February 2013. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
- ^ "Moran Mor Baselios Cardinal Cleemis left for Rome". Malankara Catholic News. 28 February 2013. Archived from the original on 27 September 2013. Retrieved 20 August 2013.
{{cite news}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Living cardinals arranged by date of birth". Salvador Miranda. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
- ^ "Conclave, Cardinal Darmaatmadja renounces for "health reasons"". Asia News. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
- ^ "Cardinal Keith O'Brien resigns, will not go to conclave". Catholic News Agency. Retrieved 25 February 2013.
- ^ Jerome Taylor (2013-03-04). "Catholic Church scandal: Cardinal O'Brien faces Vatican sexual conduct inquiry as he asks forgiveness of those he 'offended'". Independent.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-03-12.
- ^ "Resources on current eligible papal electors". Canonlaw.info. Retrieved 2013-03-12.
- ^ Hariyadi, Mathias (21 February 2013). "Conclave, Cardinal Darmaatmadja Renounces for 'Health Reasons'". AsiaNews. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
- ^ Holden, Michael (25 February 2013). "Britain's Top Catholic Cleric Resigns, Won't Elect New Pope". Reuters. Retrieved 28 February 2013.
