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!OECD Population (2014) <ref name="OEDC Populations in cities"/>
!OECD Population (2014) <ref name="OEDC Populations in cities"/>
!Eurostat Population (2006)<ref>[[European Spatial Planning Observation Network]], [http://www.espon.eu/export/sites/default/Documents/Projects/ESPON2006Projects/StudiesScientificSupportProjects/UrbanFunctions/fr-1.4.3_April2007-final.pdf Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3)], Final Report, Chapter 3, (ESPON, 2007)</ref>
!Eurostat Population (2006)<ref>[[European Spatial Planning Observation Network]], [http://www.espon.eu/export/sites/default/Documents/Projects/ESPON2006Projects/StudiesScientificSupportProjects/UrbanFunctions/fr-1.4.3_April2007-final.pdf Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3)], Final Report, Chapter 3, (ESPON, 2007)</ref>
!Eurostat Population (2014)<ref>[http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do Eurostat]</ref>
!Eurostat Population (2014)<ref>[http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do Eurostat] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006122431/http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do |date= 6 October 2014 }}</ref>
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==Urban Audit==
==Urban Audit==
Eurostat's Urban Audit is about much more than demographics. In order for it to be useful as a policy tool to the European Commission and other authorities it contains data for over 250 indicators across the following domains:<ref name="wrongf">{{cite news |publisher = European Commission |year = 2006|url = http://www.urbanaudit.org/index.aspx|title = Urban Audit }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.staedtestatistik.de/fileadmin/urban-audit/pdf/EU_stateofcities_2007.pdf |title=State of European Cities Report |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2011-04-29}}</ref>
Eurostat's Urban Audit is about much more than demographics. In order for it to be useful as a policy tool to the European Commission and other authorities it contains data for over 250 indicators across the following domains:<ref name="wrongf">{{cite news|publisher=European Commission |year=2006 |url=http://www.urbanaudit.org/index.aspx |title=Urban Audit |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130531065821/http://www.urbanaudit.org/index.aspx |archivedate=31 May 2013 |df= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.staedtestatistik.de/fileadmin/urban-audit/pdf/EU_stateofcities_2007.pdf |title=State of European Cities Report |format=PDF |date= |accessdate=2011-04-29}}</ref>


* Demography
* Demography

Revision as of 16:53, 11 May 2017

The larger urban zone (LUZ), or Functional Urban Area (FUA), is a measure of the population and expanse of metropolitan areas in Europe and OECD countries.[1] It consists of a city and its commuting zone.[2]

The definition was introduced in 2004 by Eurostat, the statistical agency of the European Union (EU), in agreement with the national statistics offices in the member states.[3][4] Eurostat data is provided on cities in the EU, its candidate countries and EFTA countries. Several cities were excluded by definition from the 2004 list of LUZs on technical, definitional grounds, such as the coincidence of the metropolitan area with the urban zone.[5][6][7]

The LUZ represents an attempt at a harmonised definition of the metropolitan area. Eurostat's objective was to have an area from which a significant share of the residents commute into the city, a concept known as the "functional urban region." To ensure a good data availability, Eurostat adjusts the LUZ boundaries to administrative boundaries that approximate the functional urban region.

In 2006 LUZ definitions were changed significantly, improving the comparability of LUZ definitions across different countries, and allowing for almost all cities to be included.

List of larger urban zones

This is a list of larger urban zones. The Urban Audit also includes cities from EFTA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland) and EU candidate countries. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) uses a similar definition of Functional Urban Area to represent population sizes of cities in OECD countries.[8] This data is also included.

The figures in the Eurostat database are an attempt at a compromise between harmonised data for all of the European Union, and with availability of statistical data, making comparisons more accurate.[9]

  Areas within the European Union
Larger urban zone Country OECD Population (2014) [8] Eurostat Population (2006)[10] Eurostat Population (2014)[11]
Adelaide  Australia 1,304,631 No data No data
Aguascalientes  Mexico 1,055,539 No data No data
Amsterdam metropolitan area  Netherlands 2,452,659 2,497,000[a] 2,437,114
Antwerp  Belgium 1,081,904 1,406,000[b] 998,211
Athens  Greece 3,535,055 3,761,000 3,863,763
Atlanta  United States 4,762,159 No data No data
Austin  United States 1,958,079 No data No data
Baltimore  United States 1,996,200 No data No data
Barcelona metropolitan area  Spain 3,846,697 4,082,000[c] 5,445,616
Berlin  Germany 4,399,542 4,016,000 5,005,216
Bilbao  Spain 1,013,805 947,000 1,025,109
Birmingham (West Midlands)  United Kingdom 1,957,078 3,701,107 2,332,629
Bordeaux  France 1,175,699 No data No data
Boston  United States 3,684,250 No data No data
Bremen  Germany 1,027,192 1,077,000 1,244,363
Brisbane  Australia 2,274,560 No data No data
Greater Bristol  United Kingdom 836,621 1,041,000 1,090,080
Brussels-Capital Region  Belgium 2,588,102 2,639,000[b] 2,967,513
Bucharest metropolitan area  Romania No data 2,158,558 2,403,107
Budapest metropolitan area  Hungary 2,879,601 2,523,000 2,971,246
Buffalo  United States 1,121,972 No data No data
Busan  South Korea 3,432,960 No data No data
Calgary  Canada 1,417,661 No data No data
Cardiff  United Kingdom 664,861 1,097,000 1,085,526
Charlotte  United States 1,474,164 No data No data
Chicago  United States 9,655,015 No data No data
Cincinnati  United States 2,165,678 No data No data
Clearwater-St. Petersburg  United States 1,438,208 No data No data
Cleveland  United States 1,468,288 No data No data
Columbus  United States 1,970,809 No data No data
Copenhagen  Denmark 2,025,171 1,881,000[d] 1,893,010
Daegu  South Korea 2,731,064 No data No data
Daejeon  South Korea 1,676,167 No data No data
Dallas  United States 4,547,218 No data No data
Denver  United States 2,832,325 No data No data
Detroit  United States 3,801,161 No data No data
Dublin Metropolitan Area  Ireland 1,836,119 1,261,332 1,263,035
Edmonton  Canada 1,283,049 No data No data
Fort Worth  United States 2,107,791 No data No data
Frankfurt/Rhine-Main Region  Germany 2,533,311 2,764,000[e] 2,573,745
Fresno  United States 1,152,979 No data No data
Fukuoka  Japan 2,599,911 No data No data
Gdansk  Poland 1,105,467 No data No data
Greater Glasgow  United Kingdom 967,101 1,395,000 1,789,003
Guadalajara  Mexico 4,905,204 No data No data
Gwangju  South Korea 1,668,574 No data No data
The Hague  Netherlands 906,897 1,404,000[a] No data
Hamburg Metropolitan Region  Germany 3,008,841 2,983,000 3,173,871
Hanover  Germany 1,217,511 No data No data
Helsinki Metropolitan Area  Finland 1,498,050 1,285,000 1,532,309
Hiroshima  Japan 1,419,358 No data No data
Houston  United States 6,519,358 No data No data
Indianapolis  United States 1,769,561 No data No data
Jacksonville  United States 1,452,647 No data No data
Juarez  Mexico 1,417,787 No data No data
Kansas City  United States 2,098,357 No data No data
Katowice metropolitan area  Poland 2,589,349 3,029,000[f] 2,743,929
Kitakyushu  Japan 1,155,450 No data No data
Kraków metropolitan area  Poland 1,362,740 1,236,000 1,276,438
Las Vegas  United States 2,293,610 No data No data
West Yorkshire (Bradford - Leeds)  United Kingdom 1,774,552[g] 2,302,000 2,238,127
Leon  Mexico 1,775,758 No data No data
Lille–Kortrijk–Tournai  France/
 Belgium 		1,363,465[h] 1,379,000[i] 2,572,374
Lisbon Metropolitan Area  Portugal 2,886,662 2,591,000 2,839,908
Liverpool/Birkenhead  United Kingdom 954,181 2,241,000 1,352,000
Łódź  Poland 939,568 1,165,000 1,116,660
London metropolitan area  United Kingdom 12,401,188 13,709,000 14,031,830
Los Angeles  United States 17,718,858 No data No data
Louisville  United States 1,286,409 No data No data
Lyon  France 1,960,847 1,669,000 2,188,759
Madrid metropolitan area  Spain 7,079,173 5,263,000 6,378,297
Greater Manchester  United Kingdom 1,957,078 2,556,000 2,615,144
Mannheim  Germany 1,230,276 No data No data
Marseille  France 1,773,503 1,530,000 No data
Melbourne  Australia 4,440,328 No data No data
Memphis  United States 1,378,346 No data No data
Mérida  Mexico 1,422,422 No data No data
Mexicali  Mexico 1,041,837 No data No data
Mexico City  Mexico 20,404,259 No data No data
Miami  United States 5,805,883 No data No data
Milan metropolitan area  Italy 4,159,854 4,136,000[j] 4,267,946
Milwaukee  United States 1,579,180 No data No data
Minneapolis  United States 3,496,061 No data No data
Monterrey  Mexico 4,823,452 No data No data
Montreal  Canada 4,394,467 No data No data
Munich  Germany 2,965,871 2,665,000[k] 2,808,581
Nagoya  Japan 6,500,074 No data No data
Naha  Japan 1,175,512 No data No data
Naples metropolitan area  Italy 3,572,928 2,905,000[l] 3,127,390
Nashville  United States 1,328,572 No data No data
New Orleans  United States 1,150,702 No data No data
New York City  United States 16,713,922 No data No data
Nice  France 865,195 1,082,000 1,082,847
Niigata  Japan 1,036,187 No data No data
Norfolk-Portsmouth-Chesapeake-Virginia Beach  United States 1,109,942 No data No data
Nottingham-Derby  United Kingdom 863,918 1,614,000 1,927,550
Nuremberg Metropolitan Region  Germany 1,169,367 1,443,000 1,301,504
Oklahoma City  United States 1,323,960 No data No data
Orlando  United States 2,374,184 No data No data
Osaka  Japan 17,343,816 No data No data
Greater Oslo  Norway 1,299,955 1,037,000 1,144,883
Ottawa-Gatineau  Canada 1,477,881 No data No data
Paris metropolitan area  France 12,037,889 11,175,000 12,005,077
Perth  Australia 2,021,203 No data No data
Phoenix  United States 4,163,445 No data No data
Philadelphia  United States 4,066,064 No data No data
Pittsburgh  United States 1,200,874 No data No data
Portland  United States 2,358,928 No data No data
Porto Metropolitan Area  Portugal 1,313,829 1,245,000[m] 1,286,111
Portsmouth-Southampton  United Kingdom 594,455 1,547,000 1,498,402[n]
Prague  Czech Republic 1,910,396 1,669,000 2,522,136
Puebla  Mexico 2,342,519 No data No data
Queretaro  Mexico 1,273,803 No data No data
Raleigh  United States 1,300,612 No data No data
Rhein-Nord[o] (Düsseldorf - Neuss)  Germany 1,427,823[p] 3,073,000[q] No Data
Rhein-Süd[o] (Cologne - Bonn)  Germany 1,926,073[r] 3,070,000[q] 3,023,545[s]
Riga  Latvia No data 1,195,000 1,089,767
Rome metropolitan area  Italy 4,149,364 3,190,000 3,700,000
Rotterdam  Netherlands 1,509,373 1,904,000[a] 2,808,550
Ruhr area  Germany No data[t] 5,376,000[q] 5,045,784
Saarbrücken - Forbach  Germany/
 France 		570,479[u] 1,102,000 822,128
Sacramento-Roseville  United States 2,311,721 No data No data
Salt Lake City  United States 1,195,080 No data No data
San Antonio  United States 2,345,730 No data No data
San Diego  United States 3,215,637 No data No data
San Francisco  United States 6,989,419 No data No data
San Luis Potosi  Mexico 1,288,885 No data No data
Santiago  Chile 6,679,313 No data No data
Greater St. Louis  United States 2,610,223 No data No data
Sapporo  Japan 2,224,201 No data No data
Seattle  United States 2,776,119 No data No data
Sendai  Japan 1,599,433 No data No data
Seoul  South Korea 24,948,523 No data No data
Seville  Spain 1,500,644 1,180,000[v] 1,877,060
Sofia  Bulgaria No data 1,260,120 1,543,377
Metropolitan Stockholm  Sweden 2,018,208 2,171,000 2,034,354[citation needed]
South Yorkshire (Sheffield)  United Kingdom 920,128 1,569,000 1,596,298
Stuttgart Metropolitan Region  Germany 1,965,942 2,289,000 2,678,795
Sydney  Australia 4,840,628 No data No data
Tampa  United States 1,335,571 No data No data
Thessaloniki Metropolitan Area  Greece 975,439 1,052,000 1,166,914
Tijuana  Mexico 1,793,265 No data No data
Tokyo  Japan 35,925,101 No data No data
Toluca  Mexico 2,167,067 No data No data
Toronto  Canada 6,947,229 No data No data
Torreon  Mexico 1,348,608 No data No data
Toulouse  France 1,309,149 No data No data
Turin metropolitan area  Italy 1,774,507 1,601,000[w] 2,302,353
Tucson  United States 1,040,867 No data No data
Newcastle-Sunderland  United Kingdom 1,082,729[x] 1,599,000 1,141,879
Ulsan  South Korea 1,082,994 No data No data
Valencia  Spain 1,668,153 1,398,000[y] 2,516,818
Valparaiso  Chile 1,006,737 No data No data
Vancouver  Canada 2,479,623 No data No data
Vienna  Austria 2,793,631 2,584,000 2,339,807
Warsaw metropolitan area  Poland 3,037,890 2,785,000 3,304,641
Washington  United States 6,022,391 No data No data
Zagreb  Croatia No data 1,107,115 1,123,374
Zürich metropolitan area   Switzerland 1,246,968 1,615,000 1,984,534

List of larger urban zones by population as of 2004

This is a list of larger urban zones by population as of 2004. The 2004 Urban Audit also includes cities from EFTA countries (Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland) and EU candidate countries, although the only candidate country for which there is available data is Turkey. Some cities, including Marseille, Lille, Nice, Cordoba, Badajoz, Toulon and Montpellier were excluded from the 2004 list on technical, definitional grounds, such as the coincidence of the metropolitan area with the urban zone.

Rank Larger urban zone Country Population Area (km²)
1 London  United Kingdom 11,917,000 8,920[12]
2 Istanbul  Turkey (non EU state) 11,154,928
3 Paris  France 11,089,124 12,079.87[12]
4 Madrid  Spain 5,804,829 8,022
5 Ruhr Area  Germany 5,302,179 4,435
6 Berlin  Germany 4,971,331 17,385
7 Barcelona  Spain 4,233,638 1,796.64
8 Athens  Greece 4,013,368 3,806.92
9 Ankara  Turkey (non EU state) 3,736,359
10 Rome  Italy 3,457,690 3,666.66
11 Hamburg  Germany 3,134,620 7,304
12 Milan  Italy 3,076,643 1,348.32
13 Upper Silesian Industrial Region  Poland 2,710,397 2,650.65
14 Stuttgart  Germany 2,663,660 3,654
15 Warsaw  Poland 2,660,406 5,198.52
16 Manchester  United Kingdom 2,539,100 1,280
17 Munich  Germany 2,531,706 5,504
18 Frankfurt  Germany 2,517,561 4,305
19 Izmir  Turkey (non EU state) 2,459,474
20 Lisbon  Portugal 2,435,837 1,432.49
21 Budapest  Hungary 2,393,846 2,538[12]
22 Leeds  United Kingdom 2,393,300 5,114[12]
23 Birmingham  United Kingdom 2,357,100 1,598
24 Naples  Italy 2,253,964 564.95
25 Vienna  Austria 2,179,769 4,610.93[12]
26 Bucharest  Romania 2,140,194 662
27 Prague  Czech Republic 1,964,750 6,977[12]
28 Cologne  Germany 1,873,580 1,626
29 Stockholm  Sweden 1,860,872 6,519
30 Copenhagen  Denmark 1,806,667[12] 2,759[12]
31 Brussels  Belgium 1,800,663 1,613.91
32 Glasgow  United Kingdom 1,747,100 3,346
33 Turin  Italy 1,745,221 1,878.97
34 Lyon  France 1,717,300 5,997.68[12]
35 Valencia  Spain 1,564,145 1,440.58
36 Dublin  Republic of Ireland 1,535,446[12]
37 Düsseldorf  Germany 1,525,029 1,201
38 Bursa  Turkey (non EU state) 1,474,482
39 Amsterdam  Netherlands 1,443,258 859.28
40 Adana  Turkey 1,394,130
41 Liverpool  United Kingdom 1,365,900 821
42 Bielefeld  Germany 1,297,876 2,921
43 Hanover  Germany 1,294,447 2,966
44 Nuremberg  Germany 1,288,797 2,934
45 Sheffield  United Kingdom 1,277,100 1,846
46 Kraków  Poland 1,264,322 2,988.65
47 Sofia  Bulgaria 1,263,807[12] 3,424.2[12]
48 Seville  Spain 1,249,346 3,081.9
49 Bremen  Germany 1,249,291 5,885
50 Helsinki  Finland 1,224,107 2,969.94
51 Rotterdam  Netherlands 1,186,818 611.75
52 Łódź  Poland 1,163,516 2,857.51
53 Ostrava  Czech Republic 1,153,876 3,889.6[12]
54 Zurich   Switzerland (non EU state) 1,110,478 1,086.14
55 Tricity  Poland 1,105,203 3,457.32
56 Porto  Portugal 1,099,040 562.32
57 Oslo  Norway (non EU state) 1,090,513 6,920
58 Newcastle upon Tyne  United Kingdom 1,055,600 3,385
59 Gaziantep  Turkey 1,052,795
60 Toulouse  France 1,052,497 4,706.93[12]
61 Wrocław  Poland 1,031,439 4,582.2
62 Poznań  Poland 1,018,511 3,719.2
63 Bristol  United Kingdom 1,006,600 1,635
64 Riga  Latvia 1,003,949 5,382.5

Urban Audit

Eurostat's Urban Audit is about much more than demographics. In order for it to be useful as a policy tool to the European Commission and other authorities it contains data for over 250 indicators across the following domains:[13][14]

  • Demography
  • Social Aspects
  • Economic Aspects
  • Civic Involvement
  • Training and Education
  • Environment
  • Travel and Transport
  • Information Society
  • Culture and Recreation

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c Part of the Randstad polycentric urban region consisting of the metropolitan areas of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and Utrecht (982,000). The total population of the region is 7,100,000.
  2. ^ a b The Flemish Diamond metropolitan region, which consists of the metropolitan areas of Brussels, Antwerp, Gent, and Leuven, has a total population of 5,103,000.
  3. ^ Total population is 4,251,000 if the metropolitan area of Mataro (169,000) is included.
  4. ^ Part of the wider Öresund region, which includes the Swedish metropolitan area of Malmö (961,000). The total regional population is 2,842,000.
  5. ^ Part of the Rhein-Main metropolitan region with a total population of 4,149,000, which additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Darmstadt (501,000), Wiesbaden (453,000), and Mainz (431,000).
  6. ^ Part of the polycentric Upper Silesian urban region with a total population of 5,294,000. The region additionally includes the metropolitan areas of Ostrava (1,046,000), Bielsko-Biala (584,000) and Rybnik (526,000).
  7. ^ Leeds and Bradford counted separately.
  8. ^ Kortrijk not included.
  9. ^ Part of the wider Lille-Bassin Minier region with a total population of 3,115,000.
  10. ^ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 6,011,000.
  11. ^ When combined with the Augsburg metropolitan area (606,000), the region has a total population of 3,271,000.
  12. ^ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 3,714,000.
  13. ^ Part of a wider polycentric urban region with a population of 1,778,000.
  14. ^ Excludes Southampton
  15. ^ a b Polycentric metropolitan area
  16. ^ Excludes Neuss.
  17. ^ a b c Part of the polycentric urban region of Rhein-Ruhr, which has a total population of 12,190,000.
  18. ^ Excludes Bonn which has a population of 750,370
  19. ^ Excludes Bonn
  20. ^ Essen, Bochum, and Dortmund counted separately.
  21. ^ Saarbrücken only
  22. ^ Total population is 1,262,000 if the metropolitan area of Utrera (82,000) is included.
  23. ^ Total population is 1,716,000 if the metropolitan of Pinerolo is included.
  24. ^ Excludes Sunderland
  25. ^ Total population is 1,499,000 if the metropolitan area of Sagunto is included.

References

  1. ^ Position Statement on Cohesion Policy 2014–2020, EuroMETREX. Retrieved 2 July 2015.
  2. ^ "European cities – the EU-OECD functional urban area definition". Eurostat. Retrieved 2 August 2015.
  3. ^ "City statistics - Urban audit". Eurostat. 2006.
  4. ^ "The shift of Eurostat to Urban Statistics". Dr. Berthold Feldmann, Eurostat. March 2006.
  5. ^ http://www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr/Fiches/RS/AU1999/RS_AU1999003.pdf Archived 27 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20110727094843/http://www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr/Fiches/RS/AU1999/RS_AU1999004.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2016. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20110727094905/http://www.statistiques-locales.insee.fr/Fiches/RS/AU1999/RS_AU1999006.pdf. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2016. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help); Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ a b "OEDC Populations in cities". OEDC. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
  9. ^ "Urban Audit Database". Urbanaudit.org. Archived from the original on 23 May 2011. Retrieved 29 April 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  10. ^ European Spatial Planning Observation Network, Study on Urban Functions (Project 1.4.3), Final Report, Chapter 3, (ESPON, 2007)
  11. ^ Eurostat Archived 6 October 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Data for 2001 (2004 data not yet available)
  13. ^ "Urban Audit". European Commission. 2006. Archived from the original on 31 May 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ "State of European Cities Report" (PDF). Retrieved 29 April 2011.
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