India at the Olympics
| India at the Olympics | |
|---|---|
 | |
| IOC code | IND |
| NOC | Indian Olympic Association |
| Website | www |
| Medals |
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| Summer appearances | |
| Winter appearances | |
| Other related appearances | |
 Independent Olympic Participants (2014) | |
India first participated at the Olympic Games in 1900, with a lone athlete (Norman Pritchard) winning two medals- both silver- in athletics and became the first Asian nation to win an Olympic medal. [1]
The nation first sent a team to the Summer Olympic Games in 1920, and has participated in every Summer Games since then. India has also competed at several Winter Olympic Games beginning in 1964.
Indian athletes have won 28 medals, all at the Summer Games. For a period of time, India national field hockey team was dominant in Olympic competition, winning eleven medals in twelve Olympics between 1920 and 1980. The run included 8 gold medals total and six successive gold medals from 1928–1956.
History
Pre-independence
India sent its first athlete to the Summer Olympics for the 1900 Games, but an Indian national team did not compete at the Summer Olympics until 1920. Ahead of the 1920 Games, Sir Dorabji Tata and Governor of Bombay George Lloyd helped India secure representation at the International Olympic Council, enabling it to participate in the Games (see India at the 1920 Olympic Games).[2] India then sent a team to the 1920 Olympics, comprising four athletes, two wrestlers, and managers Sohrab Bhoot and A. H. A. Fyzee. The Indian Olympic movement was then established during the 1920s: some founders of this movement were Dorabji Tata, A.G. Noehren (Madras College of Physical Education), H.C. Buck (Madras College of Physical Education), Moinul Haq (Bihar sports associations), S. Bhoot (Bombay Olympic Association), A.S. Bhagwat (Deccan Gymkhana), and Guru Dutt Sondhi (Punjab Olympic Association); Lt.Col H.L.O. Garrett (from the Government College Lahore and Punjab Olympic Association) and Sagnik Poddar (of St. Stephen's School) helped organise some early national games; and prominent patrons included Maharajas and royal princes Bhupinder Singh of Patiala, Ranjitsinhji of Nawanagar, the Maharaja of Kapurthala, and the Maharaja of Burdwan.
In 1923, a provisional All India Olympic Committee was formed, and in February 1924, the All India Olympic Games (that later became the National Games of India) were held to select a team for the Paris Summer Olympics. The Indian delegation at the Paris Olympics comprised seven athletes, seven tennis players and team manager Harry Buck.
In 1927, the provisional Indian Olympic Committee formally became the Indian Olympic Association (IOA); its main tasks were to promote the development of sports in India, choose host cities for the national games, and send teams selected from the national games to the Summer Olympics. Thus, at the 1928 national games, it selected seven athletes to represent India at the next Summer Olympics, with Sondhi as manager. By this time, the Indian Hockey Federation (IHF) had also been established and it sent a hockey team to the Summer Olympics. The national hockey team and additional sportspersons were similarly sent to the 1932 Games (four athletes and one swimmer) and 1936 (four athletes, three wrestlers, one Burmese weight-lifter), along with three officials headed by team manager Sondhi. The Indian field hockey team dominated the Olympics from 1928 to 1936 winning an unprecedented three titles. In the 1928 Summer Olympics final India defeated Netherlands 3 - 0 .[3] In 1932 Summer Olympics India defeated USA 24 - 1, the largest margin of victory in Olympic history.[4] In 1936 Summer Olympics final they defeated Germany 8 - 1 , the largest margin of victory ever in an Olympic final.[5]
Post-independence
From 1948 onward, because of the IOA's wider outreach, India began sending delegations of over 50 sportspersons representing several sport, each selected by its sports federation, to the Summer Olympics. The delegation was headed by a chef-de-mission. The Indian field hockey team won gold medal at the 1948 Summer Olympics by defeating Great Britain in the final. It was the first gold medal for India as an independent nation.[6].
In the 1952 Summer Olympics wrestler K.D. Jadhav won the first individual medal for independent India. The Indian field hockey team continued their dominance by winning the sixth straight title by defeating Pakistan in the final in 1956 Summer Olympics.
In the 1960 Summer Olympics the field hockey team lost the final and had to settle for silver medal. [7] Though the team bounced back by winning gold at the 1964 Summer Olympics.[8] But went on to win only bronze medals in the next two Olympics.[9][10] In 1976 Summer Olympics India went home empty handed, the first time since 1924.
Indian hockey team won their Olympic record 8th and last title till date at the 1980 Summer Olympics.[11] Though India had to return empty handed in the next three Summer Olympics. At the 1996 Summer Olympics held in Atlanta tennis player Leander Paes won a bronze medal at the Men's Singles ending a barren run of 16 years without a medal at the Olympics and also the first individual medal since 1952.[12]
Recent history
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In the 2000 Sydney Olympics two-time World Championship gold medalist Karnam Malleswari won a bronze medal at the Women's 69 kg weightlifting category. It was the first ever Olympic medal won by an Indian woman.[13]
At the 2004 Athens Olympics star shooter Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore won silver medal in Men's double trap shooting.[14]
At the 2008 Beijing Olympics, Abhinav Bindra won gold in the Men's 10 metre air rifle event becoming the first Indian to win an individual gold medal at the Olympic Games. Vijender Singh got the country's first medal in boxing with his bronze medal in Middleweight category.
The 2012 Summer Olympics saw an 83-member Indian contingent participating in the games and setting a new best for the country with a total of six medals.[14] Wrestler Sushil Kumar became the first Indian with multiple individual Olympic medals (bronze at the 2008 Beijing Olympics and silver at the 2012 Summer Olympics) since Norman Pritchard in 1900.
Saina Nehwal won bronze medal in badminton in Women's singles getting the country's first Olympic medal in badminton. Pugilist Mary Kom became the first Indian woman to win a medal in boxing with her bronze medal finish in Women's flyweight.
At the 2016 Summer Olympics, a record number of 118 athletes competed. Sakshi Malik became the first Indian woman wrestler to win an Olympic medal with her bronze medal finish in Women's freestyle 58 kg category.[15] Shuttler P. V. Sindhu became the first Indian woman to win a silver medal in Olympics and also the youngest Indian Olympic medalist.[16]
List of competitors
This list provides a comparative compendium of all the participants/competitors of India in the summer Olympic games.
| Games | Sports | Men | Women | Total | Change |  Gold
|
 Silver
|
 Bronze
|
Total | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1900 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | NA | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | NA |
| 1920 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 6 | +5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | −2 |
| 1924 | 2 | 12 | 2 | 14 | +8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1928 | 2 | 21 | 0 | 21 | +7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | +1 |
| 1932 | 3 | 20 | 0 | 20 | −1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1936 | 4 | 27 | 0 | 27 | +7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1948 | 10 | 79 | 0 | 79 | +52 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1952 | 11 | 60 | 4 | 64 | −15 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | +1 |
| 1956 | 8 | 58 | 1 | 59 | −5 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | −1 |
| 1960 | 6 | 45 | 0 | 45 | −14 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1964 | 8 | 52 | 1 | 53 | +8 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 1968 | 5 | 25 | 0 | 25 | −28 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 1972 | 7 | 40 | 1 | 41 | +16 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 1976 | 2 | 20 | 0 | 20 | −21 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | −1 |
| 1980 | 1 | 58 | 18 | 76 | +56 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | +1 |
| 1984 | 5 | 38 | 10 | 48 | −28 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | −1 |
| 1988 | 10 | 39 | 7 | 46 | −2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1992 | 12 | 44 | 9 | 53 | +7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1996 | 13 | 45 | 4 | 49 | −4 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | +1 |
| 2000 | 13 | 46 | 19 | 65 | +16 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 |
| 2004 | 14 | 48 | 25 | 73 | +8 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 |
| 2008 | 12 | 31 | 25 | 56 | −17 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | +2 |
| 2012 | 13 | 60 | 23 | 83 | +27 | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | +3 |
| 2016 | 15 | 63 | 54 | 117 | +34 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | −4 |
This list provides a comparative compendium of all the participants/competitors of India in the winter Olympic games.
| Games | Sports | Men | Women | Total | Change | Gold
|
Silver
|
Bronze
|
Total | Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1964 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | NA | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| 1968 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1988 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | +2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1992 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | −1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 1998 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | −1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2002 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2006 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | +3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2010 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | −1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2014 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 2018 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | −1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Medal tables
Medals by Summer Games
| Games | Gold
|
Silver
|
Bronze
|
Total | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1896 Athens | Did not participate | ||||
| 1900 Paris | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 17 |
| 1904 St. Louis | Did not participate | ||||
| 1908 London | |||||
| 1912 Stockholm | |||||
| 1920 Antwerp | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| 1924 Paris | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| 1928 Amsterdam | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 23 |
| 1932 Los Angeles | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 19 |
| 1936 Berlin | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 20 |
| 1948 London | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 22 |
| 1952 Helsinki | 1 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 26 |
| 1956 Melbourne | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 24 |
| 1960 Rome | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 32 |
| 1964 Tokyo | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 24 |
| 1968 Mexico City | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 42 |
| 1972 Munich | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 43 |
| 1976 Montreal | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| 1980 Moscow | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 23 |
| 1984 Los Angeles | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| 1988 Seoul | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| 1992 Barcelona | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| 1996 Atlanta | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 71 |
| 2000 Sydney | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 71 |
| 2004 Athens | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 65 |
| 2008 Beijing | 1 | 0 | 2 | 3 | 50 |
| 2012 London | 0 | 2 | 4 | 6 | 55 |
| 2016 Rio de Janeiro | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 67 |
| Total | 9 | 7 | 12 | 28 | 53 |
Medals by sport
| Sport | Gold
|
Silver
|
Bronze
|
Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
 Field hockey |
8 | 1 | 2 | 11 |
 Shooting |
1 | 2 | 1 | 4 |
 Athletics |
0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
 Wrestling |
0 | 1 | 4 | 5 |
 Badminton |
0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
 Boxing |
0 | 0 | 2 | 2 |
 Tennis |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
 Weightlifting |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| Total | 9 | 7 | 12 | 28 |
List of medalists
Multiple Medalists
Team Sports
Individual Sports
| Athlete | Sport | Games | Gold
|
Silver
|
Bronze
|
Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Norman Pritchard | Athletics
|
1900 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| Sushil Kumar | Wrestling
|
2004– | 0 | 1 | 1 | 2 |
See also
- List of flag bearers for India at the Olympics
- Category:Olympic competitors for India
- India at the Paralympics
- India at the Asian Games
- India at the Commonwealth Games
- Olympic Gold Quest
References
- ^ "Norman Pritchard's life; International Olympic Committee.com". Retrieved 19 March 2021.
- ^ "India at the 1900 Paris Summer Games". Sports Reference. Archived from the original on 24 September 2016. Retrieved 18 August 2016.
- ^ "1928 Olympics: India's first step towards ascending hockey throne". The Hindu. 7 July 2012. Archived from the original on 27 January 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ "1932 Olympics games: India's dominance continues". The Hindu. 7 July 2012. Archived from the original on 5 February 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ "1936 Olympics: Hat-trick for India under Dhyan Chand". The Hindu. 8 July 2012. Archived from the original on 31 August 2017. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ Rohan Puri (26 July 2016). "Olympics: Down the memory lane 1940–1956". The Times of India. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ "1960 Olympics: Pakistan ends India's dominance". The Hindu. 12 July 2012. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ "Gold winning hockey team of 1964 Tokyo Olympics felicitated". The Times of India. 26 November 2014. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
- ^ "1972 Olympics: India's golden glory fades". The Hindu. 16 July 2012. Archived from the original on 22 June 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ "When Indian hockey first went `bronze'". The Hindu. 16 September 2000. Archived from the original on 25 December 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ "1980 Olympics: India sinks Spain for gold". The Hindu. 17 July 2012. Archived from the original on 5 February 2018. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ Rohit Brijnath (31 August 1996). "Olympics 1996: How Leander Paes won India's first individual Olympic medal in 44 years". India Today. Archived from the original on 19 September 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ "Sydney Olympics hero Karnam Malleswari lauds Sakshi Malik, urges her to start preparing for Tokyo Games". India Today. 18 August 2016. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ a b Rohan Puri (30 July 2016). "Olympics: Down the memory lane 2004–2012". The Times of India. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ "Rohtak Zen in Rio zone, Sakshi Malik brings wrestling bronze from Olympics". The Indian Express. 19 August 2016. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
- ^ Manoj Bhagavatula (19 August 2016). "Rio 2016 Live: Silver for India's golden girl, Sindhu puts up tough fight". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 19 August 2016. Retrieved 19 August 2016.
External links
- "India". International Olympic Committee.
- "India". Olympedia.com.
- "Olympic Analytics/IND". olympanalyt.com.
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 Bronze medalists |
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