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Feyenoord

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Kakkerlakken
Feyenoord logo
Full nameFeyenoord Rotterdam
Nickname(s)De club van het volk (The people's club)
De stadionclub (The stadium club)
De club aan de Maas (The club upon the Maas)
De club van Zuid (The club from South)
FoundedJuly 19, 1908
GroundFeijenoord Stadion
Rotterdam
Capacity51,177
ChairmanNetherlands Gerard Kerkum
ManagerNetherlands Erwin Koeman
LeagueEredivisie
2006-07Eredivisie, currently 5th
Feyenoord team practice session in 2002. (from left to right) Leonardo dos Santos, Kees van Wonderen, Bonaventure Kalou, Patrick Paauwe, Paul Bosvelt, Shinji Ono and Robin van Persie
File:FeyenoordFans 3.jpg
Feyenoord - AZ Alkmaar in 2006
File:FeyenoordFans 4.jpg
Feyenoord fans welcome the players

Feyenoord is a professional football team located in Rotterdam.[1] Alongside Ajax and PSV, Feyenoord is generally regarded as one of the "big three" clubs in the Netherlands.[2] Between them these three clubs have won every Dutch Championship since 1965 – with the exception of AZ Alkmaar's 1981 title – and they are the only clubs never relegated from Dutch first division football.[3] Feyenoord has won 14 Dutch Championships, 10 Dutch Cups, 2 Dutch Supercups, 2 UEFA Cups as well as the European Cup and Intercontinental Cup.[4]

Location

Location of Feijenoord district

Feyenoord is located in the Feijenoord district of southern Rotterdam and was originally named Feijenoord after the district in which the team was founded.[5] More frequent appearances in international tournaments led the team to change its name in 1974 because foreign fans unfamiliar with the Dutch language did not know how to pronounce ij.[6]

In addition to Feyenoord, there are two other professional football teams in Rotterdam: Sparta and Excelsior. All three sides currently play in the Eredivisie, which is the country's top league.[7]

Motto

The culture of the club is expressed in their motto Geen woorden maar daden ("Not words, but deeds").[8] It is part of the refrain of the club's official hymn and refers to the men who founded the club in 1908, all poor hard-working labourers of the Port of Rotterdam.[9] "While Amsterdam dreams, Rotterdam works." Feyenoord fans don't expect the team to play beautifully, but want them to fight for every single metre on the pitch.[8]

History

The Feyenoord club has a long history and has been among the most successful teams in the country since winning its first national championship in 1924.[10]

1908-1939

First logo using the name Feijenoord (1912)

The football club Wilhelmina was founded in the pub De Keijser on 19 July 1908 [11] and played in blue-sleeved red shirts and white shorts.[11] The club changed its name to Hillesluise Football Club in 1909 [12] and joined the Rotterdamse Voetbalbond (Rotterdam Football Association). As the league already included a team known as HFC (present-day Koninklijke HFC, based in Haarlem} Hillesluise underwent another name change to become RVV Celeritas.

Wilhelmina/HFC and RVV Celeritas kits
Wilhelmina/HFC and RVV Celeritas kits

The renamed club took new colours, playing in yellow and black striped shirts and white shorts.[12] Celeritas earned promotion to the National football association in 1912, which led to another name change as there was already a Celeritas playing there.[12] and the team took the name SC Feijenoord, after the city district in which the team was founded[13] and again changed uniform; the club adopted the red and white shirts, black shorts and black socks they still wear today.[13] In 1917 Feijenoord were promoted to the 1e klasse (1st division) and moved to the ground Kromme Zandweg.[13]

Logo in 1924

Sixteen years after the formation of the club and a mere three years after they were promoted to the highest level of Dutch football Feijenoord earned their first honours by capturing the national league championship in 1924.[13] The team enjoyed a string of successes in the latter half of the decade, taking divisional titles in 1926, 1927, 1928 and 1929, and also winning their second national championship in 1928.[13]

Feijenoord won their first Dutch Cup in 1930 by scoring the only goal in a derby final against Excelsior Rotterdam.[14] They continued to dominate their division with three consecutive titles, but were winless in subsequent championship finals. Five years after their first cup win, Feijenoord took the prize for a second time in 1935 by beating Helmond Sport.[14]

Feijenoord started to attract more fans to their stadium at Kromme Zandweg and this led to the decision in 1933 to build a new facility. With the help of businessman Daniël George van Beuningen property was purchased next to the Kreekweg for the construction of a new ground.[15] Rotterdam architect L.C. van der Vlugt designed a stadium that was unique in Europe at that time, an oval stadium comprising two platforms where the second platform hung over the first. Fans visiting the stadium were close to the pitch, but their views were obstructed by poles. The building of the stadium started on 23 July 1935 and Feijenoord's first match in the new Feijenoord Stadion (nicknamed "De Kuip" or "the Tub") was played on 27 March 1937,[15]. Leen Vente became the first player to score a goal in the new stadium [16] in a 5-2 victory over Belgian club Beerschot.[15] A few months later the first international match was played between the national teams of the Netherlands and Belgium, won 1-0 by the Dutch.[17]

During this period Feijenoord won three consecutive division titles from 1936 to 1938, with their third and fourth national championships coming in 1936 and 1938.[18]

1940-1969

During World War II Feijenoord played their matches at Sparta Rotterdam's Sparta Stadion Het Kasteel as the Nazis had occupied De Kuip.[18] When that ground was unavailable due to clashes with Sparta fixtues, Feijenoord would play at their former ground, the Kromme Zandweg.[18]

Feijenoord's again won a division title with a national championship in 1940, their fifth Dutch title. During the German occupation of the Netherlands from 1940 to 1945 play continued in Dutch football leagues, though the 1945 championship was cancelled as the war was came to its conclusion.[19] During this period Feijenoord did not win any trophies other than a divisional championship in 1943. After the war Feijenoord did not perform as well as they had in previous decades, not seriously challenging in their division and so missing the national playoff rounds. More generally, the war had a devastating effect on the city and its citizens and there seemed to be less enthusiasm for football. [20]

The worst period in Feijenoord's history had yet to come. With the city of Rotterdam still rebuilding after the war the club was unable to compete for trophies. Feijenoord's chairman Cor Kieboom organised a meeting on 30 June 1954 in Utrecht together with the chairman of the other Rotterdam teams, Jos Coler (Sparta) and Henk van Zon (Excelsior).[21] At the meeting several chairmen of other clubs showed up as well as a delegation of the KNVB to discuss the start of professional football in the Netherlands.[22] Despite the presence of several sceptics, Kieboon pushed the idea of professionalism through, resulting in the first Eredivisie season in 1954/1955.[23] Feijenoord was one of the clubs participating in the inaugural Eredivisie and have never been relegated.[22] One of the most memorable matches in these first years of professional football was the clash between Feijenoord and De Volewijckers at 2 April 1956, which Feijenoord won 11-4 with nine goals by Henk Schouten. He even scored a tenth time, but this goal was disallowed.[24] The first memorable Klassieker from a Feijenoord point of view took place at 11 November 1956 when Daan den Bleijker scored four times to give Feijenoord a 7-3 win over their arch rivals.[25] On 27 November 1957 46,000 supporters found their way to De Kuip for the first match at night in the stadium. In a match against Bolton Wanderers FC, which was lost 3-0 Feijenoord introduced their newly built floodlight system.[26]

File:1962 Feyenoord Kampioen 01.jpg
Feyenoord Champions 1962

Feijenoord claimed their first professional Eredivisie Championship and their sixth Dutch Championship in history in 1961.[27] On the road to the title Ajax was beaten 9-5 in De Kuip, four of Feijenoord's goals were scored by Henk Schouten.[25] In addition, they played their first European Cup match facing IFK Göteborg. The Swedes were beaten 0-3 in Gothenburg and 8-2 in Rotterdam.[28][29] Feijenoord were eliminated by Tottenham Hotspur in the following round.[30] In 1962 Feijenoord successfully defended their Dutch Championship title and reached the final of the Intertoto Cup 1961-62 by beating SK Hradec Králové and FC Baník Ostrava in the quarter and semi-finals.[27] Feijenoord faced Archrivals Ajax in the final, which was won by the Amsterdam team 4-2.[31]

File:1962 Feyenoord naar Antwerpen 01.jpg
Buses on their road to Antwerp

On 12 December 1962 Feyenoord played a decisive match versus Vasas SC in the second round of the European Cup 1962-63. The first two legs, in Rotterdam and Budapest both ended in 1-0 home victories, and a replay on a neutral ground took place.[32] The match was played in Antwerp, Belgium and 30,000 Feijenoord fans travelled by buses to see their team play.[32] For the third time the final score was 1-0, with the only goal scored by Rinus Bennaars who was immediately nicknamed "The hero of Deurne" (the neighbourhood in Antwerp where the match was played).[32] The events in Antwerp resulted in an enduring friendly relationship between the fans of Feyenoord and Royal Antwerp FC.[32]

File:1963 Feyenoord to Lisbon 01.jpg
Fans waving fans on the passage to Lisbon

In 1963 hundreds of thousands of people were standing ashore the Nieuwe Maas and the Nieuwe Waterweg to wave two ships, deGroote Beer and the Waterman goodbye. The ships transported thousands of Feijenoord fans to Lisbon where the club faced SL Benfica on 8 May 1963 in the European Cup semi-finals.[32] The first leg, held in Rotterdam a month earlier, finished 0-0.[33] Feijenoord eventually lost the match against Benfica 3-1, but this turned out to be the start of the most successful period in the club's history.[34] Feijenoord won the double for the first time in their history in 1965 and managed to win another double a few years later in 1969.[27] The 1965 title secured Feijenoord a spot in the European Cup 1965-66 where they faced multiple cup champions Real Madrid on 8 September 1965 in the preliminaries. During the match Hans Kraay had to leave the pitch injured after 31 minutes, without being substituted. He returned at the start of the second half and scored the goal which resulted in a 2-1 win. Later during the match fans' favourite Coen Moulijn was attacked roughly by a Spanish defender. Moulijn, who had always been a gentleman chased the defender all over the pitch. Several other players did the same as well as some fans who entered the pitch. The referee could do nothing but suspend the match at 2-1 in Feijenoord's favour. Two weeks later Real would trash Feyenoord 5-0, to eventually win the European Cup that season.[35]

1970-1999

File:1970 World Cup Israel.jpg
Rinus Israël lifts the Continental Cup

As the 1969 Dutch champions Feijenoord participated in the European Cup 1969-70. After thrashing Knattspyrnufélag Reykjavíkur 16-2 on aggregate in the first round the team faced AC Milan.[30] Feijenoord lost the first leg 1-0 in Italy, but overcame the deficit in their own stadium following a 2-0 win, securing a place in the quarter finals where they faced ASK Vorwärts Berlin.[30]

File:1970 Feyenoord shows Cup 01.jpg
Feyenoord shows the European Cup

The tie followed the same pattern as the previous round, Feijenoord losing the first match 1-0 away, then winning 2-0 at home.[30] Again the semi-finals were reached and Legia Warszawa were beaten 2-0 on aggregate which earned Feijenoord their first European final.[30] Ajax had reached the same final in 1969 but were not able to win.[36] Feijenoord faced Celtic in the final which was held in the San Siro stadium in Milan. Goals by Tommy Gemmell and Rinus Israël resulted in a 1-1 draw after 90 minutes. Three minutes before the end of the extra time Ove Kindvall scored Feijenoord's winning goal to make them the first Dutch team to claim a major European trophy.[37]

File:1970 Volle Coolsingel 01.jpg
Celebrations at the Coolsingel
File:1974 UEFA Cup Israel.jpg
Rinus Israël lifts the UEFA Cup

As the cup holders Feijenoord participated in the European Cup 1970-71 despite relinquishing the Dutch title, which was won by Ajax. Feijenoord were eliminated in the first round following a suprise defeat by Romanian team UT Arad.[30] However, as reigning European champions Feijenoord faced Estudiantes La Plata in the Intercontinental Cup.[38] The first match in Buenos Aires' La Bombonera finished in a 2-2 draw. Back in Rotterdam Feijenoord managed a 1-0 victory (winning goal by Joop van Daele) to win the world club crown, the first Dutch team to do so.[39] Estudiantes player Oscar Malbernat got frustrated and grabbed Van Daele's glasses and trampled on it. "You are not allowed to play with glasses." was his excuse, "At least not in South America."[40] In 1971 Feijenoord won their 10th Dutch Championship.[41]

In 1973 the club decided to change their name to Feyenoord, as people from outside the Netherlands found it difficult to pronounce the "ij" in Feijenoord.[42] Under their new name they played in the UEFA Cup 1973-74, reaching the final following a 4-3 aggregate win over VfB Stuttgart in the semi finals.[30] The opponent in the final was Tottenham Hotspur. In the first leg at White Hart Lane Spurs took a 2-1 lead, but Theo de Jong equalised after 85 minutes and the match ended in a 2-2 draw.[43] Feyenoord then won their match in Rotterdam 2-0 thanks to goals by Wim Rijsbergen and Peter Ressel, and became the first Dutch team to win the UEFA Cup.[44] As a result, Spurs fans started to riot,[45] introducing Dutch football to the spectre of hooliganism in the process. In the remainder of the decade Feyenoord won only one more honour, the Dutch Championship in 1974.[19] In 1978 the club divided their professional and amateur sides to form two separate teams, Feyenoord for professionals and Sportclub Feyenoord for amateurs.[46]

File:1984 Feyenoord Kampioen Gullit.jpg
Ruud Gullit celebrates the Championship

Feyenoord won their fifth Dutch Cup in 1980 by beating Ajax 3-1 in the final.[46]

File:1984 Feyenoord Kampioen Cruijff.jpg
Johan Cruyff celebrates the 1984 Eredivisie title

In 1984 Feyenoord had another bright season, winning the double for the third time in their history.[46] Key players in the squad from this period included Johan Cruijff, Ruud Gullit and Peter Houtman (who later became the Feyenoord stadium announcer).[47] Cruijff reacted to Ajax's decision not to offer him a new contract at the start of the season and signed for arch rivals Feyenoord instead. [47] Cruijffs move to Rotterdam was criticised and increased Ajax's motivation to beat Feyenoord. In the Olympic Stadium of Amsterdam Feyenoord suffered their heaviest ever defeat: 8-2.[48] However, Feyenoord later defeated Ajax in Rotterdam 4-1 and Ajax were subsequently beaten a second time in the Dutch Cup.[49] Feyenoord proceeded to win a league and cup double by beating Fortuna Sittard in the cup final.[50]

After the successful season Feyenoord experienced a lean period and were unable to finish the season in a higher position than 3rd.[51] In 1989/1990 the club struggled to remain in the Eredivisie, but eventually managed to avoid relegation.[52] The club had financial problems, the staff was unable to recover and their main sponsor HCS went bankrupt.[53]

When Wim Jansen was appointed as the interim manager to replace Günder Bengtsson and Pim Verbeek after a 6-0 defeat against PSV, the outlook began to improve for the club.[54] PSV, the strongest Dutch club of the period, were knocked out of the KNVB Cup by a Henk Fräser goal in Eindhoven. Feyenoord, progressed to the 1991 final, where they beat BVV Den Bosch 1-0 to win the competition.[55] As the cup holders they faced champions PSV again, this time in the 1991 Dutch Supercup, the first Supercup held since 1949. PSV were beaten 1-0 by a Marian Damaschin goal to add another honour to the club's achievements.[56] They went on to win another Dutch Cup in 1992, beating Roda JC 3-0 in the final.[57] The same year Feyenoord reached the semi finals in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1991-92 beating Tottenham Hotspur in the quarter final before being knocked out by AS Monaco on away goals after two draws.[30]

In 1993 Feyenoord secured another Dutch Championship by beating FC Groningen 5-0 in the last league match of the season.[58] The match was played at the Oosterpark Stadion in Groningen, so 40.000 Feyenoord fans watched the game on giant screens in De Kuip.[58] The title was followed by another two Dutch Cups in 1994 (beating NEC Nijmegen (2-1)) and 1995 (beating FC Volendam (2-1)).[14] During the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1994-95 Feyenoord reached the quarter finals after beating SV Werder Bremen in the second round. They eventually lost to Real Zaragoza.[30] In the quarter final in the 1995 KNVB Cup Feyenoord visited Ajax, the team that would win the UEFA Champions League 1994-95 later that season. Ajax was leading 1-0 when Ruud Heus equalised with a penalty just before time. In the extra time Feyenoord became the only team to beath Ajax the season they won the Eredivisie and the Champions League unbeaten. The goal scored by Mike Obiku was the decider as the new golden goal rule became in use.[59] [60] During the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1995-96 Everton FC and Borussia Mönchengladbach were beaten. A total of 14,000 Feyenoord fans travelled to Germany to support the team against Mönchengladbach.[61][62] Feyenoord were knocked out in the semi finals by a Carsten Jancker inspired SK Rapid Wien. [30][63]

Feyenoord made their UEFA Champions League debut during the UEFA Champions League 1997-98, finishing third in their group behind Manchester United and Juventus, however Juventus were beaten 2-0 in Rotterdam, both goals scored by Julio Ricardo Cruz.[64] In 1998 the Fiscal Intelligence and Investigation Service (FIOD) visited Feyenoord because of suspected fraud.[65] Mainly based on the signings of Aurelio Vidmar, Christian Gyan and Patrick Allotey.[66] This became an ongoing scandal in the years to come with chairman Jorien van den Herik as the main suspect.[65] On 25 April 1999 Feyenoord secured their 14th Dutch Championship. 250,000 fans celebrated with the team in the center of Rotterdam. However, later in the evening heavy rioting started.[67] Before the start of the new 1999/2000 season Ajax were beaten in their own stadium when Feyenoord won their second Dutch Supercup after a free kick by Patrick Paauwe who secured a 3-2 win.[68]

Recent history

During the UEFA Champions League 1999-00 Feyenoord participated in the UEFA Champions League for the second time. This time the club managed to finish second in their group behind Rosenborg B.K., but in front of Borussia Dortmund.[69] Feyenoord reached the second group stage and secured wins versus Olympique Marseille (at home) and S.S. Lazio (away). Chelsea FC won both clashes and as a result Feyenoord had to win their last group match away to Marseille to reach the knock-out stages. The final result was 0-0 and Feyenoord were eliminated.[69]

Feyenoord also participated in the UEFA Champions League 2001-02 and finished third in a group containing FC Bayern Munich, AC Sparta Praha and FC Spartak Moscow.[70] This meant Feyenoord had to continue their European season in the UEFA Cup 2001-02 instead of the 2nd Champions League group stage.[71] The disappointment of failing to reach the second group stage eventually resulted in optimism and celebration. By winning over SC Freiburg and Rangers, Feyenoord faced fellow Dutch team PSV in the quarter finals.[71] Both matches ended in 1-1 draws, and the clash went into extra time and a penalty shoot-out.[72] Pierre van Hooijdonk who had a superb season by scoring many goals from free kicks secured Feyenoord's win by scoring in the 90th minute equalizer before finishing PSV off by scoring the last goal in the penalty shoot-out.[73] A win in Milan (0-1) over Inter and a 2-2 return match in Rotterdam earned Feyenoord their spot in the final, in which Borussia Dortmund was the opponent.[74] The final was held in De Kuip and as a result most spectators inside the stadium were Feyenoord fans. Feyenoord took a 2-0 lead thanks to another free kick and a penalty by Pierre van Hooijdonk. [71] Early in the second half Jan Koller scored a goal to make it 2-1. Jon Dahl Tomasson then made it 3-1 and things looked good for Feyenoord.[71] Dortmund only managed to score one more goal and the cup was won by Bert van Marwijk's Feyenoord.[71]

A huge party erupted in and outside De Kuip not only because of the title, but also because the final was held several days after Rotterdam's political hero Pim Fortuyn was murdered.[75] Lots of fans were still full of emotion before and after the match. As a result of Fortuyn's murder, the cup was not officially celebrated in the city center.[76] Feyenoord hasn't won any further honours since the 2002 UEFA Cup win. They reached the final of the Dutch Cup in 2003, also held in De Kuip, but were not able to beat FC Utrecht, which shocked the club with a 4-1 win.[77] Sebsequently Feyenoord has yet to reach any more finals or to win any more Dutch Championship titles.

In between, Feyenoord and chairman Jorien van den Herik were found to be not guilty in 2002. The Attorney General however appealed, but in 2005, after three years of investigations the results stayed the same. Still, the Attorney General has not given up the case yet.[78]

The 2005/06 season ended in disappointment for Feyenoord. The team challenged for the Dutch Championship for most of the season, but eventually lost out to PSV.[79] The newly created Dutch play-offs then proved to be gloomy for Feyenoord. Ajax, which finished several points behind in the regular league, was Feyenoord's opponent in the play-offs. Ajax ouclassed them and Feyenoord lost out on a Champions League place.[80] During the summer break Feyenoord had to sell two of their key players, Salomon Kalou and the very popular Dirk Kuyt.[81][82] Only a small amount of the money became available to invest in new players. When Angelos Charisteas was signed from archrivals Ajax to replace Dirk Kuyt hundreds of die-hard fans pressured the Feyenoord board to force Van den Herik to resign.[83]

In the meantime Feyenoord was placed under special guardianship because of their financial problems.[84] In the Eredivisie the team was underperforming and Feyenoord hooligans gave the club a bad name in Europe due to several incidents. Blackburn Rovers midfielder Morten Gamst Pedersen was hit by a plastic beer cup thrown from the crowd during a UEFA Cup match.[85]. A few weeks later in Nancy Feyenoord hooligans damaged the city prior to the match versus AS Nancy and during the match they broke through walls of glass, forcing the police to use tear gas, causing a 30 minute suspension of the match.[86]

The UEFA charged Feyenoord at a disciplinary hearing on 7 December 2006.[87], fining the club 130,000 Euros and issuing a suspended penalty of playing two matches behind closed doors. The UEFA appealed and demanded Feyenoord to be excluded from competition and to be suspended for the first upcoming season they qualify for Europe.[88] Van den Herik still remained in function, but the pressure grew. He did not show up at the club anymore and left a lot of questions.[89]

File:Feyenoordlogo2008.jpg
Feyenoord's 2008 logo

A group of some Feyenoord icons, with former chairman Gerard Kerkum as their leader, operated under the name of "Commissie Kerkum" to restructure Feyenoord's future.[90] In December 2006 they published their thoughts and came to the conclusion that Van den Herik should leave the club.[91] Still Van den Herik did not want to leave, but as the decission of the Commissie Kerkum was final he was expected to step back and he announced his retirement in mid December.[92] Van den Herik himself said not the thoughts of the Commissie Kerkum were the key factor for his decision, but the upcoming final result in the fraud case was.Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). When this case was closed Van den Herik decided to step back and was temporary succeeded by Gerard Kerkum himself for the rest of the season, before Dick van Well will take over Van den Herik's position.[93] A new start for the team was announced in January 2007, but the start was interrupted a few days later already. The results of the UEFA commission considering the story about Feyenoord hooligans in Nancy were made public and Feyenoord was excluded immediately from the UEFA Cup competition.[94] The initial fine was reduced to a smaller fine of 60.000 Euros[95] However, the club chose to appeal against the UEFA decision at the Court of Arbitration for Sport, which has announced that a final decision will be rendered 9 February 2007 latest.[96]

In 2008 Feyenoord celebrates her 100th birthday and will organize many events throughout the year. The old "golden logo" will return as Feyenoord's official logo, which was presented at the 2007 new years brunch.[97] During the summer a historical tournament will be held between Feyenoord and the three opponents they met in de European Cup finals they played, Borussia Dortmund, Tottenham Hotspur and Celtic FC.[98]

Stadium

Main article: Feijenoord Stadion

The club's Feijenoord Stadion, located in the Feijenoord district of Rotterdam, is nicknamed De Kuip, Dutch for The Tub.[99] It was built in 1937 and is one of the major European stadiums.[100] It has 51,117 seats and has hosted a record of 10 finals of UEFA club competitions, including the 2002 UEFA Cup Final which was won by Feyenoord.[101]

When driving over the Van Brienenoordbrug every Feyenoord supporter always looks aside to have a look at the stadium.[100] Feyenoord supporters are known to love their stadium as much as their club and are very proud of it.[100] Also for (former) Feyenoord players De Kuip is something special. Mike Obiku once said "Every time you enter the pitch, you're stepping into a lion's home."[100] Feyenoord does not own the stadium, it is an organisation on its own.[100]

In 1935 Feijenoord player Puck van Heel hit the first pole on their way into their new stadium. The stadium was opened on 27 March 1937 and Beerschot was beaten by 5 goals to 2, Leen Vente scored the first goal in De Kuip.[100] Already in the very beginning the stadium was sold out on several occasions and other events held at de Kuip also gained lots of attendance.[100] During the second World War the stadium was one of the few locations which was not bombed, however the Nazi's occupied the stadium.[100] After the war De Kuip became popular location once again. In 1949 the attendance record was broken during the match to decide the Dutch championship between SVV Schiedam and SC Heerenveen; 64,368 fans visited the match.[100]

File:FeyenoordFans 1.jpg
De Kuip after the renovation

Besides football there were also boxing and speedway races in De Kuip, which were also gaining popularity. In 1953 people had to hide inside the stadium because of the massive floods in Holland.[100] On 27 November 1957 Feyenoord played versus Bolton Wanderers during an evening match. It was the first time the floodlights were taken in use.[100] The players entered the pitch in the dark and the fans were asked to light their matchsticks when the floodlights were activated. Since that evening, that match at De Kuip has always been special among Feyenoord fans. [100]

In 1963, De Kuip hosted their first European final (Cup winners' Cup) between Tottenham Hotspur and Atletico de Madrid. Nine more European finals would follow in the years after with Feyenoord's win over Borussia Dortmund in the 2002 UEFA Cup final being the 10th and latest. [100] The attendance record of 1949 was broken in 1968 when 65,427 fans visited the Feyenoord-FC Twente match.[100]

De Kuip in 2006

Stadium songs

Unofficial Feyenoord hymn

Feyenoord's unofficial hymn since 1961 is called "Hand in Hand".[102] Its melody was written in the 19th century by German Wilhelm Speidel. In 1961 Jaap Valkhoff wrote the lyrics which became popular among Feyenoord supporters who adopted the song as their unofficial hymn.[103] Valkhoff wrote lyrics on the same melody for several other teams as well. Among them was Feyenoord's arch rivals Ajax.[104] Nowadays the song is heard wherever Feyenoord plays their matches, but also fans of MVV and Club Brugge have their own version that they sing.[105]

Other songs

When a goal is scored by Feyenoord in their home matches the song I Will Survive, covered by the Hermes House Band, but made famous by Gloria Gaynor in the 1970s is played.[106]

Feyenoord supporters are known to be creative and have a lot off various songs and chants in their equipment during matches. Among the most important Feyenoord songs are "Mijn Feyenoord" by Lee Towers,[107] "Feyenoord, wat gaan we doen vandaag?"' by Cock van der Palm[108] and "De laatste trein naar Rotterdam" by Dorus.[109] During the 2001/2002 season when Feyenoord won the UEFA Cup a parody was launched of the song "Put your hands up" by Black and White Brothers called "Put your hands up for Pi-Air" as a tribute to Pierre (Pi-Air) van Hooijdonk.[110] In the 1970s Coen Moulijn also had a song dedicated to him named "Coentje Coentje Coentje".[111]

Supporters

File:Feyenoord legioen.jpg
Het Legioen jersey

The supporters of Feyenoord are said to be one of the most loyal supporter groups in the world supporting the team during both good or bad times.[112][113] They are nicknamed Het Legioen, Dutch for The Legion and can be found everywhere in The Netherlands and far across the Dutch borders. Squad number 12 is never given to a player, but is reserved for Het Legioen instead.

Popularity

Feyenoord can be called a popular club because they always attract huge amounts of fans.[114] The club's fans excel in European Cup matches played abroad where thousands of fan travel to support their team. Exact numbers on which clubs attract the most fans abroad are not available, but it's known this is a high rate compared to most other European clubs.

In 1963 about 3000 fans boarded on two ships, among thousands of others by train or car and they travelled to Lisbon where Feyenoord faced SL Benfica in the European Cup.[115] When Feyenoord plays abroad in European Cup about 8000 travel together to support their team.[116] Almost 15,000 fans were cheering for their team in 1996 when Feyenoord played in Germany versus Borussia Mönchengladbach.[117] About 40,000 fans visit a regular match at home while top classes versus Ajax, PSV and European Cup opponents are sold out most of the time.[116] About 250,000 fans showed up when Feyenoord's latest Dutch championship was celebrated in 1999 at the Coolsingel in the center of the city.[118] After Feyenoord beat Internazionale in the 2002 UEFA Cup semi final, Inter midfielder Clarence Seedorf said: "I really enjoyed the atmosphere in the Kuip. As an ex-Ajax player I was really given the bird, but that’s all part of the emotions in football. It also illustrates the intense way in which the Feyenoord supporters experience their club’s matches."[119]

Beyond the Netherlands, Feyenoord opened a fanshop in the center of Tokyo, Japan when Japanese player Shinji Ono was a key player at the club, and also in South Korea when Song Chong-Gug played for Feyenoord.[120]

Supportersvereniging

File:Logo fsv.jpg
FSV logo

Feyenoord have one official fan supporters club, the Feyenoord Supportersvereniging.[121] The FSV is completely independent and as of 2006 has a membership of about 23,000.[121] The FSV aim to cater for the wishes and needs of Feyenoord fans, and also operate as a bridge for better communication between the club and fans.[121] Each home game the FSV produce the official match programme rather than Feyenoord itself. FSV also arrange special events known as "supportersavonden" (supporter's evenings).[121], arrange travel for away matches and the mascot for home matches, and participate in Feyenoord projects like Supporters Platform, TIFO team, Kameraadjes and the yearly Open day.[121] The Supporters Platform formed in August 2005 to improve communication between club and fans[122] Within the FSP about 60 supporters are continuously in contact with the staff of the club to discuss club matters.[122] About five times during a season an open meeting is arranged for all other Feyenoord supporters willing to visit and listen to and discuss explanations.

TIFO team

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Feyenoord TIFO Team

In 1998 the Feyenoord Supporters Vereniging were wondering about whether or not it would be possible to create more atmosphere inside the stadium mainly during important matches. As a result, a few huge flags were produced and brought into the stadium prior to matches played by Feyenoord.[123] The flags were a success, but people started asking for more activities and a meeting between fans and officials were arranged. In 2000 Harry Veth was given permission to establish a group of five Feyenoord fans called TIFO team Feyenoord Rotterdam.[123] Besides creating more flags and small pieces of paper released from the second platform the team also started to organise bigger activities. The first big activity was held on 10 December 2000 when Feyenoord faced Ajax and 40 fog machines were activated when the players entered the pitch.[123] In the following years many different and various activities were held to improve the atmosphere inside the stadium. Feyenoord's TIFO team became famous abroad as well and the Italian TIFO foundation awarded Feyenoord the Best of TIFO Award 2000/2001.[124]

Kameraadjes

File:Kameraadjeslogo.jpg
Kameraajes logo

Kids supporting Feyenoord between 0 and 12 years old can join the "Kameraadjes" group. De kameraadjes (The little comrades) get a versatility of little gadgets and advantages according to Feyenoord.[125] Members of the Kameraadjes receive the Kameraadjes magazine, a free stadium tour and a welcoming present.[125] During a season, several events for Kameraadjes members are held, like: a Sinterklaas party, special events during Feyenoord Opening day and the first training of the season, beach soccer tournaments and advantages when visiting a Feyenoord home match.[125] As of 2006 there are 26,500 Kameraadjes.[125]

Jeugdproject

Feyenoord's Jeugdproject (Youth Project) concentrates on children between 6 and 12 years of age, playing football at schools and amateur teams.[126] To show the kids the importance of sports and sportsmanship, Feyenoord invites the children to De Kuip to see what sport can do to people: happiness, disappointment, excitement, emotions, fear and cosines, it brings people together.[126] In Feyenoord's Youth Project visiting a match is the central point, but there is also a educative and cultural character included.[126] Feyenoord provides schools and amateur clubs with small teaching books and expect these to be filled in by the visiting youth when they enter the stadium on a match day.[126] The groups that support Feyenoord in the most original way and those who can predict the score correctly are awarded with prizes.[126]

First training

Every single year Feyenoord fans look forward to the club's first training of the new season. They show up with thousands together and temporary stands are placed around the training pitch.[127] Players signed during the summer will be seen by the fans in public for the first time and the players take some time to sign autographs after the training.[128] Around the training pitch there are several other activities held before the first and in between the first and second training of the day.[127] No other club in the Netherlands attracts as much supporters towards the first training and the new players are positively surprised every year.[129]

  • players applause
    players applause
  • big audience
    big audience
  • temporary stands
    temporary stands

Opening day

File:FeyenoordFans 8.jpg
Feyenoord Fans

A few weeks after the first training but still before the season really starts, the club opens its doors for free for all Feyenoord fans to have fun together and to present the squad for the upcoming season.[130] De Kuip already opens in the morning when there are many activities around the stadium mainly for kids and promotional activities for companies which have a partnership with Feyenoord.[130] Fans can also take a stadium tour and walk on the pitch. The activities inside the stadium itself normally start around noon when there are several performances by various artists. Every year the new Feyenoord ambassador of the year is announced at opening day.[131] A minute of silence will be held for all former Feyenoord players who have passed away and for known fans who have passed away in the previous year.[132] Former Feyenoord players return to De Kuip every year to play versus a team of Dutch celebrities.[133] The stadium activities ends after the squad for the upcoming season is presented to the fans. This is always a special happening, mainly for the new signings of the team. They will be flown into the stadium with helicopters when a full stadium is cheering for them when they arrive.[131] Once they are there the other players and club officials enter the pitch one by one. Last but not least, all players are available for autograph sessions afterwards.[131] Feyenoord's open day attracts about 60,000 to 70,000 fans towards Rotterdam, coming from all over The Netherlands, while there's only 51,117 seats available inside the stadium.[134] The opening day is known as a unique event in the Netherlands. Other clubs also organise opening days, but never attract as many fans as Feyenoord does. The opening day at Ajax, for instance, attracts about 20.000 fans.[135]

Famous Feyenoord fans

Besides a lot of former players who still are fans of the club, there are also many celebrities who openly announce to be a Feyenoord fan. Singer Lee Towers and actor Gerard Cox are known as the most fanatic Feyenoord fans around, talking about the team wherever they show up on TV, radio or magazines.[136] Among other famous Feyenoord fans are politicians Wouter Bos[137] and Jan Marijnissen[138], baseball manager Robert Eenhoorn[139], kidnapped Arjan Erkel[140], judo world champion Dennis van der Geest[141], DJ Paul Elstak[142] and tennis player Raemon Sluiter[143].

Hooliganism

File:FeyenoordFans 7.jpg

Aside from the loyalty of the supporters, which earned Het Legioen the title "Best fans of the country", there is also a hooligan side, which often give the club a bad name.[144] During the UEFA Cup final versus Tottenham Hotspur in 1974 Feyenoord fans were confronted with hooliganism for the first time.[145] Prior to the match English hooligans had been causing damage in the center of Rotterdam already and during the match they climbed over the cages that separated the stands.[146] They were throwing seats, set the stadium on fire and were fighting man to man.[146] About 150 people were wounded and 50 English hooligans were arrested.[146] UEFA-employee Lucien Schmidtlin reported that neither Feyenoord nor Tottenham could be blamed for the riots.[146] After the match the Dutch authorities saw the happenings as a problem that occurred in England and only a few people were warning that these riots might become common, also in the Netherlands.[146] In the years that followed the S.C.F (SCF) was established and a lot of the fanatic Feyenoord fans became part of one of the most feared firms in European football.[147] In Europe they were also known as the "Don't run away" firm and besides fights with other Dutch firms there were some big fights in the 1990s in Germany.[148] 15,000 Feyenoord fans were having control over the German police in Mönchengladbach, while also in Stuttgart and Leverkusen they caused a lot of trouble.[148] The most violent clash where the SCF clinched with Ajax's F-side was on 23 March 1997 when "The battle of Beverwijk" took place and Ajax fan Carlo Picornie was killed by the SCF.[148][149] After this incident several members of the original SCF stepped back and a second generation of hooligans joined those who stayed. The additional firm was known as the RJK (Rotterdamse Jongeren Kern/Rotterdam Youth Squad).[148] Two years later a third firm (FIIIR) was established and merged with the RJK, the FIIIR became the youth squad of the SCF.[148] Another big clash between the firms of Ajax and Feyenoord happened in Rotterdam on 17 April 2005 when hundreds of SCF and FIIIR members fought with the police prior to the match versus Ajax.[150] F-side members were at that time held by the police just outside the stadium and when the announcement was made in the stadium several groups of SCF/FIIIR members left the stadium to find the F-side.[150] When the police tried to avoid the groups to get together both sides attacked the police first before clashing with each other.[150] Many people got injured, police officers and members of both firms.[150] On 30 November 2006 Feyenoord faced AS Nancy in France, which is at driving distance from Rotterdam. Only 1200 tickets were awarded to Feyenoord fans.[151] Much more than that amount travelled to Nancy and tried to get tickets at the Stade Marcel Picot.[151] Later, during the match inside the stadium SCF and FIIIR members broke a wall of glass between two stands and provoked French fans.[151] The match was suspended for 30 minutes in the 80th minute after the police used tear gas to drive the SCF/FIIIR members back into their own stand.[151] The match was eventually finished, 30 minutes after it was suspended.[151] It was said many of the SCF/FIIIR members were having Dutch stadium bans and should not have been allowed to buy tickets in Nancy.[152] Members of SCF and FIIIR identify themselves with their tattoos[148][153] Due to this violence, Feyenoord was knocked out of the UEFA Cup for the remaining of the season. In total there are about 200 members, but when in Rotterdam they are joined by more.[148] Feyenoord hooligans consider themselves among the best and say they have no fear and will never run away.[148] They also call themselves "Rotterdam Hooligans" and "Lunatics", their main slogans are "Vatos Locos Forever", "Feyenoord till we die" and "We shall not be moved".[148][153][154]

Rivalries

Ajax Amsterdam

File:FeyenoordFans 5.jpg
Feyenoord fans prepare for the rivalry

Ajax from Amsterdam are Feyenoord's arch rivals.[155] The two clubs share a long history together and matches between the two clubs are called De Klassieker (The Classic)[156] The rivalry is not only between the two teams, but also a confrontation between the two largest cities of the country, Amsterdam and Rotterdam, two cities with extreme differences in for instance attitude and culture.[156] While Feyenoord is the team of hard working no-nonsense players with guts, anti-heroes that pull their money where their mouth is and fight for every ball contact Ajax on the other hand are a team of mouthy self-assured players, creative artists which most of the time have more technical skills.[156] People from Rotterdam dislike Amsterdam, while people from Amsterdam dislike Rotterdam.[156] Where Amsterdam attracts many tourists from all over the world, for their canals, but also for their historical buildings which survived World War II, Rotterdam was bombed and hardly attracts tourists at all.[156] Amsterdam is seen as an arrogant city; Sparta Rotterdam fan Jules Deelder (nicknamed 'the Night Governor of Rotterdam') once said "Holland's money is earned in Rotterdam, divided in The Hague and flushed down the toilet in Amsterdam."[156] In times one of the two teams underperforms in the league, the meeting between the two teams is still considered to be the biggest game of the season.[156] Stadiums are always packed, the matches get a lot of media attention and high emotions among fans occur.[156] Positive, but also negative emotions; In the past there have been many clashes between the supporters of both clubs, of which the Beverwijk clash in 1997 is the most infamous, with Ajax fan Carlo Picornie being killed and several others injured.[156] In 2004 Feyenoord player Jorge Acuna was taken to hospital with head, neck and rib injuries after Feyenoord players were attacked by Ajax hooligans during a match between the reserve teams of both clubs.[157] Another Feyenoord player, Robin van Persie had to be rescued by Ajax coach John van 't Schip and player Daniël de Ridder.[157] Then in 2005 riots before and after the match happened in Rotterdam and were considered to belong to the worst in the history of Dutch football.[156]

Sparta Rotterdam

Rotterdam is the city with the most professional teams in the Netherlands, besides Feyenoord there are Sparta Rotterdam and Excelsior Rotterdam and therefore the city is often referred to as "Voetbalstad nummer 1" (city of football number 1); Writer Bart in 't Hout wrote a book with this subject and the same title.[158][159] There is a rivalry between the teams, mostly between Feyenoord and Sparta as Excelsior can be seen as Feyenoords feeder club, but it is not comparable to other city clashes like in Glasgow, London, Liverpool, Madrid or Milan for instance. Feyenoord fans often see rather Excelsior or Sparta win a match than any other team. The rivalry between Sparta and Feyenoord is mostly seen on the Sparta side.[160] Some Sparta fans reject to ever enter Feyenoord stadium De Kuip, not even when Sparta reached the KNVB Cup final which was played in De Kuip.[160] Sparta fans often say "Only when De Kuip is burning I will go there to have a look". "I will help the fire fighters, but with benzin instead of water".[160] Other Sparta fans say they will enter De Kuip, but only if they can get in for free.[160] In the 1950s there was much more of a rivalry. One of the key factors for these feelings were created among player Tinus Bosselaar.[161] Bosselaar was a player who played for the Dutch national team who moved from Sparta to Feyenoord in 1954.[161] In his period at Feyenoord he performed that good, that Sparta wanted him to return to the club.[161] Feyenoord took Sparta to court to avoid him leaving the club, but lost the case and Bosselaar left the club.[161] A song about the rivalry between the two teams describes the last hours in the life of an eighty year old lifetime Feyenoord fan who tells his friend to become a member of Sparta before he dies.[161] The reason becomes clear in the last part of the song as he tells his friend he rather sees a dead Sparta fan than a dead Feyenoord fan.[161]

Historical clashes

Through the years Feyenoord has played lots of notable and important matches. Several of these are highlighted in this section.

Date Match Story
26 March 1937 Feijenoord - Beerschot AC Feyenoord wins the opening match in De Kuip 5-2 versus Beerschot AC. Leen Vente is the first player in history to score a goal in the stadium.[162]
8 May 1938 Feijenoord - Arsenal FC Manus Vrauwdeunt is the only goal scorer in the match won by Feijenoord against the English professionals who trashed them a year before.[163]
2 April 1956 Feijenoord - De Volewijckers Henk Schouten scores nine goals in Feyenoord's 11-4 win. He finds the net for a tenth time, but the goal is disallowed.[24]
11 November 1956 Feijenoord - Ajax The first memorable Klassieker from a Feijenoord point of view. Four goals by Daan den Bleijker give Feijenoord a 7-3 win over their arch-rivals.[25]
27 November 1957 Feijenoord - Bolton Wanderers FC 46,000 fans show up to see the first night match in De Kuip as Feyenoord introduces their new floodlight system. Bolton won the match 3-0, but no Feijenoord fan seemed to care.[164]
27 August 1960 Feijenoord - Ajax Ajax is trashed in De Kuip 9-5. Henk Schouten finds the net four times.[25]
12 December 1962 Feijenoord - Vasas SC 30,000 Feijenoord fans see the team beat Vasas 1-0 in the play-off for the second round of the European Cup 1962-63 held in Antwerp.[165]
8 May 1963 SL Benfica - Feijenoord Second leg of the semi final for the European Cup 1962-63 after a 0-0 draw in Rotterdam. Thousands of Feijenoord fans travel to Lisbon, while over hundreds of thousands fans wave the fans goodbye in the passage to Lisbon. Benfica won 3-1 to reach the final.[166]
29 November 1964 Feijenoord - Ajax Another memorable Klassieker as Feijenoord trashes Ajax 9-4 with five goals by Hans Venneker. The excuse of Ajax was that their goalkeeper was wearing his wife's contact lenses.[25]
8 September 1965 Feijenoord - Real Madrid Preliminary round for the European Cup 1965-66. A packed stadium sees Hans Kraay leaving the pitch injured after 31 minutes without being substituted. He returns at the start of the second half and scores the goal which resulted in a 2-1 win. During the match fans' favourite Coen Moulijn is attacked roughly by a Spanish defender. Moulijn, who had always been a gentleman chases the defender all over the pitch. Several other players do the same as well as some fans who entered the pitch. The referee could do nothing but suspending the match at 2-1 in Feijenoord's favour. Two weeks later Real would trash Feyenoord 5-0, to eventually win the European Cup that season.[167]
26 November 1969 Feijenoord - AC Milan Second leg in the second round of the European Cup 1969-70, where Feijenoord had lost the first leg 1-0. Feijenoord led by Ernst Happel manages to defeat the European giants by goals of Wim Jansen and Willem van Hanegem, the winning goal is scored seven minutes from time.[168]
6 May 1970 Feijenoord - Celtic FC Final of the European Cup 1969-70 held in San Siro in Milan. Feijenoord is the first club in the history of Dutch football to win the European Cup. A goal in the 27th minute of extra time by Ove Kindvall gave Feijenoord the cup. 140,000 fans celebrated the win with the players at the Coolsingel (main street of Rotterdam) the day after as well as thousands of people along the highways.[169]
19 September 1970 Feijenoord - Estudiantes de La Plata Second leg for the 1970 Intercontinental Cup after a 2-2 draw in Argentina. Feijenoord wins the match 1-0 thanks to a goal scored by Joop van Daele, which makes Feijenoord the first Dutch team to become World Champions. Estudiantes player Oscar Malbernat gets frustrated and grabs Van Daele's glasses and tramples on it. You are not allowed to play with glasses was his excuse, at least not in South America.[40]
29 May 1974 Feyenoord - Tottenham Hotspur FC Second leg of the UEFA Cup 1973-74. Feyenoord becomes the first Dutch team to win the UEFA Cup in the history of Dutch football due to goals by Wim Rijsbergen and Peter Ressel. The match is overshadowed by the first ever confrontation with hooliganism in the Netherlands.[40]
11 April 1991 PSV - Feyenoord After the worst period in Feyenoord's history and a 6-0 defeat in the league versus the same team Feyenoord faces PSV in the semi final of the 1991 KNVB Cup. With Wim Jansen as their new manager Feyenoord starts a new period, beats PSV 0-1 due to a Henk Fräser goal and march on to win the cup.[170]
14 August 1991 PSV - Feyenoord 1991 Supercup match. Feyenoord becomes the first winner of the newly born Super Cup. Thanks to a goal scored by Marian Damaschin Feyenoord wins 0-1.[170]
15 April 1992 Feyenoord - AS Monaco Second leg in the semi final for the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1991-92. After a 1-1 draw in Monaco the final is in Feyenoord's hands and the stadium is packed. George Weah and Rui Barros give Monaco a 0-2 and Feyenoord fights back through goals by Rob Witschge and Marian Damaschin. Damaschin almost scores the winning goal in injury time, but Feyenoord was eliminated.[170][171]
31 May 1993 FC Groningen - Feyenoord Eredivisie Championship decider played in Groningen. In De Kuip 33.000 fans watch the match on a huge television screen, a unique happening in these days. Feyenoord beats Groningen 0-5 and wins the Eredivisie for the first time in nine years.[172]
20 October 1993 FC Porto - Feyenoord First leg in the second round of the UEFA Champions League 1993-94. Feyenoord tries to qualify for the group phase for the first time in the club's history, but fails to FC Porto, which wins the match 1-0 with a goal scored by Domingos in injury time. During the match John de Wolf is knocked down by Jorge Couto, while Peter Bosz is sent off of the pitch.[173]
3 November 1994 Werder Bremen - Feyenoord Second leg in the last sixteen of the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1994-95. The first match in Rotterdam was won 1-0 by Feyenoord. In Bremen Werder scores the first goal to equalise it all. Henrik Larsson however plays his best match in his Feyenoord career and scores three times. The final result is 3-4 and Feyenoord advances to the next round.[174]
8 March 1995 Ajax - Feyenoord Quarter final in the 1995 KNVB Cup as Feyenoord visits the team that would win the UEFA Champions League 1994-95 later that season. Ajax was leading 1-0 when Ruud Heus equalises with a penalty just before time. In the extra time Feyenoord becomes the only team to beath Ajax in the season when they won the Eredivisie and the Champions League unbeaten. The goal scored by Mike Obiku is the decider as the new golden goal rule becomes in use.[175] [176]
7 March 1996 Borussia Mönchengladbach - Feyenoord First leg of the quarter finals in the UEFA Cup Winners' Cup 1995-96. A total of 14,000 Feyenoord fans travel to Germany to support the team. Mönchengladbach takes the lead twice, but Jean-Paul van Gastel and Ronald Koeman both score and the match ends in a 2-2 draw. The return in Rotterdam is won 1-0 and Feyenoord advances to the semi finals where they lost to SK Rapid Wien.[177][178]
26 November 1997 Feyenoord - Juventus Feyenoord's debut in the UEFA Champions League 1997-98 was tough as they faced a group including Juventus and Manchester United FC. After losing to Manchester twice and a 5-1 defeat in Italy Feyenoord faces Juventus in their own stadium. At half time the score is 0-0 and Feyenoord is able to pressure Juventus. In the second half Julio Ricardo Cruz scores two goals and gave Feyenoord their third win in the group, after two wins against FC Košice.[179]
15 September 1998 VfB Stuttgart - Feyenoord First leg in the first round of the UEFA Cup 1998-99. Feyenoord takes a 0-2 lead against the favourite Germans thanks to Jean-Paul van Gastel and Jon Dahl Tomasson. When Fredi Bobic scored for Stuttgart, Tomasson adds another one before half time. Feyenoord cruises to the end.[180] Two weeks later Feyenoord would be eliminated by a 90th minute goal scored by Bobic giving Stuttgart a 0-3 away win.[181]
15 August 1999 Ajax - Feyenoord 1999 Johan Cruijff-schaal played in the Amsterdam ArenA. Feyenoord takes a 0-2 lead, goal scorers are Jon Dahl Tomasson and Bonaventure Kalou. Ajax fights back and after 53 minutes the score is 2-2. Four minutes before time a powershot from a free kick by Patrick Paauwe gives Feyenoord the trophy over their arch rivals.[182]
2 November 1999 Feyenoord - Rosenborg BK Decisive match in the UEFA Champions League 1999-00 first group stage, where Feyenoord needed to win to qualify. Feyenoord squandered a lot of chances during the match, but five minutes before time Somalia scores the winning goal and Feyenoord advances to the second group stage.[183]
7 December 1999 Feyenoord - Olympique Marseille Second group stage in the UEFA Champions League 1999-00 after losing the first match against Chelsea FC 3-1. Feyenoord captain Kees van Wonderen is sent off the pitch early in the match after a clinch with Robert Pires. At half time the score is still 0-0 and Feyenoord starts attacking in the second half. In the 72nd minute Julio Ricardo Cruz finds the net and Feyenoord continues in the remaining part of the match. A second goal was added by Paul Bosvelt, while Cruz scored another time to set the final score at 3-0.[184]
6 December 2001 SC Freiburg - Feyenoord Second leg in the third round of the UEFA Cup 2001-02 after a 1-0 win in Rotterdam. Freiburg takes a first half lead and with a penalty in the early second half they lead 2-0 and Feyenoord's future does not look bright. However Pierre van Hooijdonk's trademark (the direct free kick) from an impossible looking position saves Feyenoord as it ends up in the goal. In the final minutes Leonardo Santiago scores the equaliser.[185]
28 February 2002 Feyenoord - Rangers FC Second leg in the fourth round of the UEFA Cup 2001-02 after a 1-1 draw in Glasgow. Rangers scores the first goal of the match to take an early lead. Pierre van Hooijdonk changes the game with two identical free kicks and sets the half time score at 2-1. Bonaventure Kalou scores the 3-1 in the second half, but Patrick Paauwe is sent off and Rangers get themselves a penalty to reduce the score to 3-2. In the final minutes of the game Feyenoord remains in front and advances to the quarter final.[185]
21 March 2002 Feyenoord - PSV Second leg in the quarter final of the UEFA Cup 2001-02 after a 1-1 draw in Eindhoven. Feyenoord dominates the match in their own stadium, but Mark van Bommel scores a second half goal, giving PSV good chances to go through. Feyenoord attacks but is unable to equalise until in the dying minute of injury time Pierre van Hooijdonk heads the equaliser in the net. In the extra time Van Bommel faces a red card and has to leave the pitch. Feyenoord creates chances, but is unable to score and a penalty shoot-out has to decide the winner. Giorgi Gakhokidze misses PSV's fifth penalty and Van Hooijdonk saves Feyenoord once again when he scores the final penalty.[185]
4 April 2002 Internazionale - Feyenoord First leg in the semi final of the UEFA Cup 2001-02. Feyenoord dominates the match in Milan which gets to a 0-0 half time score. In the second half Feyenoord continue their play which results in an own goal by Ivan Cordoba. In the remaining time Inter created some chances but were unable to score. In Rotterdam Feyenoord took an 2-0 lead and however Inter came back to 2-2 Feyenoord secured their spot in the final.[185]
8 May 2002 Feyenoord - Borussia Dortmund Final of the UEFA Cup 2001-02 played in De Kuip. In his last match of his career Jürgen Kohler tackles Jon Dahl Tomasson in the box and is sent off, while Feyenoord receives a penalty after 30 minutes. Pierre van Hooijdonk scores and gives Feyenoord an early lead. A few minutes later Van Hooijdonck uses his trademark once again and his free kick beats goalkeeper Jens Lehmann again and sets the half time score at 2-0. In the second half Marcio Amoroso scores the 2-1 from the penalty spot, but Tomasson is sent away by Van Hooijdonk after 54 minutes and the 3-1 is scored. Jan Koller makes it 3-2 and in the dying minutes Dortmund almost scores the equaliser. The final result meant Feyenoord's first international trophy in 28 years.[186]

Famous Feyenoord Players

Feyenoord managers

Feyenoord has had managers from all over Europe. In the earlier years it were mainly English managers as football was already professional over there. Feyenoord's first Dutch manager was Engel Geneugelijk (ad interim), while Richard Dombi can be seen as the first successful coach. He lead the team in three different periods. During the club's weakest period in history Feyenoord was managed by two managers at once, Dutchman Pim Verbeek and Swedish Gunder Bengtsson. Bengtsson was the last foreign manager to lead Feyenoord. Feyenoord's international trophies were won by Ernst Happel, Wiel Coerver and Bert van Marwijk.[187]

Feyenoord chairmen

Where Feyenoord's managers came from all over Europe the chairmen were mainly Dutch, with Amandus Lundqvist from Sweden as the only exception. With 28 years Cor Kieboom was the longest reigning chairman in the club's history.[188]

Feyenoord media

Feyenoord television

Since 2000 Feyenoord has its own television network which is shown weekly on SBS6.[189] The show features interviews with players and other team members as well as documentaries about the team.[189] As of the 2006-07 season Feyenoord launched its own Feyenoord TV project on their website with daily news and reports that tells everything about the club.[190]

Feyenoord newspaper

In 1993 Feyenoord introduced their own newspaper named the Feyenoord Krant, being the first and only Dutch club to offer their fans this feature.[191] New editions of the newspaper are released every two weeks, while in weeks of European football an extra edition will be made.[191] From the beginning the quantity of produced newspapers is stable at a total of 25.000 per edition.[191] The paper is created on Sunday, produced and sent on Monday, while it arrives on Tuesday at the members or in the stores.[191] Inside the newspaper news, background information, interviews, reports and columns by Feyenoord related figures can be found.[191]

Feyenoord websites

Feyenoord was one of the latest Dutch teams to open their own official website on 21 May 2001.[192] Prior to that Feyenoord fans had to check the news in the Feyenoord Krant, websites created by fans, or external news related websites, newspapers and television.[192] Since the opening of the website improvements were made fast and lots of information became available for anyone interested.[192] Feyenoord offers streaming videos, players biographies and photos.[192] Players write their own diaries and react on questions from fans as well.[192] For the international fans a website in the English language was created and with the signings of Shinji Ono and Song Chong-Gug the club's popularity grew in Japan and South Korea, resulting in a creation of a Japanese and Korean website as well.[193] As of 2004 Feyenoord shares a website with Unicef as they have been committed to children's welfare for many years due to Feyenoord's project in Ghana. On the website which is called "2 teams 1 goal" details on projects and developments are made visual for the public.[194] When Hossam Ghaly played at Feyenoord another foreign language website was created for the Arabian fans.[195] With Feyenoord's 100 year existence coming up another site was released in January 2007 to let Feyenoord fans see what activities will be held and when.[196] With the world of internet becoming more important in the society Feyenoord also opened their official Live.com and YouTube pages in 2006.[189]

Other media

Feyenoord also offers the option to follow the club with news and statistics on cell phones or email.[189] For each and every home match a daily program magazine is created and children who are members of the Kameraadjes also receive a magazine.[189] At the beginning of the season Feyenoord produces a new presentation magazine, while at the end of the season a Feyenoord yearbook is created.[189]

Current squad

As of February 1, 2007. Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
2 DF Tunisia TUN Karim Saidi
3 DF Belgium BEL Timothy Derijck
4 DF Brazil BRA André Bahia
6 MF Netherlands NED Theo Lucius (captain)
7 MF Netherlands NED Danny Buijs
8 MF Canada CAN Jacob Lensky
9 FW Netherlands NED Pierre van Hooijdonk (vice-captain)
10 MF Netherlands NED Nicky Hofs
11 FW Belgium BEL Stein Huysegems
14 MF Chile CHI Sebastián Pardo
15 FW Greece GRE Angelos Charisteas
16 MF Netherlands NED Alfred Schreuder
17 DF Belgium BEL Philippe Léonard
No. Pos. Nation Player
18 DF Netherlands NED Serginho Greene
20 DF Netherlands NED Ron Vlaar
21 DF Netherlands NED Dwight Tiendalli
22 FW Finland FIN Joonas Kolkka
23 MF Ghana GHA Mohammed Abubakari
24 DF Netherlands NED Royston Drenthe
28 FW Netherlands NED Romeo Castelen
29 FW Netherlands NED Tim Vincken
30 GK Netherlands NED Patrick Lodewijks
31 GK Netherlands NED Henk Timmer
32 GK Egypt EGY Sherif Ekramy
33 MF Canada CAN Jonathan de Guzmán
39 DF Belgium BEL Pieter Collen

Out on loan

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
19 FW Morocco MAR Ali Boussaboun (FC Utrecht)
— FW Brazil BRA Gèrson Magrão (CR Flamengo)
— DF Ghana GHA Akwasi Nana Asare (KV Mechelen)
— MF Netherlands NED Mark Otten (N.E.C.)
— FW Netherlands NED Diego Biseswar (Heracles Almelo)
— DF Ghana GHA Christian Gyan (Excelsior)

Club officials

File:JohnMetgod.jpg
John Metgod

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.

No. Pos. Nation Player
— Netherlands NED Gerard Kerkum (Chairman)
— Netherlands NED Erwin Koeman (Head coach/manager)
— Netherlands NED John Metgod (Assistent Coach)
— Netherlands NED Henk Duut (Assistent Coach]])
— Netherlands NED Pim Doesburg (Goalkeeping Coach)

Partnerships

See also: Excelsior Rotterdam, Feyenoord Academy, and Újpest FC

Sportclub Feyenoord

File:Scfeyenoordlogo.JPG
Sportclub Feyenoord logo

Sportclub Feyenoord is Feyenoord's amateur and youth side, who have played at Varkenoord, directly behind De Kuip since 1949.[23] Sportclub Feyenoord's annual youth trials attract a large number of hopefuls, with thousands of boys attempting to impress the coaches.[23]

The Feyenoord squad typically contains a number of players who joined the club after playing for Sportclub Feyenoord, and several players from Sportclub Feyenoord have progressed to have successful careers at international level, including Puck van Heel, Wim Jansen and Giovanni van Bronckhorst.[23] A number of high profile managers also started their coaching careers at Varkenoord, including Clemens Westerhof and Leo Beenhakker.[23]

Partnerships with other clubs

As of 2007, Feyenoord currently have three formal partnerships, a satellite club arrangement with nearby Excelsior Rotterdam, a partnership with Hungary's Újpest FC and the Feyenoord Academy in Ghana. The most of strongest of these partnerships is that with Excelsior, who since 1996 have loaned young Feyenoord players on the verge of the first team.[197] The purpose of this is to allow them to experience regular first-team football, aiding their development while simultaneously strengthening Excelsior's squad. The highest profile players to have played at Excelsior as part of this arrangement are Thomas Buffel and Salomon Kalou, who were both subsequently involved in transfer deals worth several million Euros.[198][199]. The partnership between Feyenoord and Excelsior was scaled back in 2006, though the clubs still work together.[200]

Feyenoord's co-operation with Újpest FC started when Hungarian ex-footballer and former Feyenoord player Jószef Kiprich joined the Hungarian team as a under 19 coach and started as a scout for Feyenoord.[201]

The academy in Ghana arose form a visit by Feyenoord chairman Jorien van den Herik to Abidjan to sign the then unknown Bonaventure Kalou, when ven den Herik contacted with the education institute at Kalou’s club.[197] The academy was built in Fetteh, just outside Accra. after go-ahead for an was given by the Chief of Fetteh in 1998. At the academy, young talented African footballers can work on their football skills. In addition to helping their football potential the students are provided with formal education which is funded by Feyenoord.[197] The Feyenoord Academy currently play their matches in the OneTouch Premier League.

The club has also entered into several other partnerships which are now discontinued, most extensively in Brazil with América Futebol Clube and J.J.'s football school in Rio de Janeiro. Other clubs who have previously entered partnerships with Feyenoord include Parramatta Power, Nagoya Grampus Eight, Boldklubben 1893, Helsingborgs IF, Supersport United, KVC Westerlo, KV Mechelen, Breiðablik UBK, FC Lyn Oslo, SMS Lodz, Omiya Ardija and Jiangsu Shuntian.[197][202]


Sponsorships

Fortis cars

As of the 1981-92 Eredivisie season the KNVB allowed the teams participating in the league to use sponsor names on their shirts in exchange for money.[203] At the time Feyenoord's shirts were produced by Adidas and the first main sponsor became the Dutch Yellow pages called Gouden Gids.[203] In the second half of the 1982-83 season Adidas was replaced by Puma as the shirt supplier.[203] As a result the Gouden Gids name was enlarged and was more visible on the shirts.[203] Gouden Gids sponsored the team until 1984, when Opel became the new sponsor.[203] The deal between Feyenoord and Opel lasted until 1989, but in 1987 Puma no longer produced the shirts, but Hummel International.[203] In 1989 Hummel produced the shirts sponsored by HCS. Adidas came back to the club in 1990, at the time that HCS got into big financial troubles and got bankrupt and was unable to sponsor Feyenoord any longer.[203] Where HCS left Adidas stayed and the new main sponsor became Stad Rotterdam Verzekeringen.[203] This turned out to be a longterm deal as they were Feyenoord's main sponsor until 2004, when it was overtaken by Fortis.[203] Since that time Fortis is the club's sponsor and the current contract was extended to 2009 with an option of three more seasons on 18 January 2007, the day before Feyenoord was excluded from the UEFA Cup 2006-07.[204] Feyenoord's kits are currently produced by Kappa, which replaced Adidas in 2000.[203]

Years Main sponsor Years Shirt producer
1981-1984 Gouden Gids 1981-1982 Adidas
1984-1989 Opel 1982-1987 Puma
1989-1991 HCS 1987-1990 Hummel International
1991-2004 Stad Rotterdam Verzekeringen 1990-2000 Adidas
2004-2009 Fortis 2000-2007 Kappa

Honours

Dutch Trophies

  • Dutch Championships (14): 1924, 1928, 1936, 1938, 1940, 1961, 1962, 1965, 1969, 1971, 1974, 1984, 1993, 1999
  • Dutch Cup (10): 1930, 1935, 1965, 1969, 1980, 1984, 1991, 1992, 1994, 1995.
  • Supercup: 1991, 1999.

International Trophies

Feyenoord were the first Dutch club to win the UEFA Champions Cup, the UEFA Cup and the Intercontinental Cup. They were founder members of the Eredivisie in 1954, and have never been relegated.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Feyenoord.
Official websites
General fan sites
News sites

Template:Fb start Template:UEFA Cup 2006/07

Template:Fb end

References

  1. ^ Feyenoord Profile, uefa.com
  2. ^ 'Big Three' donate 150,000 euros for aid to tsunami victims, ajax-usa.com
  3. ^ Competitive balance in Dutch soccer, som.elduc.ub.rug.nl
  4. ^ Feyenoord honours, ajax-usa.com
  5. ^ hoogtepunten per jaartal, feyenoordtime.nl
  6. ^ Wist u dat..., stadionfeijenoord.nl
  7. ^ Welkom bij Eredivisie.nl, eredivisie.nl
  8. ^ a b Dutch leagues and clubs, ussoccerplayers.com
  9. ^ Dat zijn nou typisch Feyenoorders, bol.com
  10. ^ Coventric, rsssf.com
  11. ^ a b Oprichting Wilhelmina, frgoals.nl
  12. ^ a b c HFC en Celeritas, frgoals.nl
  13. ^ a b c d e Tot Feijenoord en de eerste prijzen, frgoals.nl
  14. ^ a b c Netherlands Cup Finals, rsssf.com
  15. ^ a b c Feijenoord werkt aan prijzenkast, frgoals.nl Cite error: The named reference "hist4" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  16. ^ Historie van Stadion Feijenoord, vasf.nl
  17. ^ De Kuip, feyenoordleven.nl
  18. ^ a b c Landstitel in Sparta Stadion, frgoals.nl
  19. ^ a b Dutch Championships, rsssf.com
  20. ^ Bombing of Rotterdam, holland.com
  21. ^ In memoriam Casper Somers, rodaworld.limboo.com
  22. ^ a b De nieuwe start, frgoals.nl
  23. ^ a b c d e Over Mario Giovanni en het dromen in de schaduw van de Kuip, feyenoord.nl Cite error: The named reference "varkenoord" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  24. ^ a b Gedenkwaardige wedstrijden, feyenoord.nl
  25. ^ a b c d e The rival, feyenoord.nl
  26. ^ New Stadium, feyenoord.nl
  27. ^ a b c Landstitels en de dubbel(s), frgoals.nl
  28. ^ http://www.voetbalstats.nl/ec/802.html IFK Göteborg - Feyenoord 0 - 3],voetbalstats.nl
  29. ^ http://www.voetbalstats.nl/ec/803.html Feyenoord - IFK Göteborg 8 - 2],voetbalstats.nl
  30. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Feyenoord in Europa, voetbalstats.nl
  31. ^ Intertoto Cup 1961/62, rsssf.com
  32. ^ a b c d e Passage to Lisbon, feyenoord.com
  33. ^ 10-04-1963 Halve finale EC1 Feyenoord-Benfica 0-0, voetbalstats.nl
  34. ^ 08-05-1963 Halve finale return EC1 Benfica-Feyenoord 3-1, voetbalstats.nl
  35. ^ De avond waarop Puskas in De Kuip speelde, feyenoordgeschiedenis.net
  36. ^ 1969 European Cup Final, voetbalstats.nl
  37. ^ 1970 European Cup Final, voetbalstats.nl
  38. ^ Toyota Intercontinental Cup, netvasco.com.br
  39. ^ Vervolg van succesvolle jaren, frgoals.nl
  40. ^ a b c Party in Rotterdam, feyenoord.nl
  41. ^ Feyenoord gaat door, frgoals.nl
  42. ^ Wist u dat..., stadionfeijenoord.nl
  43. ^ Tottenham Hotspur-Feyenoord 1974, voetbalstats.nl
  44. ^ Feyenoord-Tottenham Hotspur 1974, voetbalstats.nl
  45. ^ England told: more rioting and you're out, guardian.co.uk
  46. ^ a b c Splitsing en weer prijzen, frgoals.nl
  47. ^ a b Playing for Feyenoord, cruijff.com
  48. ^ 1983 Ajax-Feyenoord 8-2, footballderbies.com
  49. ^ Ajax vs. Feyenoord since 1922, rsssf.com
  50. ^ KNVB-beker finales, foot.dk
  51. ^ Feyenoord Final League Standings, foot.dk
  52. ^ Eredivisie 1989/90, foot.dk
  53. ^ De zwarte bladzij, uva.nl
  54. ^ Feyenoord manager history, ronaldzwiers
  55. ^ Amstel Cup 1990-1991, ronaldzwiers
  56. ^ Netherlands list of Super Cup finals, rsssf.com
  57. ^ Amstel Cup 1991-1992, ronzwiers
  58. ^ a b 1993 Groningen-Feyenoord 0-5, qontour.nl
  59. ^ Ajax-Feyenoord, Mike Obiku scoort in sudden death, feyenoord.nl
  60. ^ The curious world of Ajax, funtrivia.com
  61. ^ Borussia Mönchengladbach-Feyenoord, voetbalstats.nl
  62. ^ Over de Grote Beer, havenarbeiders op de tribune en veertienduizend fans in Düsseldorf, feyenoord.nl
  63. ^ Rapid Wien-Feyenoord 3-0, voetbalstats.nl
  64. ^ Champions League 1997/1998 Standings and results, zanziball.it
  65. ^ a b LAATSTE WOORD JORIEN VAN DEN HERIK IN HOGER BEROEP ’FIOD-AFFAIRE’, feyenoord.nl
  66. ^ Feye fraud, precision-football.com
  67. ^ Harde maatregelen voorkomen rellen niet, sovs.nl
  68. ^ Netherlands list of Super Cup finals, rsssf.com
  69. ^ a b Champions League 1999/2000 Standings and results, zanziball.it
  70. ^ Champions League 2001/2002 Standings and results, zanziball.it
  71. ^ a b c d e Van Hooijdonk fires Feyenoord up, uefa.com
  72. ^ UEFA Cup 2002 - Feyenoord-PSV, voetbalstats.nl
  73. ^ PSV in de UEFA Cup, planet.nl
  74. ^ UEFA Cup Results/Fixtures 2002, the-English-football-archive.com
  75. ^ Low-key plans for Uefa final, bbc.co.uk
  76. ^ Feyenoord UEFA Cup Finale 2002, cheeseheadz.net
  77. ^ FC Utrecht, Holland's supreme cupfighters, ajax-usa.com
  78. ^ Feyenoord cleared of fraud, soccerway.com
  79. ^ Eredivisie 2005/06, foot.dk
  80. ^ Feyenoord's play-off nightmare came true at ArenA: 3-0, ajax-usa.com
  81. ^ Chelsea sign Feyenoord star Kalou, bbc.co.uk
  82. ^ Liverpool complete deal for Kuyt, bbc.co.uk
  83. ^ Fans Feyenoord zijn woedend na komst Charisteas, hln.be
  84. ^ Feyenoord onder curatele, nu.nl
  85. ^ Pedersen hit by beer bomb, itv-football.co.uk
  86. ^ Feyenoord sink as Nancy roar, uefa.com
  87. ^ UEFA charges Feyenoord, uefa.com
  88. ^ Aanklager UEFA in beroep tegen straf Feyenoord, feyenoord.nl
  89. ^ RTV Rijnmond: Van den Herik beraadt zich over positie, feyenoordleven.nl
  90. ^ Commissie Kerkum voor het eerst bijeen., feyenoord.nl
  91. ^ Advies Commissie Kerkum nu online, feyenoord.nl
  92. ^ Van den Herik kondigt vertrek aan, feyenoord.nl
  93. ^ Kerkum volgt Van den Herik tijdelijk op, daarna komt Van Well, feyenoord.nl
  94. ^ Aanklager UEFA in beroep tegen straf Feyenoord., feyenoord.nl
  95. ^ Feyenoord excluded from UEFA Cup, uefa.com
  96. ^ Feyenoord Rotterdam to file an appeal with the Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS), tas-cas.org
  97. ^ Feyenoord 100 jaar, feyenoordleven.nl
  98. ^ Borussia, Spurs en Celtic naar Kuip, ad.nl
  99. ^ Feyenoord revive glory days, bbc.co.uk
  100. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Stadion Feijenoord - historie, vasf.nl
  101. ^ Stadiums European Cup finals, stadiumguide.com
  102. ^ Feyenoord, ajax-usa.com
  103. ^ Jaap Valkhoff, de deinende boeien, muziekweb.nl
  104. ^ Tante Leen, hand in hand, popinstituut.nl
  105. ^ Soccer chants, wanadoo.nl
  106. ^ Hermes House Band, discogs.com
  107. ^ Lee Towers - Mijn Feyenoord, peterkoelewijn.nl
  108. ^ Cock van der Palm - Feyenoord, wat gaan we doen vandaag?, muziek.bibliotheek.nl
  109. ^ Tom Manders (Dorus) als Rotterdammer, rotterdammers.nl
  110. ^ Put your hands up for Pi-Air, feyenoordaubry.tripod.com
  111. ^ [=13&catalogus=ALLES Benny Boy catalogus], muziekweb.nl
  112. ^ DIRK KUYT WILL BE A SENSATION AT LIVERPOOL, liverpoolfc.tv
  113. ^ Rotterdammed, rainbowhearts.co.uk
  114. ^ The club history, feyenoord.com
  115. ^ Passage to Lisbon, feyenoord.com
  116. ^ a b Toeschouwers gemiddelden, feyenoord.netwerk.to
  117. ^ history of the legion, feyenoord.nl
  118. ^ [1], Het Legioen, nl.wikipedia
  119. ^ SEEDORF IMPRESSED BY THE LEGION AND ITS TEAM, feyenoord.com
  120. ^ Feyenoord Fanshops, feyenoord.com
  121. ^ a b c d e De Feyenoord Supportersvereniging, feyenoord.nl
  122. ^ a b Feyenoord Supporters Platform (uitleg), feyenoord.nl
  123. ^ a b c TIFO Team Feyenoord Rotterdam, tifonet.nl
  124. ^ THE BEST OF TIFO 2000/01 TIFO NORTHSTAND FEYENOORD, tifo.it
  125. ^ a b c d Kameraadjes, feyenoord.nl
  126. ^ a b c d e Jeugdproject, feyenoord.nl
  127. ^ a b Eerste training, feyenoord.nl
  128. ^ Eerste training 2006/07, fr-fotopage.nl
  129. ^ Eerste training Feyenoord, soccercity.nl
  130. ^ a b Open Dag 2005, ego2.nl
  131. ^ a b c Open Dag Feyenoord, ad.nl
  132. ^ Minuut stilte voor overleden oud-Feyenoorders en supporters, fr-fanatic
  133. ^ Verslag Open Dag Feyenoord, v-bal.nl
  134. ^ Massale drukte Open dag, cybercomm.nl
  135. ^ Open Dag Ajax 2006, kpnplanet.nl
  136. ^ Het lied van Feyenoord, uitgeverijnijghenvanditmar.nl
  137. ^ De ongrijpbare Wouter Bos, elsevier.nl
  138. ^ Liefde voor de underdog, janmarijnissen.nl
  139. ^ Feyenoord ambassadeur Robert Eenhoorn, feyenoord.nl
  140. ^ Going Dutch, portobellofilmfestival.com
  141. ^ Van der Geest, feyenoord.nl
  142. ^ Bro Hymn, last.fm
  143. ^ Raemon Sluiter gelooft in vooruitgang, feyenoord.nl
  144. ^ Beste supporters van het land, vi.nl
  145. ^ First hooligans in the Netherlands, bruna.nl
  146. ^ a b c d e Feyenoord en de voetbalrellen van 1974, sportgeschiedenis.nl
  147. ^ Dutch hooligans, telegraph.co.uk
  148. ^ a b c d e f g h i SC Feyenoord Rotterdam Hooligans
  149. ^ Battle of Beverwijk, ajax-usa.com
  150. ^ a b c d Relschoppers Feyenoord-Ajax, spitsnet.nl
  151. ^ a b c d e Ongeregeldheden in Nancy, nu.nl
  152. ^ Stadionverboden
  153. ^ a b Feyenoord SCF, qontour.nl
  154. ^ [2], feyenoord-forever.nl
  155. ^ Feyenoord striker force too much for Ajax: 1-2, ajax-usa.com
  156. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "NO WORDS, BUT DEEDS!" - INTRODUCTION TO AN ETERNAL RIVALRY, ajax-usa.com
  157. ^ a b Feyenoord's Acuna hurt after attack by Ajax hooligans, chinadailly.com
  158. ^ De derby van Rotterdam: Feyenoord-Sparta, soccernews.nl
  159. ^ Rotterdam voetbalstad nr. 1, marktplaza.nl
  160. ^ a b c d Gratis naar binnen op Zuid, itwm.nl
  161. ^ a b c d e f Feitjes en weetjes over Feyenoord, sportgeschiedenis.nl
  162. ^ Feyenoord, de trots van Zuid, feyenoord.nl
  163. ^ Beerschot en Arsenal, feyenoordgeschiedenis.net
  164. ^ New Stadium, feyenoord.nl
  165. ^ On van Daele's glasses, the cup, the Kuip and the party in Bremen, feyenoord.nl
  166. ^ Passage to Lisbon, feyenoord.nl
  167. ^ De avond waarop Puskas in De Kuip speelde, feyenoordgeschiedenis.net
  168. ^ Feyenoord-AC Milan 1969, nationaalarchief.nl
  169. ^ Feyenoord van 1960 tot 1970
  170. ^ a b c 8e plaats en bekerwinnaar, feyenoordhvh.nl
  171. ^ Feyenoord-AS Monaco, voetbalstats.nl
  172. ^ Kampioen, feyenoordhvh.nl
  173. ^ FC Porto-Feyenoord, voetbalstats.nl
  174. ^ Werder Bremen-Feyenoord, voetbalstats.nl
  175. ^ Ajax-Feyenoord, Mike Obiku scoort in sudden death, feyenoord.nl
  176. ^ The curious world of Ajax, funtrivia.com
  177. ^ Borussia Mönchengladbach-Feyenoord, voetbalstats.nl
  178. ^ Over de Grote Beer, havenarbeiders op de tribune en veertienduizend fans in Düsseldorf, feyenoord.nl
  179. ^ On van Daele’s glasses, the cup, the Kuip and the party in Bremen, feyenoord.nl
  180. ^ VfB Stuttgart-Feyenoord, beijen.net
  181. ^ Feyenoord-VfB Stuttgart, beijen.net
  182. ^ Feyenoord-Ajax, beijen.net
  183. ^ Knalfeest voor Feyenoord, telegraaf.nl
  184. ^ Champions League Group D, bbc.co.uk
  185. ^ a b c d SC Freiburg-Feyenoord, cheeseheadz.net
  186. ^ Feyenoord 3 - 2 Borussia Dortmund, soccernet.com
  187. ^ Alle trainers van 1908 tot en met 2006, fr4ever.nl
  188. ^ [3], feyenoord.nl
  189. ^ a b c d e f Feyenoord media, feyenoord.nl
  190. ^ Feyenoord TV, feyenoord.nl
  191. ^ a b c d e Feyenoord Krant, feyenoord.nl
  192. ^ a b c d e Feyenoord website in bedrijf, feyenoord.nl
  193. ^ Feyenoord lanceert in juni Koreaanse website, feyenoord.nl
  194. ^ Two teams, one goal, 2teams1goal.com
  195. ^ Feyenoord lanceert Arabische site, feyenoord.nl
  196. ^ Feyenoord 100 jaar, feyenoord.nl
  197. ^ a b c d Feyenoord Worldwide, feyenoord.nl
  198. ^ Profile for Salomon Kalou, cfcnet.co.uk
  199. ^ Thomas Buffel player profile, 4thegame.com
  200. ^ Feyenoord laat Excelsior niet zitten, erfc.nl
  201. ^ Joszef Kiprich wordt scout voor Feyenoord, rijnmond.nl
  202. ^ 19-7-2006: Feyenoord klaar met satellietclubs, feyenoord-internet.nl
  203. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Shirtsponsors vanaf 1982, fr4ever.nl
  204. ^ Samenwerking met Fortis verlengd, feyenoord.nl
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