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Baliwag

Coordinates: 14°57′14″N 120°54′04″E / 14.954°N 120.901°E / 14.954; 120.901
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Bayan Ng Baliuag
Baliwag
Munincipality of Baliuag
(From top, left to right): Baliuag Museum and Library (Old Town Hall) • Baliwag Transit terminal • Baliuag Clock Tower overviewing the Baliuag Wet and Dry Market • Mariano Ponce house birthplace marker • Baliuag Church
Flag of Bayan Ng Baliuag
Flag
Official seal of Bayan Ng Baliuag
Seal
Nickname: 
Buntal Hat Capital of the Philippines
Motto(s): 
Dugong Baliuag, Pusong Baliuag
(English: Baliuag by blood, Baliuag in my heart)
Map of Bulacan with Baliwag highlighted
Map of Bulacan with Baliwag highlighted
OpenStreetMap
Map
Bayan Ng Baliuag is located in Philippines
Bayan Ng Baliuag
Bayan Ng Baliuag
Location within the Philippines
Coordinates: 14°57′14″N 120°54′04″E / 14.954°N 120.901°E / 14.954; 120.901
CountryPhilippines
RegionCentral Luzon
ProvinceBulacan
District 2nd district
Founded1733
CityhoodDecember 17, 2022
Barangays27 (see Barangays)
Government
 [1]
 • TypeSangguniang Panlungsod
 • MayorFerdinand V. Estrella
 • Vice MayorMarie Claudette S. Quimpo
 • RepresentativeAugustina Dominique C. Pancho
 • Municipal Council
Members
 • Electorate107,076 voters (2022)
Area
[2]
 • Total45.05 km2 (17.39 sq mi)
Elevation
18 m (59 ft)
Highest elevation
44 m (144 ft)
Lowest elevation
8 m (26 ft)
Population
 (2020 census)[3]
 • Total168,470
 • Rank19 out of 1,489 Municipalities
 • Density3,700/km2 (9,700/sq mi)
 • Households
43,789
DemonymsBaliuageño (male)
Baliuageña (female)
Baliuagenean
Economy
 • Income class1st city income class
 • Poverty incidence
11.20
% (2021)[4]
 • Revenue₱ 655.3 million (2020)
 • Assets₱ 1,168 million (2020)
 • Expenditure₱ 659.6 million (2020)
 • Liabilities₱ 428.7 million (2020)
Utilities
 • ElectricityMeralco
Time zoneUTC+8 (PST)
ZIP code
3006
PSGC
0301403000
IDD : area code +63 (0)44
Native languagesTagalog
Kapampangan

Baliuag, officially the Muninciaplity of Baliuag (Tagalog: Bayan ng Baliuag), and alternatively spelled Baliwag, is a 1st class munincipality in the province of Bulacan, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 168,470 people.[3]

Baliuag was founded in 1732 by Augustinian friars and was incorporated by the Spanish Governor-General on May 26, 1733. The town was a part of Quingua (now Plaridel) before.

Baliuag is 28 kilometres (17 mi) from Malolos and 51 kilometres (32 mi) from Manila.

Through the years of Spanish domination, Baliuag was predominantly agricultural. People had to depend on rice farming for the main source of livelihood. Orchards and tumanas yielded fruits and vegetables, which were sold in the public market. Commerce and industry also played important contributions to the economy of the people. Buntal hat weaving in Baliuag together with silk weaving popularly known in the world as Thai silk; the manufacturer of cigar cases, piña fibers, petates (mats), and Sillas de Bejucos (cane chairs) all of the fine quality became known in many parts of the world. The local market also grew. During the early part of the 19th century, Baliuag was already considered one of the most progressive and richest towns in Bulacan. The growth of the public market has significantly changed the model of the economy of the town.

Baliuag is the major commerce, transportation, entertainment, and educational center of Northern Bulacan. With the continuous expansion of Metro Manila, the municipality is now part of Manila's built-up area which reaches San Ildefonso in its northernmost part.

On July 22, 2022, Republic Act No. 11929 lapsed into law. The said measure will convert the municipality into a component city and standardize its name as the City of Baliwag, subject to the approval of resident voters in a plebiscite held within 90 days from the effective approval of the law. [5]

History

Fr. Joaquín Martínez de Zúñiga, OSA, a friar, in his "1803 Historia de las Islas Filipinas"[6] wrote that the Convent or Parochial house of San Agustin, in Baliuag, is the best in the whole Archipelago and that no edifice in Manila can be compared to it in symmetry and beauty amid its towering belfry, having been a viewing point of the town's panorama. The frayle further stated that the Convent was a repository of priceless parish records that dated to the founding of Baliuag as a pueblo or parrochia by the OSA or Augustinians in 1733. But the first convent was erected at Barangay Santa Barbara, Baliuag before the Parokya was formally established at the now Plaza Naning, Poblacion.

"Lumang Municipio" (Baliuag Museum and Library).

Fr. Joaquín Martínez de Zúñiga arrived in the Philippines on August 3, 1786, and visited Baliuag on February 17, 1802, with Ignacio Maria de Álava y Sáenz de Navarrete. Their host was Baliuag's Parish Priest, Fray Esteban Diez Hidalgo.[7] Fr. Diez served as the longest cura parroco of Baliuag from 1789, having built the church and convent from 1790 to 1801.

Spanish records "Apuntes históricos de la provincia augustiniana del Santísimo Nombre de Jesús de Filipinas"[8] reveal that Fr. Juan de Albarran, OSA was assigned Parish Priest of Baliuag in 1733. The first baptism in Baliuag Church was ordered by Fr. Lector and Fr. Feliz Trillo, Provincial of the Province on June 7, 1933, while Baliuag was founded and began its de jure existence on May 26, 1733. The pueblo or town was created in the provincial Chapter on May 15, 1734, with the appointment of Fr. Manuel Bazeta/Baseta as first cura parroco.[9]

In 1769–1774, the Church of Baliuag was built by Father Gregorio Giner. The present structure (the third church to be rebuilt, due to considerable damage during the 1880 Luzon earthquakes) was later rebuilt by Father Esteban Diaz using mortar and stone. The 1866 Belfry was also completed by Father Matias Novoa but the July 19, 1880 quake damaged the same which was later repaired by Father Thomas Gresa.[10][11]

The earthquake of June 3, 1863, one of the strongest to ever hit Manila, destroyed the Governor's Palace in Intramuros. Malacañang then became the permanent residence of the head of the country. The massive quake also damaged the Baliuag Church.[12] In 1870, the reconstruction began when a temporary house of worship, the “Provincial”, along Año 1733 street, emerged as a narrow, and simple edifice which later used by the RVM Sisters of the Colegio de la Sagrada Familia (now St. Mary's College of Baliuag) as the classroom. Antonio de Mesa, “Maestrong Tonio" fabricated the parts to have finished the Spanish-era Baliuag Church.

First Municipio

Baliuag had 30 curates (1733–1898): Fr. Esteban Diez Hidalgo and Fr. Fausto Lopez served 40 and 24 years, respectively. Fr. Lopez had 6 children with a beautiful native, Mariquita: Dr. Joaquin Gonzalez, Francisco, the former Assemblyman Ricardo Lloret Gonzales (Legislative districts of Bulacan, 5th Philippine Legislature), and Jose the eldest who was widely known as “Pepeng Mariquita", inter alia. Spanish cura parroco, Fr. Ysidoro Prada served in Baliuag during the last decade of the Spaniard regime.

The Philippine-American civil and military authorities supervised the first municipal elections, having chosen Baliuag as the site of the first Philippine elections of May 7, 1899.[13] The Filipinos gathered at the plaza of the St. Augustine Church after the Holy Mass, and thereafter the officials were selected based on the qualifications for voters set by the Americans.[14]

The first town Gobernadorcillo (1789 title) of Baliuag was Cap. Jose de Guzman.[15] He was assisted by the Tribunal's teniente mayor (chief lieutenant), juez de ganadas (judge of the cattle), juez de sementeras (judge of the field) and juez de policia (judge of the police). In the History of the Philippines (1521–1898), the 1893 Maura Law, the title of Gobernadorcillo became "capitan municipal" and that of each juez to teniente. From Baliuag's independence from Quingua, now Plaridel, Bulacan to 1898, 49 served as capitan, 13 alcalde and 92 as Gobernadorcillo. Felix de Lara (1782) and Agustin de Castro (1789) were the 1st alcalde and Gobernadorcillo, respectively. Municipal President Fernando Enrile, in 1908, honored some of these officials, even naming some of Baliuag calles in their honor, later. But all these political officials remained under the thumbs and the habito, of the autocratic Augustinian friars, the Baliuag Kura Parokos.

The local government of Baliuag used as first Municipio under the American regime (History of the Philippines (1898–1946)) the Mariano Yoyongko (Gobernadorcillo in 1885) Principalia in Poblacion (now a part of the market site), which it bought from Yoyongko.[16]

On September 15, 1915, Baliuag municipality bought the heritage mansion and a lot of Dr. Joaquin Gonzalez. The Gonzalez old mansion served as Lumang Municipio (the Old Municipio or Town Hall Building, as the seat of the local government) for 65 years. It is now the Baliuag Museum and Library.

Baliuag produced not less than 30 priests, including 3 during the Spanish-Dominican, and 2 Jesuits during the American regimes.

Jeorge Allan R. Tengco and Amy R. Tengco (wife of Lito S. Tengco), philanthropists, owners of Baliwag Transit and other chains of business establishments had been conferred the Papal Orders of Chivalry October 3, 2000 Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice and the 2012 Dame of the Order of St. Gregory the Great awards.[17]

Don Mariano Ponce

Mariano Ponce was a native of Baliuag. He was a founding member of the Propaganda Movement together with José Rizal and Marcelo del Pilar; a former assemblyman of the second district of Bulacan to the Philippine Assembly; and the co-founder of La Solidaridad with fellow co-founder Graciano López-Jaena. His most common names are Naning (the Plaza Naning in Baliuag being named after his nickname); Kalipulako, named after the Cebuano hero Lapulapu; and Tagibalang or Tigbalang (Tikbalang), a supernatural being in Filipino folklore.[18]

Cityhood

Main article: Cities of the Philippines

In 2018, the Sangguniang Bayan filed a resolution to request Bulacan 2nd District Representative Gavini Pancho, to file a house bill to convert Baliuag into a city.[19]

ACT-CIS Partylist Representative Eric Go Yap and 1st District of Davao City Representative Paolo Duterte filed House Bill 7362, seeking to convert Baliuag into a city in the province.[20] House Bill No. 7362 was filed last August 12, 2020 for the conversion of the municipality of Baliuag into a component city in the province of Bulacan.[21]

House Bill No. 10444 was concurred by the Senate and submitted to the President for signature on June 29, 2022, a day before the end of the 18th Congress. The bill lapsed in to law on July 30, 2022 and indexed as Republic Act No. 11929.

The plebiscite is scheduled to be held on December 17, 2022.[22]

Geography

Barangays

Baliuag is politically subdivided into 27 barangays.

PSGC Barangay Population ±% p.a.
2020[3] 2010[23]
031403001 Bagong Nayon 3.3% 5,616 5,994 ▾ −0.65%
031403002 Barangca 1.8% 3,051 2,742 ▴ 1.07%
031403003 Calantipay 1.7% 2,784 2,613 ▴ 0.64%
031403004 Catulinan 1.1% 1,916 1,769 ▴ 0.80%
031403005 Concepcion 5.9% 9,933 9,585 ▴ 0.36%
031403006 Hinukay 1.3% 2,140 1,419 ▴ 4.19%
031403007 Makinabang 7.0% 11,715 11,196 ▴ 0.45%
031403008 Matangtubig 1.6% 2,630 2,859 ▾ −0.83%
031403010 Pagala 2.3% 3,843 3,139 ▴ 2.04%
031403011 Paitan 0.9% 1,517 1,440 ▴ 0.52%
031403012 Piel 1.3% 2,229 1,955 ▴ 1.32%
031403013 Pinagbarilan 3.2% 5,357 5,178 ▴ 0.34%
031403014 Poblacion. 5.6% 9,448 9,668 ▾ −0.23%
031403016 Sabang 6.7% 11,350 11,960 ▾ −0.52%
031403017 San Jose 3.9% 6,575 5,346 ▴ 2.09%
031403018 San Roque 2.1% 3,554 3,402 ▴ 0.44%
031403019 Santa Barbara 6.9% 11,676 11,568 ▴ 0.09%
031403020 Santo Cristo 5.2% 8,840 8,650 ▴ 0.22%
031403021 Santo Niño 2.3% 3,818 3,470 ▴ 0.96%
031403022 Subic 3.3% 5,506 4,550 ▴ 1.93%
031403023 Sulivan 3.0% 5,070 4,776 ▴ 0.60%
031403024 Tangos 3.4% 5,699 5,578 ▴ 0.21%
031403025 Tarcan 4.4% 7,333 6,892 ▴ 0.62%
031403026 Tiaong 3.0% 5,006 4,903 ▴ 0.21%
031403027 Tibag 1.8% 3,014 3,746 ▾ −2.15%
031403028 Tilapayong 2.0% 3,389 2,494 ▴ 3.11%
031403030 Virgen delas Flores 4.1% 6,945 6,673 ▴ 0.40%
Total 168,470 143,565 ▴ 1.61%

Climate

Climate data for Baliuag, Bulacan
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 28
(82) 		29
(84) 		31
(88) 		33
(91) 		32
(90) 		31
(88) 		30
(86) 		29
(84) 		29
(84) 		30
(86) 		30
(86) 		28
(82) 		30
(86)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 20
(68) 		20
(68) 		21
(70) 		22
(72) 		24
(75) 		24
(75) 		24
(75) 		24
(75) 		24
(75) 		23
(73) 		22
(72) 		21
(70) 		22
(72)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 6
(0.2) 		4
(0.2) 		6
(0.2) 		17
(0.7) 		82
(3.2) 		122
(4.8) 		151
(5.9) 		123
(4.8) 		124
(4.9) 		99
(3.9) 		37
(1.5) 		21
(0.8) 		792
(31.1)
Average rainy days 3.3 2.5 11.7 6.6 17.7 22.2 25.2 23.7 23.2 17.9 9.2 5.2 168.4
Source: Meteoblue [24]

Demographics

Population census of Baliwag
YearPop.±% p.a.
1903 15,936—    
1918 18,254+0.91%
1939 22,972+1.10%
1948 30,670+3.26%
1960 37,409+1.67%
1970 52,133+3.37%
1975 61,624+3.41%
1980 70,555+2.74%
1990 89,719+2.43%
1995 103,054+2.63%
2000 119,675+3.26%
2007 136,982+1.88%
2010 143,565+1.72%
2015 149,954+0.83%
2020 168,470+2.32%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[25][23][26][27]

In the 2020 census, the population of Baliuag, Bulacan, was 168,470 people,[3] with a density of 3,700 inhabitants per square kilometre or 9,600 inhabitants per square mile.

Religion

Baliuag at present has six parishes, a sub-parish and a quasi-parish under the administration of Diocese of Malolos. Their patron saint of Baliuag is St. Augustine because Baliuag was founded by the Augustinians in 1733.

Economy

Poverty incidence of Baliwag

2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
2006
4.30
2009
5.66
2012
5.36
2015
5.37
2018
3.98
2021
11.20

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]

Economy of Baliuag, Bulacan
Baliuag Town Proper
2017 Financial Highlights[36]
Financial Conditions
  • Total Assets: Increase PHP 613.43 million
  • Total Liabilities: Increase PHP 230.64 million
  • Total Equity: Increase PHP 382.78 million
Results of Operations
  • Total Revenues: Increase PHP 491.54 million
  • Total Expenses: Increase PHP 459.84 million
  • Excess Income Over Expenses: Increase PHP 31.70 million
Sources and Application of Funds
  • Appropriation and Allotments: Increase PHP 507.30 million
  • Obligations: Increase PHP 480.09 million
  • Balances: Increase PHP 27.21 million

Major industries

  • Garments
  • Pyrotechnics
  • Food/Food Processing
  • Furniture
  • Swine
  • Chicken Production
  • Automobile Industry

Major products

  • Buntal Hat and Bags
  • Bakeries (Native Pandesal, Ensaymada, Spanish Bread)
  • Native Delicacies (Chicharon, Puto, Pastillas de Leche)
  • Lechon Manok (famously Baliwag Lechon Manok)

Malls and supermarkets

  • SM City Baliuag
  • A Square
  • Puregold Baliuag
  • Puregold DRT Highway
  • Puregold Tangos
  • Super8 Grocery Warehouse
  • Savemore Supermarket
  • Ultra Mega Supermarket
  • Unitop Baliuag
  • Megamart Baliuag
  • RCS
  • Waltermart Mall Baliuag (U/C)
  • NSN (U/C)

Government

Baliwag Town Hall
2022-2025 Baliuag Municipal Officials [37] [38]
Position Name Party
Mayor Ferdinand "Ferdie" V. Estrella PDP–Laban
Vice Mayor Marie Claudette "Madette" S. Quimpo NUP
Councilors Maria Isabel "Mabel" G. Pascual Lakas
Jose Noel "Joel" S. Pascual PDP–Laban
Karlo Kenneth "Kenneth" M. Cruz PDP–Laban
Carolina "Carol" L. Dellosa NUP
Rodrigo "Ogie" E. Baltazar PDP–Laban
Antonio "Tony" S. Patawaran PDP–Laban
Emmanuel "Manny" T. Balicanta PDP–Laban
Marie Nelle "Bhang" S. Imperial PDP–Laban
Ex Officio Municipal Council Members
ABC President Ricky Romulo (Tiaong) Nonpartisan
SK Federation President Jaime Viceo IV (Santa Barbara) Nonpartisan

List of former mayors

No. Presidente Municipal Took office Left office
1 Francisco Guerrero 1899 1899
2 Jose Rustia 1900 1900
3 Ancieto Valencia 1901 1903
4 Dr. Domingo M. Enrile 1904 1905
5 Jose Lajom 1906 1907
6 Fernando Enrile 1908 1909
7 Martin H. Prado 1910 1912
8 Juan Racelis 1913 1918
9 Pablo Camacho 1919 1922
10 Emilio Rustia 1922 1925
11 Pedro R. Mateo 1925 1930
12 Dr. Peregrino E. Sauco 1931 1934
13 Atty. Wenceslao Ortega 1934 1937
No. Alcalde Took office Left office
1 Dr. Guilermo dela Merced 1938 1941
2 Rafael Chico 1942 1945
No. Municipal Mayors Took office Left office
1 Maj. Servando C. Santos 1946 1955
2 Roberto E. Chico 1956 1959
3 Felix Tiongson 1960 1963
4 Roberto E. Chico 1964 1967
5 Florentino Vergel de Dios 1968 March 1980
6 Dominador Enrile March 1980 September 1981
7 Leonardo C. Mananghaya September 1981 May 1986
8 Atty. Emilio Camacho Santos (OIC) May 1986 February 1988
9 Reynaldo S. del Rosario February 1988 June 1992
10 Cornelio P. Trinidad 1992 November 16, 1994[39]
11 Edilberto S. Tengco November 1994 June 1998
12 Rolando F. Salvador July 1998 June 2004
13 Romeo M. Estrella July 2004 June 2013
14 Carolina L. Dellosa, M.D July 2013 June 2016
15 Ferdinand V. Estrella July 2016 present

Tourism

Baliwag Clock Tower
Baliwag is the home of the first self-supporting clock tower in Bulacan, which is a heritage attraction in the town.
Lenten Processions
Baliwag is known for its Semana Santa (Holy Week) processions, which are among the longest religious processions in the Philippines.[citation needed] As of 2019, the procession hosts a record 124 (121, with 3 additional) carros or carrozas (floats) with life-sized santos (statues) joined in the parade showcasing events from the life and passion of Christ.
Buntal Hat Festival
A buntal hat from Baliuag

Buntal Hat Festival is a celebration of the culture of buntal hat making in the town that is simultaneously celebrated with Mother's Day annually. Early versions of the buntal hat were wide-brimmed farmer's hats and used unsoftened strips of buntal fiber. The industry expanded into Baliuag, Bulacan between 1907 and 1909, originally introduced by Mariano Deveza who originally hailed from Lucban, Quezon. Colorful and grandiose decorations and street dancing are the highlights of this celebration.

Other attractions

  • 3006 Augustine Square (A. Square)
  • Baliuag Glorietta Park
  • Baliuag Museum and Library (Lumang Municipio)
  • Mariano Ponce Ancestral House Museum
  • The Greenery Events Place
  • The Baliuag Star Arena
  • Jose Rizal Monument at Plaza Naning
  • Baliuag Pasalubong Center
  • Parish Museum of Old Religious Artifacts (Parish of St. Augustine)
  • Carozza Makers
  • Artisan Street (Bone In-Lay Handicrafts)
  • Baliuag Heroes’ Park
  • Baliuag Night Market
  • Baliuag Christmas Night Market
  • The Chapters
  • Tate Haus, Baliuag's Premiere Resort.

Transportation

BTI main terminal in Plaza Naning, Baliuag

Public transportation in Baliuag is served by provincial buses, jeepneys, UV Express AUVs, and intra-municipal tricycles.

Baliwag Transit, Inc., one of the largest bus transportation system in the Philippines, is headquartered in Barangay Sabang. It mainly services routes to and from Metro Manila and Central Luzon.

There are three major transport lines in the municipality: The Baliuag-Candaba (Benigno S. Aquino Avenue) road going to Pampanga (from the Downtown Baliuag to Candaba Town Proper), the Old Cagayan Valley road (Calle Rizal) and the Dona Remedios Trinidad Highway (N1, AH26) going to Manila and Nueva Ecija. The town is located 52 kilometers north of Manila, the capital of the Philippines.

Education

There are public and private educational institutions found in Baliuag.

Tertiary education

Primary and secondary education

Here are some of the school's offers between primary and secondary education;

Public

  • Mariano Ponce National High School
  • Sto. Niño High School
  • Virgen Delas Flores High School
  • Sulivan High School
  • Teodoro Evangelista Memorial High School (a school between Baliuag and Bustos)
  • Tilapayong Elementary School
  • San Jose Elementary School
  • Concepcion Elementary School
  • Sabang Elementary School
  • Baliuag North Central School
  • Baliuag South Central School
  • Catulinan Elementary School
  • Pinagbarilan Elementary School
  • Hinukay Elementary School

Private

  • Immaculate Concepcion School of Baliuag
  • Montessori De Sagrada Familia
  • Living Angels Christian Academy
  • Saint Jean Baptiste Academy Inc
  • The Catholic Servants of Christ Community
  • Baliuag Welcome Arch from Pulilan, Bulacan
    Baliuag Welcome Arch from Pulilan, Bulacan
  • Baliuag Clock tower
    Baliuag Clock tower
  • Baliuag Glorietta Park at night
    Baliuag Glorietta Park at night
  • Ang Baliuag kay Rizal Monument
    Ang Baliuag kay Rizal Monument
  • Baliuag Star Arena
    Baliuag Star Arena
  • Baliuag District Hospital
    Baliuag District Hospital
  • TATE HAUS
    TATE HAUS

See also

References

  1. ^  City of Baliwag | (DILG)
  2. ^ "2015 Census of Population, Report No. 3 – Population, Land Area, and Population Density" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. Quezon City, Philippines. August 2016. ISSN 0117-1453. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 25, 2021. Retrieved July 16, 2021.
  3. ^ a b c d Census of Population (2020). "Region III (Central Luzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
  4. ^ "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  5. ^ People's Television Network [@PTVph] (August 3, 2022). ""TINGNAN: Listahan ng mga panukalanang nag-lapse into law at vetoed bills, inilabas ng Malacañang" (Tweet) (in Tagalog). Retrieved August 5, 2022 – via Twitter.
  6. ^ MARTINEZ de ZUÑIGA OSA, Fr Joaquín [in Spanish] (1803). Historia de las Islas Philipinas (2 vols) (in Spanish). Sampaloc: Impreso por Fr. Pedro Argüelles de la Concepción. OCLC 30062450.
  7. ^ "www.baliwag.net". Archived from the original on 2013-10-12. Retrieved 2013-03-30.
  8. ^ "Apuntes históricos de la provincia augustiniana del Santísimo Nombre de Jesús de Filipinas : a... - National Library of Australia". nla.gov.au. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  9. ^ ".:: The majestic Basilica Minore del Santo Niño | Choose Philippines | Travel Articles ::". choosephils.com. Archived from the original on 6 October 2012. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
  10. ^ "Protected Blog". wordpress.com. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  11. ^ "Visita Iglesia: The old churches of Bulacan, Part 1 of 2". Simbahan. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  12. ^ Malacañang Palace#Etymology
  13. ^ Balabo, Dino (2007-05-07). "Baliuag marks 108 years of town elections". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 2012-12-31.
  14. ^ "Baliuag marks 108 years of town elections". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  15. ^ "Baliwag.net". Archived from the original on 2013-10-12. Retrieved 2013-01-07.
  16. ^ "Multiply.com". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 24 June 2015.
  17. ^ "History of Baliuag, Bulacan". Archived from the original on 2011-01-03. Retrieved 2011-01-12.
  18. ^ "Mariano Ponce". Official Website of the Provincial Government of Bulacan. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  19. ^ "Mayor Ferdie, SB, 27 Kapitan, SK, at Sectoral Groups, Pormal na isinalin ang Cityhood Documents kay Cong. Apol Pancho". Baliuag News Online. August 1, 2018. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
  20. ^ "Measure converting Baliuag town into a city up in Congress". Philippines Graphic. September 12, 2020. Retrieved September 24, 2020.
  21. ^ "AN ACT CONVERTING THE MUNICIPALITY OF BALIUAG INTO A COMPONENT CITY TO BE KNOWN AS BALIUAG CITY". {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |url= (help).
  22. ^ Patinio, Ferdinand (2 December 2022). "Over 108K ballots printed for Dec. 17 Baliwag plebiscite". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved 4 December 2022.
  23. ^ a b Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region III (Central Luzon)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
  24. ^ "Baliuag: Average Temperatures and Rainfall". Meteoblue. Retrieved 12 May 2020.
  25. ^ Census of Population (2015). "Region III (Central Luzon)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
  26. ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region III (Central Luzon)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
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  31. ^ "City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates; 2006 and 2009" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 3 August 2012.
  32. ^ "2012 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 31 May 2016.
  33. ^ "Municipal and City Level Small Area Poverty Estimates; 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. 10 July 2019.
  34. ^ "PSA Releases the 2018 Municipal and City Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 15 December 2021. Retrieved 22 January 2022.
  35. ^ "PSA Releases the 2021 City and Municipal Level Poverty Estimates". Philippine Statistics Authority. 2 April 2024. Retrieved 28 April 2024.
  36. ^ ""Commission on Audit Financial Report 2016-Baliuag"". Quezon City, Philippines: Commission on Audit (COA). Retrieved 29 June 2018.
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  38. ^ ""Sangguniang Kabataan, Sumasailalim sa Pagsasanay. SK Chair Jaime Viceo IV ng Santa Barbara nahalal na SK Federation President."". Baliuag, Bulacan: Baliwag City News Online. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  39. ^ Catindig, C. (November 18, 1994). "Baliuag mayor is dead". Manila Standard. Kamahalan Publishing Corp. p. 28. Retrieved November 12, 2022. One of the two mayors running simultaneously the government of Baliuag, Bulacan — Cornelio P. Trinidad — died of a liver ailment at a private hospital in Manila on Wednesday evening [November 16].
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