List of transport megaprojects
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This is a list of transport megaprojects. Care should be taken in comparing the cost of projects from different times, even a few years apart due to inflation; comparing nominal costs without taking this into account can be highly misleading.
The size and scope of projects varies considerably; some projects are made up of a package of different infrastructure projects, while others may be single part of a larger network.
In order to limit the size and scope of this list, recent infrastructure that cost less than $1 billion is not listed; this is a common definition of a megaproject. However, historically significant projects may be listed. See also list of megaprojects.
Completed projects
Project | Description | Location | Approximate cost (in billions USD) | Start of construction | Year of completion | Image | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AVE - Spain's high-speed railway network | High-speed railway | Spain | 44[1] | 1992 | 2016 - continues expansion | 40[2] billion euros | ||
Red Line (Los Angeles Metro) | Subway line | Los Angeles, United States | 4.5[3] | 1986 | 2000 | ![]() |
||
Colorado T-REX Project (TRansportation EXpansion) | Highway & light rail upgrade | Denver, Colorado | 1.7[4] | 2001 | 2006 | ![]() |
||
Caracas-La Guaira highway | Highway | Greater Caracas, Venezuela | 0.06[5][6] | 1950 | 1953 | ![]() |
||
Copenhagen metro phase 1-3 | metro system | Copenhagen, Denmark | 1.47[7] | 1996 | 2007 | ![]() |
11,400,000,000 DKK | |
Jubilee Line Extension | metro line | London, United Kingdom | 6.83 (2010USD)[8] | 1993 | 1999 | ![]() |
3.5 billion GBP | |
Saint Lawrence Seaway | canal system | St Lawrence River and North American Great Lakes | 0.470[9] | 1954 | 1959 | ![]() |
||
First Transcontinental Railroad | railroad | Omaha, Nebraska to Sacramento, California | 0.1[10] | 1863 | 1869 | ![]() |
$2.6bn today | |
Panama Canal | canal | Panama | 0.375[11] | 1881 | 1914 | ![]() |
||
Suez Canal | canal | Sinai Peninsula, Egypt | 0.082[12] | 1859 | 1869 | ![]() |
||
Interstate Highway System | network of limited-access roadways | United States | 114[13] | 1956 | 1992[14][15] | ![]() |
425 billion in 2006 dollars[16] | |
Honshu-Shikoku Bridge Project | 17 bridges connecting the islands of Honshū and Shikoku | Japan | 48[17] | 1999 | ![]() |
4 trillion Yen | ||
Beijing–Shanghai High-Speed Railway | High-speed rail | Eastern China, PRC (Beijing to Shanghai, via Tianjin and Nanjing) | 33.1[18] | 2008 | 2011 | ![]() |
(RMB 220.9bn) | |
"Big Dig" Central Artery/Tunnel Project | Road tunnel | Boston, Massachusetts, United States | 22[19] | 1991 | 2007 | ![]() |
||
Wuhan–Guangzhou High-Speed Railway | High-speed rail | China | 18.5[20] | 2005 | 2009 | ![]() |
(RMB 116.6bn) | |
Toei Ōedo Line | Rapid Transit | Tokyo, Japan | 18.4[21] | 2000 | ![]() |
(¥1.400 billion) | ||
Channel Tunnel | Subsea railway tunnel | Strait of Dover, English Channel | 15.4[22] | 1988 | 1994 | ![]() |
(GBP9.5bn) | |
Adler–Krasnaya Polyana road and railway | Freeway and railway | Russia | 9.4[23] | 2014 | ||||
Milan–Bologna high-speed railway | High-speed rail | Italy | 9.1 | 2008 | (€6.9 billion) | |||
Egnatia Odos | Freeway | Northern Greece | 8.4[24] | 1994 | 2009 | ![]() |
(€5.9bn) | |
High Speed 1 | High-speed rail | Southeast England, UK | 8.4[25] | 2007 | File:KingsCrossDevelopmentModel.jpg | (GBP5.2bn) | ||
Bologna–Florence high-speed railway | High-speed rail | Italy | 6.9 | 2009 | (€5.2 billion) | |||
Eastern span replacement of the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge | Road bridge | San Francisco, California | 6.4 | 2002 | 2013 | ![]() |
||
Øresund Bridge | Rail/road bridge/tunnel | Denmark-Sweden | 5.7[26] | 1995 | 1999 | (DKK30.1bn) | ||
Akashi-Kaikyō Bridge | Road bridge | Kobe, Japan | 5[27] | 1988 | 1998 | |||
Lötschberg Base Tunnel | Railway tunnel | Swiss Alps, Switzerland | 4.6 | 1999 | 2007 | (CHF 4.3 billion) | ||
Marina Coastal Expressway | Highway | Singapore | 3.4[28][29] | 2008 | 2013[30] | (S$4.3 bn) | ||
Clem Jones Tunnel | Road tunnel | Brisbane, Queensland, Australia | 3.4[31] | 2006 | 2010 | ![]() |
(AUD3.2bn) | |
Beijing–Tianjin Intercity Railway | High-speed rail | Beijing, China[32] | 3.2 | 2005 | 2008 | (RMB 20.42bn) | ||
Marmaray Tunnel | Subsea railway tunnel | Istanbul, Turkey | 3 | 2004 | 2013 | ![]() |
||
Budapest Metro Line 4 | Rapid Transit line | Budapest, Hungary | 2.1[33][34] | 2004 | 2014 | ![]() |
(HUF 452bn) | |
Jiaozhou Bay Bridge | bridge | Shangdong, China | 1.5[35] | 2007 | 2011 | ![]() |
||
Freeway Durango-Mazatlán and Baluarte Bridge | Freeway and road bridge | Durango-Sinaloa, Mexico | 1.46[36][37] | 2008 | 2012 | ![]() |
||
Incheon Bridge | bridge | South Korea | 1.4 | 2005 | 2009 | ![]() |
(KRW 1.25tn) | |
Shanghai Maglev Train | Maglev | Shanghai, China | 1.33 | 2001 | 2004 | ![]() |
(RMB 10bn) | |
Vasco da Gama Bridge | Road bridge | Lisbon, Portugal | 1.3[38] | 1995 | 1998 | ![]() |
(€897m / 180bn PTE) | |
Blanka tunnel complex | Road tunnel | Prague, Czech Republic | 1.75[39] | 2006 | 2015 | ![]() | ||
Gotthard Base Tunnel | Railway tunnel | Swiss Alps, Switzerland | 10.6[40] | 1996 | 2016 | ![]() |
(CHF 9.74 billion) | |
World Trade Center Transportation Hub | Transit center and retail | New York City, New York, USA | 3.9[41] | 2006 | 2016 | |||
Yavuz Sultan Selim Bridge | bridge | Istanbul, Turkey | 2[42] | 2013 | 2016 | (₺ 4.5 billion) |
Under construction
Project | Description | Location | Approximate cost (in billions of USD) | Construction start year | Projected year of completion | Image | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
New Tappan Zee Bridge (under construction) | Bridge Replacement | South Nyack to Tarrytown New York, USA | 3.9 | 2013 | 2018 | File:New Tappan Zee bridge 2018 Aug c jeh.jpg | |
California High-Speed Rail
(under construction) |
Railway | California | 70[43] | 2015 | 2030 | ||
China Pakistan Economic Corridor
(under construction) |
Economic corridor | Gwadar, Pakistan to Kashgar, China | 46 | 2015 | 2020 (expected) | ![]() |
|
Barcelona Metro line 9
(under construction) |
Rapid transit line | Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain | 26.3[44][45] | 2009 | 2020 (expected) | (€19bn) | |
Crossrail
(under construction) |
Commuter railway | South East England, United Kingdom | 25.8[46] | 2009 | 2018 (expected) | ![]() |
(GBP15.9bn) |
Second Avenue Subway
(under construction) |
Rapid transit line | New York City, New York, United States | 17[47] | 2007 | 2016 Phase 1 (expected) | File:Second Ave Subway CGI station.jpg | |
Klang Valley MRT Line 1 (Under Construction) | Rapid Transit | Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia | 11.7[48] | 2012 | 2017 (expected) | (MYR36B) | |
Orange Line (Lahore Metro) (Under Construction) | Rapid Transit | Lahore, Pakistan | 1.6 | 2015 | 2018 (expected) | ||
Karachi-Lahore Motorway
(under construction) |
Motorway | Pakistan | 11.5 | 2015 | 2018 (expected) | ![]() |
|
Thameslink Programme
(under construction) |
Commuter rail upgrade | Southeast England, UK | 8.9-9.7[49] | 2009 | 2018 (expected) | (GBP5.5-6.0bn) | |
NHDP
(under construction, partially completed) |
Highway upgrade | India | 71[50] | 2000 | Ongoing-Completion date unknown | (INR 4.5 trillion) | |
Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong Express Rail Link Hong Kong Section
(under construction) |
High-speed rail | Guangdong, China—Hong Kong | 10.1[51][52] | 2010 | 2016 (expected) | ![]() |
|
WestConnex | Road tunnel | Sydney, Australia | 11.3 ($15 billion AUD) | 2015 | Stage 1 & 2- 2019 (expected)
Stage 3- 2023 (expected) |
![]() |
|
Fastracks | Light Rail, Commuter Rail | Denver, Colorado | 6.5[53] | 2006 | 2016 (expected) | ||
Eglinton Crosstown | Rapid transit | Toronto, Ontario, Canada | 5.230[54] | 2010 | 2020-23 (expected) | ![]() |
|
Noord/Zuidlijn | Rapid transit line | Amsterdam, Netherlands | 4.4[55] | 2002 | 2017 (expected) | ![]() |
(€3.1bn) |
Bar-Boljare highway | Highway | Montenegro | 3.7[56][57] | 2015[58] | 2019 | (2.77 billion €) | |
Alaskan Way Viaduct replacement tunnel | Road Tunnel | Seattle, Washington, United States | 3.1[59] | early 2018[60] | |||
Grand Paris Express | Automated rapid transit | Paris, Ile de France, France | 27 | 2014 | from 2020 to 2030 | ![]() |
4 new lines, 200 km, 72 new stations |
Scarborough Subway Extension | Rapid transit | Toronto, Ontario, Canada | 2.6 | 2018 (expected) | 2023 (expected) | CA$3.4 billion[61] | |
Ohio River Bridges Project | Road bridges and interchange reconfiguration | Louisville metropolitan area, Kentucky and Indiana, United States | 2.3[62] | 2014 | 2024 (expected) | ||
Ionia Odos | Freeway | Western Greece | 1.8[63] | 2016 | ![]() |
(1.4 bn€) | |
Tehran-Shomal Freeway, 121 km | Freeway | Tehran and Mazandaran Province, Iran | 1.7[64] | 2017 | ![]() |
(HUF 452bn) | |
Stuttgart 21 | Railway & Urban Development | Stuttgart, Germany | 7.4 | 2010 | 2023 | ![]() |
estimates up to 6.8 bn € |
Birmingham Northern Beltline (I-422) | Highway | Birmingham, Alabama, United States | 5.445 | 2014 | 2054 (expected) |
Airport projects
-
Hartsfield-Jackson Airport, the busiest in the world.
-
Terminal 3 at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport
References
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- ^ "M4 main information". 2012.
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{{cite web}}
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{{cite journal}}
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