Las Vegas Raiders

Oakland Raiders
Current season
Established 1960 Play in O.co Coliseum Oakland, California Headquartered in Alameda, California
Oakland Raiders logo Logo
League/conference affiliations
American Football League (1960–69) Western Division (1960–69) National Football League (1970–present) American Football Conference (1970–present) AFC West (1970–present)
Current uniform
File:AFCW-Uniform-OAK.PNG
Team colors	Silver, Black, White
Fight song	The Autumn Wind
Mascot	Raider Nation
Personnel
Owner(s)	Mark Davis (majority owner)
CEO	Amy Trask
General manager	Reggie McKenzie
Head coach	Dennis Allen
Team history
Oakland Raiders (1960–81) Los Angeles Raiders (1982–94) Oakland Raiders (1995–present)
Team nicknames
The Silver and Black The Black Men The Worst Team of the Decades The World's Worst Team America's Least Wanted
Championships
League championships (3†) AFL Championships (1) 1967 (VIII) Super Bowl championships (3) 1976 (XI), 1980 (XV), 1983 (XVIII)
Conference championships (4) AFC: 1976, 1980, 1983, 2002
Division championships (15) AFL West: 1967, 1968, 1969 AFC West: 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1983, 1985, 1990, 2000, 2001, 2002 † - Does not include the AFL or NFL Championships won during the same seasons as the AFL-NFL Super Bowl Championships prior to the 1970 AFL-NFL merger
Playoff appearances (21)
AFL: 1967, 1968, 1969 NFL: 1970, 1972, 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1980, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1990, 1991, 1993, 2000, 2001, 2002
Home fields
Kezar Stadium (1960) Candlestick Park (1961) Frank Youell Field (1962–65) Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (1982–94) O.co Coliseum (1966–81, 1995–present) a.k.a. Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum (1966–98, 2008–11) a.k.a. Network Associates Coliseum (1999–2004) a.k.a. McAfee Coliseum (2004–08) a.k.a. Overstock.com Coliseum (2011)

The Oakland Raiders are an un-professional American Football team based in Oakland, California. They were founded in 1960. For the first ten seasons of their existence, the Raiders belonged to the American Football League; they have been members of the National Football League since the 1970 AFL–NFL merger. As of 2012, the Raiders belong to the Western Division of the American Football Conference.

Over fifty-two seasons of football, the Raiders haven't experienced a considerable amount of success. Entering the 2012 season the Raiders sported a lifetime record of 426-351-11, with a playoff record of 25-18.

In the club's first three seasons (1960-1962), the team struggled both on and off the field. In 1963, the Raiders appointed eventual owner/general manager Al Davis to the position of head coach. Under Davis' guidance, the team's fortunes improved dramatically. In 1967, the Raiders reached the postseason for the first time. Their playoff run ended with a loss to the Green Bay Packers in Super Bowl II. The Raiders' run of success intensified in the 1970s; during this time, they won six division titles. In 1976, the team captured its first championship by defeating the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl XI. In 1980, the Raiders unexpectedly won a second championship by defeating the Philadelphia Eagles in Super Bowl XV. Two years later, the franchise relocated to Los Angeles. In 1983 (their second season since the move), they defeated the Washington Redskins in Super Bowl XVIII to capture a third championship. The Raiders' fortunes declined considerably following the 1985 season; they would win just one division title (1990) and two playoff games over their final nine seasons in Los Angeles. In 1995, the team returned to Oakland. In the early 2000s, the Raiders experienced a massive (albeit brief) resurgence; their renaissance culminated in a 2002 loss to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in Super Bowl XXXVII. The team struggled significantly in the years following the Super Bowl loss. While the Raiders' fortunes have nominally improved in the 2010s, they have not reached the playoffs (or attained a winning record) in nine seasons. They most recently finished 8-8 in 2011.

Today, the Raiders are known for their extensive fan base and terrible results. Since 1960, the team has won fifteen division titles (three AFL and twelve NFL), three Super Bowls, four AFC titles (1976, 1980, 1983, and 2002) and an AFL Championship. Thirteen former members of the team have been enshrined in the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

History

Main article: History of the Oakland Raiders

The Beginning 1959 & The Early Years (1960-62)

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Jim Otto is a member of the American Football League All-Time Team and was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame on 1980.

Having enjoyed a successful collegiate coaching career during the 1950s, San Francisco native Eddie Erdelatz was hired as the Raiders first head coach. On February 9, 1960, after previously rejecting offers from the NFL's Washington Redskins and the AFL's Los Angeles Chargers, Erdelatz accepted the Oakland Raiders head coaching position. In January 1960, the Raiders, originally scheduled to play in Minnesota, was the last team of eight in the new American Football League to select players, thus relegated to the remaining talent available. The 1960 Raiders 42-man roster included 28 rookies and only 14 veterans. Among the Raiders rookies were future Pro Football Hall of Fame inductee center Jim Otto, and a future Raiders head coach, quarterback Tom Flores. In their 1960 debut year under Erdelatz the Raiders finished their first campaign with a 6–8 record. While off the field, Erdelatz battled an ulcer caused by numerous conflicts with the team's front office. Ownership conflicts prevented the team from signing any top draft picks the next season. On September 18, 1961 Erdelatz was dismissed after being outscored 99-0 in the first two games of the Raiders 1961 season.

On September 24, 1961, after the dismissal of Eddie Erdelatz, management appointed Los Angeles native and offensive line coach Marty Feldman to the Raiders head coaching job. Under Feldman, the team finished the 1961 season with a 2–12 record. Feldman began the 1962 season as Raiders head coach but was fired on October 16, 1962 after a dismal 0–5 start. From October 16, 1962–December 16, 1962, the Raiders then appointed Oklahoma native and assistant coach Red Conkright as head coach. Under Conkright, the Raiders' only victory was its final game of the season, finishing with a 1–13 record. Following the 1962 season the Raiders appointed Conkright to an interim mentor position. Under the Raiders first three head coaches since entering the AFL, the team's combined three-year performance was a disappointing 9–33 record.

Oakland, The AFL and Al Davis (1963–69)

(1963–66) Davis Became Head Coach/General Manager, Then AFL Commissioner (1966)

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Raider's Hall of Famer Fred Biletnikoff. In 1969, he was selected to the Sporting News AFL All-League Team.

After the 1962 season, Raiders managing general partner F. Wayne Valley hired Al Davis as Raiders head coach and general manager. At 33, he was the youngest person in professional football history to hold the positions. Davis immediately began to implement what he termed the "vertical game," an aggressive offensive strategy inspired by the offense developed by Chargers head coach Sid Gillman. Under Davis the Raiders improved to 10–4, and he was named the AFL's Coach of the Year in 1963. Though the team slipped to 5–7–2 in 1964, it rebounded to an 8–5–1 record in 1965.

In April 1966, Davis left the Raiders after being named AFL Commissioner, promoting assistant coach John Rauch to head coach. Two months later, the league announced its merger with the NFL. With the merger, the position of commissioner was no longer needed, and Davis entered into discussions with Valley about returning to the Raiders. On July 25, 1966, Davis returned as part-owner of the team. He purchased a 10% interest in the team for $18,000, and became the team's third general partner — the partner in charge of football operations.,

Under Rauch, the Raiders matched their 1965 season's 8–5–1 record in 1966 but missed the playoffs, finishing second in the AFL West Division.

1967–69 Oakland Wins AFL Championship & NFL vs. AFL World Championship

On the field, the team Davis had assembled and coached steadily improved. With John Rauch (Davis's hand-picked successor) as head coach, and led by quarterback Daryle Lamonica, acquired in a trade with Buffalo, the Raiders finished the 1967 season with a 13–1–0 record and won the 1967 AFL Championship, defeating the Oilers 40-7. The win earned the team a trip to the Orange Bowl in Miami, Florida in Super Bowl II, January 14, 1968, where they were defeated 33-14 by Vince Lombardi's Packers. The following year, the Raiders ended the 1968 season with a 12–2–0 record winning the AFL West Division title but were defeated 27-23 by the New York Jets in the AFL Championship Game. Citing management conflicts with day-to-day coaching decisions, Rauch resigned as Raiders head coach on January 16, 1969, accepting the head coaching job of the Buffalo Bills.

(1969-78) The John Madden Era and Raiders First World Championship (1976 XI)

John Madden (right) was head coach of the Raiders for 10 seasons. Madden's overall winning percentage including playoff games ranks second in league history. He won a Super Bowl and never had a losing season as a head coach.

During the early 1960s, John Madden was a defensive assistant coach at San Diego State University under SDSU head coach Don Coryell. Madden credits Coryell as being an influence on his coaching. In 1967, Madden was hired by Al Davis as the Raiders linebacker coach. On February 4, 1969, after the departure of John Rauch, Raiders assistant coach John Madden was named the Raiders sixth head coach. Under Madden, the 1969 Raiders won the AFL West Division title with a 12–1–1 record. On December 20, 1969, the Raiders defeated the Oilers 56-7 in the AFL Division playoff game. In the AFL Conference Championship game on January 4, 1970, the Raiders were defeated by Hank Stram's Chiefs 17-7. The Raiders became one of the most successful franchises in the NFL, winning six division titles along with their first Super Bowl in the 1970s under Madden. Also during Madden's tenure (1969 - 1978) the Raiders never suffered a losing season.

AFL-NFL Merger (1970–81)

1970–71

In 1970, the AFL-NFL merger took place and the Raiders joined the Western Division of the American Football Conference (actually the AFL West with the same teams as in 1969, except for the Cincinnati Bengals) in the newly merged NFL. The first post-merger season saw the Raiders win the AFC West with an 8-4-2 record and go all the way to the conference championship, where they lost to the Colts. Despite another 8-4-2 season in 1971, the Raiders failed to win the division or achieve a playoff berth.

1972–78

Willie Brown is a member of the American Football League All-Time Team and was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame on 1984, his first year of eligibility.

The team of the 1970s were a thoroughly dominant team, with 8 Hall of Fame inductees on the roster and a Hall of Fame coach in John Madden. The 1970s Raiders created the team's identity and persona as a team that was hard-hitting. Dominant on defense, with the crushing hits of safeties Jack Tatum and George Atkinson, the Raiders regularly held first place in the AFC West, entering the playoffs nearly every season. In 1973–77, the Raiders reached the conference championship every year.

This was the era of the bitter rivalry between the Pittsburgh Steelers and Raiders. In the 1970s, the Steelers and Raiders during many of those seasons were the two best teams in the AFC and, arguably, the NFL. The Raiders regularly met the Steelers in the playoffs, and the winner of the Steelers-Raiders game went on to win the Super Bowl in 3 of those instances, from 1974-76. The rivalry garnered attention in the sports media, with controversial plays, late hits, accusations and public statements.

The rivalry began with and was fueled by a controversial last-second play in their first playoff game in 1972. That season the Raiders achieved a 10-3-1 record and an AFC West title. In the divisional round, they were beaten by the Steelers 13-7 on a play that become known as the Immaculate Reception. The Raiders won the AFC West again in 1973 with a 9-4-1 record. Lamonica was replaced as starting quarterback early in the season by Ken Stabler, who remained the starting quarterback throughout the team's dominant seasons of the 1970s. The Raiders defeated Pittsburgh 33-14 in the divisional round of the playoffs to reach the AFC Championship, but lost 27-10 to the Dolphins.

In 1974, Oakland had a 12-2 regular season, which included a 9-game winning streak. They beat the Dolphins 28-26 in the divisional round of the playoffs in a see-saw battle remembered as the "Sea of Hands" game. They then lost the AFC Championship to the Steelers, who went on to win the Super Bowl. The Raiders were held to only 29 yards rushing by the Pittsburgh defense, and late mistakes turned a 10-3 lead at the start of the fourth quarter into a disappointing 24-13 loss.

File:Ken and Rose Stabler 1992.jpg

Former Raiders quarterback Ken Stabler. He won the 1974 MVP and led the Raiders to the title in Super Bowl XI.

In the 1975 season opener, the Raiders beat Miami and ended their 31-game home winning streak. With an 11-3 record, they defeated Cincinnati 31-28 in the divisional playoff round. Again, the Raiders faced the Steelers in the conference championship, eager for revenge; again, the Raiders came up short, as the Steelers won the AFC Championship and then went on to another Super Bowl title. According to John Madden and Al Davis, the Raiders relied on quick movement by their wide receivers on the outside sidelines - the deep threat, or 'long ball' - more so than the Steelers of that year, whose offense was far more run-oriented than it would become later in the 1970s. Forced to adapt to the frozen field of Three Rivers Stadium, with receivers slipping and unable to make quick moves to beat coverage, the Raiders lost, 16-10. The rivalry had now grown to hatred, and became the stereotype of the 'grudge match.'

In 1976, the Raiders came from behind dramatically to beat Pittsburgh 31-28 in a revenge match in the season opener, and continued to cement its reputation for dirty play by knocking WR Lynn Swann out for two weeks with a clothesline to the helmet. Al Davis later tried to sue Steelers coach Chuck Noll for libel after the latter called safety George Atkinson a criminal for the hit. The Raiders won 13 regular season games and a close 24-21 victory over New England in the playoffs. They then knocked out the Steelers in the AFC Championship to go to Super Bowl XI. Oakland's opponent was the Vikings, a team that had lost three previous Super Bowls. The Raiders led 16-0 at halftime, having forced Minnesota into multiple turnovers. By the end, they won 32-14 for their first post-merger championship.

The following season saw the Raiders finish 11-3, but they lost the division title to Denver. They settled for a wild card, beating the Colts in the second-longest overtime game in NFL history, but then fell to the Broncos in the AFC Championship. During a 1978 preseason game, Patriots WR Darryl Stingley was injured by a hit from Raiders FS Jack Tatum and paralyzed for life. Although the 1978 Raiders achieved a winning record at 9-7, they missed the playoffs for the first time since 1971, losing critical games to Seattle, Denver and Miami towards the end of the season.

1979–81 The Tom Flores Era Begins (1979-1987) and Second World Championship (1980 XV)

Jim Plunkett led the Raiders to two Super Bowl victories (XV and XVIII). He is the only eligible quarterback to start (and win) two Super Bowls without being inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

After ten consecutive winning seasons and one Super Bowl championship, John Madden left the Raiders (and coaching) in 1979 to pursue a career as a television football commentator. His replacement was former Raiders quarterback Tom Flores, the first Hispanic head coach in NFL history. Flores led the Raiders to another 9-7 season, but not the playoffs. In the 1980 off-season, quarterback Stabler was traded to the Houston Oilers for Dan Pastorini. In the fifth week of the 1980 season, Pastorini broke his leg and was replaced by former number-one draft pick Jim Plunkett. Plunkett led Oakland to an 11-5 record and a wild card berth. After playoff victories against the Houston Oilers, Cleveland Browns, and San Diego Chargers, the Raiders went to Super Bowl XV, facing the heavily favored Philadelphia Eagles. The Raiders clinched their second NFL championship in five years with a 27–10 win over the Philadelphia Eagles in Super Bowl XV. With the victory, the Raiders became the first ever wild-card team to win a Super Bowl." Two Super Bowl records of note occurred in this game: 1) Kenny King's 80-yard, first-quarter, catch-and-run reception from Jim Plunkett remained the longest touchdown Super Bowl pass play for the next 23 years; and 2) Rod Martin's three interceptions of Eagles' quarterback Ron Jaworski still stands today as a Super Bowl record. Reflecting on the last ten years during the post-game awards ceremony, Al Davis stated "...this was our finest hour, this was the finest hour in the history of the Oakland Raiders. To Tom Flores, the coaches, and the athletes: you were magnificent out there, you really were." The team would not see a repeat performance in 1981, falling to 7-9 and a losing record for the first time since 1963.

The Los Angeles Era (1982-94) and Third World Championship (1983 XVIII)

Prior to the 1980 season, Al Davis attempted unsuccessfully to have improvements made to the Oakland Coliseum, specifically the addition of luxury boxes. That year, he signed a Memorandum of Agreement to move the Raiders from Oakland to Los Angeles. The move, which required three-fourths approval by league owners, was defeated 22–0 (with five owners abstaining). When Davis tried to move the team anyway, he was blocked by an injunction. In response, the Raiders not only became an active partner in an antitrust lawsuit filed by the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum (who had recently lost the Los Angeles Rams), but filed an antitrust lawsuit of their own. After the first case was declared a mistrial, in May 1982 a second jury found in favor of Davis and the Los Angeles Coliseum, clearing the way for the move. With the ruling, the Raiders finally relocated to Los Angeles for the 1982 season to play their home games at the Los Angeles Coliseum.

Raider's Hall of Famer Marcus Allen is considered as one of the greatest goal line and short-yard runners in National Football League history.

The team finished 8–1 in the strike-shortened 1982 season, first in the AFC, but lost in the second round of the playoffs to the Jets. The following season, the team finished 12–4 and won convincingly against the Steelers and Seattle Seahawks in the AFC playoffs. Against the Washington Redskins in Super Bowl XVIII, the Raiders built a 21–3 halftime lead en route to a 38–9 victory and their third NFL championship.

The team had another successful regular season in 1984, finishing 11-5, but a three-game losing streak forced them to enter the playoffs as a wild-card, where they fell to the Seahawks.

The 1985 campaign saw 12 wins and a division title, but that was followed by an embarrassing home playoff loss to the Patriots.

The Raiders' fortunes declined after that, and from 1986–89, Los Angeles finished no better than 8–8 and posted consecutive losing seasons for the first time since 1961–62. Also 1986 saw Al Davis get into a widely publicized argument with RB Marcus Allen, whom he accused of faking injuries. The feud continued into 1987, and Davis retaliated by signing Bo Jackson in Allen's place. However, Jackson was also a left fielder for Major League Baseball's Kansas City Royals, and could not play full-time until baseball season ended in October. Even worse, another strike cost the NFL one game and prompted them to use substitute players. The Raiders fill-ins achieved a 1-2 record before the regular team returned. After a weak 5-10 finish, Tom Flores moved to the front office and was replaced by Denver Broncos offensive assistant coach Mike Shanahan. Shanahan led the team to a 7-9 season in 1988, and Allen and Jackson continued to trade places as the starting RB. Low game attendance and fan apathy were evident by this point, and in the summer of 1988, rumors of a Raiders return to Oakland intensified when a preseason game against the Houston Oilers was scheduled at Oakland Coliseum.

As early as 1986, Davis sought to abandon the Coliseum in favor of a more modern stadium. The neighborhood around Exposition Park was considered dangerous at the time (which caused the NFL to schedule the Raiders' Monday Night Football appearances as away games - the NFL would not even consider allowing the Raiders to use Anaheim Stadium for Monday night games). In addition to sharing the venue with the USC Trojans, the Coliseum was aging and still lacked the luxury suites and other amenities that Davis was promised when he moved the Raiders to Los Angeles. Finally, the Coliseum had 95,000 seats and the Raiders were rarely able to fill all of them even in their best years, and so most Raiders home games were blacked out in Southern California. Numerous venues in California were considered, including one near Hollywood Park in Inglewood and another in Carson. In August 1987, it was announced that the city of Irwindale paid Davis USD $10 million as a good-faith deposit for a prospective stadium site. When the bid failed, Davis kept the non-refundable deposit.

1989–94 The Art Shell and Bo Jackson Era

Bo Jackson was the first athlete to be named an All-Star in two major American sports. He also won the Heisman Trophy in 1985.

Negotiations between Davis and Oakland commenced in January 1989, and on March 11, 1991, Davis announced his intention to bring the Raiders back to Oakland. By September 1991, however, numerous delays had prevented the completion of the deal between Davis and Oakland. On September 11, Davis announced a new deal to stay in Los Angeles, leading many fans in Oakland to burn Raiders paraphernalia in disgust.

After starting the 1989 season with a 1–3 record, Shanahan was fired by Davis, which began a long-standing feud between the two. He was replaced by former Raider offensive lineman Art Shell, who had been voted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame earlier in the year. With the hiring, Shell became the first African American head coach in the modern NFL era, but the team still finished a middling 8-8.

In 1990, Shell led Los Angeles to a 12–4 record. They beat the Bengals in the divisional round of the playoffs, but Bo Jackson had his left femur ripped from the socket after a tackle. Without him, the Raiders were crushed in the AFC Championship by the Buffalo Bills. Jackson was forced to quit football as a result, although surgery allowed him to continue playing baseball until he retired in 1994.

The team's status faded after the loss. They made two other playoff appearances during the 1990s, and finished higher than third place only three times. In 1991, they got into the postseason as a wild-card after a 9-7 regular season, but fell to Kansas City. 1992 saw them drop to 7-9. This period was marked by the injury of Jackson in 1991, the failure of troubled quarterback Todd Marinovich, the acrimonious departure of Marcus Allen in 1993, and the retirement of Hall of Fame defensive end Howie Long after the 1993 season, when the Raiders went 10-6 and lost to Buffalo in the divisional round of the playoffs. Shell was fired after posting a 9–7 record in the 1994 season.

Back To Oakland (1995–present)

Raiders' wide receiver Tim Brown spent 16 years with the Raiders, during which he established himself as one of the NFL's most prolific wide receivers.

On June 23, 1995, Davis signed a letter of intent to move the Raiders back to Oakland. The move was approved by the Alameda County Board of Supervisors the next month, as well as by the NFL. The move was greeted with much fanfare, and under new head coach Mike White the 1995 season started off well for the team. Oakland started 8–2, but injuries to starting quarterback Jeff Hostetler contributed to a six-game losing streak to end the season, and the Raiders failed to qualify for the playoffs for a second consecutive season.

In order to convince Davis to return, Oakland spent $220 million on stadium renovations. These included a new seating section — commonly known as "Mount Davis" — with 10,000 seats. It also built the team a training facility and paid all its moving costs. The Raiders pay just $525,000 a year in rent — a fraction of what the nearby San Francisco 49ers pay to play at Candlestick Park — and do not pay maintenance or game-day operating costs.

The Jon Gruden Era (1996-2002)

1996-99

After two more unsuccessful seasons (7-9 in 1996 and 4-12 in 1997) under White and his successor, Joe Bugel, Davis selected a new head coach from outside the Raiders organization for only the second time when he hired Philadelphia Eagles offensive coordinator Jon Gruden, who previously worked for the 49ers and Packers under head coach Mike Holmgren. Under Gruden, the Raiders posted consecutive 8-8 seasons in 1998 and 1999, and climbed out of last place in the AFC West.

2000

Main article: 2000 Oakland Raiders season

Oakland finished 12-4 in the 2000 season, the team's most successful in a decade. Led by veteran quarterback Rich Gannon, Oakland won their first division title since 1990, and advanced to the AFC Championship, where they lost 16–3 to the eventual Super Bowl champion Baltimore Ravens.

2001

Main article: 2001 Oakland Raiders season

File:NFLonCBSscore0102.png

The 2001 AFC divisional playoff game, known to some as the "Tuck Rule Game" was the playoff game between the New England Patriots and the Oakland Raiders.

The Raiders acquired all-time leading receiver Jerry Rice prior to the 2001 season. They finished 10-6 and won a second straight AFC West title but lost their divisional-round playoff game to the eventual Super Bowl champion New England Patriots, in a controversial game that became known as the "Tuck Rule Game." The game was played in a heavy snowstorm, and late in the fourth quarter Raiders star cornerback Charles Woodson blitzed Patriots quarterback Tom Brady causing an apparent fumble which was recovered by Raiders linebacker Greg Biekert. The recovery could have potentially led to a Raiders victory; however, the play was reviewed and determined to be an incomplete pass (it was ruled that Brady had pump faked and then "tucked" the ball into his body, which, by rule, cannot result in a fumble—though this explanation was not given on the field, but after the NFL season had ended). The Patriots retained possession and drove for a game-tying field goal. The game went into overtime and the Patriots won 16–13.

Bill Callahan Era

Shortly after the season, the Raiders made an unusual move that involved releasing Gruden from his contract and allowing the Tampa Bay Buccaneers to sign him. In return, the Raiders received cash and future draft picks from the Buccaneers. The sudden move came after months of speculation in the media that Davis and Gruden had fallen out with each other both personally and professionally. Bill Callahan, who served as the team's offensive coordinator and offensive line coach during Gruden's tenure, was named head coach.

2002

Main article: 2002 Oakland Raiders season

Under Callahan, the Raiders finished the 2002 season 11-5, won their third straight division title, and clinched the top seed in the playoffs. Rich Gannon was named MVP of the NFL after passing for a league-high 4,689 yards. After beating the Jets and Titans by large margins in the playoffs, the Raiders made their fifth Super Bowl appearance in Super Bowl XXXVII. Their opponent was the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, coached by Gruden. The Raiders, who had not made significant changes to Gruden's offensive schemes, were intercepted five times by the Buccaneers en route to a 48–21 blowout. Some Tampa Bay players claimed that Gruden had given them so much information on Oakland's offense, they knew exactly what plays were being called.

2003

Main article: 2003 Oakland Raiders season

Callahan's second season as head coach was considerably less successful. Oakland finished 4–12, their worst showing since 1997. After a late-season loss to the Denver Broncos, a visibly frustrated Callahan exclaimed, "We've got to be the dumbest team in America in terms of playing the game." At the end of the 2003 regular season Callahan was fired and replaced by former Washington Redskins head coach Norv Turner.

Coaching Carousel (2004–11)

Norv Turner Era (2004-05)

Main article: 2004 Oakland Raiders season

Main article: 2005 Oakland Raiders season

The team's fortunes did not improve in Turner's first year. Oakland finished the 2004 season 5–11, with only one divisional win (a one-point victory over the Broncos in Denver). During a Week 3 victory against the Buccaneers, Rich Gannon suffered a neck injury that ended his season and eventually his career. He never returned to the team and retired before the 2005 season. Kerry Collins, who led the New York Giants to an appearance in Super Bowl XXXV and signed with Oakland after the 2003 season, became the team's starting quarterback.

In an effort to bolster their offense, in early 2005 the Raiders acquired Pro Bowl wide receiver Randy Moss via trade with the Minnesota Vikings, and signed free agent running back Lamont Jordan of the New York Jets. After a 4–12 season and a second consecutive last place finish, Turner was fired as head coach.

Art Shell Returns (2006)

Main article: 2006 Oakland Raiders season

On February 11, 2006 the team announced the return of Art Shell as head coach. In announcing the move, Al Davis said that firing Shell in 1995 had been a mistake. Under Shell, the Raiders lost their first five games in 2006 en route to a 2–14 record, the team's worst since 1962. Oakland's offense struggled greatly, scoring just 168 points (fewest in franchise history) and allowing a league-high 72 sacks. Wide receiver Jerry Porter was benched by Shell for most of the season in what many viewed as a personal, rather than football-related, decision. Shell was fired again at the end of the season. The Raiders also earned the right to the first overall pick in the 2007 NFL Draft for the first time since 1962, by virtue of having the league's worst record.

Lane Kiffin Era (2007–08)

Main article: 2007 Oakland Raiders season

Main article: 2008 Oakland Raiders season

On January 22, the team announced the hiring of 31-year-old USC offensive coordinator Lane Kiffin, the youngest coach in franchise history and the youngest coach in the NFL. In the 2007 NFL Draft, the Raiders selected LSU quarterback JaMarcus Russell with the #1 overall pick. Russel is arguably the biggest bust in NFL history. Lane didn't want to draft JaMarcus Russell and this led to his eventual dismissal, among other things. Kiffin coached the Raiders to a 4-12 record in the 2007 season. After a 1-3 start to 2008 and months of speculation and rumors, Davis fired Kiffin on September 30, 2008.

Tom Cable Era (2008–10)

Main article: 2009 Oakland Raiders season

Main article: 2010 Oakland Raiders season

Darren McFadden was drafted by the Oakland Raiders with the fourth overall pick in the 2008 NFL Draft.

Tom Cable was named as his interim replacement, and officially signed as the 17th head coach of the Oakland Raiders on Tuesday, February 3, 2009.

Their finish to the 2008 season would turn out to match their best since they lost the Super Bowl in the 2002 season. However, they still finished 5–11 and ended up third in the AFC West, the first time they did not finish last since 2002. They would produce an identical record in 2009; however, the season was somewhat ameliorated by the fact that four of the Raiders' five wins were against opponents with above .500 records. At the end of their 2009 campaign, the Raiders became the first team in NFL history to lose at least 11 games in seven straight seasons.

In 2010, the Raiders became the first team in NFL history to go undefeated against their division yet miss the playoffs (6-0 in the AFC West, 8-8 overall, 3 games behind the Jets for the second Wild Card entry). On January 4, 2011, owner Al Davis informed head coach Tom Cable that his contract would not be renewed, ending his tenure with the organization. Many Raider players, such as punter Shane Lechler, were upset with the decision.

Hue Jackson Era (2011)

Main article: 2011 Oakland Raiders season

Carson Palmer with the Oakland Raiders in November 2011.

On January 17, 2011, it was announced that offensive coordinator Hue Jackson was going to be the next Raiders head coach. A press conference was held on January 18, 2011, to formally introduce Jackson as the next Raiders head coach, the fifth in just seven years. Following Davis' death during the 2011 season, new owners Carol and Mark Davis decided to take the franchise in a drastically different direction by hiring a general manager. On New Year's Day of 2012, the Raiders played the San Diego Chargers, hoping to go to the playoffs for the first time since 2002, the game ended with a 38-26 loss. Their season ended with another disappointing 8-8 record.

The Reggie McKenzie/Dennis Allen Era Begin (2012–Present)

Main article: 2012 Oakland Raiders season

On January 6, 2012, the Raiders named Green Bay Packers director of football operations Reggie McKenzie as the team's first General Manager since Al Davis. Given full autonomy over personnel decisions by the Davis family, McKenzie, in his first day on the job, fired head coach Hue Jackson after only one season on January 10, seeking to hire his own head coach instead. In the process, the Raiders lost their sixth head coach in the past ten seasons, none of whom lasted more than two seasons. Two weeks later, McKenzie hired Broncos defensive coordinator Dennis Allen as head coach. Most of the coaching staff has been replaced by new position and strength and conditioning coaches. The Raiders began 2012 by losing their home opener on Monday Night Football against San Diego 22-14.

Logos and Uniforms

When founded in 1959, a "name the team" contest was held by the Oakland Tribune, and the winner was the Oakland Señors. After a few weeks of being the butt of local jokes (and accusations that the contest was fixed, as Chet Soda was fairly well known within the Oakland business community for calling his acquaintances "señor"), the fledgling team (and its owners) changed the team's name nine days later to the Oakland Raiders, which had finished third in the naming contest. The original team colors were black, gold and white. The now-familiar team emblem of a pirate (or "raider") wearing a football helmet was created, reportedly a rendition of actor Randolph Scott.

The original Raiders uniforms were black and gold, while the helmets were black with a white stripe and no logo. The team wore this design from 1960–62. When Al Davis became head coach and general manager in 1963, he changed the team's color scheme to silver and black, and added a logo to the helmet. This logo is a shield that consists of the word "Raiders" at the top, crossed swords, and the head of a Raider wearing a football helmet. Over the years, it has undergone minor color modifications (such as changing the background from silver to black in 1964), but it has essentially remained the same.

The Raiders have had the same logo since 1963.

The Raiders' current silver and black uniform design has essentially remained the same since it debuted in 1963. It consists of silver helmets, silver pants, and either black or white jerseys. The black jerseys have silver numbers, while the white jerseys have black numbers with silver outline. Originally, the white jerseys had silver numbers with a thick black outline, but they were changed to black with a silver outline for the 1964 season. In 1970, the team used silver numerals for the season. However, in 1971 the team again displayed black numerals and have stayed that way ever since (with the exception of the 1994 season as part of the NFL's 75th Anniversary where they donned the 1963 helmets with the 1970 silver away numbers).

The Raiders wore their white jerseys at home for the first time in their history on September 28, 2008 against the San Diego Chargers. The decision was made by Lane Kiffin, who was coaching his final game for the Raiders, and was purportedly due to intense heat. The high temperature in Oakland that day was 78 degrees.

For the 2009 season, the Raiders took part in the AFL Legacy Program and wore 1960s throwback jerseys for games against other teams who used to be a part of the AFL.

For the 2012 NFL season and beyond, the Raiders will wear black cleats as a tribute to Al Davis.

Home Fields

O.co Coliseum is part of the Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum complex, which consists of the stadium and neighboring Oracle Arena.

After splitting the first home season between Kezar Stadium and Candlestick, the Raiders moved exclusively to Candlestick Park in 1961, where total attendance for the season was about 50,000, and finished 2–12. Valley threatened to move the Raiders out of the area unless a stadium was built in Oakland, so in 1962 the Raiders moved into 18,000-seat Frank Youell Field (later expanded to 22,000 seats), their first home in Oakland. It was a temporary home for the team while the 53,000 seat Oakland Coliseum was under construction; the Coliseum was completed in 1966. The Raiders have shared the Coliseum with the Oakland Athletics since the A's moved to Oakland from Kansas City in 1968, except for the years the Raiders called Los Angeles home (1982–94).

The Raiders did play one regular season game at California Memorial Stadium in Berkeley, CA. On September 23, 1973 they played the Miami Dolphins in Berkeley due to a scheduling conflict with the Athletics. The team defeated the Dolphins 12-7, ending the Dolphins' winning streak.

During the Los Angeles years, the Raiders played in the 93,000 seat Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum.

New Stadium Proposals

Due to the age of the O.co Coliseum, the Raiders being secondary tenants to the Athletics, the fact that it is not ideally suited to hosting either baseball or football games and the fact that the Raiders' lease will expire at the end of 2013, the Raiders have been linked to a number of new stadium projects.

Santa Clara

Main article: Santa Clara Stadium

There have been ongoing discussions for the Raiders to share the new stadium being built in Santa Clara, California with the 49ers. However, the 49ers went ahead without the Raiders and broke ground on the new $1.2 billion Santa Clara stadium on April 19 2012 and have since sold $670 million worth of seats including 70% of club and luxury suites, making it unlikely that the Raiders would continue to explore the idea of sharing the stadium as they would now be secondary tenants with little to no commercial rights over the highly lucrative luxury suites. Raiders' owner Mark Davis further increased the unlikelihood of the Raiders and the 49ers sharing the Santa Clara stadium when he told NFL Network reporter Ian Rapoport that he has no plans to share the Santa Clara stadium but that he did recognize the Raiders' need for a new home and that he hoped the new home would be in Oakland.

Return to Los Angeles

Main article: Farmers Field

Main article: Los Angeles Stadium

The Raiders, along with the San Diego Chargers and St. Louis Rams, have also been linked with a return to L.A. and its proposed new $1.2 billion privately funded stadium in downtown Los Angeles. The stadium project, spearheaded by Anschutz Entertainment Group and to be named Farmers Field in a sponsorship agreement with Farmers Insurance Exchange, is for a 72,000 seat roofed stadium to be built next to the Staples Center. Construction of the stadium is contingent on a franchise committing to relocating to Los Angeles. There is also a plan by Edward P. Roski to move the Raiders to the proposed Los Angeles Stadium in Industry. Competing with AEG's plan is Majestic Realty Chairman and CEO Edward P. Roski's proposal, Los Angeles Stadium, based in City of Industry.[2][21] After assessing multiple sites in Los Angeles County, the proposal settled on Industry over the available land to develop and its location to the Los Angeles metropolitan area.[1] The currently titled Los Angeles Stadium is part of a 600-acre (240 ha) entertainment and retail development, which will include concert halls, hotels, retail and convention space in addition to 25,000 on-site parking spaces.[2] Following two environmental impact reports (EIR) being finalized in 2009, the privately financed project is cleared to begin construction pending the resolution of the NFL's collective bargaining agreement dispute with the Player's Association.[1][2] Roski had previously partnered with AEG in the development and construction of Staples Center in 1999 and again in 2002 for AEG's first stadium proposal on the current location of its 2010 proposal.[3]

New stadium in Oakland

On March 7 2012, Oakland mayor Jean Quan unveiled an ambitious project to the media that was designed to improve the sports facilities of all 3 major league sports teams in the city (the Raiders, the MLB's Athletics and the NBA's Golden State Warriors) as well as attract new businesses to the city. The project, dubbed Coliseum City, entails the redevelopment of the existing Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum complex. The redevelopment will see the construction of two new stadiums on the present location; a baseball only stadium and a football only stadium, while the Oracle Arena, home of the Warriors, will be either rebuilt or undergo extensive renovations. A sum of $3.5 million was committed to preliminary planning on the project. However, no officials from either of Oakland's major league teams were present at the media conference.

Culture

The Raider Nation is the unofficial name for the fans of the NFL's Oakland Raiders. They are particularly associated with a section of the Oakland Coliseum known as the "Black Hole" which is usually occupied by rowdy fans.

Commitment To Excellence

Al Davis coined slogans such as "Pride and Poise," "Commitment to Excellence," and "Just Win, Baby"—all of which are registered trademarks of the team."

Raider Nation

Main article: Raider Nation

The nickname Raider Nation refers to the die hard fans of the team spread throughout the United States and the world. Members of the Raider Nation who attend home games are known for arriving to the stadium early, tailgating, dressing up in face masks, and black outfits. The Raider Nation is also known for the "Black Hole", a specific area of the Coliseum (sections 104–107) frequented by the team's rowdiest and most fervent fans.

Al Davis created the phrase Raider Nation in 1968.

In September 2009, Ice Cube recorded a song for the Raiders named "Raider Nation". In 2010, he took part in a documentary for ESPN's 30 for 30 series titled Straight Outta L.A.. It mainly focuses on N.W.A. and the effect of the Raiders image on their persona.

Cheerleaders

Main article: Oakland Raiderettes

The Oakland Raiderettes performing a routine.

The Oakland Raiderettes are the cheerleading squad for the Oakland Raiders. They were established in 1961 as the Oakland Raiderettes. When the Raiders moved to Los Angeles in 1982, the cheerleading squad became known as the Los Angeles Raiderettes. However, when the franchise moved back to Oakland in 1995, the Raiderettes changed their name back to the Oakland Raiderettes. In both Los Angeles and Oakland they have been billed as "Football's Fabulous Females".

Radio and Television

Main article: List of Oakland Raiders broadcasters

Raiders' Radio Network

Raider games are broadcast in English on 16 radio stations in California, including flagship station KITS Live 105 (105.3 FM) in San Francisco. Additionally, games are broadcast on 20 radio stations in Nevada, Oregon, Colorado, Idaho, Hawaii, Virginia, Texas, Arkansas, Nebraska and Georgia. Greg Papa is the play-by-play announcer, with former Raider coach and quarterback Tom Flores doing commentary. George Atkinson and Jim Plunkett offer pre- and post-game commentary. Compass Media Networks is responsible for producing and distributing Raiders radio broadcasts.

Bill King is the Voice of the Raiders. Hired in 1966, he called approximately 600 games. The Raiders awarded him all three rings. King left after the 1992 season. It's Bill's radio audio heard on most of the NFL Films highlight footage of the Raiders. King's call of the Holy Roller (American football) has been labeled (by Chris Berman, among others) as one of 5 best in NFL history. King died in October 2005 from complications after surgery. Scotty Sterling, an Oakland Tribune sportswriter served as the "color man" with King. The Raider games were called on radio from 1960–62 by Bud (Wilson Keene) Foster and Mel Venter; from 1963–65 by Bob Blum and Dan Galvin.

Television

Raiders' games are broadcast locally on CBS affiliate KPIX (when playing an AFC opponent) and on Fox affiliate KTVU (when hosting an NFC opponent), unless the game is blacked out locally.

The Raiders are a beneficiary of league scheduling policies. Both the Raiders and the San Francisco 49ers share the San Francisco Bay Area market, and said market is on the West Coast of the United States. This means that the Raiders cannot play home games or most division games in the early 10:00 a.m. Pacific time slot, nor can they play interconference home games at the same time or network as the 49ers. As a result, both teams generally have more limited scheduling options, and also benefit by receiving more prime time games than usual (click here for further information).

Rivals

Further information: Broncos–Raiders rivalry and Chiefs–Raiders rivalry

The Oakland Raiders have four primary rivals: their divisional rivals (Denver Broncos, Kansas City Chiefs, and San Diego Chargers) and their geographic rival, the San Francisco 49ers. They also have rivalries with other teams that arose from playoff battles in the past, most notably with the Pittsburgh Steelers and the New England Patriots. The Seattle Seahawks has an old rivalry with Oakland as well, but the rivalry became less relevant with the Seahawks moving to the NFC West.

Divisional Rivals

The Chiefs-Raiders game in 2006 at Arrowhead Stadium.

The Broncos and Raiders have been divisional rivals since the two teams began play in the AFL in 1960. While the Raiders still hold the advantage in the all-time series 59–43–2, the Broncos amassed 21 wins in 28 games, from the 1995 season and the arrival of Broncos head coach Mike Shanahan, through the 2008 season. Shanahan coached the Raiders before being fired just four games into the 1989 season, which has only served to intensify this rivalry. On Sunday, October 24, 2010 the Raiders beat the Broncos (59-14), giving the Raiders the most points scored in a game in the team's history. The Broncos' first ever Super Bowl appearance (in the 1977 season) was made possible by defeating Oakland in the AFC Championship.

The Chiefs and Raiders have had several memorable matches and have a bitter divisional rivalry. Oakland lost the 1969 AFL Championship against Kansas City, who went on to beat the Minnesota Vikings and win the Super Bowl. Kansas City leads the overall series 53–48–2.

The San Diego Chargers' rivalry with Oakland dates to the 1963 season, when the Raiders defeated the heavily favored Chargers twice, both come-from-behind fourth quarter victories. One of the most memorable games between these teams was the "Holy Roller" game in 1978, in which the Raiders fumbled for a touchdown in a very controversial play. The Raiders hold the overall series advantage at 57–45–2.

Battle Of The Bay Rival

The San Francisco 49ers, located on the other side of San Francisco Bay, are the Raiders' geographic rivals. The first exhibition game played in 1967, ended with the NFL 49ers defeating the AFL Raiders 13-10. After the 1970 merger, the 49ers won in Oakland 38-7. As a result, games between the two are referred to as the "Battle of the Bay." Since the two teams play in different conferences, regular-season matchups are at least every four years. Fans and players of the winning team can claim "bragging rights" as the better team in the area.

On August 20, 2011, in the third week of the pre-season, the pre-season game between the rivals was marked by fights in restrooms and stands at Candlestick Park including a shooting outside the stadium in which several were injured. The NFL has decided to cancel all future pre-season games between the Raiders and 49ers.

Historic Rivals

The rivalry between the Raiders and New England Patriots dates to their time in the AFL, but was intensified during a 1978 preseason game, when Patriots wide receiver Darryl Stingley was permanently paralyzed after a vicious hit delivered by Raiders free safety Jack Tatum. Before that, New England also lost a playoff game in 1976 to the Raiders; the game is unofficially known as "The Ben Dreith Game" due to a controversial penalty by head referee Dreith. The two teams met in a divisional-round playoff game in 2002, which became known as the "Tuck Rule Game". Late in the game, an incomplete pass, ruled a fumble, by Patriots quarterback Tom Brady was overturned, and New England went on to win in overtime and eventually won the Super Bowl against the heavily favored St. Louis Rams, the Raiders' former crosstown rivals in Los Angeles. Since that game, the Patriots have won two of the last three regular season contests between the two teams. The first contest being the following year during the 2002 season in Oakland, with the Raiders winning 27–20; they met on the 2005 season opener in New England with the Patriots ruining Randy Moss' debut as a Raider 30-20; the Patriots defeated the Raiders 49-26 in December 2008 in Bill Belichick's 100th regular season win as Patriots coach; the most recent meeting saw the Patriots win 31–19 during the 2011 season.

The New York Jets began a strong rivalry with the Raiders in the AFL during the 1960s that continued through much of the 1970s, fueled in part by Raider Ike Lassiter breaking star quarterback Joe Namath's jaw during a 1967 game (though Ben Davidson wrongly got blamed), the famous Heidi Game during the 1968 season, and the Raiders' bitter loss to the Jets in the AFL Championship later that season. The rivalry waned in later years, but saw a minor resurgence in the 2000-02 period. The Jets edged the Raiders in the final week of the 2001 season 24-22 on a last-second John Hall field goal; the Raiders hosted the Jets in the Wild Card round the following Saturday and won 38-24. In the 2002 season the Raiders defeated the Jets 26-20 in December, then defeated them again in the AFC Divisional Playoffs, 30-10. The Raiders won the most recent matchup 34-24 on September 25, 2011.

The Pittsburgh Steelers' rivalry with the Raiders has historically been very tight - with the 2012 season the Raiders lead the rivalry 11 wins to nine for Pittsburgh and their playoff rivalry is tied 3-3. The rivalry was extremely intense during the 1970s. The Steelers knocked the Raiders out of the playoffs in three of four consecutive seasons in the early 1970s (the first loss was the "Immaculate Reception" game) until the Raiders finally beat the Steelers in the 1976 AFC Championship (and went on to win Super Bowl XI). During the 1975 AFC Championship game, Raiders strong safety George Atkinson delivered a hit on Pittsburgh wide receiver Lynn Swann that gave him a concussion. When the two teams met in the 1976 season opener, Atkinson hit Swann again and gave him another concussion. After the second incident, Steelers head coach Chuck Noll referred to Atkinson as part of the "criminal element" in the NFL. Atkinson filed a $2 million defamation lawsuit against Noll and the Steelers, which he lost. The two clubs' three most recent contests harkened back to the rivalry's history of bitterness and close competition. On December 6, 2009 the 3-8 Raiders helped spoil the defending champions' quest for the playoffs as the game lead changed five times in the fourth quarter and a Louis Murphy touchdown with 11 seconds to go won it 27-24 for the Raiders. Oakland was then beaten 35-3 by Pittsburgh on November 21, 2010; this game brought out the roughness of the rivalry's 1970s history when Steelers quarterback Ben Roethlisberger was sucker-punched by Raiders defensive end Richard Seymour following a touchdown. Most recently, on September 23, 2012 the Raiders erased a 31-21 Steelers lead and won 34-31 on a last-second 43-yard field goal by Sebastian Janikowski.

Rivalries that have waned in recent years have been with the Miami Dolphins and Houston Oilers/Tennessee Titans. The Raiders faced the Dolphins twice in the early 1970s; the Dolphins defeated the Raiders in the 1973 AFC Championship Game 27-10 on their way to Super Bowl VIII. The next year in the divisional playoffs the Raiders trailed Miami 26-21; in the final minute the Raiders drove to the Miami eight-yard line; a desperation pass by Ken Stabler was caught in traffic by Clarence Davis in the play known as the "Sea Of Hands."

The Raiders faced the Houston Oilers throughout the AFL era and twice in AFL playoffs in the late 1960s, winning 40-7 in 1967 on their way to Super Bowl II and 56-7 in the 1969 divisional playoffs. Oakland defeated the Oilers in the 1980 Wild Card playoffs 27-7 and defeated the Titans in the 2002 AFC Championship Game 41-24; the combined scores of these four games is 164-45.

Historic Battle For LA Rivalry

As mentioned earlier, the Raiders and Rams had a rivalry during the 13 years both teams shared the Los Angeles market. The teams met six times in the regular season in this period, with the Raiders winning four times.

Raiders vs. Opponents

Notes:

• Regular season record (all-time): 426-351-11 (as of week 17 of the 2011 NFL season)
• Playoff record (all-time): 25-18 (last appearance after 2002 season)
• The New York Jets were known as the New York Titans.
• The Tennessee Titans were known as the Houston Oilers.

Raiders records against all of the other 31 NFL franchises
Opponent	First meeting	Regular season				Playoffs
		Wins	Losses	Ties	Percent	Wins	Losses	Percent
Arizona Cardinals	1973	5	3	0	.625	0	0	--
Atlanta Falcons	1971	7	5	0	.583	0	0	--
Baltimore Ravens	1996	1	5	0	.167	0	1	0
Buffalo Bills	1960	19	17	0	.528	0	2	0
Carolina Panthers	1997	2	2	0	.500	0	0	--
Chicago Bears	1972	7	6	0	.538	0	0	--
Cincinnati Bengals	1968	18	8	0	.692	2	0	1.000
Cleveland Browns	1970	11	8	0	.579	2	0	1.000
Dallas Cowboys	1974	6	4	0	.600	0	0	--
Denver Broncos	1960	59	42	2	.573	1	1	.500
Detroit Lions	1970	6	5	0	.545	0	0	--
Green Bay Packers	1972	5	6	0	.455	0	1	0
Houston Texans	2004	2	5	0	.286	0	0	--
Indianapolis Colts	1971	7	5	0	.583	1	1	.500
Jacksonville Jaguars	1996	1	4	0	.200	0	0	--
Kansas City Chiefs	1960	48	53	2	.476	1	2	.333
Miami Dolphins	1972	16	14	1	.532	3	1	.750
Minnesota Vikings	1973	9	4	0	.692	1	0	1.000
New England Patriots	1960	14	15	1	.467	1	2	.333
New Orleans Saints	1971	5	5	1	.455	0	0	--
New York Giants	1973	7	4	0	.636	0	0	--
New York Jets	1960	21	15	2	.553	2	2	.500
Philadelphia Eagles	1971	5	5	0	.500	1	0	1.000
Pittsburgh Steelers	1970	10	9	0	.526	3	3	.500
San Diego Chargers	1960	57	45	2	.558	1	0	1.000
San Francisco 49ers	1968	6	6	0	.500	0	0	--
Seattle Seahawks	1977	28	23	0	.549	1	1	.500
St. Louis Rams	1972	8	4	0	.667	0	0	--
Tampa Bay Buccaneers	1976	6	1	0	.857	0	1	0
Tennessee Titans	1960	23	19	0	.548	4	0	1.000
Washington Redskins	1970	7	4	0	.636	1	0	1.000

Ownership, Administration and Financial Operations

Founding Of The Franchise

A few months after the first AFL draft in 1959, the owners of the yet-unnamed Minneapolis-Saint Paul franchise accepted an offer to join the established National Football League as an expansion team (now called the Minnesota Vikings) in 1961, sending the AFL scrambling for a replacement. At the time, Oakland seemed an unlikely venue for a professional football team. The city had not asked for a team, there was no ownership group and there was no stadium in Oakland suitable for pro football (the closest stadiums were in Berkeley and San Francisco) and there was already a successful NFL franchise in the Bay Area in the San Francisco 49ers. However, the AFL owners selected Oakland after Los Angeles Chargers owner Barron Hilton threatened to forfeit his franchise unless a second team was placed on the West Coast. Accordingly, the city of Oakland was awarded the eighth AFL franchise on January 30, 1960, and the team inherited the Minneapolis club's draft picks.

Upon receiving the franchise, Oakland civic leaders found a number of businesspeople willing to invest in the new team. A limited partnership was formed to own the team headed by managing general partner Y. Charles (Chet) Soda (1908–89), a local real estate developer, and included general partners Ed McGah (1899–1983), Robert Osborne (1898–1968), F. Wayne Valley (1914–86), restaurateur Harvey Binns (1914–82), Don Blessing (1904–2000), and contractor Charles Harney (1902–62) as well as numerous limited partners.

The Raiders finished their first campaign with a 6–8 record, and lost $500,000. Desperately in need of money to continue running the team, Valley received a $400,000 loan from Buffalo Bills founder Ralph C. Wilson Jr.

After the conclusion of the first season Soda dropped out of the partnership, and on January 17, 1961, Valley, McGah and Osborne bought out the remaining four general partners. Soon after, Valley and McGah purchased Osborne's interest, with Valley named as the managing general partner.

In 1962, Valley hired Al Davis, a former assistant coach for the San Diego Chargers, as head coach and general manager. In April 1966, Davis left the Raiders after being named AFL Commissioner. Two months later, the league announced its merger with the NFL. With the merger, the position of commissioner was no longer needed, and Davis entered into discussions with Valley about returning to the Raiders. On July 25, 1966, Davis returned as part owner of the team. He purchased a 10% interest in the team for US $18,000, and became the team's third general partner — the partner in charge of football operations.

In 1972, with Wayne Valley out of the country for several weeks attending the Olympic Games in Munich, Davis's attorneys drafted a revised partnership agreement that gave him total control over all of the Raiders' operations. McGah, a supporter of Davis, signed the agreement. Under partnership law, by a 2–1 vote of the general partners, the new agreement was thus ratified. Valley was furious when he discovered this, and immediately filed suit to have the new agreement overturned, but the court sided with Davis and McGah.

In 1976, Valley sold his interest in the team, and Davis — who now owned only 25% of the Raiders — was firmly in charge.

Current Ownership Structure

Legally, the club is a limited partnership with nine partners — Davis' heirs and the heirs of the original eight team partners. From 1972 onward, Davis had exercised near-complete control as president of the team's general partner, A.D. Football, Inc. Although exact ownership stakes are not known, it has been reported that Davis owned 47% of the team shares before his death in 2011.

Ed McGah, the last of the original eight general partners of the Raiders, died in September 1983. Upon his death, his interest was devised to a family trust, of which his son, E.J. McGah, was the trustee. The younger McGah was himself a part-owner of the team, as a limited partner, and died in 2002. Several members of the McGah family filed suit against Davis in October 2003, alleging mismanagement of the team by Davis. The lawsuit sought monetary damages and to remove Davis and A. D. Football, Inc. as the team's managing general partner. Among their specific complaints, the McGahs alleged that Davis failed to provide them with detailed financial information previously provided to Ed and E.J. McGah. The Raiders countered that—under the terms of the partnership agreement as amended in 1972—upon the death of the elder McGah in 1983, his general partner interest converted to that of a limited partner. The team continued to provide the financial information to the younger McGah as a courtesy, though it was under no obligation to do so.

The majority of the lawsuit was dismissed in April 2004, when an Alameda County Superior Court judge ruled that the case lacked merit since none of the other partners took part in the lawsuit. In October 2005, the lawsuit was settled out of court. The terms of the settlement are confidential, but it was reported that under its terms Davis purchased the McGah family's interest in the Raiders (approximately 31 percent), which gave him for the first time a majority interest, speculated to be approximately 67 percent of the team. As a result of the settlement, confidential details concerning Al Davis and the ownership of the Raiders were not released to the public. His ownership share went down to 47% when he sold 20% of the team to Wall Street investors

In 2006, it was reported that Davis had been attempting to sell the 31% ownership stake in the team obtained from the McGah family. He was unsuccessful in this effort, reportedly because the sale would not give the purchaser any control of the Raiders, even in the event of Davis's death.

Al Davis died on October 8, 2011, at 82. According to a 1999 partnership agreement, Davis' interest passed to his wife, Carol. After Davis' death, Raiders chief executive Amy Trask said that the team "will remain in the Davis family." Al and Carol's son, Mark, inherited his father's old post as managing general partner and serves as the public face of the ownership.

Financial Operations

The Raider Image is the official store of the Oakland Raiders.

According to a 2006 report released by Forbes Magazine, the Raiders' overall team value of US $736 million ranks 28th out of 32 NFL teams. The team ranked in the bottom three in league attendance from 2003–05, and failed to sellout a majority of their home games. One of the reasons cited for the poor attendance figures was the decision to issue costly Personal Seat Licenses (PSLs) upon the Raiders' return to Oakland in 1995. The PSLs, which ranged in cost from $250 to $4,000, were meant to help repay the $200 million it cost the city of Oakland and Alameda County to expand Overstock.com Coliseum. They were only valid for 10 years, however, while other teams issue them permanently. As a result, fewer than 31,000 PSLs were sold for a stadium that holds twice that amount. Since 1995, television blackouts of Raiders home games have been common.

In November 2005, the team announced that it was taking over ticket sales from the privately run Oakland Football Marketing Association (OFMA), and abolishing PSLs. In February 2006, the team also announced that it would lower ticket prices for most areas of Overstock.com Coliseum. Just prior to the start of the 2006 NFL season, the Raiders revealed that they had sold 37,000 season tickets, up from 29,000 the previous year. Despite the team's 2-14 record, they sold out six of their eight home games in 2006.

Legal Battles

The Raiders and Al Davis have been involved in several lawsuits throughout their history, including ones against the NFL. When the NFL declined to approve the Raiders' move from Oakland to Los Angeles in 1980, the team joined the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Commission in a lawsuit against the league alleging a violation of antitrust laws. The Coliseum Commission received a settlement from the NFL of $19.6 million in 1987. In 1986, Davis testified on behalf of the United States Football League in their unsuccessful antitrust lawsuit against the NFL. He was the only NFL owner to do so.

After relocating back to Oakland, the team sued the NFL for interfering with their negotiations to build a new stadium at Hollywood Park prior to the move. The Raiders' lawsuit further contended that they had the rights to the Los Angeles market, and thus were entitled to compensation from the league for giving up those rights by moving to Oakland. A jury found in favor of the NFL in 2001, but the verdict was overturned a year later due to alleged juror misconduct. In February 2005, a California Court of Appeal unanimously upheld the original verdict.

When the Raiders moved back from Los Angeles in 1995, the city of Oakland and the Oakland-Alameda County Coliseum Authority agreed to sell Personal Seat Licenses (PSLs) to help pay for the renovations to their stadium. But after games rarely sold out, the Raiders filed suit, claiming that they were misled by the city and the Coliseum Authority with the false promise that there would be sellouts. On November 2, 2005, a settlement was announced, part of which was the abolishment of PSLs as of the 2006 season.

Trademark and Trade Dress Dilution

In 1996, the team sued the NFL in Santa Clara County, California, in a lawsuit that ultimately included 22 separate causes of action. Included in the team's claims were claims that the Tampa Bay Buccaneers' pirate logo diluted the team's California trademark in its own pirate logo and for trade dress dilution on the ground that the League had improperly permitted other teams (including the Buccaneers and Carolina Panthers) to adopt colors for their uniforms similar to those of the Raiders. Among other things, the lawsuit sought an injunction to prevent the Buccaneers and Panthers from wearing their uniforms while playing in California. In 2003, these claims were dismissed on summary judgment because the relief sought would violate the Commerce Clause of the United States Constitution.

BALCO Scandal

In 2003, a number of current and former Oakland players such as Bill Romanowski, Tyrone Wheatley, Barrett Robbins, Chris Cooper and Dana Stubblefield were named as clients of the Bay Area Laboratory Co-Operative (BALCO). BALCO was an American company led by founder and owner Victor Conte. In 2003, journalists Lance Williams and Mark Fainaru-Wada investigated the company's role in a drug sports scandal later referred to as the BALCO Affair. BALCO marketed tetrahydrogestrinone ("the Clear"), a then-undetected, performance-enhancing steroid developed by chemist Patrick Arnold. Conte, BALCO vice president James Valente, weight trainer Greg Anderson and coach Remi Korchemny had supplied a number of high-profile sports stars from the United States and Europe with the Clear and human growth hormone for several years.

Headquartered in Burlingame, California, BALCO was founded in 1984. Officially, BALCO was a service business for blood and urine analysis and food supplements. In 1988, Victor Conte offered free blood and urine tests to a group of athletes known as the BALCO Olympians. He then was allowed to attend the Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea. From 1996 Conte worked with well-known American football star Bill Romanowski, who proved to be useful to establish new connections to athletes and coaches. The Raiders continue towards the future as a team.

Players

Pro Football Hall Of Famers

The Pro Football Hall of Fame has inducted eleven players who made their primary contribution to professional football while with the Raiders, in addition to owner Al Davis and head coach John Madden. The Raiders' total of 20 Hall of Famers.
Notes:

• Hall of Famers who made the major part of their primary contribution for the Raiders are listed in bold.
• Hall of Famers who spent only a minor portion of their career with the Raiders are listed in normal font.

Ted Hendricks was a member of four Super Bowl-winning teams (three with the Raiders and one with the Colts) and was a Pro Bowl selection eight times. He is the first player in NFL history to have four Super Bowl rings.

Raider's Hall of Famer Howie Long spent 13 seasons with the Raiders from 1981-1993.

Oakland/Los Angeles Raiders Hall of Famers
No.	Player	Inducted	Positions	Years with Raiders
80	Jerry Rice	2010	Wide Receiver	2001–2004
26	Rod Woodson	2009	Safety	2002–2003
	John Madden	2006	Head Coach	1969–1978
76	Bob Brown	2004	Offensive Tackle	1971–1973
80	James Lofton	2003	Wide Receiver	1987–1988
32	Marcus Allen	2003	Running Back	1982–1992
87	Dave Casper	2002	Tight End	1974–1980, 1984
42	Ronnie Lott	2000	Safety	1991–1992
75	Howie Long	2000	Defensive End	1981–1993
29	Eric Dickerson	1999	Running Back	1992
22	Mike Haynes	1997	Cornerback	1983–1989
	Al Davis	1992	Team, League Administrator	1963–2011
83	Ted Hendricks	1990	Linebacker	1975–1983
78	Art Shell	1989	Offensive Tackle	1968–1982
14, 25	Fred Biletnikoff	1988	Wide Receiver	1965–1978
63	Gene Upshaw	1987	Guard	1967–1981
24	Willie Brown	1984	Cornerback	1967–1978
16	George Blanda	1981	Quarterback, Placekicker, Punter	1967–1975
00	Jim Otto	1980	Center	1960–1974
77	Ron Mix	1979	Offensive Tackle	1971

NFL MVP Award Winners

Raiders MVP winners
Year	Player
1974	Ken Stabler
1985	Marcus Allen
2002	Rich Gannon

Super Bowl MVP Award Winners

Raiders Super Bowl MVP winners
SB	Player	Position
XI	Fred Biletnikoff #25	Wide Receiver
XV	Jim Plunkett #16	Quarterback
XVIII	Marcus Allen #32	Running Back

Retired Numbers

The Raider organization does not retire the jersey numbers of former players on an official or unofficial basis. The number 00, worn by Jim Otto for his entire career, is no longer allowed by the NFL. It was originally permitted for him only by the AFL as a marketing gimmick since his jersey number 00 is a homophone pun of his name (aught-O).

There is speculation that the team may have removed number 2 from circulation, however, as it was last worn by JaMarcus Russell in 2009 before being released, due to the stigma of Russell being one of the biggest draft busts in the history of professional sports. When the team drafted Terrelle Pryor in the 2011 Supplemental Draft, he was issued #6 despite #2 (the number he wore at Ohio State) not being used, and Pryor was not given an explanation why he did not receive the number.

Raiders Single-season Register

• Passing Yards: 4,689 Rich Gannon (2002)*
• Passing Touchdowns: 34 Daryle Lamonica (1969)
• Rushing Yards: 1,759 Marcus Allen (1985)*
• Receptions: 104 Tim Brown (1997)
• Receiving Yards: 1,408 Tim Brown (1997)
• Field Goals Made: 35 Jeff Jaeger (1993)
• Points: 142 Sebastian Janikowski (2010)
• Total Touchdowns: 18 Marcus Allen (1984)
• Punt Return Average (minimum 5 returns): 18.5 Tim Brown (2001)
• Kickoff Return Average (minimum 5 returns): 31.0 Jacoby Ford (2011)
• Punting Average: 51.1 Shane Lechler (2009)

* NFL MVP

Raiders Career Register

• Passing Yards: 19,078 Ken Stabler (1970–1979)
• Passing Touchdowns: 150 Ken Stabler (1970–1979)
• Rushing Yards: 8,545 Marcus Allen (1982-1992)
• Receptions: 1,070 Tim Brown (1988–2003)
• Receiving Yards: 14,734 Tim Brown (1988–2003)
• Pass Interceptions: 39 Willie Brown (1967-1978), Lester Hayes (1977-1986)
• Field Goals Made: 322 Sebastian Janikowski (2000–2012)
• Points: 1,380 Sebastian Janikowski (2000–2012)
• Total Touchdowns: 104 Tim Brown (1988–2003)
• Punt Return Average (minimum 25 returns): 12.6 Claude Gibson (1963–1965)
• Kickoff Return Average (minimum 25 returns): 28.4 Jack Larscheid (1960–1961)
• Punting Average: 47.6 Shane Lechler (2000–2012)
• Sacks: 107.5 Greg Townsend (1983–1997)
• Winningest Coach: 103 John Madden (1969–1978)

Current Roster

Las Vegas Raiders roster

Quarterbacks 14 Carter Bradley 13 Anthony Brown 15 Gardner Minshew 12 Aidan O'Connell Running backs  8 Ameer Abdullah 38 Brittain Brown 23 Dylan Laube 22 Alexander Mattison 32 Tyreik McAllister 47 Sincere McCormick  3 Zamir White Wide receivers 17 Davante Adams 33 Alex Bachman 10 Keelan Doss 80 Jeff Foreman 81 Lideatrick Griffin  4 Jalen Guyton (Active/PUPTooltip Physically unable to perform) 82 Ramel Keyton 16 Jakobi Meyers 11 Tre Tucker 19 D. J. Turner 83 Kristian Wilkerson Tight ends 89 Brock Bowers 84 Harrison Bryant 85 Cole Fotheringham 88 Zach Gentry 87 Michael Mayer 86 John Samuel Shenker

Offensive linemen 64 Clark Barrington G 79 Ben Brown G 73 Andrew Coker T 71 Delmar Glaze T 68 Andre James C 63 Corey Luciano C 54 Jalen McKenzie T 61 Jordan Meredith G 74 Kolton Miller T (Active/PUPTooltip Physically unable to perform) 77 Thayer Munford T 66 Dylan Parham G 75 Andrus Peat G 70 Jackson Powers-Johnson G (Active/PUPTooltip Physically unable to perform) 67 Will Putnam C 78 Dalton Wagner T 65 Cody Whitehair G Defensive linemen 55 David Ebuka Agoha DE (Int.) 69 Adam Butler DT 91 Matthew Butler DT 98 Maxx Crosby DE 60 Tomari Fox DT 57 T. J. Franklin DE 95 John Jenkins DT 51 Malcolm Koonce DE 52 Marquan McCall DT 97 Janarius Robinson DE 62 Noah Shannon DT 99 Nesta Jade Silvera DT 92 Elerson Smith DE 49 Charles Snowden DE 76 Ron Stone DE 94 Christian Wilkins DT  9 Tyree Wilson DE 93 Byron Young DT

Linebackers 56 Amari Burney OLB 58 Darien Butler OLB (Active/PUPTooltip Physically unable to perform)  5 Divine Deablo OLB 45 Tommy Eichenberg OLB 53 Amari Gainer MLB 59 Luke Masterson OLB 43 Kana'i Mauga OLB 41 Robert Spillane MLB Defensive backs 30 Cornell Armstrong CB  0 Jakorian Bennett CB 26 M. J. Devonshire CB  1 Marcus Epps SS 31 Brandon Facyson CB 44 Demarcus Governor CB 40 Jaydon Grant SS 39 Nate Hobbs CB 18 Jack Jones CB  7 Trevon Moehrig FS 20 Isaiah Pola-Mao FS 21 Decamerion Richardson CB 42 Phalen Sanford S 46 Ja'Quan Sheppard CB 29 Chris Smith II SS 37 Trey Taylor S 27 Sam Webb CB 36 Rayshad Williams CB Special teams 50 Jacob Bobenmoyer LS  2 Daniel Carlson K  6 A. J. Cole III P

Rookies in italics Roster updated July 24, 2024 Depth chart Transactions 90 active (+1 exempt), 0 inactive → AFC rosters → NFC rosters

Head Coaches and Staff

Head Coaches

Main article: List of Oakland Raiders head coaches

Current Staff

Las Vegas Raiders staff

	Front office Owner – Mark and Carol Davis President – Sandra Douglass Morgan General manager – Tom Telesco Assistant general manager – Champ Kelly Senior vice president/director of football administration – Tom Delaney VP, football research and development – David Christoff Senior director of player personnel – JoJo Wooden Director of football systems – Brad Goldsberry Director of college scouting – Brandon Yeargan Assistant director of pro scouting – Ben Chester Senior personnel advisor – Shaun Herock Senior national scouts – Lenny McGill, Dujuan Daniels, Andy Dengler Head coaches Head coach – Antonio Pierce Assistant head coach – Marvin Lewis Offensive coaches Offensive coordinator – Luke Getsy Senior offensive assistant – Joe Philbin Pass game coordinator – Scott Turner Quarterbacks – Rich Scangarello Assistant quarterbacks – Fred Walker Running backs – Cadillac Williams Wide receivers – Edgar Bennett Tight ends – Luke Steckel Assistant tight ends – Mitch Singler Offensive line – James Cregg Offensive assistant – De'Andre Pierce Assistant offense – Tim Zetts Game management – Matt Sheldon			Defensive coaches Defensive coordinator – Patrick Graham Senior defensive assistant – Rob Ryan Defensive line – Rob Leonard Linebackers/run game coordinator – Mike Caldwell Assistant linebackers – Marcus Lewis Cornerbacks – Ricky Manning Safeties – Gerald Alexander Assistant defensive backs – Matt Feeney Pass rush specialist – Andre Carter Assistant defense – Josh Phillips Special teams coaches Special teams coordinator – Tom McMahon Assistant special teams – Kade Rannings Assistant special teams – Derius Swinton II Strength and conditioning Head strength and conditioning – A. J. Neibel Strength and conditioning assistant – D'Anthony Batiste Strength and conditioning assistant – Deuce Gruden Strength and conditioning assistant – Rick Slate → Coaching staff → Front office → More NFL staffs

External links

• Oakland Raiders The Official Site of the Oakland Raiders
• Las Vegas Raiders on X
• Las Vegas Raiders on Facebook
• Oakland Raiders at the National Football League Official Homepage
• Oakland Raiders Information at Sports E-Cyclopedia.com