Dennis Bergkamp

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Dennis Bergkamp
Dennis Bergkamp cropped.JPG
Personal information
Full name Dennis Nicolaas Bergkamp[1]
Date of birth 10 May 1969 (1969-05-10) (age 42)
Place of birth Amsterdam, Netherlands
Height 1.89 m (6 ft 2 in)
Playing position Second striker
Youth career
1981–1986 Ajax
Senior career*
Years Team Apps† (Gls)†
1986–1993 Ajax 185 (103)
1993–1995 Internazionale 52 (11)
1995–2006 Arsenal 315 (87)
Total 648 (234)
National team
1990–2000 Netherlands 79 (37)
Teams managed
2011– Ajax (assistant)
* Senior club appearances and goals counted for the domestic league only.
† Appearances (Goals).

Dennis Nicolaas Bergkamp (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɛnɪs ˈbɛrχkɑmp] ( listen); born 10 May 1969), is a former Dutch professional footballer who is currently the assistant manager to Frank de Boer at Ajax. At club level he played for Ajax, Internazionale, and Arsenal, and also represented the Netherlands at international level. Bergkamp played most of his best games as a support striker at Arsenal, where his tactical awareness and deft passes made him a great exponent of the game from the 'hole'. He was selected by Pele as one of the FIFA 100 greatest living players and is widely regarded as one of the Premier League's greatest players. In 2007 he was inducted into the FIFA Hall of Fame, the first and thus far only Dutch player ever to receive such honour. He has also finished third in the FIFA World Player of the Year award twice.

Contents

[edit] Club career

[edit] AFC Ajax

Born in Amsterdam, Bergkamp was brought up through Ajax's famous youth system, joining the club at age 12. He was given his professional debut by coach Johan Cruyff on 14 December 1986 against Roda JC, and went on to make 14 appearances that season. He played as a substitute in the 1987 European Cup Winners Cup final against Lokomotive Leipzig, which Ajax won.

The following season, Bergkamp became a regular for Ajax, winning the Dutch league in 1990, the UEFA Cup in 1992 and the KNVB Cup in 1993. From 1991 to 1993 Bergkamp was top scorer in the Eredivisie, and he was voted Dutch Footballer of the Year in 1992 and 1993. In all, Bergkamp scored 122 goals in 239 games for his hometown club.

[edit] Internazionale

Bergkamp attracted the attention of several European clubs as a result of his performances for Ajax. Cruyff advised him not to join Real Madrid — one of the teams said to have been interested in the footballer but Bergkamp was insistent on playing in Italy.[2][3] He considered Serie A "the biggest league at the time" and held a preference on a move to either Juventus or Internazionale.[3] On 16 February 1993, Bergkamp agreed a £7.1 million move to the latter club in a deal which included his Ajax team-mate, Wim Jonk.[4] Upon signing, Bergkamp said, "Inter met all my demands. The most important thing for me was the stadium, the people at the club and their style of play."[4]

Bergkamp made his debut against Reggiana on 29 August 1993 at the San Siro in a 2–1 victory.[5] He scored his first goal for the club against Cremonese in September 1993 but found it difficult against the highly organised and resolute Italian defences, scoring a further seven goals in the league. This was partly due to manager Osvaldo Bagnoli's inability to find a stable forward partnership, preferring Bergkamp in a three with Uruguayan Rubén Sosa and Italian Salvatore Schillaci.[6] Internazionale's poor league form cultimated in the sacking of Bagnoli in February 1994 who was replaced by Giampiero Marini, a member of Italy's World Cup winning squad of 1982.[7] The club finished 13th in Serie A – one point away from relegation but enjoyed success in the UEFA Cup, beating FC Salzburg in the final over two-legs.[8] Bergkamp was the competition's joint top goalscorer with eight goals, notably scoring a hat-trick against Rapid Bucureşti in the first round.[9]

In Bergkamp's second season at Internazionale, the club changed its managerial position for a further time, appointing Ottavio Bianchi. Bergkamp endured a disappointing campaign, troubled with stress injuries and fatigue from the 1994 World Cup. He managed to score five goals in 26 appearances. Off the field, Bergkamp's relationship with the Italian press and fans became uncomfortable. His shy persona, often preferring to go home after matches was mistakenly interpreted for apathy.[10] Because of his poor displays on the pitch, one Italian publication renamed their award given to the worst performance of the week, L'asino della settimana ('Donkey of the Week') to Bergkamp della settimana.[3][11] Internazionale ended the league season in sixth position and failed to retain the UEFA Cup, being eliminated in the second round. In February 1995, the club was purchased by Italian businessman and fan Massimo Moratti, who promised to invest heavily in the squad.[12] Bergkamp's future in the first team remained uncertain following the signing of Maurizio Ganz a month after the takeover.[13]

[edit] Arsenal

Bergkamp in action for Arsenal

Unsettled in Italy and with Moratti prepared to make wholesale changes at the club, Bergkamp left Internazionale and signed for Arsenal in June 1995 for a transfer fee estimated at £7.5 million.[14] He became manager Bruce Rioch's first signing at Arsenal and broke the club's transfer fee record set at £2.5 million.[14] Bergkamp's arrival at the club was significant, not only as he was an established international footballer who looked to have his best years ahead of him but because he was a major contributor to Arsenal's return to success after much decline in the mid-1990s. On the opening day of the 1995-96 league season, Bergkamp made his full debut against Middlesbrough. He evidently struggled to adapt to the English game and having failed to score in the club's next five league matches, Bergkamp was subject to ridicule by the national press. On 23 September, Bergkamp scored his first and subsequently second goals for Arsenal against Southampton at Highbury.[15] Bergkamp ended his first season with 33 appearances and an goal tally of 11, helping Arsenal finish fifth and earn a place in the UEFA Cup by scoring the winner against Bolton on the final day of the season.[16]

The appointment of Arsène Wenger as Arsenal manager in September 1996 marked a turning point in Bergkamp's career.[17] Wenger, who had moderate success coaching in France and Japan recognised Bergkamp's talent and wanted to use him as a fulcrum to the team's forward play. Both were advocates of a continental style of attacking football and Wenger's decision to impose a strict fitness and health regime pleased the footballer. Despite making fewer appearances in the 1996–97 season, Bergkamp was more influential in the first team—creating 13 assists. Against Tottenham Hotspur in November 1996, he set up the 88th minute winner for captain Tony Adams to head-in and scored into injury time—controlling the high ball with his left foot and evading his marker Stephen Carr in a tight area to set himself up to shoot.[18] Bergkamp received his first red card against Sunderland in January 1997 for a high tackle on midfielder Paul Bracewell in the 26th minute.[19] Arsenal went on to lose the match 1–0 but a run of eight wins in their final 16 matches ensured the club finished third, missing out on a spot in the UEFA Champions League via goal difference.[20]

Bergkamp the following season was instrumental in helping Arsenal complete a domestic league and cup double. He became the club's top goal-scorer with 22 goals and impressively recorded a strike rate of 0.57 in the league. Arsenal's achievement was all the more astonishing given that the team—written off by many in December 1997 had made ground on reigning division champions Manchester United.[21][22] Early in the season away to Leicester City at Filbert Street on 23 August 1997, Bergkamp scored his first hat-trick for the club.[23] The third goal, regarded as his favourite for Arsenal[24] required just one touch to control the ball in the penalty box, another to flick it past his marker Matt Elliott before juggling the ball with his feet and shooting past goalkeeper Kasey Keller. After the match, Leicester manager Martin O'Neill was gracious enough to admit that Bergkamp's was "the best hat-trick I've ever seen".[25] In an FA Cup quarter-final replay against West Ham United on 17 March 1998, Bergkamp was sent off for elbowing midfielder Steve Lomas and missed three matches due to suspension.[26] He played no further part in Arsenal's season after overstretching his hamstring against Derby County on 29 April 1998, missing the FA Cup final.[27] Bergkamp was consoled with the PFA Players' Player of the Year award; becoming only the second foreign player to be recognised by his fellow professionals as the outstanding performer in English football.[28]

After an effective 1998 World Cup campaign with the national team, Bergkamp had another productive season in 1998–99. Although Arsenal failed to retain the Premier League - being beaten on the final day of the season by Manchester United, Bergkamp was the club's second top-goalscorer with 16 goals in all competitions. The team were also defeated in a FA Cup semi-final replay – their best chance of silverware against Manchester United in April 1999.[29] With the score 1–1 heading into injury time, Arsenal were awarded a penalty after midfielder Ray Parlour was brought down by Phil Neville inside the 18-yard box. Bergkamp, who stepped up to take the penalty saw his effort saved by goalkeeper Peter Schmeichel. In the second-half of extra time Ryan Giggs scored the winner; a goal regarded by many as the greatest in the competition's history.[29][30][31]

1999–2000 proved to be a frustrating season for both Arsenal and Bergkamp. The club finished second in the league, 18 points behind Manchester United and lost in the UEFA Cup final to Turkish opponents Galatasaray on penalties.[32] The departure of compatriot Marc Overmars and French midfielder Emmanuel Petit in the close season led to speculation over Bergkamp's future.[33] He ultimately agreed terms over a contract extension in December 2000.[34] Despite an array of new signings made in the 2000–01 season, Arsenal were runners-up in the league for a third year in succession.[35] The emergence of Thierry Henry and Sylvain Wiltord as the main strikers saw Bergkamp's first-team opportunities limited as a result. He was used as a late substitute in Liverpool's win over Arsenal in the 2001 FA Cup final.[36]

"You can't blame anyone for that. You just have to accept that Bergkamp did a beautiful thing."
Sir Bobby Robson on Dennis Bergkamp's goal against Newcastle United in March 2002.[37]

Success would finally come in the 2001–02 season. Arsenal regained the league, beating Manchester United at Old Trafford in the penultimate game of the season to complete the club's second double under Wenger; Arsenal defeated Chelsea 2–0 to win the FA Cup four days prior.[38] Bergkamp featured in 33 league matches, setting up 15 goals—one of which against Juventus in the second group stage of the Champions League. Holding off two markers, he twisted and turned before feeding the ball to Freddie Ljungberg in the penalty box to score.[39] Bergkamp headed in the winner against Liverpool in a FA Cup fourth-round tie on 27 January 2002 but was shown a red card for a two-footed lunge on defender Jamie Carragher, who himself was sent off for throwing a coin in the crowd.[40] He was subsequently banned for three matches (two league, one FA Cup round)[41] and made his league return against Newcastle United on 3 March 2002. Early in the match, Arsenal midfielder Robert Pirès played a low pass from the left flank to Bergkamp in the edge of the opponent area with his back to goal. Under pressure from his marker Nikos Dabizas, Bergkamp controlled the ball with one flick and went around the other side before placing the ball precisely into the bottom right-hand corner and score. Wenger described the goal as "unbelievable",[42] adding "It was not only a magnificent goal but a very important one – I enjoyed it a lot".[42] Bergkamp would feature in nine out of the last ten league games, forming a special partnership with Ljungberg.[43]

Bergkamp reached a personal landmark during the 2002–03 season, scoring his 100th goal for Arsenal against Oxford United in a FA Cup third-round tie on 4 January 2003.[44][45] In the league, Arsenal failed to retain the championship having led by eight points in March 2003.[46] They did however win the FA Cup for a second successive year, beating Southampton in the final.[47]

On 20 July 2003, Bergkamp signed a one-year extension at the club.[48] 2003–04 ended on a high point for Bergkamp as Arsenal reclaimed the league title, becoming the first English team in more than a century to go through the entire domestic league season unbeaten. Against Leicester City in the final league match of the campaign with the score tied at 1–1, Bergkamp set up the winner; providing a slide-rule pass to captain Patrick Vieira who rounded the goalkeeper and scored.[49] The team, dubbed The Invincibles[49] did not achieve similar dominance in Europe; Arsenal were beaten by Chelsea in the quarter-finals of the Champions League over two legs.[50] Bergkamp committed himself to Arsenal at the end of the season, signing a further extension to his contract.[51]

The Emirates Stadium filling up during Bergkamp's testimonial match between Arsenal and Ajax in July 2006.

Bergkamp started in 29 league matches in the 2004–05 season but Arsenal's title defence ended unsuccessfully as the team finished second, 12 points behind Chelsea. At home to Middlesbrough on 22 August 2004, Bergkamp deputised as captain for the injured Vieira in a match Arsenal came back from 1–3 down to win 5–3 and equal Nottingham Forest's record of 42 league matches undefeated.[52] Against Sheffield United in the FA Cup on 19 February 2005, Bergkamp was shown a straight red card by referee Neale Barry for shoving defender Danny Cullip.[53] His appeal to reverse the decision was rejected by the Football Association meaning that he missed the club's next three domestic games.[54] In Arsenal's final home match of the season against Everton, Bergkamp produced a man of the match display; scoring once and assisting three of the goals in a 7–0 win.[55] Bergkamp was moved by the Arsenal supporters chanting "one more year" – implying the club keep him for another season describing it as "quite special", adding "They obviously feel there is another year left in me, so that's great as it shows they're really behind me."[56] Following Arsenal's penalty shootout victory over Manchester United in the FA Cup final, it was revealed he would sign a one-year contract extension.[57]

In Bergkamp's final season at Arsenal, the team secured fourth position on the final match of the season.[58] Bergkamp scored an injury-time winner against FC Thun on Matchday 1 of the Champions League having come on as a substitute in the 72nd minute.[59] After much campaigning from Arsenal supporters, the club designated one of its Highbury matchday themes (to commemorate the stadium's final season as home of Arsenal) to Dennis Bergkamp.[60] 'Bergkamp Day', which took place against West Bromwich Albion on 15 April 2006 celebrated the player's contribution to Arsenal with fans given commemorative orange 'DB10' t-shirts – the colour of his national term, initials and squad number.[60] Bergkamp himself came on as a second-half substitute and set up the winning Pirès goal, moments before Nigel Quashie had levelled the scoreline. Fittingly Bergkamp scored in the 89th minute which proved to be his last goal for Arsenal in competitive football.[61][62] Bergkamp was an unused substitute in his final match for Arsenal against Barcelona in the Champions League final; Barcelona scored twice in the last 13 minutes to win the competition and overturn Arsenal's early lead.[63]

[edit] International career

Bergkamp warming up before a UEFA Euro 1996 match against Scotland at Villa Park, Birmingham.

Bergkamp made his international debut for the Netherlands against Italy on 26 September 1990. His first major tournament was Euro 92, where the Dutch were defending champions. Bergkamp impressed, but the Dutch lost on penalties in the semi-finals to the team that would go on to win the tournament, Denmark, despite Bergkamp scoring both in regular time and in the penalty shoot-out.

Bergkamp also impressed in the 1994 FIFA World Cup, playing in all of his side's matches, scoring a goal against Brazil, a match the Dutch ultimately lost 3–2. The Netherlands disappointed in Euro 96, with the squad riven by in-fighting, although Bergkamp still scored once, and set up Patrick Kluivert's consolatory goal against England that got the side into the quarter-finals.

Bergkamp scored three times in the 1998 FIFA World Cup, including a memorable winning goal in the final minute of the quarter-final against Argentina. Bergkamp took a leaping first touch to instantly control a long 60-yard aerial pass from Frank de Boer, brought the ball down through Argentine defender Roberto Ayala's legs, and finally finished by firing a volley with the outside of his right foot past the keeper at a tight angle from the right. With three intelligent right-footed touches in a matter of seconds, he was able to turn the game and send his national squad into the semifinal round.[64]

The Netherlands joint-hosted Euro 2000 and were one of the favourites. After progressing through the "group of death", they lost on penalties to Italy in the semi-finals. Bergkamp didn't score at all during the tournament but still played an important role. After the defeat, Bergkamp announced his retirement from international football, because the next major tournament, the 2002 FIFA World Cup, would be played in Japan and South Korea and Bergkamp's aviophobia (see below) would prevent him from travelling there. He did not play the qualification matches, since he thought that it would be unfair to do so. However, the Netherlands failed to qualify for the tournament in any case.

He ended his international career first on the all-time list of goal scorers for the Dutch national team, with 37 goals in 79 games, although this record was later surpassed by Patrick Kluivert.

[edit] Post-football career

Bergkamp had the honour of being the focus of the first match at Arsenal's new ground, the Emirates Stadium. On 22 July 2006, a testimonial was played in his honour at the new stadium, with Arsenal playing his old club Ajax. Bergkamp kicked off the match with his father, Wim, and son, Mitchel. All four children acted as the match's mascots. The first half was played by members of Arsenal and Ajax's current squads, while the second was played by famous ex-players from both sides; such as Ian Wright, Patrick Vieira, Marc Overmars, Emmanuel Petit and David Seaman for Arsenal, and Marco van Basten, Danny Blind, Johan Cruijff, Frank and Ronald de Boer for Ajax. Arsenal won the match 2–1 with goals from Thierry Henry and Nwankwo Kanu; Klaas-Jan Huntelaar had earlier opened the scoring for Ajax, making him the first goalscorer at the Emirates Stadium.[65]

Upon retiring from playing Bergkamp insisted he would not move into coaching. He turned down an offer to scout for Arsenal and instead concentrated on travelling and spending time with his family. However, in May 2008 he began a fast-track coaching diploma for former Dutch international footballers. Because of his aviophobia, he studied under Arsène Wenger in London.[66]

It has been confirmed by Marco van Basten that Bergkamp has undertaken a trainee role at Ajax which will help him establish himself in a future coaching capacity.[67]

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[edit] Personal life

Bergkamp has been married to Henrita Ruizendaal since 16 June 1993.[68][69] The couple have four children: Estelle Deborah, Mitchel Dennis, Yasmin Naomi and Saffron Rita.[69][70][71]

He is also the uncle of Roland Bergkamp, who currently plays for Brighton & Hove Albion F.C..[72] During his time with Arsenal he studied mechanical engineering at The University of Bath, graduating with a BSc.[citation needed]

[edit] Aerophobia

Bergkamp has the nickname Non-Flying Dutchman[73] due to his fear of flying. This stemmed from an incident with the Dutch national side at the 1994 World Cup where the engine of the plane cut out during a flight,[74] which prompted a journalist to joke about having a bomb in his bag.[75] Following this incident Bergkamp decided he would never fly again. This severely limited his ability to play in away matches in European competitions and to travel with the Dutch national side. In some cases he would travel overland by car or train,[74][76] but the logistics of some matches were such that he would not travel at all. In one situation, Arsene Wenger told him not to travel, even though it was logistically possible, because of the exertions involved.[76]

[edit] Coaching career

In 2008 Bergkamp completed the Coach Betaald Voetbal course by the KNVB, a mandatory licensing requirement for professional coaching positions in The Netherlands. He completed his traineeship under the wing of Marco van Basten at AFC Ajax. On 26 October 2008, Bergkamp was appointed assistant to Johan Neeskens for the newly formed Netherlands B team.

For the 2008-09 season, Bergkamp returned to Ajax in a formal coaching position with responsibility for the D2 (U12) youth team. Following Frank De Boer's promotion to AFC Ajax head coach in December 2010, Bergkamp was appointed assistant coach to Fred Grim, with responsibility for Ajax' flagship A1 (U19) youth team. In the 2011-12 pre-season, Bergkamp was appointed assistant coach and striker trainer to Frank de Boer's first team.

[edit] Honours

[edit] Individual

Bergkamp has received several accolades during his playing career. Despite twice finishing in third place for the 1993 and 1996 FIFA World Player of the Year award, he was named in FIFA 100 – a list compiled by footballer Pelé to determine the 125 greatest living footballers.[77] In his club career, Bergkamp won two successive Dutch Footballer of the Year awards in 1991 and 1992 as well as being the Eredivisie Top Scorer winner for three consecutive seasons (1990–91 to 1992–93). He was named the FWA Footballer of the Year and PFA Players' Player of the Year in April and May 1998 respectively as well as making the PFA Team of the Year for the 1997–98 season. Bergkamp also achieved a unique feat in being voted first, second and third on Match of the Day's Goal of the Month competition for August 1997.[78] For his national team, Bergkamp was the top goalscorer in Euro 1992 and was selected in the FIFA World Cup All-Star Team for the 1998 FIFA World Cup.

In April 2007, Bergkamp was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame by viewers of BBC's Football Focus.[79] A year later, he was voted second behind Thierry Henry in a list to determine the 50 Gunners Greatest Players as voted for by Arsenal fans.[80] A summary of Bergkamp's individual achievements are as follows in chronological order:

[edit] Club

Ajax
Internazionale
Arsenal

[edit] Career statistics

[edit] Club

[81][82][83]

Club Season League Cup1 Europe Total
Apps Goals Assists Apps Goals Assists Apps Goals Assists Apps Goals Assists
Ajax 1986–87 14 2 – 5 0 – 4 0 – 23 2 –
1987–88 25 5 – 1 0 – 6 1 – 32 6 –
1988–89 30 13 – 3 3 – 1 0 – 34 16 –
1989–90 25 8 – 2 1 – 1 0 – 28 9 –
1990–91 33 25 – 3 1 – – – – 36 29 –
1991–92 30 24 – 3 0 – 11 6 – 44 30 –
1992–93 28 26 – 4 4 – 8 3 – 40 33 –
Total 185 103 – 21 9 – 31 10 – 237 122 –
Internazionale 1993–94 31 8 – 13 9 – 11 8 – 55 25 –
1994–95 21 3 – 3 1 – 2 1 – 26 5 –
Total 52 11 – 16 10 – 13 9 – 81 30 –
Arsenal 1995–96 33 11 – 8 5 – – – – 41 16 12
1996–97 29 12 – 4 2 – 1 0 – 34 14 13
1997–98 28 16 – 11 5 – 1 1 – 40 22 15
1998–99 29 12 – 8 3 – 8 6 – 40 16 13
1999–2000 28 6 – 0 0 – 11 4 – 39 10 10
2000–01 25 3 – 5 1 – 5 1 – 35 5 4
2001–02 33 9 – 6 3 – 6 2 – 44 14 15
2002–03 29 4 – 3 2 – 7 1 – 38 7 12
2003–04 24 4 – 4 1 – 6 0 – 37 5 12
2004–05 30 8 – 5 0 – 8 6 – 38 8 12
2005–06 24 2 – 3 0 – 4 1 – 30 3 5
Total 315 87 – 60 22 – 48 11 – 416 120 111
Career total 552 201 – 97 41 – 92 23 – 734 272 111

1Includes cup competitions: the KNVB Cup, Coppa Italia, Football League Cup and FA Cup. Super Cups such as the FA Community Shield are not included.

[edit] International

[84]

Netherlands national team
Year Apps Goals
1990 4 3
1991 5 2
1992 11 7
1993 6 4
1994 11 6
1995 5 1
1996 10 6
1997 5 4
1998 9 3
1999 5 1
2000 8 0
Total 79 37

[edit] International goals

Scores and results list Netherlands' goal tally first.[85]

[edit] References

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  2. ^ Carbonell, Rafael (2 January 1993). "Cruyff: "¿Qué va a hacer Bergkamp en el Real Madrid?"" (in Spanish). Barcelona: El País. http://www.elpais.com/articulo/deportes/CRUYFF/_JOHAN_/FUTBOL/HOLANDA/BERGKAMP/_DENNIS_/FUTBOLISTA/HOLANDA/FUTBOL_CLUB_BARCELONA_/CLUB_DE_FUTBOL/elpepidep/19930102elpepidep_2/Tes. Retrieved 12 December 2011. 
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  25. ^ Palmer (2008), p. 73.
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