List of Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients: Difference between revisions
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Typically the medal is bestowed upon the recipient by the sitting president who has chosen them. However, the first recipients selected by President [[John F. Kennedy]] before [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|his assassination]] were formally awarded by his successor in office, [[Lyndon B. Johnson]].<ref name="id26165">{{cite web |url=https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/239293 |title=Remarks With Under Secretary of State George W. Ball at the Presentation of the Medal of Freedom Awards, December 6, 1963, |access-date=December 2, 2020 |last1=Woolley |first1=John T |last2=Peters |first2=Gerhard |work=The American Presidency Project |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara |language=en}}</ref> |
Typically the medal is bestowed upon the recipient by the sitting president who has chosen them. However, the first recipients selected by President [[John F. Kennedy]] before [[Assassination of John F. Kennedy|his assassination]] were formally awarded by his successor in office, [[Lyndon B. Johnson]].<ref name="id26165">{{cite web |url=https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/239293 |title=Remarks With Under Secretary of State George W. Ball at the Presentation of the Medal of Freedom Awards, December 6, 1963, |access-date=December 2, 2020 |last1=Woolley |first1=John T |last2=Peters |first2=Gerhard |work=The American Presidency Project |publisher=University of California, Santa Barbara |language=en}}</ref> |
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President [[Barack Obama]] awarded 123 medals, the most ever, followed by President [[Ronald Reagan]] with 100 medal recipients.<ref name="August2009">[https:// |
President [[Barack Obama]] awarded 123 medals, the most ever, followed by President [[Ronald Reagan]] with 100 medal recipients.<ref name="August2009">[https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the_press_office/Background-on-Medal-of-Freedom-ceremony/ "Medal of Freedom Ceremony" (August 12, 2009)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090812220533/http://www.whitehouse.gov/the_press_office/Background-on-Medal-of-Freedom-ceremony/ |date=August 12, 2009 }}, a [[news release]], August 12, 2009, from the [[White House Press Secretary]] at [https://www.whitehouse.gov/ whitehouse.gov], the [[White House]]'s official website. Retrieved August 22, 2009.</ref><ref name="MoF2011" /><ref name="senate3"/> Two people, [[Ellsworth Bunker]] and [[Colin Powell]], are two-time recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Colin Powell received his second award with Distinction,<ref name="2ndPMoF">{{cite web |url=http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=47138 |title=Remarks on the Retirement of General Colin Powell in Arlington, Virginia |date=September 30, 1993 |access-date=September 18, 2016 |last=Clinton |first=W. J. |author-link=Bill Clinton |publisher=The American Presidency Project |location=[[University of California, Santa Barbara]]}}</ref> while Ellsworth Bunker was given both of his awards with distinction. |
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Seven Presidents have themselves received the medal at some point in their life. John F. Kennedy was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963. [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] was also posthumously awarded, in 1980. Ronald Reagan became the first living former President to get the award in 1993. [[Gerald Ford]] and [[Jimmy Carter]] were both given the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1999. [[George H.W. Bush]] was given the award in 2011, and [[Bill Clinton]] in 2013. [[Joe Biden]] received the medal in 2017 when he was Vice President and is the first President to receive the medal before their presidency. |
Seven Presidents have themselves received the medal at some point in their life. John F. Kennedy was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963. [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] was also posthumously awarded, in 1980. Ronald Reagan became the first living former President to get the award in 1993. [[Gerald Ford]] and [[Jimmy Carter]] were both given the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1999. [[George H.W. Bush]] was given the award in 2011, and [[Bill Clinton]] in 2013. [[Joe Biden]] received the medal in 2017 when he was Vice President and is the first President to receive the medal before their presidency. |
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|2003 |
|2003 |
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|{{Abbr|†|Posthumously}} |
|{{Abbr|†|Posthumously}} |
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|<ref>{{cite web|title=President Honors 2003 Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/07/20030723-9.html}}</ref> |
|<ref>{{cite web|title=President Honors 2003 Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2003/07/20030723-9.html}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|James Q.|Wilson}} |
|{{sortname|James Q.|Wilson}} |
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|2006 |
|2006 |
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|<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=President Bush Honors Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/12/20061215-1.html|access-date=2020-03-20 |
|<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|title=President Bush Honors Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2006/12/20061215-1.html|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=2020-03-20}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Norman|Francis}} |
|{{sortname|Norman|Francis}} |
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|2008 |
|2008 |
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|<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=President Bush Honors Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2008/06/20080619-9.html|access-date=2020-03-14 |
|<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=President Bush Honors Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2008/06/20080619-9.html|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=2020-03-14}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Anthony|Fauci}} |
|{{sortname|Anthony|Fauci}} |
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|2009 |
|2009 |
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|<ref>{{cite web|date=January 15, 2009|title=President Bush Commemorates Foreign Policy Achievements and Presents Medal of Freedom to Ambassador Ryan Crocker|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2009/01/20090115.html|access-date=January 16, 2009 |
|<ref>{{cite web|date=January 15, 2009|title=President Bush Commemorates Foreign Policy Achievements and Presents Medal of Freedom to Ambassador Ryan Crocker|url=https://georgewbush-whitehouse.archives.gov/news/releases/2009/01/20090115.html|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=January 16, 2009}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|John|Howard}} |
|{{sortname|John|Howard}} |
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|2009 |
|2009 |
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|<ref>{{cite web|title=The Presidential Medal of Freedom|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/node/349666|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504215607/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/node/349666|archive-date=May 4, 2017|access-date=2017-08-20| |
|<ref>{{cite web|title=The Presidential Medal of Freedom|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/node/349666|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504215607/https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/node/349666|archive-date=May 4, 2017|access-date=2017-08-20|language=en|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|df=mdy-all}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Joe Medicine|Crow}} |
|{{sortname|Joe Medicine|Crow}} |
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|2009 |
|2009 |
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|<ref name="Obama82009">{{cite web|date=July 30, 2009|title=President Obama Names Medal of Freedom Recipients; 16 Agents of Change to Receive Top Civilian Honor|url=https:// |
|<ref name="Obama82009">{{cite web|date=July 30, 2009|title=President Obama Names Medal of Freedom Recipients; 16 Agents of Change to Receive Top Civilian Honor|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the_press_office/President-Obama-Names-Medal-of-Freedom-Recipients/|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=August 12, 2009}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Pedro José|Greer}} |
|{{sortname|Pedro José|Greer}} |
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|2011 |
|2011 |
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|<ref name="MoF2011">{{cite web|date=November 17, 2010|title=President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https:// |
|<ref name="MoF2011">{{cite web|date=November 17, 2010|title=President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2010/11/17/president-obama-names-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=November 18, 2010}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Maya|Angelou}} |
|{{sortname|Maya|Angelou}} |
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|2013 |
|2013 |
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|<ref name="Obama20130808">{{cite web|date=August 8, 2013|title=President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https:// |
|<ref name="Obama20130808">{{cite web|date=August 8, 2013|title=President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2013/08/08/president-obama-names-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients|access-date=August 8, 2013|publisher=Office of the Press Secretary, The White House}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Bill|Clinton}} |
|{{sortname|Bill|Clinton}} |
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|2013 |
|2013 |
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|{{Abbr|†|Posthumously}} |
|{{Abbr|†|Posthumously}} |
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|<ref>{{cite web|date=May 20, 2013|title=President Obama Announces Sally Ride as a Recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom – April 18, 1970|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/20/president-obama-announces-sally-ride-recipient-presidential-medal-freedom|access-date=July 2, 2013|publisher=Office of the Press Secretary}}{{dead link|date= |
|<ref>{{cite web|date=May 20, 2013|title=President Obama Announces Sally Ride as a Recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom – April 18, 1970|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2013/05/20/president-obama-announces-sally-ride-recipient-presidential-medal-freedom|access-date=July 2, 2013|publisher=Office of the Press Secretary}}{{dead link|date=March 2021|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Bayard|Rustin}} |
|{{sortname|Bayard|Rustin}} |
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|2014 |
|2014 |
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|{{Abbr|†|Posthumously}} |
|{{Abbr|†|Posthumously}} |
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|<ref name="MoF2014">{{cite web|date=November 10, 2014|title=President Obama Announces the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https:// |
|<ref name="MoF2014">{{cite web|date=November 10, 2014|title=President Obama Announces the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/11/10/president-obama-announces-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=November 11, 2014}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Isabel|Allende}} |
|{{sortname|Isabel|Allende}} |
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|2014 |
|2014 |
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|<ref>{{cite news|last=Schulman|first=Kori|date=2014-11-10|title=President Obama Announces the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|language=en |
|<ref>{{cite news|last=Schulman|first=Kori|date=2014-11-10|title=President Obama Announces the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients|language=en|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/blog/2014/11/10/president-obama-announces-presidential-medal-freedom-recipients|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=2017-06-08}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Meryl|Streep}} |
|{{sortname|Meryl|Streep}} |
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|2015 |
|2015 |
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|<ref name="MoF2015">{{cite web|date=November 16, 2015|title=President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom|url=https:// |
|<ref name="MoF2015">{{cite web|date=November 16, 2015|title=President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2015/11/16/president-obama-names-recipients-presidential-medal-freedom|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=November 16, 2015}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Emilio|Estefan}} |
|{{sortname|Emilio|Estefan}} |
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|2016 |
|2016 |
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|<ref name="2016MoF">{{cite web|date=November 16, 2016|title=President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom|url=https:// |
|<ref name="2016MoF">{{cite web|date=November 16, 2016|title=President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2016/11/16/president-obama-names-recipients-presidential-medal-freedom|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=November 16, 2016}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Richard|Garwin}} |
|{{sortname|Richard|Garwin}} |
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|2016 |
|2016 |
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|<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=The Presidential Medal of Freedom|url=https:// |
|<ref name=":0">{{cite web|title=The Presidential Medal of Freedom|url=https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/campaign/medal-of-freedom|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|access-date=November 25, 2016}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Grace|Hopper}} |
|{{sortname|Grace|Hopper}} |
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|2019 |
|2019 |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Remarks by President Trump at Presentation of the Medal of Freedom to Edwin Meese|url=https:// |
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Remarks by President Trump at Presentation of the Medal of Freedom to Edwin Meese|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-medal-freedom-edwin-meese/|access-date=2020-03-21|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|language=en-US}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Roger|Penske}} |
|{{sortname|Roger|Penske}} |
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|2019 |
|2019 |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Remarks by President Trump at Presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Jerry West|url=https:// |
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Remarks by President Trump at Presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Jerry West|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-presidential-medal-freedom-jerry-west/|access-date=2020-03-20|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|language=en-US}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Tiger|Woods}} |
|{{sortname|Tiger|Woods}} |
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|2020 |
|2020 |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|title=President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Dan Gable|url=https:// |
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Dan Gable|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-award-medal-freedom-dan-gable/|access-date=2020-12-04|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|language=en-US}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Lou|Holtz}} |
|{{sortname|Lou|Holtz}} |
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|2020 |
|2020 |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|title=President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Lou Holtz|url=https:// |
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Lou Holtz|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/president-donald-j-trump-award-medal-freedom-lou-holtz/|access-date=2020-12-02|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|language=en-US}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Jack|Keane}} |
|{{sortname|Jack|Keane}} |
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|2020 |
|2020 |
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|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Remarks by President Trump at the Presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom to General Jack Keane|url=https:// |
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=Remarks by President Trump at the Presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom to General Jack Keane|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-presentation-presidential-medal-freedom-general-jack-keane/|access-date=2020-03-14|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|language=en-US}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Rush|Limbaugh}} |
|{{sortname|Rush|Limbaugh}} |
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|2021 |
|2021 |
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|{{Abbr|†|Posthumously}} |
|{{Abbr|†|Posthumously}} |
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|<ref name="trump011121">{{Cite web|title=Statement from the Press Secretary|url=https:// |
|<ref name="trump011121">{{Cite web|title=Statement from the Press Secretary|url=https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/statement-press-secretary-010721/|access-date=2021-01-07|language=en-US|archive-date=January 20, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210120195432/https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/briefings-statements/statement-press-secretary-010721/|via=[[NARA|National Archives]]|work=[[whitehouse.gov]]|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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|{{sortname|Devin|Nunes}} |
|{{sortname|Devin|Nunes}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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{{Commons category|Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom}} |
{{Commons category|Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom}} |
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* [https:// |
* [https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/medal-of-freedom Medal of Freedom], Official site for the Medal of Freedom for the current administration |
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* [http://www.georgewbushlibrary.smu.edu/~/~/-/media/2D9FB85D949445B5B35EFEDCB27F0551.ashx Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients, 1963–2002] (alphabetical pp. 51–61, chronological pp. 62–69), The White House |
* [http://www.georgewbushlibrary.smu.edu/~/~/-/media/2D9FB85D949445B5B35EFEDCB27F0551.ashx Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients, 1963–2002] (alphabetical pp. 51–61, chronological pp. 62–69), The White House |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100222215156/https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_Recipients.htm Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients, 1993–2016], United States Senate |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100222215156/https://www.senate.gov/pagelayout/reference/two_column_table/Presidential_Medal_of_Freedom_Recipients.htm Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients, 1993–2016], United States Senate |
Revision as of 02:08, 3 March 2021
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/PresMedalFreedom.jpg/170px-PresMedalFreedom.jpg)
This is a partial list of recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, listed chronologically within the aspect of life in which each recipient is or was renowned.
The Presidential Medal of Freedom is awarded by the president of the United States "for especially meritorious contribution to (1) the security or national interests of the United States, or (2) world peace, or (3) cultural or other significant public or private endeavors". Honorees are selected by the president or recommended to them by the Distinguished Civilian Service Awards Board.[1]
Background
Typically the medal is bestowed upon the recipient by the sitting president who has chosen them. However, the first recipients selected by President John F. Kennedy before his assassination were formally awarded by his successor in office, Lyndon B. Johnson.[2]
President Barack Obama awarded 123 medals, the most ever, followed by President Ronald Reagan with 100 medal recipients.[3][4][5] Two people, Ellsworth Bunker and Colin Powell, are two-time recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Colin Powell received his second award with Distinction,[6] while Ellsworth Bunker was given both of his awards with distinction.
Seven Presidents have themselves received the medal at some point in their life. John F. Kennedy was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1963. Lyndon B. Johnson was also posthumously awarded, in 1980. Ronald Reagan became the first living former President to get the award in 1993. Gerald Ford and Jimmy Carter were both given the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1999. George H.W. Bush was given the award in 2011, and Bill Clinton in 2013. Joe Biden received the medal in 2017 when he was Vice President and is the first President to receive the medal before their presidency.
In 2015, President Barack Obama stated that there was no precedent to revoke Presidential Medals of Freedom, regarding the award given to Bill Cosby.[7] After being awarded the medal, Cosby was convicted of multiple counts of sexual assault.
The Presidential Medal of Freedom is distinct from the Medal of Freedom, an antecedent award issued prior to 1963 to honor US civilian contributions to World War II.
Declinations of the award
Bill Belichick, coach of the New England Patriots, turned down the medal after the 2021 storming of the Capitol.[8]
Country musician Dolly Parton turned down the medal twice. Parton said she turned it down the first time because her husband was ill, and the second time because of the COVID-19 pandemic.[9]
List
- † – Awarded posthumously
- WD – Awarded "With Distinction"
Awarded by John F. Kennedy
John F. Kennedy selected 31 recipients to be awarded in 1963. After his assassination they were officially awarded by Lyndon B. Johnson.
Recipient | Year | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Marian Anderson | 1963 | [10] | |
Ralph Bunche | 1963 | WD | [2] |
Ellsworth Bunker | 1963 | WD | [2] |
Pablo Casals | 1963 | [11] | |
Genevieve Caulfield | 1963 | ||
James B. Conant | 1963 | WD | |
John Franklin Enders | 1963 | ||
Felix Frankfurter | 1963 | WD | [2] |
Karl Holton | 1963 | [12] | |
Robert J. H. Kiphuth | 1963 | ||
Edwin H. Land | 1963 | ||
Herbert H. Lehman | 1963 | [a] | |
Robert A. Lovett | 1963 | WD | |
J. Clifford MacDonald | 1963 | ||
John J. McCloy | 1963 | WD | |
George Meany | 1963 | [2] | |
Alexander Meiklejohn | 1963 | ||
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe | 1963 | [2] | |
Jean Monnet | 1963 | WD | |
Luis Muñoz Marín | 1963 | WD | |
Clarence B. Randall | 1963 | [14] | |
Rudolf Serkin | 1963 | ||
Edward Steichen | 1963 | ||
George W. Taylor | 1963 | ||
Alan Tower Waterman | 1963 | ||
Mark S. Watson | 1963 | [12] | |
Annie Dodge Wauneka | 1963 | [15] | |
E. B. White | 1963 | ||
Thornton Wilder | 1963 | ||
Edmund Wilson | 1963 | ||
Andrew Wyeth | 1963 |
Awarded by Lyndon B. Johnson
Lyndon B. Johnson awarded 58 medals between 1963 and 1969, excluding 31 which were selected by John F. Kennedy.
Awarded by Richard Nixon
Richard Nixon awarded 28 medals between 1969 and 1974.
Recipient | Year | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Buzz Aldrin | 1969 | WD | |
Neil Armstrong | 1969 | WD | [22] |
Michael Collins | 1969 | WD | [22] |
Duke Ellington | 1969 | ||
Earl Charles Behrens | 1970 | [23] | |
Edward T. Folliard | 1970 | ||
Fred Haise | 1970 | [24] | |
William Henry | 1970 | [23] | |
Arthur Krock | 1970 | [23] | |
David Lawrence | 1970 | [23] | |
G. Gould Lincoln | 1970 | [23] | |
Jim Lovell | 1970 | [24] | |
Mission Operations Team | 1970 | [25] | |
Raymond Moley | 1970 | [23] | |
Eugene Ormandy | 1970 | ||
Adela Rogers St. Johns | 1970 | [23] | |
Jack Swigert | 1970 | [24] | |
Manlio Brosio | 1971 | ||
Samuel Goldwyn | 1971 | ||
William J. Hopkins | 1971 | ||
John Paul Vann | 1972 | † | |
Lila Acheson Wallace | 1972 | ||
DeWitt Wallace | 1972 | ||
John Ford | 1973 | ||
William P. Rogers | 1973 | ||
Paul G. Hoffman | 1974 | ||
Melvin Laird | 1974 | ||
Charles Lowman | 1974 | [26] |
Awarded by Gerald Ford
Gerald Ford awarded 26 medals between 1974 and 1977.
Recipient | Year | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
David K. E. Bruce | 1976 | WD | |
Martha Graham | 1976 | WD | [27] |
Jesse Owens | 1976 | [28] | |
Arthur Rubinstein | 1976 | WD | [29] |
Iorwith Wilbur Abel | 1977 | ||
John Bardeen | 1977 | ||
Irving Berlin | 1977 | [29] | |
Norman Borlaug | 1977 | ||
Omar Bradley | 1977 | [29] | |
Arleigh Burke | 1977 | ||
Alexander Calder | 1977 | † | [30] |
Bruce Catton | 1977 | ||
Joe DiMaggio | 1977 | [29] | |
Ariel Durant | 1977 | ||
Will Durant | 1977 | [30] | |
Arthur Fiedler | 1977 | [29] | |
Henry Friendly | 1977 | ||
Lady Bird Johnson | 1977 | [31] | |
Henry Kissinger | 1977 | ||
Archibald MacLeish | 1977 | [30] | |
James A. Michener | 1977 | [30] | |
Georgia O'Keeffe | 1977 | [32] | |
Nelson Rockefeller | 1977 | [30] | |
Norman Rockwell | 1977 | [30] | |
Donald Rumsfeld | 1977 | WD | |
Catherine Filene Shouse | 1977 | ||
Lowell Thomas | 1977 | [30] | |
James Watson | 1977 |
Awarded by Jimmy Carter
Jimmy Carter awarded 34 medals between 1977 and 1981.
Recipient | Year | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Martin Luther King Jr. | 1977 | † | |
Jonas Salk | 1977 | ||
Arthur Goldberg | 1978 | ||
Margaret Mead | 1979 | † | [33] |
Ansel Adams | 1980 | [34] | |
Horace M. Albright | 1980 | [35] | |
Rachel Carson | 1980 | † | [34] |
Lucia Chase | 1980 | [34] | |
Hubert Humphrey | 1980 | † | [34] |
Iakovos | 1980 | [34] | |
Lyndon B. Johnson | 1980 | † | [34] |
Clarence Mitchell Jr. | 1980 | [34] | |
Roger Tory Peterson | 1980 | [34] | |
Hyman G. Rickover | 1980 | [34] | |
Beverly Sills | 1980 | [34] | |
Robert Penn Warren | 1980 | [34] | |
John Wayne | 1980 | † | [34] |
Eudora Welty | 1980 | [34] | |
Tennessee Williams | 1980 | [34] | |
Roger Nash Baldwin | 1981 | [36] | |
Harold Brown | 1981 | ||
Zbigniew Brzezinski | 1981 | [36] | |
Warren Christopher | 1981 | ||
Walter Cronkite | 1981 | [36] | |
Kirk Douglas | 1981 | [36] | |
Margaret McNamara | 1981 | [36] | |
Karl Menninger | 1981 | ||
Edmund Muskie | 1981 | ||
Esther Peterson | 1981 | [36] | |
Gerard C. Smith | 1981 | [36] | |
Robert S. Strauss | 1981 | [36] | |
Elbert Tuttle | 1981 | [36] | |
Earl Warren | 1981 | † | [36] |
Andrew Young | 1981 | [36] |
Awarded by Ronald Reagan
Ronald Reagan awarded 86 medals between 1981 and 1989.
Awarded by George H. W. Bush
George H. W. Bush awarded 42 medals between 1989 and 1993.
Recipient | Year | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Lucille Ball | 1989 | † | |
C. Douglas Dillon | 1989 | ||
Jimmy Doolittle | 1989 | ||
George F. Kennan | 1989 | ||
Mike Mansfield | 1989 | ||
Claude Pepper | 1989 | ||
George Shultz | 1989 | ||
Margaret Chase Smith | 1989 | ||
Lech Wałęsa | 1989 | ||
Walker Hancock | 1990 | [44] | |
James Baker | 1991 | ||
William F. Buckley Jr. | 1991 | ||
Dick Cheney | 1991 | [45] | |
Luis A. Ferré | 1991 | ||
Betty Ford | 1991 | [46] | |
Hanna Holborn Gray | 1991 | ||
Friedrich Hayek | 1991 | ||
Tip O'Neill | 1991 | ||
Javier Pérez de Cuéllar | 1991 | ||
Colin Powell | 1991 | ||
Norman Schwarzkopf Jr. | 1991 | ||
Brent Scowcroft | 1991 | ||
Leon Sullivan | 1991 | ||
Margaret Thatcher | 1991 | ||
Russell E. Train | 1991 | ||
Vernon A. Walters | 1991 | ||
William Webster | 1991 | ||
Ted Williams | 1991 | ||
David Brinkley | 1992 | ||
Johnny Carson | 1992 | ||
Ella Fitzgerald | 1992 | ||
Audrey Hepburn | 1992 | ||
Richard Petty | 1992 | ||
Harry W. Shlaudeman | 1992 | ||
Isaac Stern | 1992 | ||
John W. Vessey | 1992 | ||
Sam Walton | 1992 | ||
Elie Wiesel | 1992 | ||
I. M. Pei | 1993 | [47] | |
Ronald Reagan | 1993 | WD | [48] |
Strom Thurmond | 1993 |
Awarded by Bill Clinton
Bill Clinton awarded 110 medals between 1993 and 2001.
Awarded by George W. Bush
George W. Bush awarded 85 medals between 2001 and 2009.
Awarded by Barack Obama
Barack Obama awarded 118 medals between 2009 and 2017.
Awarded by Donald Trump
Donald Trump awarded 24 medals between 2017 and 2021.
Recipient | Year | Notes | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Miriam Adelson | 2018 | [73] | |
Orrin Hatch | 2018 | [73] | |
Alan Page | 2018 | [73] | |
Elvis Presley | 2018 | † | [73] |
Babe Ruth | 2018 | † | [73] |
Antonin Scalia | 2018 | † | [73] |
Roger Staubach | 2018 | [73] | |
Bob Cousy | 2019 | [74] | |
Arthur Laffer | 2019 | [75] | |
Edwin Meese | 2019 | [76] | |
Roger Penske | 2019 | [77] | |
Mariano Rivera | 2019 | [78] | |
Jerry West | 2019 | [79] | |
Tiger Woods | 2019 | [80] | |
Dan Gable | 2020 | [81] | |
Lou Holtz | 2020 | [82] | |
Jack Keane | 2020 | [83] | |
Rush Limbaugh | 2020 | [b] | [85] |
Jim Ryun | 2020 | [86] | |
Babe Didrikson Zaharias | 2021 | † | [87] |
Devin Nunes | 2021 | [88] | |
Jim Jordan | 2021 | [89] | |
Gary Player | 2021 | [87] | |
Annika Sörenstam | 2021 | [87] |
Notes
- ^ Lehman died the day before the ceremony.[13]
- ^ Awarded during 2020 State of the Union Address.[84]
Bibliography
- Wetterau, Bruce (1996). The Presidential Medal of Freedom: Winners and Their Achievements. p. 513. ISBN 978-1-56802-128-7. – contains a list of awardees from 1963 to approximately 1995
References
- ^ Executive Order 11085 The Presidential Medal of Freedom, retrieved July 30, 2009 Archived May 30, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b c d e f Woolley, John T; Peters, Gerhard. "Remarks With Under Secretary of State George W. Ball at the Presentation of the Medal of Freedom Awards, December 6, 1963,". The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
- ^ "Medal of Freedom Ceremony" (August 12, 2009) Archived August 12, 2009, at the Wayback Machine, a news release, August 12, 2009, from the White House Press Secretary at whitehouse.gov, the White House's official website. Retrieved August 22, 2009.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients". whitehouse.gov. November 17, 2010. Retrieved November 18, 2010 – via National Archives.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Secretary of the Senate, United States Congress. "Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients". Official Website of the United States Senate. United States Senate (Government of the United States). Retrieved November 14, 2011.
- ^ a b Clinton, W. J. (September 30, 1993). "Remarks on the Retirement of General Colin Powell in Arlington, Virginia". University of California, Santa Barbara: The American Presidency Project. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
- ^ "Obama asked if Bill Cosby's Medal of Freedom will be revoked". PBS NewsHour.
- ^ Ruiz-Grossman, Sarah (January 11, 2021). "New England Patriots Coach Bill Belichick Refuses Medal Of Freedom". HuffPost. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ Pengelly, Martin (February 2, 2021). "Dolly Parton turned down presidential medal of freedom twice from Trump". The Guardian. Retrieved February 2, 2021.
- ^ The National First Ladies Library (November 16, 2010). Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom (PDF). Canton Ohio. p. 3. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
Marian Anderson (1897–1993)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received December 6, 1963
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Distinguished Cellists in the White House". WHHA (en-US). Retrieved March 20, 2020.
- ^ a b c Woolley, John T; Gerhard Peters. "Remarks With Under Secretary of State George W. Ball at the Presentation of the Medal of Freedom Awards, December 6, 1963". The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
- ^ Woolley, John T; Gerhard Peters. "Remarks With Under Secretary of State George W. Ball at the Presentation of the Medal of Freedom Awards, December 6, 1963". The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
- ^ "Clarence B. Randall, 76, Dies". Chicago Tribune. August 6, 1967. Retrieved January 13, 2017.
- ^ The National First Ladies Library (November 16, 2010). Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom (PDF). Canton Ohio. p. 3. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
Annie Wauneka (1910–1997)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received December 6, 1963
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Presidential Medal of Freedom – John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum". Jfklibrary.org. December 6, 1963. Retrieved January 5, 2011.
- ^ "30 Receive Freedom Medal at the White House". www.nytimes.com. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
- ^ a b c Woolley, John T; Gerhard Peters. "Lyndon B. Johnson, XXXVI President of the United States: 1963–1969, Remarks at the Presentation of the 1964 Presidential Medal of Freedom Awards, March 26, 1964". The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved May 22, 2011.
- ^ "Presidential Medal of Freedom, 1968, James Webb". March 14, 2016.
- ^ "Public Service – Bob Hope and American Variety | Exhibitions (Library of Congress)". www.loc.gov. May 10, 2000. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
- ^ a b Judy Muhlberg (June 14, 1976). "Medal of Freedom" (PDF). Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library & Museum. p. 43. Retrieved May 11, 2020.
- ^ a b "Richard Nixon: Remarks at a Dinner in Los Angeles Honoring the Apollo 11 Astronauts". The American Presidency Project. August 13, 1969. Retrieved November 20, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g Nixon, Richard (April 22, 1970). "Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Eight Journalists". Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project. Archived from the original on December 25, 2011. Retrieved December 25, 2011.
- ^ a b c "3 Astronauts get Heroes' Welcome to Hawaii". The Philadelphia Enquirer. Associated Press. April 19, 1970. p. 14 – via Newspapers.com.
- ^ Nixon, Richard (April 18, 1970). Remarks on Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Apollo 13 Mission Operations Team in Houston (Speech). Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Texas: The American Presidency Project.
- ^ M, Nixon, Richard (January 1, 1975). Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Richard M. Nixon, 1974. Best Books on. ISBN 978-1-62376-923-9.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Woolley, John T; Gerhard Peters. "Gerald R. Ford, XXXVIII President of the United States: 1974–1977, Remarks Upon Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Martha Graham, October 14, 1976". The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
- ^ Koren, Marina (September 29, 2016). "White House Finally Honors the African-American Athletes of the 1936 Olympics".
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Nordlinger, Jay (December 17, 2007). "Medals of Freedom". National Review. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
- ^ a b c d e f g Wolley, John T.; Gerhard Peters (January 10, 1977). "Gerald R. Ford, 38th President of the United States: 1974 ‐ 1977, Remarks Upon Presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom". The American Presidency Project. www.presidency.ucsb.edu. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
- ^ "Lady Bird Johnson Biography". Lbjlib.utexas.edu. Archived from the original on December 5, 2010. Retrieved January 5, 2011., for date of award see The National First Ladies Library (November 16, 2010). Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom (PDF). Canton Ohio. p. 3. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
Lady Bird Johnson (1912–2007)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received January 10, 1977
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ The National First Ladies Library (November 16, 2010). Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom (PDF). Canton Ohio. p. 3. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
Georgia O'Keeffe (1887–1986)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received January 10, 1977
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ The National First Ladies Library (November 16, 2010). Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom (PDF). Canton Ohio. p. 3. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
Dr. Margaret Mead (1901–1978)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received January 19, 1979
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Wolley, John T.; Gerhard Peters (June 9, 1980). "Jimmy Carter, XXXIX President of the United States: 1977–1981, Presidential Medal of Freedom Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony, June 9, 1980". The American Presidency Project. www.presidency.ucsb.edu. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
- ^ "About Horace M. Albright". UC Berkeley Rausser College of Natural Resources. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Wolley, John T.; Gerhard Peters (January 16, 1981). "Jimmy Carter: Presidential Medal of Freedom Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony, January 16, 1981". The American Presidency Project. www.presidency.ucsb.edu. Retrieved December 2, 2020.
- ^ "Ronald Reagan: Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom". www.presidency.ucsb.edu. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
- ^ "Frank Gehry and Maya Lin Awarded Obama's Presidential Medal of Freedom". ArchDaily. November 17, 2016. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Woolley, John T; Gerhard Peters. "Ronald Reagan, XL President of the United States: 1981–1989, Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom, March 26, 1984". The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
- ^ "White House Freedom Medal Set for Whittaker Chambers". New York Times. February 22, 1984. Archived from the original on April 10, 2009. Retrieved January 16, 2011.
- ^ Sterling, Dorothy (March 9, 1984). "Whittaker Chambers: Odd Choice for the Medal of Freedom". New York Times. Retrieved January 16, 2011.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on June 4, 2011. Retrieved March 9, 2011.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Woolley, John T; Gerhard Peters. "Ronald Reagan, XL President of the United States: 1981–1989, Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medal of Freedom, March 26, 1984". The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
- ^ "Capt. Walker Kirtland Hancock ( 1901–1998 )". Monuments Men Foundation for the Preservation of Art. Retrieved June 24, 2018.
- ^ Woolley, John T; Gerhard Peters. "George Bush, XLI President of the United States: 1989–1993, Remarks at the Presentation Ceremony for the Presidential Medals of Freedom and Presidential Citizen's Medals, July 3, 1991". The American Presidency Project. University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
- ^ The National First Ladies Library (November 16, 2010). Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom (PDF). Canton Ohio. p. 3. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
Betty Ford (1918 – )...Presidential Medal of Freedom received November 18, 1991
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Curriculum Vitae of I. M. Pei". Pei Cobb Freed & Partners. Retrieved July 20, 2009.
- ^ "Remarks on presenting the Presidential Medal of Freedom to President Ronald Reagan-President George Bush-Transcript". The White House: Weekly Compilation of Presidential Documents. January 18, 1993. Archived from the original on November 16, 2010. Retrieved December 31, 2007.
- ^ The National First Ladies Library (November 16, 2010). Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom (PDF). Canton Ohio. p. 3. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
Chief,Wilma Mankiller (1945–2010)...Presidential Medal of Freedom received January 15, 1998
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ The National First Ladies Library (November 16, 2010). Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom (PDF). Canton Ohio. p. 3. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
Marian Wright Edelman (1939 – )...Presidential Medal of Freedom received August 9, 2000
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ McFeatters, Ann (July 10, 2002). "Fred Rogers gets Presidential Medal of Freedom". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. www.post-gazette.com. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
- ^ "President Honors 2003 Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients". whitehouse.gov – via National Archives.
- ^ Vargas, Jose Antonio (November 10, 2005). "At the White House, Prizes for 14 Champs,Medal of Freedom Ceremony Shows Ali as Fast as Ever". The Washington Post. washingtonpost.com. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
- ^ "Net pioneers receive top honour". BBC News. www.bbc.com. November 10, 2005. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "President Bush Honors Medal of Freedom Recipients". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved March 20, 2020 – via National Archives.
- ^ a b c d e f "President Bush Honors Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved March 14, 2020 – via National Archives.
- ^ Mayer, Catherine (January 13, 2009). "A Presidential Medal for Tony Blair". Time. www.time.com. Retrieved February 9, 2011.
- ^ "President Bush Commemorates Foreign Policy Achievements and Presents Medal of Freedom to Ambassador Ryan Crocker". whitehouse.gov. January 15, 2009. Retrieved January 16, 2009 – via National Archives.
- ^ "The Presidential Medal of Freedom". whitehouse.gov. Archived from the original on May 4, 2017. Retrieved August 20, 2017 – via National Archives.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "President Obama Names Medal of Freedom Recipients; 16 Agents of Change to Receive Top Civilian Honor". whitehouse.gov. July 30, 2009. Retrieved August 12, 2009 – via National Archives.
- ^ The National First Ladies Library (November 16, 2010). Heroes of the Presidential Medal of Freedom (PDF). Canton Ohio. p. 3. Retrieved February 11, 2011.
Justice Sandra Day O'Connor (1930 – )...Presidential Medal of Freedom received August 12, 2009
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Albright, World War II hero among 13 to receive Presidential Medal of Freedom". CNN. Retrieved May 29, 2012.
- ^ "Banks receives Medal of Freedom | 11/20/2013". MLB.com. Retrieved July 12, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients". Office of the Press Secretary, The White House. August 8, 2013. Retrieved August 8, 2013.
- ^ "President Obama Announces Sally Ride as a Recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom – April 18, 1970". Office of the Press Secretary. May 20, 2013. Retrieved July 2, 2013.[dead link]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "President Obama Announces the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients". whitehouse.gov. November 10, 2014. Retrieved November 11, 2014 – via National Archives.
- ^ Schulman, Kori (November 10, 2014). "President Obama Announces the Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved June 8, 2017 – via National Archives.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom". whitehouse.gov. November 16, 2015. Retrieved November 16, 2015 – via National Archives.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t "President Obama Names Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom". whitehouse.gov. November 16, 2016. Retrieved November 16, 2016 – via National Archives.
- ^ "The Presidential Medal of Freedom". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved November 25, 2016 – via National Archives.
- ^ "Biden surprised with Presidential Medal of Freedom". The Miami Herald. January 12, 2017. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
- ^ "Obama jokes about 'bromance' with Biden as he surprises then-VP with Presidential Medal of Freedom".
- ^ a b c d e f g "Trump names Medal of Freedom recipients | 11/10/2018". kinja.com. Archived from the original on November 10, 2018. Retrieved November 10, 2018.
- ^ Krantz, Laura (August 22, 2019). "Celtics legend Bob Cousy receives Presidential Medal of Freedom". Boston Globe. Retrieved November 12, 2019.
- ^ "Trump awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to economist Arthur Laffer". Washington Post. June 19, 2019.
- ^ "Remarks by President Trump at Presentation of the Medal of Freedom to Edwin Meese". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved March 21, 2020 – via National Archives.
- ^ Rambaran, Vandana (October 24, 2019). "Trump gives Presidential Medal of Freedom to racing icon Roger Penske". Fox News. Retrieved October 25, 2019.
- ^ Tillett, Emily (September 16, 2019). "Trump honors Yankees great Mariano Rivera with Medal of Freedom". CBS News. Retrieved September 16, 2019.
- ^ "Remarks by President Trump at Presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom to Jerry West". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved March 20, 2020 – via National Archives.
- ^ Samuel Chamberlain (May 6, 2019). "Trump presents 'true legend' Tiger Woods with Presidential Medal of Freedom". Fox News. Retrieved May 6, 2019.
- ^ "President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Dan Gable". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved December 4, 2020 – via National Archives.
- ^ "President Donald J. Trump to Award the Medal of Freedom to Lou Holtz". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved December 2, 2020 – via National Archives.
- ^ "Remarks by President Trump at the Presentation of the Presidential Medal of Freedom to General Jack Keane". whitehouse.gov. Retrieved March 14, 2020 – via National Archives.
- ^ Slisco, Aila (February 7, 2020). "Lt. Col Vindman Gets Standing Ovation At Dem Debate After Biden Says He Should Have Gotten Medal Of Freedom Instead Of Limbaugh". Newsweek. Retrieved March 26, 2020.
- ^ "President Trump Awards Presidential Medal of Freedom to Rush Limbaugh at SOTU". Business Insider. Retrieved April 11, 2020.
- ^ "Former track star Ryun given Medal of Freedom". ESPN.com. July 24, 2020.
- ^ a b c "Statement from the Press Secretary". whitehouse.gov. Archived from the original on January 20, 2021. Retrieved January 7, 2021 – via National Archives.
- ^ "Trump Gives Medal Of Freedom To Loyalist GOP Congressman Nunes". National Public Radio. Retrieved January 4, 2021.
- ^ "Trump awarding Medal of Freedom to allies Devin Nunes and Jim Jordan". CBS News. January 5, 2021. Retrieved January 9, 2021.
External links
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
- Medal of Freedom, Official site for the Medal of Freedom for the current administration
- Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients, 1963–2002 (alphabetical pp. 51–61, chronological pp. 62–69), The White House
- Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients, 1993–2016, United States Senate
- Politicians Who Received the Medal of Freedom, The Political Graveyard