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For other people named Paul Ryan, see Paul Ryan (disambiguation).
Paul Ryan
A portrait photograph of Paul Ryan.
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Wisconsin's 1st district
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 1999
Preceded byMark Neumann
Chairman of the House Budget Committee
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 3, 2011
Preceded byJohn Spratt
Personal details
Born
Paul Davis Ryan

(1970-01-29) January 29, 1970 (age 54)
Janesville, Wisconsin, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
SpouseJanna Little
ChildrenElizabeth
Charles
Samuel
Alma materMiami University (B.A.)
WebsiteCongressional website
This article is part of a series
about
Paul Ryan
Vice presidential campaigns

Paul Davis Ryan (born January 29, 1970) is the U.S. Representative for Wisconsin's 1st congressional district, serving since 1999, and is the presumptive nominee of the Republican Party for Vice President of the United States in the 2012 election.[1][2] As chair of the House Budget Committee, Ryan has focused on fiscal policy and has proposed privatizing Social Security and replacing Medicare with a voucher program.[3]

Born and raised in Janesville, Wisconsin, Ryan earned a B.A. degree from Miami University in Ohio. Following his studies, he worked as an aide to United States Senator Bob Kasten of Wisconsin, as legislative director for Senator Sam Brownback of Kansas, and as a speechwriter for former U.S. Representative and 1996 Republican vice presidential nominee Jack Kemp of New York. In 1998, Ryan won election to the United States House of Representatives, succeeding the two-term incumbent, fellow Republican Mark Neumann. He is now in his seventh term.

Ryan, as chair of the House Budget Committee, has played a prominent role in the Republican Party's budget proposals. As an alternative to the 2012 budget proposal of President Barack Obama, Ryan introduced a plan, The Path to Prosperity, in April 2011 which included significant changes to Medicare. He then helped introduce the similar The Path to Prosperity: A Blueprint for American Renewal in March 2012, in response to Obama's 2013 budget.[4] Ryan is one of the three co-founders of the Young Guns Program, an electoral recruitment and campaign effort by House Republicans. On August 11, 2012, Ryan was chosen by Mitt Romney to be his vice presidential running mate.[5]

Early life and education

Ryan was born and raised in Janesville, Wisconsin, the youngest child of Elizabeth A. "Betty" (née Hutter) and Paul Murray Ryan, a lawyer.[6][7][8] He is of Irish and German ancestry,[9] and is a fourth-generation Wisconsin native.[9] His great-grandfather, Patrick William Ryan (1858–1917), founded the Ryan Incorporated Central construction business in 1884.[10][11][12] Ryan's grandfather was appointed U.S. Attorney for Western Wisconsin by then-President Calvin Coolidge.[13]

While growing up, Ryan and his family often went on hiking and skiing trips in the Colorado Rocky Mountains.[7][13] Since Ryan shares his first name with his father, to avoid confusion while growing up he went by the nickname, "P.D." (Paul Davis) but it was often mistaken for 'Petey' making Ryan dislike it.[14] At 16, Ryan found his father, who had died of a heart attack, in bed. According to Ryan, his father, grandfather and great-grandfather all died from heart attacks at ages 55, 57 and 59 respectively, inspiring his later interest in health and exercise.[13] After his father's death, Ryan's grandmother, who suffered from Alzheimer's disease, moved in with his family and he helped care for her.[15] His father’s death provided Ryan with Social Security benefits until his 18th birthday, which he saved to pay for his education at Miami University of Ohio.[14]

As a junior at Joseph A. Craig High School in Janesville, Ryan was elected class president, which made him prom king and gave him his first political position, an unelected seat on the school board.[15] He was also voted "Biggest Brown-Noser" by his high-school class in a vote that also asked for the "Best Looking", "Most Likely to Succeed" and "Best Athlete". As per a survey of the seniors, this class was better-off than many working-class towns in Wisconsin. He competed in track his sophomore and senior years, was on his high school's varsity soccer team and played basketball in a Catholic recreational league.[16][17][18] He was also a member of the the student council, the Latin club, the history club, the lettermen's club, the outdoors club, the International Geographic Society, the pep club, the ushers club and the Model U.N.[16]

Ryan was educated at Miami University, in Oxford, Ohio,[19] where he often visited the office of professor Richard Hart to discuss the ideas of economists such as Milton Friedman and Friedrich Hayek, and the writings of Ayn Rand.[20] He also studied at the Washington Semester program at American University, where he played pick-up basketball games with NBC journalist David Gregory.[21] He worked summers as a salesman for Oscar Mayer, even driving the Wienermobile once.[13][22][20] During his junior year at Miami University, Ryan worked as an intern in the D.C. offices of Senator Bob Kasten of Wisconsin.[23] While a student, Ryan also did volunteer work for the congressional campaign of John Boehner.[20] He was a member of the Delta Tau Delta social fraternity.[20] Ryan graduated from Miami University double majoring with a B.A. in economics and political science, in 1992.[19]

Early political career

Betty Ryan reportedly urged her son to accept a congressional position as a staff economist attached to Kasten's office, which he did after graduating in 1992.[23][24] In his early years working on Capitol Hill, Ryan supplemented his income by working as a waiter, as a fitness trainer and at various other side jobs.[13][22]

After Kasten was defeated by Democrat Russ Feingold in 1992, Ryan became a speechwriter for Empower America, a conservative advocacy group founded by Jeane Kirkpatrick and William Bennett.[13][25] Ryan later worked as a speechwriter for Jack Kemp, the Republican vice presidential candidate in the 1996 United States presidential election, and later worked for U.S. Senator Sam Brownback of Kansas. In 1997 Ryan returned to Wisconsin and worked for his family's business, the Ryan Incorporated Central construction company, as a marketing consultant for a year.[15][13][26] In 1998, he ran for Congress.

Political philosophy

In the past, Ryan has credited Ayn Rand as his inspiration for getting involved in public service.[27] In a 2005 speech at the Atlas Society, he stated he grew up reading Rand, and that her books molded his identity, values and beliefs. He also found Rand inspirational enough to make her required reading for his interns and staff.[28] Later, in 2012, responding to criticism from Catholic leaders over his budget and Medicare proposals, Ryan denied being an Objectivist, stating he rejected the philosophy as an atheist one.[29][30] The Atlas Society has stated that Ryan never indicated he was an Objectivist or embraced an Objectivist epistemology.[28]

U.S. House of Representatives

Ryan has sided with a majority of his party in 93% of House votes in which he has participated, and sided with the majority vote of all House votes 95% of the time with the 111th Congress.[31]

Elections

Ryan was first elected to the House in 1998, when two-term incumbent Mark Neumann retired from his seat in order to make a bid (unsuccessful) for the U.S. Senate. Ryan won the Republican primary over 29-year-old pianist Michael J. Logan of Twin Lakes and the general election against Democratic opponent Lydia Spottswood.[32]

Ryan successfully defended his seat against Democratic challenger Jeffrey C. Thomas in 2000, 2002, 2004, and 2006.[33] In 2002, Ryan had also faced Libertarian candidate George Meyers. Ryan defeated Democratic nominee Marge Krupp in the 2008 general election in his district.[33]

Ryan defeated Democratic nominee John Heckenlively and the Libertarian nominee Joseph Kexel in the 2010 general election in his district.

Ryan had planned to face Rob Zerban (D) and Keith Deschler (L) in the 2012 Congressional elections. The primary contest is scheduled for August 14; Ryan is the only candidate seeking the Republican Party nomination.[34] Under Wisconsin law, Ryan is allowed to run concurrently for Vice-President as he competes for his eighth term in Congress.[35] Ryan has over $5.4 million in his Congressional campaign account, more than any other House member.[36][37] He has not yet announced if he will withdraw from the Congressional race.

Tenure

Following his first election to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1998, he had a walk-in delivery van converted into a “Mobile Constituent Service Center” that allowed him and his staff to meet with his constituents at rural locations across Wisconsin's 1st congressional district.[38][39]

In 1999, Ryan voted in favor of the Gramm–Leach–Bliley Act which repealed key provisions of the depression-era Glass–Steagall Act which regulated banking.[40] In 2002, he voted in favor of the Iraq Resolution, authorizing President George W. Bush to use military force in Iraq.[41] In 2003, Ryan voted in favor of the Medicare Part D prescription drug law.[42] In 2004 and 2005, Ryan pushed the Bush administration to propose the privatization of Social Security; Ryan's proposal ultimately failed when it did not gain the support of the then-Republican presidential administration. After the next election, he was chosen as the ranking member of the House Budget Committee.[15]

In 2008, Ryan voted for the Troubled Asset Relief Program, as well as the bailout of GM and Chrysler.[43] In 2011, he was selected to deliver the Republican response to the State of the Union address.[44] In 2012, he accused the nation's top military leaders of using "smoke and mirrors" to remain under budget limits passed by Congress.[45][46] Ryan later said that he misspoke on the issue and called General Martin Dempsey to apologize for his comments.[47]

In May 2012, Ryan voted for H.R. 4310 which would increase defense spending, including spending for the Afghanistan War and for various weapon systems, to the level of $642 billion – $8 billion more than previous spending levels.[48]

Budget proposals

Main article: The Path to Prosperity

2008 Budget proposal

Ryan speaking at the Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC) in Washington, D.C. on February 10, 2011.

On May 21, 2008, Ryan introduced H.R. 6110, The Path to Prosperity: Roadmap for America's Future Act of 2008, commonly referred to as The Ryan Budget.[49] This proposed legislation outlined changes to entitlement spending, including a controversial proposal to replace Medicare with a voucher program for seniors.[3][50][51] The Roadmap found only eight sponsors and did not move past committee.[52][53]

On April 1, 2009, Ryan introduced his alternative to the 2010 United States federal budget. This alternative budget would have eliminated the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, lowered the top tax rate to 25%, introduced an 8.5% value-added consumption tax, and imposed a five-year spending freeze on all discretionary spending.[54] It would have also phased out Medicare's traditional fee-for-service model, instead offering fixed sums in the form of a vouchers for Medicare beneficiaries with which to buy private insurance, starting in 2021.[55] The federal government would no longer pay for Medicare benefits for persons born after 1958.[55] The plan attracted criticism since the voucher payments would not be set to increase as medical costs increase, leaving beneficiaries partially uninsured.[55] Ryan's proposed budget would also have allowed taxpayers to opt out of the federal income taxation system with itemized deductions, and instead pay a flat 10 percent of adjusted gross income up to $100,000 and 25 percent on any remaining income.[56] Ryan's proposed budget was criticized by opponents for the lack of concrete numbers.[57] It was ultimately rejected in the House by a vote of 293–137, with 38 Republicans in opposition.[58]

On January 27, 2010, Ryan released a modified version of his Roadmap, H.R. 4529: Roadmap for America’s Future Act of 2010.[59][60] The modified plan would provide across-the-board tax cuts by reducing income tax rates; eliminate income taxes on capital gains, dividends, and interest; and abolish the corporate income tax, estate tax, and Alternative Minimum Tax. The plan would privatize a portion of Social Security,[61][62] eliminate the tax exclusion for employer-sponsored health insurance,[62] and privatize Medicare.[61][62]

On April 11, 2011, Ryan introduced H.Con.Res. 34, a federal budget for the fiscal year 2012.[63] The House passed this Ryan Plan on April 15, 2011, by a vote of 235–193. Four Republicans joined all House Democrats in voting against it.[64] A month later, the bill died in the Senate by a vote of 57–40, with five Republicans and most Democrats in opposition.[65]

Citing the Tax Policy Center, economist and New York Times columnist Paul Krugman criticized Ryan's contention that his plan would reduce the deficit, saying that this contention is due to the "effects of his proposed spending cuts — period. It didn’t address the revenue losses from his tax cuts."[66] Krugman further called the proposed spending cuts a "sham" because they depended on making a severe cut in domestic discretionary spending without specifying the programs to be cut, and on "dismantling Medicare as we know it," which is politically unrealistic.[66] In response to Krugman, columnist Ramesh Ponnuru, writing in the National Review, argued that Ryan's plan would lead to less debt than current budgets, according to CBO projections.[67] Economist Ted Gayer wrote that "Ryan’s vision of broad-based tax reform, which essentially would shift us toward a consumption tax... makes a useful contribution to this debate".[68]

2012 Budget proposal

Ryan speaking with President Barack Obama during the nationally televised bipartisan meeting on health insurance reform in Washington, D.C. on February 25, 2010.

On March 23, 2012 Ryan introduced a new version of his federal budget for the fiscal year 2013.[69] On March 29, 2012, the House of Representatives passed the resolution along partisan lines, 228 yeas to 191 nays; ten Republicans voted against bill, along with all the House Democrats.[70] Ryan's budget seeks to reduce all discretionary spending in the budget from 12.5% of GDP in 2011 to 3.75% of GDP in 2050.[71] Former U.S. Comptroller General David Walker and Maya MacGuineas, president of the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget, both praised the budget for making tough choices. Walker believes it needs to go even further, tackling social security and defense spending.[72] In contrast, Ezra Klein criticized the budget for making allegedly "unrealistic assumptions".[71] Marc Goldwein, the policy director for the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget argued that a balanced budget may not be achievable.[73] The 2012 Ryan budget was criticized by the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops as taking away benefits from the poor contrary to church teachings [74] but Ryan rejected their criticism.[75]

Committee assignments

Caucus memberships

2012 vice presidential campaign

The USS Wisconsin in Norfolk, Virginia, where Romney announced his Vice Presidential selection.

On August 11 the Romney campaign officially announced Ryan as its choice for Vice President through its mobile app titled "Mitt's VP",[76] as well as via the social networking service Twitter,[77] about 90 minutes before Romney's in-person introduction. As Romney introduced Ryan, he billed him as the "next President of the United States", and then corrected his error.[78] Before the official announcement in Norfolk, it was reported that Romney had decided to choose Ryan on August 1, 2012, the day after returning from his foreign trip through the United Kingdom, Poland and Israel.[79] On August 11, 2012, Ryan formally accepted Romney's invitation to join his campaign as his running mate, in front of the USS Wisconsin in Norfolk, Virginia.[76]

Personal life

Ryan married Janna Little, a tax attorney,[39] in December 2000.[6] She was living in Arlington, Virginia, when Ryan met her at the Arlington Institute on Aging. She is a cousin of the Democratic U.S. Representative from Oklahoma Dan Boren. An Oklahoma native, Little is a graduate of Wellesley College and George Washington University Law School. The outdoorsman Ryan proposed to her at a favorite fishing spot, Big St. Germain Lake in northern Wisconsin.[14] The Ryans live in Janesville, Wisconsin, with their three children Elizabeth Anne, Charles Wilson, and Samuel Lowery.[80] Ryan is a fan of the Green Bay Packers.[81] He is Roman Catholic and a member of St. John Vianney Catholic Church.[82]

Ryan, a fitness enthusiast, promotes fitness as a daily routine for young people. Ryan has said he is careful about what he eats, performs an intense cross-training routine known as P90X most mornings, and has made close to 40 climbs of Colorado's Fourteeners (14,000-foot peaks).[13] Ryan is a hunter and fisherman who makes his own bratwurst and Polish sausage.[8] He is also a bowhunter and a member of his town's archery association, the Janesville Bowmen.[14] His musical preferences include Beethoven, Rage Against the Machine and Led Zeppelin.[83][84]

Awards and honors

Electoral history

See also: Electoral history of Paul Ryan
Year Office District Democrat Republican Other
1998 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Lydia Spottswood 43% Paul Ryan 57%
2000 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Jeffrey Thomas 33% Paul Ryan 67%
2002 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Jeffrey Thomas 31% Paul Ryan 67% George Meyers (L) 2%
2004 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Jeffrey Thomas 33% Paul Ryan 65%
2006 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Jeffrey Thomas 37% Paul Ryan 63%
2008 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District Marge Krupp 35% Paul Ryan 64% Joseph Kexel (L) 1%
2010 U.S. House of Representatives Wisconsin 1st District John Heckenlively 30% Paul Ryan 68% Joseph Kexel (L) 2%

References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to
U.S. Rep. Paul Ryan.
  • Health Care Reform: The Long-Term Perspective at Cato Institute, June 2009
  • Monitor Breakfast—conversation on Medicare voucher reform in the Christian Science Monitor, 2 December 2010
  • Paul Ryan, Wisconsin Historical Society
    • U.S. House of Representatives
    Preceded by Member of the House of Representatives
    from Wisconsin's 1st congressional district
    1999–present     		Incumbent
    Preceded by Chairperson of House Budget Committee
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    Preceded by Republican nominee for Vice President of the United States
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