Pierre, South Dakota

Coordinates: 44°22′05″N 100°20′11″W / 44.367966°N 100.336378°W / 44.367966; -100.336378
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 117.205.192.220 (talk) at 15:24, 13 November 2018 (Added parameter for named for Pierre Chouteau Jr.). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Pierre
State capital and city
Pierre, South Dakota
The South Dakota State Capitol building near the Missouri River in downtown Pierre
The South Dakota State Capitol building near the Missouri River in downtown Pierre
Motto: 
"On The River-On The Move"
Location in Hughes County and the state of South Dakota
Location in Hughes County and the state of South Dakota
Pierre is located in South Dakota
Pierre
Pierre
Pierre is located in the United States
Pierre
Pierre
Pierre (the United States)
Pierre is located in North America
Pierre
Pierre
Pierre (North America)
Coordinates: 44°22′5″N 100°20′11″W / 44.36806°N 100.33639°W / 44.36806; -100.33639
CountryUnited States
StateSouth Dakota
CountyHughes
Founded1880
Incorporated1883[1]
Named forPierre Chouteau Jr.
Government
 • MayorLaurie Gill
Area
[2]
 • Total13.07 sq mi (33.85 km2)
 • Land13.06 sq mi (33.83 km2)
 • Water0.01 sq mi (0.03 km2)  0.08%
Elevation
1,453 ft (442 m)
Population
 (2010)[3]
 • Total13,646
 • Estimate 
(2017)[4]
14,004
 • Density1,044.9/sq mi (403.4/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (Central)
ZIP code
57501
Area code605
FIPS code46-49600
GNIS feature ID1266887[5]
WebsiteCity of Pierre

Pierre (/pɪər/;[6] Lakota: čhúŋkaške,[7] "fort") is the state capital of the U.S. state of South Dakota, and the county seat of Hughes County.[8] The population was 13,646 at the 2010 census, making it the second-least populous state capital in the United States after Montpelier, Vermont, and the eighth-most populous city in South Dakota.

Founded in 1880 on the east bank of the Missouri River opposite Fort Pierre, Pierre has been the state capital since South Dakota gained statehood on November 2, 1889. It was challenged by Huron for the capital and won because of its location in the geographic center of the state. Fort Pierre was named after Pierre Chouteau, Jr., a major American fur trader from St. Louis, Missouri, who was of colonial French origin.

Pierre is the principal city of the Pierre Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Hughes and Stanley counties.

Geography

Photograph of the Oahe Dam, several miles north of Pierre, taken from the International Space Station (ISS)

Pierre is located at 44°22′5″N 100°20′11″W / 44.36806°N 100.33639°W / 44.36806; -100.33639 (44.367966, −100.336378).[9]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 13.07 square miles (33.85 km2), of which, 13.06 square miles (33.83 km2) is land and 0.01 square miles (0.03 km2) is water.[2]

Pierre lies on rough river bluffs above the east bank of the Missouri River, overlooking its expanse. It is a few miles away from Lake Oahe, one of the largest man-made lakes in the world. Developed for flood control and irrigation, the lake has become a popular fishing destination.

Climate

Pierre has a relatively dry, four-season, humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfa),[10] with long, dry, cold winters, hot summers, and brief spring and autumnal transitions; as with much of the southern half of the state, it lies in USDA Plant Hardiness in zone 5.[11] According to weather maps and their data used as a basis, Pierre can be considered a semi-arid cold climate (Köppen: Bsk) aided by its precipitation near the threshold[12] that reaches even northeast of the city in South Dakota. As such, it is the only capital of the Midwest's states with a non-humid climate.[13][14] The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 19.9 °F (−6.7 °C) in January to 75.4 °F (24.1 °C), though the diurnal temperature variation is significantly greater during summer than in winter. Snow primarily falls in light amounts, with the snowiest months being February and March, while the average seasonal total is 32 inches (0.81 m). In addition, there are 20 nights per year with lows below 0 °F (−17.8 °C),[15] and cold conditions are often intensified by the high winds of the Great Plains. Summers often see spikes in temperature, with 6.4 days of highs above 100 °F (37.8 °C) and 36−37 days with highs above 90 °F (32.2 °C).[15]

On July 23, 1973, an F3 tornado struck Pierre and caused 10 injuries.[16] It was the strongest tornado ever recorded in Hughes County.[17]

The beginning of both May and October represent the last and first, respectively, freezing nights of the cooler season.[15] Precipitation is much lighter in the winter months than it is in late spring and summer, and totals about 20 inches (508 mm) annually. Extremes have ranged from −35 °F (−37 °C) on February 9, 1994 to 117 °F (47 °C) on July 15, 2006.

Climate data for Pierre, South Dakota (Pierre Regional Airport), 1981−2010 normals
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 68
(20) 		75
(24) 		88
(31) 		98
(37) 		105
(41) 		112
(44) 		117
(47) 		114
(46) 		108
(42) 		98
(37) 		87
(31) 		77
(25) 		117
(47)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) 30.0
(−1.1) 		34.9
(1.6) 		45.4
(7.4) 		59.7
(15.4) 		70.2
(21.2) 		80.0
(26.7) 		88.8
(31.6) 		87.3
(30.7) 		76.5
(24.7) 		61.0
(16.1) 		44.1
(6.7) 		31.3
(−0.4) 		59.1
(15.1)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) 9.8
(−12.3) 		13.8
(−10.1) 		23.5
(−4.7) 		34.2
(1.2) 		45.7
(7.6) 		55.4
(13.0) 		61.9
(16.6) 		60.1
(15.6) 		49.2
(9.6) 		36.4
(2.4) 		23.3
(−4.8) 		12.1
(−11.1) 		35.6
(2.0)
Record low °F (°C) −33
(−36) 		−35
(−37) 		−19
(−28) 		1
(−17) 		21
(−6) 		34
(1) 		42
(6) 		39
(4) 		21
(−6) 		4
(−16) 		−18
(−28) 		−31
(−35) 		−35
(−37)
Average precipitation inches (mm) .42
(11) 		.59
(15) 		1.23
(31) 		1.81
(46) 		3.15
(80) 		3.57
(91) 		2.61
(66) 		1.80
(46) 		1.87
(47) 		1.65
(42) 		.76
(19) 		.55
(14) 		20.01
(508)
Average snowfall inches (cm) 5.4
(14) 		6.0
(15) 		5.8
(15) 		3.5
(8.9) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		.9
(2.3) 		4.8
(12) 		4.8
(12) 		31.3
(80)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) 5.7 4.7 6.3 8.2 10.2 10.7 9.2 7.4 6.8 6.8 5.9 5.8 87.7
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) 5.1 3.8 3.5 1.9 0 0 0 0 0 .6 3.1 4.3 22.3
Source: NOAA (extremes 1933–present)[15][18]

Demographics

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18903,235—
19002,306−28.7%
19103,65658.5%
19203,209−12.2%
19303,65914.0%
19404,32218.1%
19505,71532.2%
196010,08876.5%
19709,699−3.9%
198011,97323.4%
199012,9067.8%
200013,8767.5%
201013,646−1.7%
2017 (est.)14,004[19]2.6%
U.S. Decennial Census[20]
2017 Estimate[4]

2010 census

Looking west at railroad bridge over the Missouri River, Pierre South Dakota

As of the census[3] of 2010, there were 13,646 people, 5,778 households, and 3,463 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,044.9 inhabitants per square mile (403.4/km2). There were 6,159 housing units at an average density of 471.6 per square mile (182.1/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 85.1% White, 0.5% African American, 10.9% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.5% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino people of any race were 1.9% of the population.

There were 5,778 households of which 29.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.7% were married couples living together, 10.4% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.8% had a male householder with no wife present, and 40.1% were non-families. 35.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 11% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.23 and the average family size was 2.87.

The median age in the city was 39.3 years. 22.9% of residents were under the age of 18; 7.5% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 26.7% were from 25 to 44; 28.9% were from 45 to 64; and 13.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.8% male and 52.2% female.

2000 census

Pierre, South Dakota on the Missouri River

As of the census of 2000, there were 13,876 people, 5,567 households, and 3,574 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,065.8 people per square mile (411.5/km²). There were 5,949 housing units at an average density of 457.0 per square mile (176.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 88.91% White, 0.20% African American, 8.56% Native American, 0.46% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.29% from other races, and 1.56% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 1.25% of the population.

There were 5,567 households, out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 51.6% were married couples living together, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.8% were non-families. 31.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 10.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.35, and the average family size was 2.96.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 27.2% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 23.6% from 45 to 64, and 14.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 38 years. For every 100 females, there were 90.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.4 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $42,962, and the median income for a family was $52,144. Males had a median income of $32,969 versus $22,865 for females. The per capita income for the city was $20,462. About 5.5% of families and 7.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 7.9% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

Transportation

Public transit is provided by River Cities Public Transit.

Pierre also has an airport, Pierre Regional Airport, served by one commercial airline.

Pierre is one of only four state capitals not served by an Interstate highway (along with Dover, Delaware, Jefferson City, Missouri, and Juneau, Alaska) and the only one not served by any expressways.[21] The nearest Interstate highway is Interstate 90, about 34 mi (55 km) south of Pierre via the four-lane U.S. Highway 83.I-390 is proposed to connect Pierre to I-90.[citation needed]

The Rapid City, Pierre and Eastern Railroad runs east–west through the city. The railroad crosses the Missouri River on the Chicago and North Western Railroad Bridge.

Education

The Pierre School District oversees three elementary schools, a middle school and a high school, T. F. Riggs High School. The only private school is St. Joseph, a Catholic elementary school administered by the local parish and the Diocese of Sioux Falls.

Media

Television

Channel
(Digital) 		Callsign Network Owner Web site
7.1 K14IO-D
(Translator of KTTW)		 Fox Independent Communications [1]
11.1 KPLO-LD
(Translator of KELO)		 CBS Nexstar Media Group [2]
11.2 KPLO-LD
(Translator of KELO)		 MyNetworkTV Nexstar Media Group [3]
13.1 KPRY
(Satellite of KSFY)		 ABC Gray Television [4]
13.2 KPRY
(Satellite of KSFY)		 The CW Gray Television [5]
13.3 KPRY
(Satellite of KSFY)		 MeTV Gray Television [6]
34.1 K34GM-D Three Angels Broadcasting Network Danny Shelton [7]
46.1 K27HJ-D
(Translator of KDLT)		 NBC Red River Broadcasting [8]
46.2 K27HJ-D
(Translator of KDLT)		 Antenna TV Red River Broadcasting [9]

AM radio

AM radio stations
Frequency Call sign Name Format Owner City
1060 AM KGFX Classic Country Dakota Radio Group Pierre
1240 AM KCCR Full Service Riverfront Broadcasting LLC Pierre

FM radio

FM radio stations
Frequency Call sign Name Format Owner Target city/market City of license
89.1 FM KVFL VCY America Christian VCY America Pierre Pierre
89.5 FM K208FM Moody Radio Christian
WJSO translator		 Moody Bible Institute Pierre Pierre
90.3 FM KSLP Power 107.3 Contemporary Christian
KSLT translator		 Bethesda Christian Broadcasting Pierre Fort Pierre
91.7 FM KTSD South Dakota Public Broadcasting NPR SD Board of Directors for Educational Telecommunications Pierre Reliance
92.7 FM KGFX-FM River 92.7 CHR Dakota Radio Group Pierre Pierre
94.5 FM KPLO-FM 94 Country Country Dakota Radio Group Pierre Reliance
95.3 FM KLXS Country 95.3 Country Riverfront Broadcasting LLC Pierre Pierre
96.3 FM K242CH South Dakota Public Broadcasting NPR SD Board of Directors for Educational Telecommunications Pierre Pierre
100.1 FM KJBI 100.1 The Eagle Classic Hits Dakota Radio Group Pierre Fort Pierre
100.5 FM K263AW 94 Country Country Dakota Radio Group Pierre Fort Pierre
104.5 FM KCCR-FM Capitol City Rock 104.5 Active Rock Riverfront Broadcasting LLC Pierre Blunt
105.1 FM KPGN-LP Pierre's Good News Station Christian Pierre Educational Radio, Inc Pierre Pierre
107.1 FM K296FI 1060 KGFX Classic Country
KGFX-AM translator		 Dakota Radio Group Pierre Pierre

Newspaper

The Capital Journal is the local newspaper and has been in circulation since 1881. OaheTV is the local Public/Education/Government cable channel serving Pierre, Fort Pierre on Midcontinent Communications Cable.

Notable people

In popular culture

In 2015, in honor of the Monopoly game's 80th birthday, Hasbro held an online vote to determine which cities would make it into an updated version of the "Here and Now: The US Edition" of the game. The top "Boardwalk" spot went to an unexpected contender: Pierre. It received the most votes, beating New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Boston.[22][23] The picture that accompanied the name of the city in the balloting was of the well-known Mount Rushmore, even though the sculpture is in Keystone, 150 miles west of Pierre.[24]

Pierre is home to many attractions, including the Oahe Dam and the world's largest Menards, a regional home improvement store.[25]

References

  1. ^ William D. Halsey, ed. (1976). "Pierre". Collier's Encyclopedia. Vol. 19. New York: Macmillan Educational Corporation. pp. 42–43.
  2. ^ a b "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2012-01-24. Retrieved 2012-06-21. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-06-21.
  4. ^ a b "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved October 5, 2018.
  5. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  6. ^ "Broadcast Pronunciation Guide and South Dakota Pronunciations". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 2011-06-14. Retrieved 2009-11-10. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ Ullrich, Jan F. (2014). New Lakota Dictionary (2nd ed.). Bloomington, IN: Lakota Language Consortium. ISBN 978-0-9761082-9-0.
  8. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
  9. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
  10. ^ Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A.: Updated American map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification. Archived 2011-06-28 at the Wayback Machine Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 1633–1644, 2007.
  11. ^ "What is my arborday.org Hardiness Zone?". Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  12. ^ Data, US Climate. "Climate Pierre - South Dakota and Weather averages Pierre - Weather history january 2018". www.usclimatedata.com. Retrieved 2018-10-16.
  13. ^ "Interactive United States Koppen-Geiger Climate Classification Map". www.plantmaps.com. Retrieved 2018-10-16.
  14. ^ "Updated Köppen-Geiger climate map of the world". people.eng.unimelb.edu.au. Retrieved 2018-10-16. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  15. ^ a b c d "Station Name: SD PIERRE RGNL AP". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 2013-03-10.
  16. ^ http://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/tornado/19730723.46.22
  17. ^ http://www.tornadohistoryproject.com/tornado/South-Dakota/Hughes/map
  18. ^ National Weather Service Corporate Image Web Team. "National Weather Service Climate". Retrieved 9 April 2016.
  19. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
  20. ^ United States Census Bureau. "Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved September 23, 2013.
  21. ^ "The Dwight D. Eisenhower System of Interstate and Defense Highways - Part VII - Miscellaneous Interstate Facts". Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
  22. ^ Burbach, Kevin (March 19, 2015). "Pierre Gets Top Spot on New Monopoly Game". Argus Leader. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
  23. ^ "Monopoly". BuzzFeed. Archived from the original on 20 March 2016. Retrieved 9 April 2016. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ "Distance between Pierre, SD and Keystone, SD". www.distance-cities.com. Retrieved 2016-06-09.
  25. ^ Lee.zion@capjounrnal.com, Lee Zion. "Big Menards opens". Capital Journal. Retrieved 2016-06-09.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Pierre, South Dakota.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Pierre".

44°22′05″N 100°20′11″W / 44.367966°N 100.336378°W / 44.367966; -100.336378

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pierre,_South_Dakota&oldid=868646583"