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List of gay villages

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Gayvillage in Berlin
The Gayborhood in Philadelphia

This is a list of gay villages, urban areas with generally recognized boundaries that unofficially form a social center for LGBT people.[1] They tend to contain a number of gay lodgings, B&Bs, bars, clubs and pubs, restaurants, cafés and other similar businesses. Some may be gay getaways, such as Provincetown or Guerneville.

This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by adding missing items with reliable sources.

Argentina

Name of village City Reference
Barrio Norte Buenos Aires
Lanús Buenos Aires
San Telmo Buenos Aires [2]

Australia

Name of village City Reference
Australian Capital Territory
Braddon Canberra
New South Wales
Darlinghurst Sydney
Newtown Sydney
Potts Point Sydney
Elizabeth Bay Sydney
Surry Hills Sydney
Waterloo Sydney
Marrickville Sydney
Paddington Sydney
Redfern Sydney
Petersham Sydney
Victoria
Elwood Melbourne
Richmond Melbourne
St Kilda Melbourne
South Yarra Melbourne
Prahran Melbourne
St Kilda East Melbourne
Collingwood Melbourne
Brunswick Melbourne
Fitzroy Melbourne
Windsor Melbourne
Daylesford Daylesford
Queensland
Fortitude Valley Brisbane
New Farm Brisbane
Teneriffe Brisbane
Western Australia
Northbridge Perth

Belgium

Name of village City Reference
Rue du Marché au Charbon Brussels

Brazil

Name of village City Reference
Farme de Amoedo Street Rio de Janeiro [3]
Frei Caneca Street (Shopping center, many bars, saunas, etc.) São Paulo [4]
Jardins (mainly in the area of Alameda Itu, and Al. Franca, bars and gay-friendly restaurants) São Paulo
Huáscar de Figueiredo Street Manaus

Canada

Name of village City Reference
Jasper Avenue Edmonton [5]
Le Village gai Montreal [6][7][8]
The Village/Le village (Bank Street between Nepean and James Streets) Ottawa [9][10][11]
Church and Wellesley Toronto [12][13]
Queen Street West/Parkdale "Queer West Village" Toronto [14]
Davie Village Vancouver [15][16][17]

Chile

Name of village City Reference
Horcones Caleta Horcon, Puchuncavi, Valparaiso Region, Chile [18]

China

Name of village City Reference
Huaihai Gayborhood (Changning and Xuhui) Shanghai [18]

Colombia

Name of village City Reference
Chapinero Bogotá

Cuba

Name of village City Reference
"La Rampa", Vedado Havana

Denmark

Name of village City Reference
Strædet Copenhagen
Skolegade Aarhus

France

Name of village City Reference
Le Marais Paris [19]
Sallèles-d'Aude Narbonne
Beaubourg/Les Halles Paris
Saint Pierre Bordeaux
Le Vieux-Lille Lille
Quartier Boisnet Angers
La Croisette Cannes
Vieux Port, the Plaine and the Cours Julien Marseille
Canal du Midi banks in Saint-Aubin neighborhood, Port Saint-Sauveur Toulouse
Place du Marché-aux-Fleurs, Promenade du Peyrou Montpellier
Grosso Quarter Nice
Rue Royale, Opéra, Hôtel de Ville Lyon
Place du Marché, Place Hoche Versailles

Germany

Name of village City Reference
"Nollendorfkiez"; Nollendorfplatz / Motzstraße / Eisenacher Straße / Fuggerstraße /Viktoria-Luise-Platz in the west of Schöneberg Berlin
The area around Helmholtzplatz in Prenzlauer Berg Berlin
Lange Reihe in St. Georg, Hamburg Hamburg
Schaafenstraße in Innenstadt, Cologne Cologne
Nordend Frankfurt
Glockenbachviertel Munich
Gurlarn Ziegelviertel Fürstenzell

Greece

Name of village City Reference
Gazi (Gay Bars & Clubs.) Athens
Saint Eirini's Square, and part of Aiolou Street (Gay and gay-friendly cafés) Athens
Mykonos Mykonos

Italy

Name of village City Reference
Torre del Lago Viareggio, Tuscany
Porta Venezia Milan
San Giovanni in Laterano street Rome
Parco del Ninfeo (Eur) Rome

Japan

see also Gay villages of Japan

Name of village City Reference
Shinjuku ni-chōme Tokyo
Doyama Osaka
Ueno (Mainly Nana-chome, Higashi-Ueno) Tokyo
Fukuoka (Mainly Sumiyoshi & Haruyoshi) Fukuoka
Sakae (Mainly Yon-chome) & Fushimi Nagoya
Asakusa (Mainly Ni-chome, San-chome) Tokyo
Shinbashi (Mainly San-chome, Yon-chome) Tokyo
Namba (Mainly Yon-chome, Nambanaka It-chome) Osaka
Noge (Sakuragichō Station) Yokohama
Susukino (Mainly Southwestern area) Hokkaidō
Nagarekawa Hiroshima
Ikebukuro Tokyo
Sakurazaka Okinawa
Shinsekai Osaka

Mexico

Name of village City Reference
Zona Rosa Mexico City
Zona Romantica Puerto Vallarta
Prisciliano Sanchez St. & Chapultepec (Zona Rosa) Guadalajara
Zona Rosa, Tijuana. "Santa Cecilia Plaza" Tijuana, Baja California Norte, Mexico

Netherlands

Name of village City Reference
Reguliersdwarsstraat Amsterdam

New Zealand

Name of village City Reference
Karangahape Road Auckland
Ponsonby Auckland [20]
Wellington Central Wellington based upon NZ census records of same sex couples

The Philippines

Name of village City Reference
Malate Manila
Timog Quezon City

Portugal

Name of village City Reference
Bairro Alto Lisbon
Chiado Lisbon [21]
Príncipe Real Lisbon [22]

South Africa

Name of village City Reference
Rosebank Johannesburg
Parkhurst Johannesburg
Melville Johannesburg
Green Point Cape Town
De Waterkant Cape Town
Sea Point Cape Town

South Korea

Name of village City Reference
Jongro Seoul
Homo Hill, Itaewon Seoul
Sinchon Seoul

Spain

Name of village City Reference
Chueca Madrid
Lavapiés Madrid
Malasaña Madrid
La Latina Madrid
Gaixample Barcelona
Sitges Sitges (Province of Barcelona)
Barrio del Carmen Valencia
Ruzafa Valencia
Alameda Sevilla
Barrio del Arenal Sevilla
Alfalfa Sevilla
Old Town Benidorm
Muelle de la Marzana Bilbao
Elvira Granada
Calle de la Virgen Ibiza
Plaza de Ferray Las Palmas de Gran Canaria
Playa del Inglés Maspalomas (Gran Canaria)
Barrio de La Merced Málaga
Barrio de Santa Eulalia Murcia
Gomila Palma, Majorca
Avenida del Generalísimo Puerto de la Cruz (Tenerife)
Old town north east - Entremuros Santiago de Compostela
Salto del Caballo Toledo
La Nogalera Torremolinos (Málaga)
Areal Vigo
Puerta del Carmen Zaragoza

Sweden

Name of village City Reference
Mariatorget Stockholm

Taiwan

Name of Village City or County Reference
Ximending Taipei [23]
Zhongshan Taipei [23]

United Kingdom

Name of village City Reference
England
Hurst Street Birmingham [24][25]
The Triangle Bournemouth
Kemptown Brighton [26][27][28][29]
Old Market Bristol [30]
Lower Briggate/The Calls Leeds [31]
Liverpool gay quarter Liverpool Berkmoes (2001, p. 575)
Old Compton Street/Soho London [32] Masters, Fallon & Maric (2008, p. 332)
Vauxhall London Masters, Fallon & Maric (2008, p. 336)
Earl's Court London Masters, Fallon & Maric (2008, p. 174)
Canal Street Manchester [33][34][35][36]
Pink Triangle Newcastle upon Tyne [37][38][39]
Northern Ireland
Cathedral Quarter Belfast [40]
Scotland
Broughton Street Edinburgh [41]
Merchant City Glasgow [42][43][44][45][46]
Wales
Charles Street and Churchill Way Cardiff [47]

Sources

  • Berkmoes, Ryan Ver (2001), Britain (4 ed.), Lonely Planet, ISBN 978-1-86450-147-6
  • Masters, Tom; Fallon, Steve; Maric, Vesna (2008), London: city guide (6 ed.), Lonely Planet, ISBN 978-1-74104-712-7

United States

Name of village City Reference
Arkansas
Eureka Springs Carroll County
California
Tower District Fresno
Guerneville Sonoma County
The Broadway Corridor Long Beach
Laguna Beach Orange County [48]
Adams Point Oakland
Laurel Oakland
Silver Lake Los Angeles
West Hollywood Los Angeles County [49]
Monterey Monterey County
Palm Springs Riverside County [50]
Bungalow Heaven Pasadena
Lavender Heights Sacramento
Hillcrest San Diego
The Castro San Francisco
SoMa San Francisco
Polk Gulch San Francisco
Hayes Street San Francisco
The Alameda San José
Colorado
Capitol Hill Denver
Delaware
Rehoboth Beach Sussex County
District of Columbia
Dupont Circle Washington
Logan Circle Washington
U Street Washington
Florida
Key West Monroe County
South Beach Miami Beach
Upper Eastside Miami
Wilton Manors Broward County
Oakland Park Broward County
Lake Worth Palm Beach County [51]
GaYbor Tampa
Seminole Heights Tampa
Grand Central St. Petersburg
Riverside and Avondale Jacksonville
Springfield Jacksonville
Thorton Park Orlando
ViMi District Orlando
Panama City Beach Panama City [52]
Georgia
Ansley Park Atlanta
East Atlanta Village Atlanta
Grant Park Atlanta
Kirkwood Atlanta
Midtown, Cheshire Bridge Road, and Ansley Mall area Atlanta
Illinois
Andersonville Chicago
Edgewater (esp. Hollywood Beach, a.k.a. Osterman Beach) Chicago
Uptown (a.k.a. Hauteville) Chicago
Lake View East (esp. North Halsted Street, a.k.a. Boystown) Chicago
East Rogers Park (esp. the Glenwood Arts District) Chicago
Wicker Park Chicago
Indiana
Broad Ripple Village Indianapolis
Chatham Arch Indianapolis
Mass Ave Indianapolis
Stonegate New Castle
Kentucky
Berea Madison County
The Highlands Louisville
Lexington Fayette County [53]
Louisiana
Faubourg Marigny New Orleans
French Quarter New Orleans
P-Town, also called Pigeon Town / Pension Town New Orleans
Cotton Street Shreveport
Maine
Ogunquit York County
Hallowell Kennebec County
Maryland
Mount Vernon[citation needed] Baltimore
Bolton Hill[citation needed] Baltimore
Massachusetts
Jamaica Plain Boston
South End Boston
Central Square Cambridge
Davis Square Somerville
Northampton Hampshire County
Provincetown Barnstable County
Michigan
Kerrytown Ann Arbor
Ferndale Oakland County
Saugatuck Saugatuck
Heritage Hill Grand Rapids
Palmer Park Detroit
Minnesota
Downtown Duluth Duluth [54]
Loring Park Minneapolis [55]
Nordeast Arts District Minneapolis [56][57]
North Loop Minneapolis [58]
Pine City Pine County [59][60][61]
Powderhorn Park Minneapolis [62]
Uptown Minneapolis [62]
Missouri
Westport Kansas City
The Grove St. Louis
Central West End St. Louis
Soulard St. Louis
South Grand, Tower Grove Park St. Louis
Nebraska
Old Market Omaha [64]
Nevada
McNeil Estates Las Vegas
Fruit Loop Las Vegas [65]
New Hampshire
Somersworth Strafford County [66]
New Jersey
Asbury Park Monmouth County
Atlantic City Atlantic County
Cape May Cape May County
Collingswood Camden County
Highland Park Middlesex County
Hoboken Hudson County
Jersey City Hudson County
Kingston Middlesex County
Lambertville Hunterdon County
Maplewood Essex County
Mill Hill (Trenton) Mercer County
Montclair Essex County
New Brunswick Middlesex County
Ocean Grove Monmouth County
Plainfield Union County
Rahway Union County
South Orange Essex County
New York
Chelsea New York City (Manhattan)
Christopher Street, West Village/Greenwich Village New York City (Manhattan)
Hell's Kitchen New York City (Manhattan)
Inwood New York City (Manhattan)
Washington Heights New York City (Manhattan)
Park Slope New York City (Brooklyn)
Hudson Heights New York City (Manhattan)
Jackson Heights New York City (Queens)
Nyack Rockland County
Cherry Grove Suffolk County
Fire Island Pines Suffolk County
Hudson Columbia County
Ithaca Tompkins County
Allentown Buffalo
Park Avenue Rochester
South Wedge Rochester
Hawley-Green Historic District Syracuse
Lark Street Albany
North Carolina
Asheville Buncombe County
Carrboro Orange County
NoDa Arts District Charlotte [67]
Plaza-Midwood Charlotte
South End Charlotte
Historic District Wilmington
Ohio
Highland Square Akron
Northside Cincinnati
Detroit-Shoreway Cleveland
Lakewood Suburb of Cleveland
Ohio City Cleveland
Tremont Cleveland
Clintonville Columbus
The Short North Columbus
Olde Towne East Columbus
Victorian Village Columbus
Italian Village Columbus
German Village Columbus
Oklahoma
N.W. 39th Street Oklahoma City
Brady Arts District Tulsa
Oregon
Old Town Portland, Oregon
Burnside Triangle Portland, Oregon
Pennsylvania
Capitol District Harrisburg
East Passyunk Crossing Philadelphia [68][69][70]
Midtown Harrisburg
New Hope Bucks County
Shadyside Pittsburgh
Squirrel Hill Pittsburgh
Manchester Pittsburgh
Mexican War Streets Pittsburgh
Washington Square West (a.k.a. The Gayborhood) Philadelphia
West Mount Airy[71] Philadelphia
United States Territory of Puerto Rico
Condado San Juan
South Carolina
Peninsula Charleston
Tennessee
Midtown Memphis
Texas
Lakewood Dallas
Oak Lawn Dallas
Bishop Arts District Dallas
Montrose Houston
Midtown San Antonio [72]
Travis Heights Austin
Warehouse District Austin
Galveston Galveston County [73][74]
Denton Denton County
Utah
The Avenues Salt Lake City
Vermont
Burlington, Vermont [75]
Virginia
Ghent Norfolk
23rd St (Aurora Highlands) Arlington
Lake Anna Lake Anna [76]
Carytown Richmond
Washington
Capitol Hill Seattle
West Virginia
East End Charleston
Wisconsin
Walker's Point Milwaukee

References

  1. ^ Lauria, Mickey and Lawrence Knopp 1985. "Toward an Analysis of the Role of Gay Communities in the Urban Renaissance" Urban Geography 6(2): 152-169.
  2. ^ "Tips for Gay and Lesbian Travelers in Buenos Aires | Frommer's". Frommers.com. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  3. ^ "The Gay Street of Rio de Janeiro is the Rua Frame de Amoedo". Ipanema.com. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  4. ^ "The Gay Street of São Paulo is the Rua Frei Caneca". Obaoba.uol.com.br. Archived from the original on 2011-08-23. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  5. ^ "Cool Canada". OutTraveler. 2007-04-04. Retrieved 2015-12-26.
  6. ^ "Société de Développement Commercial du Village". Un monde, un village. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  7. ^ "Sainte-Catherine Street for pedestrians". Aires Libres. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  8. ^ GoMontrealLiving.com - Web Site & Graphics Design (2012-05-04). "MONTREAL GAY VILLAGE GO Montreal Discover Areas Gay Village". Go-montreal.com. Archived from the original on 2008-03-28. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  9. ^ Citizen, Ottawa (2007-08-23). "Mayor offers olive branch to city's gay community". Canada.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-06. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  10. ^ Pratka, Ruby. "Capital Xtra - What about the gaybourhood?". Xtra.ca. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  11. ^ "The Village official Web site". Villageottawa.com. Archived from the original on 2013-11-12. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  12. ^ "Toronto Pronto - Map of the Village". Gaytorontotourism.com. Archived from the original on 2016-01-18. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  13. ^ "Tourism Toronto". Torontotourism.com. Archived from the original on 2008-09-07. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  14. ^ "Tourism Toronto | The Gay Village". Queer West. Archived from the original on 2013-11-14. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  15. ^ Vancouver's West End The Gay Village Archived March 4, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ "Travel: Edmonton, Canada". Ukgaynews.org.uk. Archived from the original on 2012-06-17. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  17. ^ vancouver.htm Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ a b "Huaihai Road Gay and Lesbian Scene Map by Utopia". www.utopia-asia.com. Retrieved 2016-10-02.
  19. ^ "Gay Map Paris - Marais © Patroc". www.patroc.com. Retrieved 2019-04-14.
  20. ^ Collins, Simon Collins, Simon (6 September 2006). "It's true - Ponsonby really is NZ's gay capital" – via www.nzherald.co.nz.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  21. ^ "Time Out Lisboa". Timeout.sapo.pt. Archived from the original on 2014-02-22. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  22. ^ [1]
  23. ^ a b "Taipei Gay Bars, Cabaret, Clubs, Discos, Drag, Karaoke and Nightlife Information in Taiwan by Utopia Asia 大同". www.utopia-asia.com. Retrieved 2016-10-02.
  24. ^ gaybrum.com Archived July 29, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  25. ^ BBC - Birmingham - Your Community Archived July 17, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ NTD Internet Solutions Ltd. "Gay Brighton and Hove, Gay Village, Gay Guide". Gay.brighton.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  27. ^ "Brighton venue issues apology over homophobic performer- from Pink News- all the latest gay news from the gay community". Pink News. Archived from the original on 2008-12-04. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  28. ^ GAY.COM: Gay Dating, Personals, News, Local Events and Information Archived 2007-05-28 at the Wayback Machine
  29. ^ Else, David (2007), England (4 ed.), Lonely Planet, p. 219, ISBN 978-1-74104-567-3
  30. ^ "Bristol Community - Local - News - Events - Information - Updates". www.bristol-lgb-forum.org.uk.
  31. ^ "Leeds Gay Scene". Leeds-uk.com. 2007-11-21. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  32. ^ "Soho London - Local information for Soho London, Soho Restaurants and Bars". Viewlondon.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  33. ^ John Moss. "Gay Manchester and Manchester Gay Village". Manchester2002-uk.com. Archived from the original on 2013-10-14. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  34. ^ GAY.COM: Gay Dating, Personals, News, Local Events and Information Archived 2007-06-30 at the Wayback Machine
  35. ^ Picard, David; Robinson, Mike (2006), Festivals, tourism and social change: remaking worlds, Channel View Publications, p. 244, ISBN 978-1-84541-047-6
  36. ^ Taylor, Ian R.; Evans, Karen; Fraser, Penny (1996), A tale of two cities: global change, local feeling and everyday life in the North of England : a study in Manchester and Sheffield, Routledge, p. 180, ISBN 978-0-415-13828-4
  37. ^ Newcastle Gay Archived May 14, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  38. ^ Scene Map | Newcastle Archived September 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  39. ^ Chatterton, Paul; Hollands, Robert (2003), Urban nightscapes: youth cultures, pleasure spaces and corporate power, Routledge, p. 167, ISBN 978-0-415-28345-8
  40. ^ Davenport, Fionn; Beech, Charlotte; Downs, Tom; Hannigan, Des (2006), Ireland (7 ed.), Lonely Planet, p. 580, ISBN 978-1-74059-968-9
  41. ^ Shelby, Barry (2008), Frommer's Edinburgh & Glasgow (3 ed.), Frommer's, p. 55, ISBN 978-0-470-37184-8
  42. ^ Murphy, Alan; Ford, Rebecca (2002), Footprint Glasgow Handbook: The Travel Guide, Footprint Travel Guides, p. 19, ISBN 978-1-903471-24-1, There are plenty of pubs, clubs and cafes to choose from, many of them downtown at the gay village in the Merchant City.
  43. ^ Susan Flockhart (Mar 7, 1999), Glasgow's queer streets, Sunday Herald - Glasgow (UK), What gives Glasgow the edge is the quality of its gay venues and the fact that many of them are owned by one man, an entrepreneur with a mission to develop the gay village concept in Glasgow - who happens to be straight.
  44. ^ King of the city, The Caterer, 26 July 2001, With Delmonicas and now Café Latte and the Polo Lounge next door, King has given Glasgow its first gay village.
  45. ^ Merchant City also hosts the Glasgay! Festival.
  46. ^ merchantcityglasgow.com Archived 2009-10-24 at the Wayback Machine promotes the Merchant City area as of special gay interest as most of Glasgow's gay venues are located there.
  47. ^ "Get in the pink and party", The Independent, 17 August 1997, ISBN 1-155-57914-3
  48. ^ Will the last gay bar in Laguna Beach please turn out the lights? - Los Angeles Times [dead link‍]
  49. ^ Sharkey, Betsy. "Which way, WeHo? - Los Angeles Times". Calendarlive.com. Archived from the original on 2011-06-17. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  50. ^ "Greater Palm Springs Pride". www.pspride.org.
  51. ^ South Florida Gay News, November 18, 2015, p. 44.
  52. ^ https://www.tripadvisor.com/ShowTopic-g34543-i127-k5787858-o30-Gay_friendly-Panama_City_Beach_Florida.html
  53. ^ "Home". Lexington Pride Festival. Archived from the original on 2016-05-05. Retrieved 2020-03-09.
  54. ^ https://www.gayrealestate.com/news/usa/minnesota/duluth/duluth-mn-live-in-a-comfortable-gay-friendly-community.html
  55. ^ "Where is the Minneapolis Gayborhood?". 2014-07-20.
  56. ^ "Meet Me in Minneapolis". 2017-02-12.
  57. ^ "Gayborhoods". 2008-01-04.
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  59. ^ "Welcome, Everyone, to Pine City".
  60. ^ "In Greater Minnesota, Census Bureau finds Pine City area to be the most gay". 2011-08-30.
  61. ^ "How gay is Minnesota? Really, really gay".
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  63. ^ "Gay Minneapolis 2019 Travel Guide - Hotels, Bars, & Events".
  64. ^ "Omaha Gay Bars in Old Market".
  65. ^ Totten, Kristy (2015-09-17). "How The Fruit Loop Came to Be". Las Vegas Weekly. Retrieved 2015-12-26.
  66. ^ PAT ROWLAND, MARY (2019-01-17). "NH's Rainbow City, Why Somersworth?". USA Today Network. Retrieved 2020-01-28.
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  68. ^ Colletta, Jen. Philadelphia Gay News, "Out on The Avenue: East Passyunk sees growth through LGBT businesses, residents". Accessed 12 October 2009.
  69. ^ Remo, Jessica. Philadelphia Magazine "Trends: Go South, Young Homo Archived 2010-06-08 at the Wayback Machine". Accessed 12 October 2009.
  70. ^ Phillygaycalendar.com, 28 April 2008, "Filling Our QOTA in the 'Gayborhood South". Accessed 12 October 2009.
  71. ^ "Delaware Valley Legacy Fund" (PDF). Dvlf.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-11-23. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  72. ^ "On the Town". QSanAntonio.com. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  73. ^ https://web.archive.org/web/20080708194448/http://www.gbmnews.com/articles/2407/1/More-gays-pick-Galveston-as-spot-to-live-and-relax/Page1.html. Archived from the original on July 8, 2008. Retrieved October 17, 2009. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  74. ^ "Galveston Packs It In | OUTTraveler.com | The Standard of Gay Travel". OUTTraveler.com. 2009-09-25. Archived from the original on 2012-02-26. Retrieved 2013-11-17.
  75. ^ "Pride Center of Vermont - Home". www.pridecentervt.org.
  76. ^ https://www.facebook.com/groups/148228362516203/?ref=share. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
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