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Brčko District

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Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brčko Distrikt Bosne i Hercegovine
Distrikt Brčko Bosne i Hercegovine
Брчко дистрикт Босне и Херцеговине
Location of Brčko in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Location of Brčko in Bosnia and Herzegovina
CountryBosnia and Herzegovina
Established by Final Arbitration Decision5 March 1999
Government
 • MayorAnto Domić (HDZ BiH)
 • President of the District AssemblyĐorđa Kojić (SNSD)
 • International Supervisor (Suspended)Roderick W. Moore
Area
 • Total493 km2 (173 sq mi)
Population
 (1991)
 • Total87,332
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
76100
Area code(+387) 49
WebsiteOfficial Web Site,
Official District Assembly Website
Official District Prosecutor Web Site
Map of the District
Dayton boundary lines before the formation of Brčko District

Brčko District (pronounced [br̩̂t͡ʃkɔː]; Template:Lang-bs; Croatian: Distrikt Brčko; Template:Lang-sr) in northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina is a neutral, self-governing administrative unit, under the sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is formally part of both BiH entities, the Republika Srpska, and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The seat of the district is the city of Brčko.

History

Brčko District was established after an arbitration process undertaken by the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to Dayton Peace Accords however, the process could only arbitrate the disputed portion of the Inter-Entity Boundary Line (IEBL).[1] The Brčko District was formed of the entire territory of the former Brčko municipality, of which 48% (including Brčko city) was in the Republika Srpska, while 52% was in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. After the war, the EU has maintained a diplomatic peace-keeping presence in the area.

In 2006 under the Supervisory Order all "Entity legislation in Brčko District and the IEBL" were abolished. The ruling made by the Brčko Supervisor Susan Johnson abolishes all Entity Laws in the District also abolishes the Entity Border Line. The ruling makes the Laws of the District and the Laws of the State of Bosnia and Herzegovina (including the laws of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina) paramount within the District.[2]

Brčko was the only element in the Dayton Peace Agreement which was not finalized. The arbitration agreement was finalized in March 1999 resulting in a "district" as mentioned above which was to be administrated by Principal Deputy High Representative who is also ex officio the Brčko International Supervisor.

Following PIC meeting on 23 May 2012, it was decided to suspend, not terminate, the mandate of Brčko International Supervisor. Brčko Arbitral Tribunal, together with the suspended Brčko Supervision, will still continue to exist.[3]

The first Brčko International Supervisor arrived in April 1997. Prior to that time, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) had a modest office headed by Randolph Hampton. During the interim time before the District of Brčko could be represented post arbitration agreement, local elections were held, humanitarian relief was provided with cooperation from USAID and ECHO. The District became known as a center for different state building programs run by foreign governments, particularly the United States. For a history of Brčko District since the end of the Bosnian war in 1995, see Matthew Parish, A Free City in the Balkans: Reconstructing a Divided Society in Bosnia (I.B.Tauris 2009).

Population

1971 census

According to 1971 census Municipality of Brčko had 74,771 inhabitants, including:

1981 census

According to 1981 census Municipality of Brčko had 82,768 inhabitants, including:

  • Bosniaks - 32,434 (39.19%)
  • Croats - 23,975 (28.97%)
  • Serbs - 16,707 (20.18%)
  • Yugoslavs - 8,342 (10.08%)
  • others - 1,310 (1.58%)

1991 census

According to 1991 census Municipality of Brčko had 87,627 inhabitants, including:

  • Bosniaks - 38,617 (44.07%)
  • Croats - 22,252 (25.39%)
  • Serbs - 18,128 (20.69%)
  • Yugoslavs - 5,731 (6.54%)
  • others - 2,899 (3.31%)

Since 1991, there has been no official census conducted.

  • Ethnic structure of Brcko by settlements 1961.
    Ethnic structure of Brcko by settlements 1961.
  • Ethnic structure of Brcko by settlements 1971.
    Ethnic structure of Brcko by settlements 1971.
  • Ethnic structure of Brcko by settlements 1981.
    Ethnic structure of Brcko by settlements 1981.
  • Ethnic structure of Brcko by settlements 1991.
    Ethnic structure of Brcko by settlements 1991.
  • Ethnic structure of Brcko by settlements 2001.
    Ethnic structure of Brcko by settlements 2001.

Government and politics

There are 29 seats in the Assembly of the Brčko District. The seats are divided as follows:[4]

By party:

By ethnicity:

By gender:

  • 26 men
  • 3 women

Settlements

See also

Notable people

References

  1. ^ Dayton Agreement, Annex 2, Article V
  2. ^ Supervisory Order Abolishes Entity Legislation, Ends Legal Significance of IEBL in Brčko District
  3. ^ Press Conference Following the Meeting of the Steering Board of the Peace implementation Council on 23/5/2012
  4. ^ GRAFIČKI PRIKAZ SALE SKUPŠTINE BRČKO DISTRIKTA BIH
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