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General Directorate for Internal Security

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General Directorate for Internal Security
Direction générale de la sécurité intérieure
Agency overview
FormedMay 12, 2014 (2014-05-12)
JurisdictionFrench Ministry of the Interior
Headquarters84 Rue de Villiers, Levallois-Perret, France
Employees> 3,300
Annual budget€300 million
Minister responsible
Agency executive
Websitewww.interieur.gouv.fr

The General Directorate for Internal Security (Template:Lang-fr, DGSI) is a French intelligence agency. It is charged with counter-espionage, counter-terrorism, countering cybercrime and surveillance of potentially threatening groups, organisations, and social phenomena.

The agency was created in 2008 under the name Central Directorate of Interior Intelligence (Template:Lang-fr, DCRI), merging the direction centrale des Renseignements généraux (RG) and the direction de la surveillance du territoire (DST) of the French National Police. It acquired its current name in 2014, with a small structural shift: contrary to the DCRI which was part of the National Police, the DGSI reports directly to the Ministry of the Interior.[1]

The DGSI is headed by General Director Patrick Calvar.[2][3] The agency is informally known as the "RG", a nickname formerly used for the Direction centrale des renseignements généraux which merged into it.

History

Direction centrale du renseignement intérieur (DCRI)

The fusion of the RG and the DST into the Direction centrale du renseignement intérieur (DCRI) was a wish held by Nicolas Sarkozy when he was France's Minister of the Interior.[citation needed] The change was officially launched by the Council of Ministers on 20 June 2007, shortly after the election of Sarkozy as President. Minister of the Interior Michèle Alliot-Marie,[4] however, was reputedly reluctant regarding this fusion and ordered the General Director of the Police Nationale, Frédéric Péchenard, to undertake a study of the proposal.[5]

The creation of DCRI was announced on 13 September 2007 by Alliot-Marie. The founding texts of the DCRI were adopted 7 April 2008, to become effective 1 July 2008.[citation needed]

A fraction of the former functionaries of the Renseignement général (General Intelligence, RG) were brought in from the Sub-Direction of General Information (SDIG) from the Central Direction of Public Security, represented in the departments of metropolitan France and in its overseas territories by the departmental services of General Information, in the care of the departmental directorates of Public Security.[6]

Bernard Squarcini, director of DST, was named head of the DCRI in 2008.[7] He was assisted from the outset by two central adjunct directors, René Bailly, former functionary of the RG, and Patrick Calvar, former functionary of the DST. René Bailly then left the DCRI in the month of June 2009 to take leadership of the new direction of intelligence of the Paris police (DRPP),[citation needed] Patrick Calvar named director of intelligence of ectrenal security(DGSE) is replaced in his post at the beginning of 2010 by Frédéric Veaux, until then sub-director of the Central Direction of the Judicial Police.[citation needed]

One of the first media appearances of the new DCRI was the arrest of Julien Coupat in the context of the "Tarnac Affair".

In December 2008, the leadership of the DCRI made priority of surveilling an impending plot orchestrated by an Islamist in the region of Paris.[citation needed]

By a decree of May 31, 2012, Patrick Calvar, former adjunct operational director of the DCRI and director of intelligence at the DGSE since 2009, was named central director of interior intelligence, replacing Squarcini.[8][9][10]

Direction générale de la Sécurité intérieure (DGSI)

Along with the change in majority politics in spring 2012, the executive and legislative powers sought to re-assess the role of the DCRI. In May 2013, a parliamentary report on the intelligence services was presented by the deputy PS Jean-Jacques Urvoas and his colleague UMP Patrice Verchère.[11] The report was critical of the DCRI's functioning and particularly the treatment of the tueries de mars 2012 à Toulouse et Montauban. On June 17, 2012, the Minister of the Interior Manuel Valls announced a reform pertinent to French domestic intelligence. This reform was officialised by the decree no. 2014-445 from April 30, 2014, which started vigorously on May 12, 2014. The DCRI became the "direction générale de la Sécurité intérieure" (DGSI), is no longer situated under the authority of the direction générale de la Police nationale but under that of the Minister of the Interior, with more authority. The DGSI preserved the connections of its operatives, who required contractors (engineers, programmers, linguists)[12][13][14] Patrick Calvar est confirmé dans ses fonctions.[15]

Controversy

In April 2013, the French Wikipedia article on the military radio station of Pierre-sur-Haute attracted attention after the DCRI attempted to have the article removed from the French Wikipedia. The Wikimedia Foundation asked the intelligence agency what precise part(s) of the article were a problem in the eyes of the intelligence agency. The DCRI refused to give these details, and repeated its demand for total deletion of the article.

The Wikimedia Foundation refused to delete the article, and the DCRI pressured an administrator[16][17][18] of the French language Wikipedia and resident of France, into removing the article.[19]

According to a statement by the Wikimedia Foundation, "The DCRI summoned a Wikipedia volunteer in their offices on April 4th [2013]. This volunteer, which was one of those having access to the tools that allow the deletion of pages, was forced to delete the article while in the DCRI offices, on the understanding that he would have been held in custody and prosecuted if he did not comply. Under pressure, he had no other choice than to delete the article, despite explaining to the DCRI this is not how Wikipedia works. He warned the other sysops that trying to undelete the article would engage their responsibility before the law. This volunteer had no link with that article, having never edited it and not even knowing of its existence before entering the DCRI offices. He was chosen and summoned because he was easily identifiable, given his regular promotional actions of Wikipedia and Wikimedia projects in France."

Later, the article was restored by other Wikipedia contributors.[20][21][22][23] The French Ministry of the Interior told Agence France-Presse that for the moment it did not wish to comment on the incident.[24]

See also

References

  1. ^ Réforme du renseignement : Manuel Valls choisit la continuité. Le Monde, 17 June 2013.
  2. ^ "La ministre de l'intérieur présente le nouveau visage des services de renseignement français", Le Monde, 13 September 2007
  3. ^ "La réorganisation des services de renseignement", official website of the French Ministry of the Interior, 13 September 2007
  4. ^ ministère français de l'intérieur, ed. (13 September 2007). "Discours de la ministre française de l'intérieur du 17 septembre 2007". Retrieved 10 April 2013..
  5. ^ [1] NouvelObs, 23 août 2007.
  6. ^ Polloni, Camille (27 July 2012). "Grosse déprime des ex-RG, "pestiférés" du renseignement français". Rue89. Retrieved 1 September 2012. {{cite journal}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |jour= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help).
  7. ^ "Décret du 2 juillet 2008 portant nomination d'un directeur des services actifs de la police nationale - M. Squarcini (Bernard)"..
  8. ^ L'Express, ed. (30 May 2012). "Patrick Calvar, un homme de renseignement à la tête de la DCRI". Retrieved 30 May 2012.
  9. ^ "Décret du 31 mai 2012 portant cessation de fonctions du directeur central du renseignement intérieur et portant nomination d'un préfet hors cadre - M. Squarcini (Bernard)"..
  10. ^ "Décret du 31 mai 2012 portant nomination du directeur central du renseignement intérieur - M. Calvar (Patrick)"..
  11. ^ "Évaluation du cadre juridique applicable aux services de renseignement". Assemblée nationale..
  12. ^ "Décret 2014-445 from April 30 relative to the missions and to the organisation of the DGSI".
  13. ^ AFP et Le Figaro, ed. (17 June 2013). "Valls réorganise le renseignement"..
  14. ^ Laurent Borredon (17 June 2013). Le Monde (ed.). "Réforme du renseignement : Manuel Valls choisit la continuité"..
  15. ^ "Décret du 7 mai 2014 portant nomination du directeur général de la Sécurité intérieure - M. CALVAR (Patrick)"..
  16. ^ "Wikipedia:Administrators". English Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation. April 5, 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  17. ^ "Wikipédia:Administrateur". French Wikipedia (in French). Wikimedia Foundation. March 28, 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  18. ^ "Journal des modifications de droits d'utilisateurs". French Wikipedia (in French). Wikimedia Foundation. October 18, 2007. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  19. ^ Kleinz, Torsten (April 6, 2013). "Französischer Geheimdienst verlangt Löschung eines Wikipedia-Artikels". Heise Online (in German). Heise. Retrieved 5 April 2013.
  20. ^ "French homeland intelligence threatens a volunteer sysop to delete a Wikipedia Article". Wikimédia France. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
  21. ^ La DCRI accusée d'avoir illégalement forcé la suppression d'un article de Wikipédia Le Monde, 6 April 2013 Template:Fr icon
  22. ^ "French Intelligence Agency Forces Removal of Wikipedia Entry". Slashdot. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
  23. ^ "La DCRI menace un administrateur de Wikipédia pour supprimer un article" (in French). Wikimédia France. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
  24. ^ "La DCRI accusée d'avoir fait supprimer un article sur Wikipedia" (in French). Agence France-Presse. 6 April 2013.
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