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Jorhat

Coordinates: 26°45′N 94°13′E / 26.75°N 94.22°E / 26.75; 94.22
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This article is about the municipality in India. For its namesake district, see Jorhat district.

Jorhat
City
Clockwise from top: Sukapha Samannay Kshetra, night view of Gar-Ali, National Institute of Design, Millennium Park, Kaziranga University and Bhogdoi bridge
Clockwise from top: Sukapha Samannay Kshetra, night view of Gar-Ali, National Institute of Design, Millennium Park, Kaziranga University and Bhogdoi bridge
Nickname: 
City Of Cultural Capital
Jorhat is located in Assam
Jorhat
Jorhat
Location in Assam
Jorhat is located in India
Jorhat
Jorhat
Jorhat (India)
Coordinates: 26°45′N 94°13′E / 26.75°N 94.22°E / 26.75; 94.22
CountryIndia
StateAssam
RegionUpper Assam
DistrictJorhat
Zone3 (Central, East & West)
No. Of Wards19
Established1909
Government
 • TypeMunicipality
 • BodyJorhat Municipal Board
 • Deputy CommissionerSri Ashok Kumar Barman, IAS
 • Superintendent Of PoliceSri Ankur Jain, IPS
Area
[1][2]
 • Total72.8 km2 (28.1 sq mi)
Elevation
116 m (381 ft)
Population
 • Total153,736
 • Density2,100/km2 (5,500/sq mi)
DemonymJorhatian
Time zoneUTC+5:30 (IST)
PIN
7850XX
Telephone code0376
Vehicle registrationAS-03
Sex Ratio951 ♀️/ 1000 ♂️
ClimateCwa
Official LanguageAssamese
Literacy RateIncrease 90.01% high
Lok Sabha ConstituencyJorhat
Vidhan Sabha ConstituencyJorhat, Titabar, Mariani, Teok
Websitejorhat.assam.gov.in

Jorhat (/ˈdʒɔːrhɑːt/ ⓘ JOR-haht) is one of the important cities and a growing urban centre in the state of Assam in India.[3][4][5]

Etymology

Jorhat ("jor" means twin and "hat" means market) means two hats or mandis - "Masorhaat" and "Sowkihat" which existed on the opposite banks of the Bhugdoi river.

History

See also: Timeline of Jorhat

Jorhat was the last capital of the Ahom Kingdom, as a planned town under royal patronage. It is often spelt as "Jorehaut" during the British reign. In 1794, the Ahom King Gaurinath Singha shifted the capital from Sivasagar, erstwhile Rangpur to Jorhat. Many tanks were built around the capital city by the Ahom royalty such as Rajmao Pukhuri or Borpukhuri, Buragohain Pukhuri, Bolia Gohain Pukhuri, Kotoki Pukhuri and Mitha Pukhuri. This town was a flourishing and commercial metropolis but was destroyed by a series of Burmese invasion of Assam between 1817 and the arrival of the British force in 1824 under the stewardship of David Scott and Captain Richard.[6]

From the very first decade of the British rule, revolutionaries like Gomdhar Konwar, Dhananjay Borgohain, Jeuram Dihingia Baruah , and Peuli Phukan emerged. The British system of administration came into vogue in the year 1839 with an established Police Thana. During the great Sepoy Mutiny, Maniram Dewan and Piyali Barua were publicly hanged here in 1858.

In 1885, a narrow-gauge railway, Jorehaut Provincial Railway, became operational. In time, this contributed to the rapid growth of the tea industry.[7]

Geography

Jorhat is located at 26°45′N 94°13′E / 26.75°N 94.22°E / 26.75; 94.22.[8] It has an average elevation of 116 metres (381 feet).

The municipality covers an area of 9 square kilometres (3.5 sq mi),[2] has 19 wards with a population of about 1.53 lakhs at present, with 72.8 square kilometres (28.1 sq mi) for master plan area.[9] The district spreads over 2,851 square kilometres (1,101 sq mi) and had a population of 870,000 according to a 1991 census. Population density at that time was 306 persons per square kilometre (793/sq mi). The sex ratio is 913 (913 females per 1000 males).

Demographics

Jorhat Municipal Board (covering the out growth area) had a population of 1,26,736 as of the 2011 census.[10]

The average literacy rate of Jorhat in 2011 was 91.39%. Gender-wise, male and female literacy were 93.63% and 88.99% respectively, which is one of the highest in the state. The total literates in Jorhat were 182,600 of which male and female were 96,806 and 85,794 respectively.

Jorhat's sex ratio stood at 935 females per 1000 males, according to the Census 2011 Directorate.

Hindus were 87.49% of the population, while Muslims were 10.50% and Christians 0.62% of the population respectively.[11]

Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes are 6.40% and 1.84% of the population respectively.[10]

Languages

Assamese is the predominant language and is spoken by 70.08% of the population, while Bengali was spoken by 12.27%. Hindi (11.60%) and Bhojpuri (1.01%) are spoken by migrants from the Gangetic plains, such as traders and labourers. Other small languages in the city include Marwari, Sadri, Santali, Sora and Odia which in total are spoken by 5.04% of the population.[12]

Culture

Jorhat has contributed in the fields of arts, culture and tradition of the contemporary Assamese society. In 1896, Jorhat Theatre was established to perform cultural activities and dramas by some renowned people of the town. The Chandrakanta Handique Bhawan, the headquarters of Asam Sahitya Sabha was established in 1926. Jorhat has produced creative writers, historians and journalists. Birendra Kumar Bhattacharya, the first Assamese to win India's highest literature award, the Jnanpith Award, was from Jorhat.[13]

Media

The daily newspapers which have Jorhat editions include Dainik Janambhumi, Amar Asom, Dainik Agradoot and Asomiya Khabar in Assamese, the Purbanchal Prohori in Hindi and The Telegraph in English. The Eastern Clarion was the first English daily published in the city, but it was ceased. Apart from the dailies, weekly newspapers including Saptahik Janambhumi are also published in Jorhat. City Guide of Jorhat was the first yellow pages, published in July 1987. The first online yellow pages of Jorhatmycity [1] was initiated in January 2013. Jorhat has a radio broadcast station of All India Radio (AIR) located in the outskirts of the city at Garmur.

District Court

District & Sessions Judge Court, Jorhat

The District & Sessions Judge Upper Assam District Jorhat was created on 15 November 1948 and has been made permanent w.e.f the 1 April 1953. The first roll of honor of District & Sessions Judge of Assam Valley, Upper Assam Districts, Jorhat District was Mr. S.K Das, MA, BL. Presently, the territorial jurisdiction of the District is extended over 2(two) sub-divisions namely Majuli Sub-Division and Titabar Sub-Division. Altogether, the District & Sessions Judge and the Chief Judicial Magistrate comprise 15 courts manned by Judicial Officers of various grades. The District & Sessions Judge together with the Chief Judicial Magistrate Court Complex, Jorhat is situated in the heart of the city. The Present District & Sessions Judge as the head of the establishment is Shri Mridul Kumar Kalita. The present Chief Judicial Magistrate, Jorhat, the head of all the Criminal Courts is Sri Vijay Kumar Singh.[14][15]

Transport

Air

Jorhat Airport (JRH), commonly known as Rowriah Airport, is located at Rowriah, which is within the city itself, approximately seven kilometres (4.3 mi) from the city centre. The airport has daily flights connectivity operated by IndiGo to Kolkata, New Delhi and Guwahati. It is controlled by the Airports Authority of India.

Rail

The first rail connectivity of Jorhat began in the British era. In 1885, Jorehaut Provincial Railway, a narrow-gauge railway services became operational and it contributed to the growth of the tea industry in Upper Assam.

Jorhat is served by Jorhat Town railway station[16] which lies on the Furkating-Jorhat-Mariani branch line of Tinsukia railway division. Mariani Junction railway station,[17] the major railway junction of the district is about 18 km (11 mi) from Jorhat. It falls in the Lumding-Dibrugarh section and is well connected to all the large cities of the country by long-distance express trains.

Road

The Inter State Bus Terminus (ISBT) of Jorhat is at Kotokipukhuri, Tarajan. It provides connectivity to elsewhere in the state and the Northeast with regular buses from ASTC and private operators. Auto-rickshaws, local cabs and rickshaws are the main mode of public transport within the city.

Waterways

The daily ferry services connect the Nimati ghat with Kamalabari in Majuli. The Neamati multimodal waterways terminal on Brahmaputra National Waterway 2 in Jorhat district is part of the Bharatmala and Sagarmala projects.[18] There are 19 National Waterways for the Northeast connectivity.

Education and research institutions

Research institutes

Main entrance of Rain Forest Research Institute

Universities

Main entrance of Assam Agricultural University

Technical institutes

Design institute

Medical institutes

Training institute

  • Institute of Advanced Studies in Education, Jorhat [31]

Colleges

Jagannath Barooah College

Junior Colleges

  • Luit Valley Academy [40]
  • NKEM Science Academy Junior College[41]

Schools

Sports

The multipurpose Jorhat Stadium, which is the oldest stadium of Assam, established in 1950.[52] It has hosted many Ranji Trophy matches. The historic football tournament ATPA Shield held every year in this venue. Professional football club Jorhat Town Club uses the stadium as their home ground.[53]

Politics

Jorhat is part of Jorhat (Lok Sabha constituency).[54] Bharatiya Janata Party's Topon Kumar Gogoi the current Member of Parliament serving the 17th Lok Sabha from Jorhat, Assam. While Hitendra Nath Goswami of BJP is the incumbent MLA from Jorhat assembly constituency.[55]

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ Ministry of Home Affairs Directorate of Census Operations, Assam (2011). "District Primary: District Primary Census Abstract 0117 Jorhat: Urban". 1813 Part B District Census Handbook (DCHB) Jorhat (PDF) (Report) (PART XII-B ed.). Assam: Census of India 2011. p. 24. 1813. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  2. ^ a b "Jorhat Municipal Board, Functions of Jorhat Municipality".
  3. ^ http://niti.gov.in/writereaddata/files/Assam-reports.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  4. ^ "Jorhat Lok Sabha Election Results 2019- Jorhat Parliamentary Constituency, Winning MP and Party Name".
  5. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 December 2017. Retrieved 9 July 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ^ "History of Jorhat". www.jorhatonline.in. Retrieved 8 November 2022.
  7. ^ "NFR History". NF Railway. Archived from the original on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 5 April 2014.
  8. ^ "redirect to /world/IN/03/Jorhat.html". fallingrain.com.
  9. ^ "Jorhat Info".
  10. ^ a b "District Census 2011 - Jorhat" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  11. ^ "C-16 Population By Religion - Assam". censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India. 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  12. ^ "C-16 Population By Mother Tongue - Town Level". censusindia.gov.in. Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  13. ^ "Bhattacharya, Birendrakumar" in Amaresh Datta, ed., Encyclopaedia of Indian literature vol. 1 (Sahitya Akademi, 1987), ISBN 978-81-260-1803-1, p. 482 (excerpt available at Google Books).
  14. ^ "Jorhat Court Recruitment".
  15. ^ "Jorhat District & Sessions Court".
  16. ^ "JTTN/Jorhat Town". India Rail Info.
  17. ^ "MXN/Mariani Junction". India Rail Info.
  18. ^ Bharatmala presentation
  19. ^ "Central Muga Eri Research and Training Institute (C.M.E.R. & T.I.) Lahdoigarh, Jorhat Assam". cmerti.res.in.
  20. ^ "Particulars of I.G.M.R.I.(FS), Jorhat, its functions and duties". Indian Grain Storage and Research Institute, Jorhat. Archived from the original on 13 January 2008. Retrieved 18 November 2015.
  21. ^ "ONGC :: Our Initiatives :: Institutes :: I.N.B.I.G.S." Ongcindia.com. Archived from the original on 28 August 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
  22. ^ "ONGC ::Bilingual-Home". Ongcindia.com. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
  23. ^ toonworks business solution (1 January 2004). "Welcome NEIST". Rrljorhat.res.in. Retrieved 17 August 2012. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  24. ^ "Tocklai". tocklai.net.
  25. ^ "Kaziranga University : A 21st Century Career University with a focus on research in emerging areas of Science, Technology and Management". kazirangauniversity.in.
  26. ^ a b "Jorhat Institute of Science and Technology". jistassam.in. Archived from the original on 28 January 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
  27. ^ "About NEIMS". neimscollege.com. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  28. ^ "NID Assam (Jorhat)". Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  29. ^ Webx. "Welcome to Jorhat Medical college". Archived from the original on 22 March 2010.
  30. ^ "Dr. Jiba Kanta Saikia Homoeopathic Medical college and hospital".
  31. ^ "Institute of Advanced Studies in Education, Jorhat". Retrieved 1 July 2021.
  32. ^ "Welcome to Bahona College". Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 23 August 2014.
  33. ^ "CKB Commerce College". ckbcc.org. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
  34. ^ "D.C.B. Girls College, Jorhat, Asssam". dcbgirlscollegejorhat.org. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
  35. ^ "Welcome to J B College". Jagannath Barooah College. Archived from the original on 24 April 2012. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
  36. ^ http://www.jorhatcollege.org.in Archived 9 July 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  37. ^ "Jorhat Law College, Jorhat, Assam, India- BA LLB, LLB, LLM". jorhatlawcollege.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2016. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
  38. ^ "Kakojan College, Kakojan".
  39. ^ "Dr. Nobin Bordoloi College". dr.nobinbordoloicollege.com. Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  40. ^ "About LUIT VALLEY ACADEMY". Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  41. ^ "About NKEM Institute". Retrieved 15 May 2021.
  42. ^ "Carmel School, Jorhat". Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  43. ^ "About Delhi Public School Jorhat-Assam". Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  44. ^ "Don Bosco Hr. Sec. School – Baghchung, Jorhat". dbsjorhat.org.
  45. ^ "About JNV Jorhat". navodaya.gov.in. Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  46. ^ http://www.sankardevseminary.org Archived 2 February 2014 at the Wayback Machine
  47. ^ "Group". Retrieved 16 May 2021.
  48. ^ http://www.dongme.ning.com Archived 9 April 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  49. ^ "Kendriya Vidyalaya, AFS Jorhat". Kvafsjorhat.org. Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
  50. ^ "Kendriya Vidyalaya N E I S T (RR L) Jorhat". Kvrrljorhat.org. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
  51. ^ "Kendriya Vidyalaya ONGC Jorhat". Kvongcjorhat.org. Retrieved 17 August 2012.
  52. ^ "Sports in Jorhat". jorhatonline.in. Retrieved 7 November 2022.
  53. ^ "Sports Venues". assam.gov.in. Retrieved 17 September 2022.
  54. ^ "List of Parliamentary & Assembly Constituencies" (PDF). Assam. Election Commission of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 May 2006. Retrieved 6 October 2008.
  55. ^ "Jorhat (Assam) Election Results 2016". Election.in. Retrieved 19 May 2016.
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