List of World Heritage Sites in Indonesia

The UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) has designated 8 World Heritage Sites in Indonesia.

Selection is based on ten criteria: six for cultural heritage (i–vi) and four for natural heritage (vii–x). Some sites, designated "mixed sites," represent both cultural and natural heritage. In Indonesia, there are 4 cultural, 4 natural, and no mixed sites.

The World Heritage Committee may also specify that a site is endangered, citing "conditions which threaten the very characteristics for which a property was inscribed on the World Heritage List." Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra.

Location of sites

Borobudur

Cultural Landscape of Bali

Komodo National Park

Lorentz National Park

Prambanan

Sangiran Early Man Site

Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra

Ujung Kulon National Park

Location of World Heritage Sites within Indonesia

Legend

The table is sortable by column by clicking on the at the top of the appropriate column; alphanumerically for the Site, Area, and Year columns; by state party for the Location column; and by criteria type for the Criteria column. Transborder sites sort at the bottom.

Site; named after the World Heritage Committee's official designation

Location; at city, regional, or provincial level and geocoordinates

Criteria; as defined by the World Heritage Committee

Area; in hectares and acres. If available, the size of the buffer zone has been noted as well. A value of zero implies that no data has been published by UNESCO

Year; during which the site was inscribed to the World Heritage List

Description; brief information about the site, including reasons for qualifying as an endangered site, if applicable

Inscribed sites

  † In danger

Site	Image	Location	Criteria	Area ha (acre)	Year	Description	Refs
Borobudur Temple Compounds		Indonesia !Magelang Regency, Central Java 7°36′28″S 110°12′13″E	Cultural: (i), (ii), (vi)	—	1991	This famous Buddhist temple, dating from the 8th and 9th centuries, is located in central Java. It was built in three tiers: a pyramidal base with five concentric square terraces, the trunk of a cone with three circular platforms and, at the top, a monumental stupa. The walls and balustrades are decorated with fine low reliefs, covering a total surface area of 2,500 m2. Around the circular platforms are 72 openwork stupas, each containing a statue of the Buddha. The monument was restored with UNESCO's help in the 1970s.	592
Cultural Landscape of Bali Province: the Subak System as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophy		Indonesia ! Bali 8°20′0″S 115°0′0″E	Cultural: (ii), (iii), (v), (vi)	700419520000000000019,520 (48,200)	2012	Cultural Landscape of Bali: the Subak System as a Manifestation of the Tri Hita Karana Philosophyforms acultural landscape of five rice terraces and their water temples that cover 19,500 hectares. The temples are the focus of a cooperative water management system of canals and weirs, known as subak, that dates back to the 9th century. Included in the landscape is the 18th-century Royal Temple of Pura Taman Ayun, the largest and most impressive architectural edifice of its type on the island. The subak reflects the philosophical concept of Tri Hita Karana, which brings together the realms of the spirit, the human world and nature. This philosophy was born of the cultural exchange between Bali and India over the past 2000 years and has shaped the landscape of Bali. The subak system of democratic and egalitarian farming practices has enabled the Balinese to become the most prolific rice growers in the archipelago despite the challenge of supporting a dense population.	1194rev
Komodo National Park		Indonesia !East Nusa Tenggara 8°33′S 119°29′E	Natural: (vii), (x)	7005219322000000000219,322 (541,960)	1991	These volcanic islands are inhabited by a population of around 5,700 giant lizards, whose appearance and aggressive behaviour have led to them being called 'Komodo dragons'. They exist nowhere else in the world and are of great interest to scientists studying the theory of evolution. The rugged hillsides of dry savannah and pockets of thorny green vegetation contrast starkly with the brilliant white sandy beaches and the blue waters surging over coral.	609
Lorentz National Park		Indonesia !Papua 4°45′S 137°50′E	Natural: (vii), (ix), (x)	70062350000000000002,350,000 (5,800,000)	1999	Lorentz National Park (2.35 million ha) is the largest protected area in South-East Asia. It is the only protected area in the world to incorporate a continuous, intact transect from snowcap to tropical marine environment, including extensive lowland wetlands. Located at the meeting-point of two colliding continental plates, the area has a complex geology with ongoing mountain formation as well as major sculpting by glaciation. The area also contains fossil sites which provide evidence of the evolution of life on New Guinea, a high level of endemism and the highest level of biodiversity in the region.	955
Prambanan Temple Compounds		Indonesia !Central Java 7°45′8″S 110°29′30″E	Cultural: (i), (iv)	—	1991	Built in the 10th century, this is the largest temple compound dedicated to Shiva in Indonesia. Rising above the centre of the last of these concentric squares are three temples decorated with reliefs illustrating the epic of the Ramayana, dedicated to the three great Hindu divinities (Shiva, Vishnu and Brahma) and three temples dedicated to the animals who serve them.	642
Sangiran Early Man Site		Indonesia !Central Java 7°24′0″S 110°49′0″E	Cultural: (iii), (vi)	70035600000000000005,600 (14,000)	1996	Excavations here from 1936 to 1941 led to the discovery of the first hominid fossil at this site. Later, 50 fossils of Meganthropus palaeo and Pithecanthropus erectus/Homo erectus were found – half of all the world's known hominid fossils. Inhabited for the past one and a half million years, Sangiran is one of the key sites for the understanding of human evolution.	593
Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra†		Indonesia !Sumatra, 2°30′S 101°30′E	Natural: (vii), (ix), (x)	70062595124000000002,595,124 (6,412,690)	2004	The 2.5 million hectare Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra site comprises three national parks: Gunung Leuser National Park, Kerinci Seblat National Park and Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park. The site holds the greatest potential for long-term conservation of the distinctive and diverse biota of Sumatra, including many endangered species. The protected area is home to an estimated 10,000 plant species, including 17 endemic genera; more than 200 mammal species; and some 580 bird species of which 465 are resident and 21 are endemic. Of the mammal species, 22 are Asian, not found elsewhere in the archipelago and 15 are confined to the Indonesian region, including the endemic Sumatran orang-utan. The site also provides biogeographic evidence of the evolution of the island. The site has been listed as endangered since 2011 due to poaching, illegal logging, agricultural encroachment, and plans to build roads.	1167
Ujung Kulon National Park		Indonesia !Banten and Lampung 6°45′S 105°20′E	Natural: (vii), (x)	700478525000000000078,525 (194,040)	1991	This national park, located in the extreme south-western tip of Java on the Sunda shelf, includes the Ujung Kulon peninsula and several offshore islands and encompasses the natural reserve of Krakatoa. In addition to its natural beauty and geological interest – particularly for the study of inland volcanoes – it contains the largest remaining area of lowland rainforests in the Java plain. Several species of endangered plants and animals can be found there, the Javan rhinoceros being the most seriously under threat.	608

Tentative list

The following 26 sites are on the Tentative List for Indonesia, meaning that the government intends to consider them for nomination in the future:

Site	Image	Location	Criteria	Area ha (acre)	Year	Description	Refs
Banda Islands		Indonesia !Central Maluku Regency, Maluku 40°28′0″S 129°39′0″E	Natural: (vii), (x)	—	2005	The Banda Islands were one of two islands groups comprising the fabled ‘Spice Islands’ of the East Indies. Banda was the original and only source of the once precious spices, nutmeg and mace, whose trade had a significant impact on global history up to the 19th century, but particularly in the 15th-19th centuries.	2004
Banten Ancient City		Indonesia !Serang Regency, Banten 6°30′0″S 106°15′0″E	Cultural	—	1995		286
Bawomataluo Site		Indonesia !South Nias Regency, Nias, North Sumatra 00°36′59″N 97°46′17″E	Cultural: (i), (iv), (vi)	5 ha	2009	The Bawomataluo settlement is located in the Bawomataluo Village, under the District of Teluk Dalam, in the South Nias Regency. The area covers ± 5 Hectares with an altitude of 270 meters above sea level. This kampong is situated on the heights of the hills and is relatively safe from any tsunami threats, despite having a distance of only 4 kilometers from the seashore.	5463
Belgica Fort		Indonesia !Central Maluku Regency, Maluku 40°28′0″S 129°39′0″E	Cultural: (iii)	—	1995		297
Besakih		Indonesia !Karangasem Regency, Bali 8°22′35″S 115°31′1″E	Cultural: (i)	—	1995		296
Betung Kerihun National Park (Transborder Rainforest Heritage of Borneo)		Indonesia !West Kalimantan 0°40′0″N 112°15′0″E	Natural: (viii), (ix), (x)	800,000 ha		In general, the climate in Betung Kerihun National Park exhibits a very high rainfall, being the typical of wet inland Kalimantan. The national park have the richest of the Sunda islands floristically both in terms of total species richness and diversity, it has a flora richness which includes both Asian and Australian elements.	1871
Bunaken National Park		Indonesia !Manado, North Sulawesi 1°35′0″N 124°39′0″E	Natural: (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)	280,000 ha	2005	This part of North Sulawesi was undergone multiple geologic stages. Manado Tua is an inactive volcano formed in a classical cone shape with a 27-45' slope. The island rises over 600 m above sea level, the highest elevation in the park. Bunaken Island has volcanic origins with a significant amount of uplifted fossil coral. The marine national park area is home to thousands of different species of fish, coral, endangered marine mammals and reptiles, birds, molluscs and mangrove species.	2002
Derawan Islands		Indonesia ! Berau Regency, East Kalimantan 2°15′0″N 118°25′0″E	Natural: (x)	—	2005	Stretching over 100 miles along the coast of East Kalimantan, the Derawan island chain is one of the most biologically rich areas in all of Indonesia. Here, water from the Berau river mixing with the Sulawesi Sea created a unique seascape characterized by a broad river delta leading to a scattered groupings of patch reefs, fringing reefs, and atolls.	2007
Elephant Cave		Indonesia ! Gianyar Regency, Bali 8°31′24.2″S 115°17′10.89″E	Cultural:	—	1995		299
Great Mosque of Demak		Indonesia ! Demak Regency, Central Java 6°53′31″S 110°38′28″E	Cultural:	—	1995		289
Gunongan Historical Park		Indonesia ! Banda Aceh, Aceh 5°32′44″N 95°18′58″E	Cultural:	—	1995		300
Muara Takus Compound Site		Indonesia ! Kampar Regency, Riau 0°20′20″N 100°38′24.62″E	Cultural: (i), (iv), (vi)	—	2009	Muara Takus Site is administratively under the Muara Takus Village, in the District of Koto Kampar XIII, Kampar Regency, Riau Province. The Kampar Kanan River divides Muara Takus into two regions. The research on the Muara Takus Site was carried out in 1983 and it resulted in mapping the sites of the ancient embankment relics, the Mahligai Temple compound, and other ancient structures. The Zones located within the ancient embankment are named Zone I, whereas the Zones located outside the ancient embankment are named Zone II. Inside Zone I, there are the Mahligai Temple, Building III and Building IV; While in Zone II, there are Building V and Building VI.	5464
Muarajambi Temple Compound		Indonesia ! Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi 1°24′0″S 103°2′0″E	Cultural: (ii), (iii), (iv)	2062 ha	2009	The Muarajambi Temple Compound Site is located in the Muarajambi Village, in the District of Maro Sebo, Muaro Jambi Regency, Jambi Province. The site is spread along 7.5 kilometers of the riverbanks of Batanghari River in which old canals or man-made rivers are positioned to connect the Batanghari River with the site. In the Muarajambi Temple Compound Site that covers an area of 2062 hectares, there were at least 82 ruins of ancient buildings made of brick construction.	5464
Ngada traditional house and megalithic complex		Indonesia ! Ngada Regency, Flores, East Nusa Tenggara 8°47′0″S 120°9′0″E	Cultural:	—	1995		293
Penataran Hindu Temple Complex		Indonesia ! Blitar Regency, East Java 8°0′57″S 112°12′33″E	Cultural: (iv)	—	1995		294
Prehistoric Cave Sites in Maros-Pangkep		Indonesia ! Maros Regency, South Sulawesi 4°42′49″S 119°34′17″E	Natural: (ix)	21,631 ha forest area, 43,750 ha the Karst Maros-Pangkep area	2009	In general, the karst landscape is hilly and has mountainous terrains. The mountainous area is situated in the north east or located in the Bulusaraung Mountains. The Karts Maros-Pangkep Area not only presents a unique landscape but also has archaeological sources of prehistoric caves and its heritage that date back to thousands of years ago. The Karts Maros-Pangkep Area not only presents a unique landscape but also has archaeological sources of prehistoric caves and its heritage that date back to thousands of years ago.	5467
Pulau Penyengat Palace Complex		Indonesia ! Riau Islands Province 0°55′40″N 104°25′3″E	Cultural:	—	1995		298
Raja Ampat Islands		Indonesia ! West Papua province 0°30′0″N 124°30′0″E	Natural: (vii), (x)	4.6 million ha	2005	The Raja Ampat Islands, situated near the Northwest coast of Papua, consists of about 1,500 islands, including several large, mountainous islands, the largest being Waigeo, Batanta, Salawati and Misool. The land and surrounding sea occupy approximately 46,000 km2 or about 4.6 million ha. The islands are located in a region on the western boarder of the equatorial Pacific Ocean and at the Northeastern ‘entrance’ of the Indonesian Throughflow from the Pacific to the Indian Ocean. The vast majority of the archipelago rests on the Sahul shelf.	2003
Ratu Boko Temple Complex		Indonesia ! Yogyakarta Special Region 7°46′12″S 110°29′20″E	Cultural:	—	1995		287
Sukuh Hindu Temple		Indonesia ! Karanganyar Regency Central Java 7°37′38.85″S 111°7′52.65″E	Cultural:	—	1995		295
Taka Bonerate National Park		Indonesia ! Selayar Regency, South Sulawesi 6°16′0″S 120°54′0″E	Natural: (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)	530,765 ha	2005	The Bonerate National Park is home to the third biggest atoll in the world after Kwajifein in the Marshall Isles and Suvadiva in the Moldiva Isles. The total area of the atoll is about 220,000 hectares with coral reefs spreading over 500km2. The national park includes an area of 530,765 ha. Taka Bonerate is a Bugis’s name that somewhat has a meaning ‘Coral Piled Up On Sand’. There are 15 islands in taka Bonerate National Park where visitors can enjoy diving, snorkelling and marine tours.	2005
Tana Toraja Traditional Settlement		Indonesia ! Tana Toraja Regency, South Sulawesi 2°36′0″S 119°22′0″E	Cultural: (iv), (v), (vi)	3,205 km2	2009	Tana Toraja Traditional Settlement is a series of 10 traditional settlements or constituents of them, such as burial or ceremonial grounds. The properties are scattered within Tana Toraja Regency in the Province of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Tana Toraja occupies about 3,205 km2 of a relatively hilly terrain with plateaus rising from 300 to 2,800 meters above sea level. Tana Toraja Traditional Settlement and culture still retain the characteristics of early Austronesian culture. These can be demonstrated by Toraja cosmology, ceremonies, settlement arrangement, houses, decorations, and the role of water buffalo. In this regard, the heritage has an indispensable scientific value as a source of analogy to study the past.	5462
Trowulan - Former Capital City of Majapahit Kingdom		Indonesia ! Mojokerto Regency, East Java 7°30′0″S 112°18′0″E	Cultural: (i), (v)	99 km2	2009	The Trowulan site is the only city site of the Hindu-Budha classical age in Indonesia that can still be found. The site covers an area of 11 km x 9 km, which includes the Districts of Trowulan and Sooko within the Regency of Mojokerto and the Districts of Mojoagung and Mojowarno under the Jombang Regency. The site of the former capital city of the Majapahit Kingdom was built on flat terrains at the foot of three mountains, namely the Penanggungan, Welirang, and Anjasmara Mountain. The intriguing site of the remains of Majapahit Kingdom was discovered through extensive and lengthy research.	5466
Wakatobi National Park		Indonesia ! Buton Regency, Southeast Sulawesi 5°12′0″S 123°20′0″E	Natural: (vii), (viii), (ix), (x)	1,390,000 ha	2005	Wakatobi National Park has very high marine resource potential, in terms of both species and uniqueness, with enchanting submarine landscapes. In terms of configuration, the marine waters of the park generally start flat and then slope seawards, with sheer precipices in some parts. The water depth varies, the deepest parts reaching 1,044 metres with sand and coral at the bottom. This Park has 25 chains of coral reefs, and the total circumference of the coral islands is 600 km. The National Park includes an area of 1,390,000 hectares.	2006
Waruga Burial Complex		Indonesia ! North Sulawesi	Cultural: (i)	—	1995		292
Yogyakarta Palace Complex		Indonesia ! Yogyakarta, Special Region of Yogyakarta 7°48′23.6″S 110°21′50.6″E	Cultural:	—	1995		291

References

General

• "World Heritage Committee: Sixteenth session" (PDF). UNESCO. Retrieved 28 May 2010. 
• "World Heritage Committee: Twenty-eighth session" (PDF). UNESCO. Retrieved 26 June 2011.