Royal and noble ranks

Royal, noble and
chivalric ranks

Emperor

King

Prince

Archduke

Duke

Marquess / Marquis

Count / Earl

Viscount

Baron

Baronet Hereditary Knight

Knight

Traditional rank amongst European royalty, peers, and nobility is rooted in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. Although they vary over time and between geographic regions (for example, one region's prince might be equal to another's grand duke), the following is a reasonably comprehensive list that provides information on both general ranks and specific differences.

Ranks and titles

Sovereign

Main articles: Monarch and Sovereign

• The word monarch is derived from the Greek μονάρχης, monárkhēs, "sole ruler" (from μόνος, mónos, "single" or "sole", and ἄρχων, árkhōn, archon, "leader", "ruler", "chief", the word being the present participle of the verb ἄρχειν, árkhein, "to rule", "to lead", this from the noun ὰρχή, arkhē, "beginning", "authority", "principle") through the Latinized form monarcha.
• The word sovereign is derived from the vulgar Latin superanus "chief, principal," from the Latin super "over".
• Autocrat is derived from the Greek αὐτοκράτωρ: αὐτός ("self") and κρατείν ("to hold power"), and may be translated as "one who rules by himself".

Common titles for European and Near Eastern monarchs

Note that many titles listed may also be used by lesser nobles - non-sovereigns - depending on the historical period and state. The sovereign titles listed below are grouped together into categories roughly according to their degree of dignity; these being: imperial, high royal, royal, others (princely, ducal, more), and religious.

Imperial titles

• Emperor, from the Latin Imperator, meaning "commander" or "one who commands". In English, the feminine form is Empress (the Latin is imperatrix). The realm of an emperor or empress is termed an Empire. Alternate words meaning Emperor include:
  • Caesar, the appellation of Roman emperors derived from the Roman dictator Julius Caesar, whose great-nephew and adopted son Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus became the first emperor of Rome. Augustus' four successors were each made the adoptive son of his predecessor, and were therefore legally entitled to use "Caesar" as a constituent of their names; after Nero, however, the familial link of the Julio-Claudian dynasty was disrupted and use of the word Caesar continued as a title only.
  • Csar / Czar / Tsar / Tzar, derived from Caesar, primarily used in Bulgarian after that in Russian and Slavic countries.
  • Kaiser, derived from Caesar, primarily used in Germanic countries.
  • Perandor, derived from Imperator, used in Albania.
  • Basileus, from Mycenaean Greek meaning "chieftain", later used for the Roman emperors of the Byzantine period.

• Samraat (Sanskrit: samrāṭ or सम्राज् samrāj) is an Ancient Indian title sometimes translated into modern English as "Emperor". The feminine form is Samrãjñī.

• King of Kings mostly used in Christian contexts to denote Jesus Christ or the Christian Roman emperors of the Late Empire and Byzantine periods.
  • Shahanshah, literally "King of Kings" a corruption of the Middle Persian šāhān šāh, meaning"King's King." Used in Persia, the Ottoman Empire, and surrounding countries.
  • Nəgusä Nägäst, title of the Emperors of Ethiopia, meaning "King of Kings".
  • Mepe-Mepeta, Georgian for "King of Kings."
  • Khagan, derived from Khan of Khans, meaning king of kings in the Mongol Empire and successor states.

High royal titles

• High King, A king who rules over lesser kings.
  • Mahārāja, Sanskrit for a "great king" or "high king".
  • Padishah, Persian pād "master" and shāh "king"
  • Anax, from Mycenaean wanax for "High King". Outranked Basileus in Mycenaean usage.
  • Nam-Lugal High kings of ancient Sumer (Mesopotamia).
  • Pharaoh, "man of the house (palace)" used in Ancient Egypt to denote the High kings of the upper and lower kingdoms of the Nile river valley.
  • Ard Rí, Gaelic for high king, most notably used for high kings of Ireland and high kings of Scotland.
  • Bretwalda, high kings of Anglo-Saxon England.
• Yang di-Pertuan Agong, in Malaysia, is the king's title, and means "He who is made supreme lord" Generally rendered a king, the position is elected among the nine kingdoms, so may properly be classed a high king.
• Lamane, "master of the land" or "chief owner of the soil" in old Serer language were the ancient kings and landed gentry of the Serer people found in Senegal, the Gambia and Mauritania. The title was inherited from father to son. The Lamanes were guardians of Serer religion and many of them have been canonized as Holy Saints (Pangool). Preceded by non.

Royal titles

• King, from the Germanic *kuningaz, roughly meaning "son of the people." (See: Germanic kingship) The realm of a King is termed a Kingdom (sovereign kings are ranked above vassal kings)
  • Rex Latin for "ruler". Cognate with Raja, Rí, Reign, Regina, etc.
  • Raja, Indian for "ruler.". Cognate with Latin Rex, Gaelic Rí, etc.
  • Rí, Gaelic title meaning king, of which there were several grades, the highest being Ard Rí (High king). Cognate with Indian Raja, Latin Rex, and ancient Gaulish rix.
  • Khan, from the Turco-Mongol word for "lord," like Duke it was originally a military rank. A Khan's realm is called a Khanate.
  • Shah, Persian word for king, from Indo-European for "he who rules"
  • Sultan, from Arabic for "has power."
  • Malik, Arabic for King.
  • Tlatoani, Ruler of the atlepetl or city state in ancient Mexico. Title of the Aztec Emperors. The word literally means "speaker" in Nahuatl, but may be translated into English as "king".
  • Ajaw, In Maya meaning "lord", "ruler", "king" or "leader". Was the title of the ruler in the Classic Maya polity. A variant being the title of K'inich Ajaw or "Great Sun King" as it was used to refer to the founder of the Copán dinasty, K'inich Yax K'uk' Mo'.
  • Lakan, Fillipino title (mostly for the island of Luzon) which, together with the term "Datu" of Visayas and Mindanao, is used as an equivalent to Raja, and therefore, to King or sovereign Prince.
  • Tuanku, literally "My Lord", the title of the kings of the nine Royal states of Malaysia; all princes and princesses of the Royal Families also receive the appellation Tengku,
  • Maad a Sinig, King of Sine, a pre-colonial kingdom of the Serer people. From the old Serer title "Maad" (king).
  • Maad Saloum, King of Saloum, a pre-colonial kingdom of the Serer people.
  • Teigne, King of Baol, previously a pre-colonial Serer kingdom.

• Queen, from the Germanic *kwoeniz, or *kwenon, "wife"; cognate of Greek γυνή, gynē, "woman"; from PIE *gʷḗn, "woman". The female equivalent of a King, or the consort of a King; a Queen's realm is also a kingdom.
  • Rani, Indian for Queen. See Raja, above.
  • Shahbanu, Persian for Queen. See Shah, above.
  • Sultana, Arab for Queen. See Sultan, above.
  • Ix-ajaw, See Ajaw above, it was a title was also given to women, though generally prefixed with the sign Ix ("woman") to indicate their gender.
  • Ratu, Indochinese term for Queen, derived from Raja
  • Diyan, Filipino feminine equivalent of "Datu"
  • Hara , Filipino feminine equivalent of "Raha"
  • Bai , Filipino feminine equivalent of a prince.

Princely, ducal, and other sovereign titles

• Prince, from the Latin princeps, meaning "first citizen". The feminine form is Princess. Variant forms include the German Fürst.
• Morza A Tartar title usually translated as "prince", it ranked below a Khan. The title was borrowed from Persian and Indian appellation Mirza added to the names of certain nobles, which itself derived from Emir.
  • Ginoo Filipino term, equivalent to noble man or prince.(During ancient times)
• Despot, Greek for "lord, master", initially an appellation for the Byzantine emperor, later the senior court title, awarded to sons and close relatives of the emperor. In the 13th-15th centuries borne by autonomous and independent rulers in the Balkans.
• Duke, from the Latin Dux, meaning "leader," a military rank in the late Roman Empire. Variant forms include Doge, and Duce; it has also been modified into Archduke (meaning "chief" Duke), Grand Duke (literally "large," or "big" Duke), Vice Duke ("deputy" Duke), etc. The female equivalent is Duchess
• Knyaz, fis a Slavic title found in most Slavic languages, denoting a royal nobility rank. It is usually translated into English either as Prince or less commonly as Duke.
• Emir, often rendered Amir in older English usage; from the Arabic "to command." The female form is Emira (Amirah). Emir is the root of the English military rank "Admiral"
• Bey, or Beg/Baig, Turkish for "Chieftain."
• Buumi, first in line to the throne in Serer pre-colonial kingdoms.
• Thilas, second in line to the throne in Serer pre-colonial kingdoms.
• Loul, third in line to the throne in Serer country.

Religious titles

• Pope, derived from Latin and Italian papa, the familiar form of "father" (also "Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church and Vicar of Christ"); once wielding substantial secular power as the ruler of the Papal States and leader of Christendom, the Pope is also the absolute ruler of the sovereign state Vatican City
• Caliph, was the ruler of the caliphate, an Islamic title indicating the successor to Muhammad. Both a religious and a secular leader; the Ottoman sultans continued to use Caliph as another of their titles. However, in later Ottoman times the religious function was practically exercised by the Sheikh ül-Islam; after the establishment of the Turkish Republic, a solely religious Caliphate, held by members of the Sultans' family, was established for a short period of time.
• Saltigue, the high priests and priestesses of the Serer people. They are the diviners in Serer religion.

Other sovereigns, royals, peerage, and nobility

Main articles: Royal family, Peerage, Nobility, and Imperial immediacy

Several ranks were widely used (for more than a thousand years in Europe alone) for both sovereign rulers and non-sovereigns. Additional knowledge about the territory and historic period is required to know whether the rank holder was a sovereign or non-sovereign. However, joint precedence among rank holders often greatly depended on whether a rank holder was sovereign, whether of the same rank or not. This situation was most widely exemplified by the Holy Roman Empire (HRE) in Europe. Almost all of the following ranks were commonly both sovereign and non-sovereign within the HRE. Outside of the HRE, the most common sovereign rank of these below was that of Prince. Within the HRE, those holding the following ranks who were also sovereigns had (enjoyed) what was known as an immediate relationship with the Emperor. Those holding non-sovereign ranks held only a mediate relationship (meaning that the civil hierarchy upwards was mediated by one or more intermediaries between the rank holder and the Emperor).

Titles

• Archduke, ruler of an archduchy; was generally only a sovereign rank when used by the rulers of Austria; it was also used by the Habsburgs of the Holy Roman Empire, Austrian Empire, and the Austro-Hungarian Empire for members of the imperial family; it was also used for those ruling some Habsburg territories such as those that became the modern BeNeLux (Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg) nations
• Grand Prince, ruler of a grand principality; a title primarily used in the medieval Russian principalities; it was also used by the Romanovs of the Russian Empire for members of the imperial family
• Duke, ruler of a duchy, also for junior members of ducal and some grand ducal families
• Prince, Prinz in German; junior members of a royal, ducal or princely family (the title of Fürst for heads of princely families and sometimes all members, e.g. Wrede)
  • In particular Crown prince, Kronprinz in German, was reserved for the heir apparent of an emperor or king
• Dauphin, title of the crown prince of the royal family of France
• Infante, title of the cadet members of the royal families of Portugal and Spain
• Elector, Kurfürst in German, a rank for those who voted for the Holy Roman Emperor, usually sovereign of a state (e.g. the Margrave of Brandenburg, an elector, called the Elector of Brandenburg)
• Marquess, Margrave, or Marquis was the ruler¹ of a marquessate, margraviate, or march
• Landgrave, a German title, ruler of a landgraviate
• Count, theoretically the ruler of a county; known as an Earl in modern Britain; known as a Serdar in Montenegro and Serbia
• Viscount (vice-count), theoretically the ruler of a viscounty or viscountcy
• Freiherr, holder of an allodial barony – these are "higher" level of barons. Freiherr coming from the german "Free-Man"^{[citation needed]}
• Baron, theoretically the ruler of a barony – some barons in some countries may have been "free barons" (liber baro) and as such, regarded (themselves) as higher barons

Regarding the titles of duke and prince: in Germany, a sovereign duke (Herzog) outranks a sovereign prince (Fürst), but a royal cadet prince (Prinz) outranks a cadet duke of a ducal or grand ducal family. In the German nobility as well, being created a duke was a higher honour than being created a prince. The issue of a duke were sometimes styled as dukes or as princes; princely issue were styled as princes. In particular, the heir apparent to a certain title would usually prepend the prefix Erb- (hereditary) to their respective title, e.g. Erbherzog, Erbprinz, Erbgraf, Erbherr etc., to distinguish from their junior siblings.

Aristocracy and gentry

Main articles: Aristocracy (class) and Gentry

Titles

• Baronet is a hereditary title ranking below Baron but above Knight; this title is granted only in the British Isles
• Dominus was the Latin title of the feudal, superior and mesne, lords, and also an ecclesiastical and academical title (equivalent of Lord)
• Vidame, a minor French aristocrat
• Seigneur or Knight of the Manor rules a smaller local fief
• Knight is the basic rank of the aristocratic system
• Patrician is a dignity of minor nobility or gentry (most often being hereditary) usually ranking below Knight but above Esquire
• Fidalgo or Hidalgo is a minor Portuguese and Spanish aristocrat (respectively; from filho d'algo = filho d'alguém = son of someone [noble])
• Nobile (aristocracy) is an Italian title of nobility for prestigious families that never received a title
• Principalía the aristocratic class of Filipino nobles, through whom the Spanish Monarchs ruled the Philippines during the colonial period (c. 1600's to 1898).
• Jonkheer is a title for prestigious Dutch families that never received a title, so instead a new title was invented; Though these titles have no claim to a territory, city, or province in the Netherlands, they are basically claiming a good family name; A woman who holds this title is called a Jonkvrouw, though the wife of a Jonkheer is a Mevrouw or sometimes Freule, which could also be used by daughters of the same
• Scottish Baron is a Scottish hereditary feudal dignity of nobility ranking below a Knight but above a Scottish Laird
• Laird is a Scottish hereditary feudal dignity ranking below a Scottish Baron but above an Esquire
• Esquire is a rank of gentry originally derived from Squire and indicating the status of an attendant to a knight or an apprentice knight; it ranks below Knight (or in Scotland below Laird) but above Gentleman
• Gentleman is the basic rank of gentry, historically primarily associated with land or manorial lords; within British Commonwealth nations it is also roughly equivalent to some minor nobility of some continental European nations

In Germany, the constitution of the Weimar Republic in 1919 ceased to accord privileges to members of dynastic and noble families. Their titles henceforth became legal parts of the family name, and traditional forms of address (e.g., "Hoheit" or "Durchlaucht") ceased to be accorded to them by governmental entities. The last title was conferred on 12 November 1918 to Kurt von Klefeld. The actual rank of a title-holder in Germany depended not only on the nominal rank of the title, but also the degree of sovereignty exercised, the rank of the title-holder's suzerain, and the length of time the family possessed its status within the nobility (Uradel, Briefadel, altfürstliche, neufürstliche, see: German nobility). Thus, any reigning sovereign ranks higher than any deposed or mediatized sovereign, family of any rank (e.g., the Fürst of Waldeck, sovereign until 1918, was higher than the Duke of Arenberg, head of a mediatized family, although Herzog is nominally a higher title than Fürst). However, former holders of higher titles in extant monarchies retained their relative rank, i.e., a queen dowager of Belgium outranks the reigning Prince of Liechtenstein. Members of a formerly sovereign or mediatized house rank higher than the nobility. Among the nobility, those whose titles derive from the Holy Roman Empire rank higher than the holder of an equivalent title granted by one of the German monarchs after 1806.

In Austria, nobility titles may no longer be used since 1918.

In Switzerland, nobility titles are prohibited and are not recognized as part of the family name.

General chart of "translations" between languages

Below is a comparative table of corresponding royal and noble titles in various European countries. Quite often, a Latin 3rd declension noun formed a distinctive feminine title by adding -issa to its base, but usually the 3rd declension noun was used for both male and female nobles, except for Imperator and Rex. 3rd declension nouns are italicized in this chart. See Royal and noble styles to learn how to address holders of these titles properly.

	Emperor, Empress	King, Queen	Grand Duke/ Grand Prince, Grand Duchess/ Grand Princess	Archduke, Archduchess	Duke, Duchess	(Prince)-Elector, Electress	Prince, Princess	Viceroy, Vicereine	Marquess/ Margrave, Marchioness/ Margravine	Earl / Count, Countess	Viscount, Viscountess	Baron, Baroness	Baronet Baronetess	Knight / Dame	Esquire, Gentleman
Latin	Imperator/ Caesar, Imperatrix/ Caesarina	Rex, Regina	Magnus Dux/ Magnus Princeps, Magna Ducissa, Magna Principissa	Archidux, Archiducissa	Dux, Ducissa	Princeps Elector	Princeps, Principissa	Prorex, Proregina	Marchio, Marchionissa	Comes, Comitissa	Vicecomes, Vicecomitissa	Baro, Baronissa		Eques	Nobilis Homo (N.H.)
Croatian	Car, Carica	Kralj, Kraljica	Veliki vojvoda, Velika vojvodkinja	Nadvojvoda, Nadvojvodkinja	Vojvoda, Vojvodkinja	Princ, Princeza	Knez, Kneginja	Ban, Vicereine	Markiz, Markiza	Grof, Grofica	Vikont, Vikontica	Barun, Barunica	Barunet, Baruneta	Vitez	Gospodin
Czech	Císař, Císařovna	Král, Královna	Velkovévoda, Velkovévodkyně	Arcivévoda, Arcivévodkyně	Vévoda, Vévodkyně	Kurfiřt	Kníže, Kněžna10	Místokrál/Vicekrál	Markýz/Markrabě	Hrabě, Hraběnka	Vikomt	Baron, Baronka	Baronet	Rytíř
Danish	Kejser, Kejserinde	Konge Dronning	Storhertug, Storhertuginde	Ærke Hertug, Ærke Hertuginde	Hertug, Hertuginde	Kurfyrste, Kurfystinde	Prins/Fyrste Prinsesse/Fyrstinde	Vizekonge, Vizedronning	Markis, Markise	Greve Grevinde, Komtesse	Vicegreve, Vicegrevinde/ Vicekomtesse	Baron, Baronesse	Baronet, Baronetesse	Ridder
Dutch	Keizer, Keizerin	Koning, Koningin	Groothertog, Groothertogin	Aartshertog, Aartshertogin	Hertog, Hertogin	Keurvorst, Keurvorstin	Prins/Vorst, Prinses/Vorstin	Onderkoning, Onderkoningin	Markies/Markgraaf, Markiezin/Markgravin	Graaf, Gravin	Burggraaf, Burggravin	Baron, Barones(se)	Erfridder	Ridder	Jonkheer
Finnish	Keisari, Keisarinna (or Keisaritar, obsolete)	Kuningas, Kuningatar	Suurherttua/Suuriruhtinas, Suurherttuatar/Suuriruhtinatar	Arkkiherttua, Arkkiherttuatar	Herttua, Herttuatar	Vaaliruhtinas, Vaaliruhtinatar	Prinssi/Ruhtinas, Prinsessa/Ruhtinatar	Varakuningas, Varakuningatar	Markiisi/Rajakreivi, Markiisitar/Rajakreivitär	Kreivi/(brit:)jaarli, Kreivitär	Varakreivi, Varakreivitär	Paroni, Herra, Paronitar, Rouva/ Herratar	Baronetti, "Herra" (=fiefholder), Herratar	Aatelinen/Ritari style of wife: Rouva
French	Empereur, Impératrice	Roi, Reine	Grand Duc, Grande Duchesse	Archiduc, Archiduchesse	Duc, Duchesse	Prince-électeur, Princesse-électrice	Prince, Princesse	Viceroi, Vicereine	Marquis, Marquise	Comte, Comtesse	Vicomte, Vicomtesse	Baron, Baronne	Baronnet	Chevalier	Ecuyer
German	Kaiser, Kaiserin	König, Königin	Großherzog/ Großfürst, Großherzogin/ Großfürstin	Erzherzog, Erzherzogin	Herzog, Herzogin	Kurfürst, Kurfürstin	Prinz/Fürst, Prinzessin/Fürstin	Vizekönig, Vizekönigin	Markgraf, Markgräfin	Graf, Gräfin	Vizegraf, Vizegräfin	Baron, Herr, Baronin, Frau		Ritter	Junker (Prussia), Edler (Austria), Junkerin, Edle
Greek	Aftokrator, Aftokratira	Vasilefs, Vasilissa	Megas Doux, Megali Doukissa	Archidoux, Archidoukissa	Doukas/archon Doux/archontissa	Pringkips-Eklektor Pringkipissa-Eklektorissa	Pringkips Pringkipissa	Anti-Vasilefs, Anti-Vasilissa	Markissios, Markissia	Komis, Komissa	Ypokomis, Ypokomissa	Varonos, Varoni	Baronetos, Baroneta	Hippotis
Hungarian	Császár, császárnő	Király, királynő	Nagyherceg, fejedelem, vajda nagyhercegnő, fejedelemasszony, -	Főherceg, főhercegnő	Herceg, hercegnő	Választófejedelem, (választófejedelemnő)	Királyi herceg, királyi hercegnő	Alkirály, alkirálynő	Márki, őrgróf márkinő, őrgrófnő	Gróf grófnő	Várgróf, vikomt Várgrófnő (vikomtnő)	Báró, bárónő	Baronet, baronetnő	Lovag (vitéz)	Nemes, nemesasszony
Italian	Imperatore, Imperatrice	Re, Regina	Granduca, Granduchessa	Arciduca, Arciduchessa	Duca, Duchessa	Principe Elettore, Principessa Elettrice	Principe, Principessa	Viceré, Viceregina	Marchese, Marchesa	Conte, Contessa	Visconte, Viscontessa	Barone, Baronessa	Baronetto	Cavaliere	Nobile, Nobiluomo
Maltese	Imperatur, Imperatriċi	Re, Reġina	Gran Duka, Gran Dukessa	Arċiduka, Arċidukessa	Duka, Dukessa	Prinċep Elettur, Prinċipessa Elettriċi	Prinċep, Prinċipessa	Markiż, Markiża	Ban, Banica	Konti, Kontessa	Viskonti, Viskontessa	Baruni, Barunessa	Barunett	Kavallier
Norwegian	Keiser, Keiserinne	Konge, Dronning	Storhertug, Storhertuginne	Erkehertug, Erkehertuginne	Hertug, Hertuginne	Kurfyrste, Kurfyrstinne	Prins/Fyrste, Prinsesse/Fyrstinne	Visekonge, Visedronning	Marki, Markise	Jarl / Greve, Grevinne	Vikomte/Visegreve, Visegrevinne	Baron, Baronesse		Ridder
Polish	Cesarz, Cesarzowa	Król, Królowa	Wielki Książę, Wielka Księżna	Arcyksiążę Arcyksiężna	Diuk (Książę), (Księżna)	Książę Elektor, Księżna Elektorowa	Książę, Księżna	Wicekról, Wicekrólowa	Markiz/Margrabia, Markiza/Margrabina	Hrabia, Hrabina	Wicehrabia, Wicehrabina	Baron, Baronowa	Baronet	Rycerz/ Kawaler
Portuguese	Imperador, Imperatriz	Rei, Rainha	Grão-Duque, Grã-Duquesa	Arquiduque, Arquiduquesa;	Duque, Duquesa	Príncipe-Eleitor, Princesa-Eleitora;	Príncipe, Princesa	Vice-rei, Vice-rainha	Marquês, Marquesa	Conde, Condessa	Visconde, Viscondessa	Barão, Baronesa	Baronete, Baronetesa;	Cavaleiro	Fidalgo
Russian	Imperator/Tsar, Imperatritsa/Tsaritsa	Koról/Tsar, Koroléva/Tsaritsa	Velikiy Knyaz, Velikaya Kniagina	Ertsgertsog, Ertsgertsoginya	Gertsog, Gertsoginya	Kurfyurst, Kurfyurstina	Kniaz, Kniagina	Vitse-koról, Vitse-koroléva	Markiz, Markiza, Boyar, Boyarina	Graf, Grafinya	Vikont, Vikontessa	Baron, Baronessa	Baronet	Rytsar
Spanish	Emperador, Emperatriz	Rey, Reina	Gran Duque, Gran Duquesa	Archiduque, Archiduquesa	Duque, Duquesa	Príncipe Elector, Princesa Electora;	Príncipe, Princesa	Virrey, Virreina	Marqués, Marquesa	Conde, Condesa	Vizconde, Vizcondesa	Barón, Baronesa	Baronet	Caballero	Escudero, Hidalgo
Slovak	Cisár, Cisárovná	Kráľ, Kráľovná	Veľkovojvoda, Veľkovojvodkyňa	Arcivojvoda, Arcivojvodkyňa	Vojovda, Vojvodkyňa	Kurfirst/ Knieža voliteľ/ Knieža volič	Knieža, Kňažná	Miestokráľ/Vicekráľ	Markíz, Markíza	Gróf, Grófka	Vikomt, Vikontesa	Barón, Barónka	Baronet	Rytier
Slovene	Cesar, Cesarica	Kralj, Kraljica	Veliki vojvoda, Velika vojvodinja	Nadvojvoda, Nadvojvodinja	Vojvoda, Vojvodinja	Volilni knez, Volilna kneginja	Knez, Kneginja	Podkralj, Podkraljica	Markiz, Markiza	Grof, Grofica	Vikont, Vikontinja	Baron, Baronica	Baronet, Baronetinja	Vitez	Oproda
Swedish	Kejsare, Kejsarinna	Kung, Drottning	Storhertig/Storfurste, Storhertiginna/Storfurstinna	Ärkehertig, ärkehertiginna	Hertig, hertiginna	Kurfurste Kurfurstinna	Prins/Furste, Prinsessa/Furstinna	Visekung, Visedrottning	Markis/markgreve, markisinna/markgrevinna	Greve, Grevinna	Vicomte, Vicomtessa	Baron, Herre, Baronessa, Fru		Riddare/Frälseman, Fru
Turkish	İmparator, İmparatoriçe	Kral, Kraliçe	Grandük, Grandüşes	Arşidük, Arşidüşes	Dük, Düşes	Veliaht Prens, Veliaht Prenses	Prens, Prenses	Viċirè, Viċireġina;	Marki, Markiz	Kont, Kontes	Vikont, Vikontes	Baron, Barones	Baronet, Baronetes	Şövalye	Bey, Efendi
Welsh	Ymerawdwr, Ymerodres	Brenin, Brenhines	Archddug, Archdduges	Archddug, Archdduges	Dug, Duges		Tywysog, Tywysoges	Vezir	Marcwis/Ardalydd, Ardalyddes	Iarll/Cownt, Iarlles/Cowntes	Iarll, Iarlles	Barwn, Barwnes	Barwnig, Barwniges	Marchog

Aristocratic titles in medieval Korea

In the Kingdom of Korea, similarly to the Chinese Empire, there were 7 aristocratic titles:

1. Gun (i.e. Crown prince),
2. Kung (hereditary prince or Duke),
3. Champan (Marquess),
4. Poguk (Count or Earl),
5. Pansoh (Viscount),
6. Chamise (Baron),
7. Chusa (cca. Baronet).

See also

• Forms of address in the United Kingdom
• Table of Ranks in the Russian Empire
• German comital titles
• Nobility
• Peerage
• Imperial immediacy
• Royal and noble styles
• Nobiliary particle
• False titles of nobility

External links

• Hereditary titles
• Unequal and Morganatic Marriages in German Law
• Noble, Princely, Royal, and Imperial Titles
• British noble titles
• Fake titles