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Indian government has a [[federal government|federal structure]], and according to its [[Constitution of India|constitution]], [[maritime transport]] is to be administered by both the Central and the State governments. While the central government's [[Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport and Highways (India)|shipping ministry]] administers the major ports, the minor and intermediate ports are administered by the relevant departments or ministries in the nine coastal states [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Odisha]], [[West Bengal]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]], [[Karnataka]], [[Goa]], [[Maharashtra]] and [[Gujarat]]. Several of these 187 minor and intermediate ports have been identified by the respective governments to be developed, in a phased manner, a good proportion of them involving [[public–private partnership]].
Indian government has a [[federal government|federal structure]], and according to its [[Constitution of India|constitution]], [[maritime transport]] is to be administered by both the Central and the State governments. While the central government's [[Ministry of Shipping, Road Transport and Highways (India)|shipping ministry]] administers the major ports, the minor and intermediate ports are administered by the relevant departments or ministries in the nine coastal states [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Odisha]], [[West Bengal]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Kerala]], [[Karnataka]], [[Goa]], [[Maharashtra]] and [[Gujarat]]. Several of these 187 minor and intermediate ports have been identified by the respective governments to be developed, in a phased manner, a good proportion of them involving [[public–private partnership]].


The following table gives the detailed data about the Major Ports from 2001 to 2014 of [http://www.indianstat.in/major-port-wise-employment-in-major-ports-from-2001-to-2014 Indianstat] :
The following table gives the detailed data about the Major Ports from 2001 to 2014 of [http://www.indianstat.in/major-port-wise-employment-in-major-ports-from-2008-to-2014 Indianstat] :
== ==
{| class='wikitable'
{| class='wikitable'
|-
|-
!Major Ports!!2001!!2002!!2003!!2004!!2005!!2006!!2007!!2008!!2009!!2010!!2011!!2012!!2013!!2014
!Major Ports!!2008!!2009!!2010!!2011!!2012!!2013!!2014
|-
|-
|Kolkata ||14594 ||13748 ||12621 ||11836 ||11099 ||10494 ||9931 ||9619 ||9489 ||9173 ||8678 ||8394 ||7715 ||7181
|Kolkata ||9619 ||9489 ||9173 ||8678 ||8394 ||7715 ||7181
|-
|-
|Paradip(PPT) ||4116 ||3618 ||3513 ||3407 ||3306 ||3158 ||3013 ||2910 ||2851 ||2761 ||2634 ||2437 ||2234 ||2015
|Paradip(PPT) ||2910 ||2851 ||2761 ||2634 ||2437 ||2234 ||2015
|-
|-
|Visakhapatnam(VPT) ||6009 ||6345 ||6227 ||5889 ||5550 ||5216 ||5208 ||5069 ||5052 ||4877 ||4584 ||4189 ||4941 ||4703
|Visakhapatnam(VPT) ||5069 ||5052 ||4877 ||4584 ||4189 ||4941 ||4703
|-
|-
|Chennai(ChPT) ||12251 ||10886 ||11172 ||10329 ||8842 ||8582 ||9755 ||9065 ||8117 ||8020 ||7774 ||7511 ||6582 ||5991
|Chennai(ChPT) ||9065 ||8117 ||8020 ||7774 ||7511 ||6582 ||5991
|-
|-
|Tuticorin (TPT) ||3744 ||3087 ||2963 ||2788 ||2589 ||2574 ||2407 ||2259 ||2224 ||2191 ||2079 ||1954 ||1813 ||1646
|Tuticorin (TPT) ||2259 ||2224 ||2191 ||2079 ||1954 ||1813 ||1646
|-
|-
|Cochin(CoPT) ||5349 ||4449 ||4414 ||4353 ||3959 ||3849 ||4822 ||4306 ||4103 ||3948 ||3749 ||3005 ||2766 ||2530
|Cochin(CoPT) ||4306 ||4103 ||3948 ||3749 ||3005 ||2766 ||2530
|-
|-
|New Mangalore(NMPT) ||2421 ||2274 ||2220 ||2124 ||1985 ||1908 ||1862 ||1770 ||1819 ||1719 ||1636 ||1544 ||1435 ||1332
|New Mangalore(NMPT) ||1770 ||1819 ||1719 ||1636 ||1544 ||1435 ||1332
|-
|-
|Mormugao(MoPT) ||4465 ||3749 ||3556 ||3385 ||3243 ||3135 ||3082 ||3018 ||2967 ||2891 ||2817 ||2665 ||2538 ||2330
|Mormugao(MoPT) ||3018 ||2967 ||2891 ||2817 ||2665 ||2538 ||2330
|-
|-
|J.L Nehru(JNPT) ||1833 ||1836 ||1820 ||1810 ||1791 ||1779 ||1766 ||1763 ||1746 ||1739 ||1730 ||1718 ||1706 ||1697
|J.L Nehru(JNPT) ||1763 ||1746 ||1739 ||1730 ||1718 ||1706 ||1697
|-
|-
|Mumbai (MbPT) ||23790 ||22699 ||22217 ||21480 ||19388 ||19682 ||14935 ||14481 ||14296 ||14059 ||13391 ||16379 ||15358 ||12017
|Mumbai (MbPT) ||14481 ||14296 ||14059 ||13391 ||16379 ||15358 ||12017
|-
|-
|Kandla(KPT) ||4304 ||4172 ||3929 ||3788 ||3574 ||3506 ||3414 ||4237 ||4149 ||4008 ||3774 ||4500 ||4221 ||3299
|Kandla(KPT) ||4237 ||4149 ||4008 ||3774 ||4500 ||4221 ||3299
|-
|-
|Ennore(EPL) ||NA ||16 ||17 ||17 ||21 ||20 ||45 ||59 ||65 ||86 ||88 ||94 ||100 ||102
|Ennore(EPL) ||59 ||65 ||86 ||88 ||94 ||100 ||102
|-
|-
|Total ||83771 ||76879 ||74669 ||71206 ||65347 ||63903 ||60211 ||58556 ||56878 ||55472 ||52934 ||54390 ||51409 ||44843
|Total ||58556 ||56878 ||55472 ||52934 ||54390 ||51409 ||44843
|-
|-
|}
|}

Revision as of 13:08, 22 December 2016

Map showing the location of airports and seaports in India

Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra
Visakhapatnam Port, Andhra Pradesh
Kochi Port, Kerala
Mundra Port, Gujarat

India has a coastline spanning 7516.6 kilometers, forming one of the biggest peninsulas in the world. According to the Ministry of Shipping, around 95 per cent of India's trading by volume and 70 per cent by value is done through maritime transport. It is serviced by 13 major ports, 200 notified minor and intermediate ports. The total 200 non-major ports are in the following States:- Maharashtra (48); Gujarat (42); Tamil Nadu (15); Karnataka (10); Kerala (17); Andhra Pradesh (12); Odisha (13); Goa (5); West Bengal (1); Daman and Diu (2); Lakshadweep (10); Pondicherry (2); and Andaman & Nicobar (23).[1]

Government of India plans to modernise these ports and has approved a project called Sagarmala.[2] The ports and shipping industry in India plays a vital role in sustaining growth in the country’s trade and commerce. The Indian Government has allowed Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) of up to 100 per cent under the automatic route for port and harbour construction and maintenance projects. The government has also initiated National Maritime Development Programme (NMDP), an initiative to develop the maritime sector with a planned outlay of US$ 11.8 billion.

Classification of ports

Indian government has a federal structure, and according to its constitution, maritime transport is to be administered by both the Central and the State governments. While the central government's shipping ministry administers the major ports, the minor and intermediate ports are administered by the relevant departments or ministries in the nine coastal states Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat. Several of these 187 minor and intermediate ports have been identified by the respective governments to be developed, in a phased manner, a good proportion of them involving public–private partnership.

The following table gives the detailed data about the Major Ports from 2001 to 2014 of Indianstat :

Major Ports 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
Kolkata 9619 9489 9173 8678 8394 7715 7181
Paradip(PPT) 2910 2851 2761 2634 2437 2234 2015
Visakhapatnam(VPT) 5069 5052 4877 4584 4189 4941 4703
Chennai(ChPT) 9065 8117 8020 7774 7511 6582 5991
Tuticorin (TPT) 2259 2224 2191 2079 1954 1813 1646
Cochin(CoPT) 4306 4103 3948 3749 3005 2766 2530
New Mangalore(NMPT) 1770 1819 1719 1636 1544 1435 1332
Mormugao(MoPT) 3018 2967 2891 2817 2665 2538 2330
J.L Nehru(JNPT) 1763 1746 1739 1730 1718 1706 1697
Mumbai (MbPT) 14481 14296 14059 13391 16379 15358 12017
Kandla(KPT) 4237 4149 4008 3774 4500 4221 3299
Ennore(EPL) 59 65 86 88 94 100 102
Total 58556 56878 55472 52934 54390 51409 44843

Shipping

Major ports handled over 74% of all cargo traffic in 2007. All major ports, except one Ennore Port are government administered, but private sector participation in ports has increased. There are also 7 shipyards under the control of the central government of India, 2 shipyards controlled by state governments, and 19 privately owned shipyards.

As of 2000, there were 102 shipping companies operating in India, of which five were privately owned and based in India and one was owned by Shipping Corporation of India. There were 639 government-owned ships, including 91 oil tankers, 79 dry cargo bulk carriers, and 10 cellular container vessels. Indian-flagged vessels carried about 15 percent of overseas cargo at Indian ports for financial year 2003.

Cargo handled

The following table gives the detailed data about the major ports of India[3] (Source: Indian Ports Association):

File:Kandla Port.jpg
Kandla Port, Gujarat
Port of Quilon - The oldest and second largest port in Kerala, situated at Kollam city
Name Cargo Handled
(FY2013-14) 		Vessel Traffic
(FY2012-13) 		Container Traffic
million tonnes % Increase
(over previous FY) 		% Increase
(over previous FY) 		'000 TEUs % Increase
(over previous FY)
Kandla 87.00 -7.06% ↓ 2,734 0.74% ↑ 29 -75.42% ↓
Paradip 68.00 20.25% ↑ 1,279 -4.96% ↓ 9 -30.77% ↓
JNPT 62.37 -3.32% ↓ 2,588 -11.25% ↓ 4,161 -2.30% ↓
Mumbai 59.19 1.98% ↑ 1,949 -5.25% ↓ 41 -14.58% ↓
Visakhapatnam 58.50 -0.91% ↓ 2,066 -16.36% ↓ 263 6.48% ↑
Chennai 51.11 -4.30% ↓ 1,928 -5.63% ↓ 1,468 -4.68% ↓
Kolkata 41.39 3.65% ↑ 3,155 -0.91% ↓ 563 -6.17% ↓
Mangalore 39.37 6.29% ↑ 1,096 -5.11% ↓ 50 4.17% ↑
Tuticorin 28.64 1.35% ↑ 1,292 -13.40% ↓ 508 6.72% ↑
Ennore (corporate) 27.34 -52.85% ↓ 475 23.38% ↑ -- --
Kochi 20.89 5.25% ↑ 1,367 -1.09% ↓ 351 4.78% ↑
Mormugao 11.74 -33.65% ↓ 473 39.75% ↑ 22 10.00% ↑
All Indian Ports 555.50 1.78% ↑ 20,402 -6.95% ↓ 7,465 -3.10% ↓
Name Cargo Handled
(FY2014-15) 		Vessel Traffic
(FY2012-13) 		Container Traffic
million tonnes % Increase
(over previous FY) 		% Increase
(over previous FY) 		'000 TEUs % Increase
(over previous FY)
Kandla 92.50 6.31% ↑ 2,734 0.74% ↑ 29 -75.42% ↓
Paradip 71.01 4.42% ↑ 1,279 -4.96% ↓ 9 -30.77% ↓
JNPT 63.80 2.36% ↑ 2,588 -11.25% ↓ 4,161 -2.30% ↓
Mumbai 61.66 4.18% ↑ 1,949 -5.25% ↓ 41 -14.58% ↓
Visakhapatnam 58.00 -0.85% ↓ 2,066 -16.36% ↓ 263 6.48% ↑
Chennai 52.54 2.81% ↑ 1,928 -5.63% ↓ 1,468 -4.68% ↓
Kolkata 46.29 11.86% ↑ 3,155 -0.91% ↓ 563 -6.17% ↓
Mangalore 36.57 -7.11% ↓ 1,096 -5.11% ↓ 50 4.17% ↑
Tuticorin 32.41 13.17% ↑ 1,292 -13.40% ↓ 508 6.72% ↑
Ennore (corporate) 30.25 10.66% ↑ 475 23.38% ↑ -- --
Kochi 21.60 3.39% ↑ 1,367 -1.09% ↓ 351 4.78% ↑
Mormugao 14.71 25.32% ↑ 473 39.75% ↑ 22 10.00% ↑
All Indian Ports 581.34 4.65% ↑ 20,402 -6.95% ↓ 7,465 -3.10% ↓

See also

References

  1. ^ http://business.gov.in/Industry_services/ports.php. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. ^ "Cabinet gives 'in principle' nod to concept of Sagarmala project". Economic Times, Times of India. 27 March 2015. Retrieved 4 July 2015.
  3. ^ "Operational Details". Indian Ports Association. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
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