Denuvo
Developer(s) | Denuvo Software Solutions GmbH |
---|---|
Initial release | 23 September 2014 |
Platform | Microsoft Windows |
Type | Digital rights management |
License | Proprietary software |
Website | denuvo |
Denuvo Anti-Tamper, or Denuvo, is an anti-tamper technology and digital rights management (DRM) scheme developed by the Austrian company Denuvo Software Solutions GmbH, a company formed through the management buyout (MBO) of Sony DADC DigitalWorks.
History
The first Denuvo-protected game was released in September 2014. Early reports suggested that Denuvo Anti-Tamper "continuously encrypts and decrypts itself so that it is impossible to crack."[1] Denuvo Software Solutions has stated that the technology "does not continuously encrypt and decrypt any data on storage media. To do so would be of no benefit in terms of security or performance." The company has not revealed how Denuvo Anti-Tamper works.[2] Games protected by Denuvo require an online re-activation for every hardware change every 24 hours and Denuvo limits activations to four hardware upgrades per 24 hours.[3][4] Denuvo's marketing director Thomas Goebl stated that some console-only releases get PC releases due to this technology.[5]
In December 2014, the Chinese warez group 3DM claimed to have defeated Denuvo and later that month released a software crack for the video game Dragon Age: Inquisition, which uses the Denuvo anti-tamper technology to protect Electronic Arts' Origin Online Access DRM.[6] The group claimed that the technology involves a "64-bit encryption machine" that requires cryptographic keys unique to the specific hardware of each installed system.[7] However, the 3DM crack arrived almost a month after the game's release in November 2014, an unusually long time for PC games[6] which were normally cracked on the same day as release. Asked about the development, Denuvo acknowledged that "every protected game eventually gets cracked"[6] and Ars Technica noted that most sales for major games happened within 30 days of release, and so publishers may consider Denuvo a success if it meant a game took significantly longer to be cracked.[8] 3DM continued to release cracks for Denuvo-protected games throughout 2015.
3DM reportedly nearly gave up attempting to crack Just Cause 3, which is protected with Denuvo, in January 2016 due to difficulties with an upgraded version of the anti-tamper mechanism.[9] They also warned that due to the current trends in encryption technology, the cracking of video games may become impossible within two years.[9][5] 3DM announced they would stop all research on Denuvo Anti-Tamper, stop cracking all single-player games from February 2016 for one whole year, start relying on other crackers and see if the sales have increased in China in one year's time.[10]
In August 2016, it was reported that the Denuvo protection found in Doom had been bypassed by a cracker named Voksi.[11] Bypasses for many other Denuvo-protected games were released the following days.[12] Although the exploit used for these bypasses was patched 3 days after the first bypass was released, news followed that Rise of the Tomb Raider, Inside and Doom[13] had been fully cracked by the scene group CONSPIR4CY (CPY)[14] by successfully emulating the enhanced "v3" anti-tamper implementation and patching the remaining in-game triggers. Playdead later removed Denuvo from their game Inside in their later patches.[15] id Software removed Denuvo from their 2016 release Doom via a patch in December later that year.[16] Crytek later removed Denuvo from their VR game The Climb.[17] CPY continues to crack Denuvo in other games.
A few months later, Resident Evil 7: Biohazard was cracked only five days after its release, making it the fastest game to be cracked with the latest Denuvo implementation at the time.[18] In May 2017, Russian cracker BALDMAN cracked two games protected by the then-latest "v4" version of Denuvo: Nier: Automata and Sniper: Ghost Warrior 3. On June 4, MKDEV cracked Constructor HD,[19] (although the release was unstable and later properly cracked by CPY.[20]) On June 6, BALDMAN cracked Tekken 7, just four days after release, despite shipping with the then-latest "v4++" implementation of Denuvo.[21] In June 2017, anonymous scene group STEAMPUNKS released Dishonored 2 with an offline Denuvo license generator. They later released Adr1ft and Planet Coaster with similar generators. The keygens released by STEAMPUNKS are allegedly packed by VMProtect,[22] which is reportedly also used by Denuvo itself in some iterations. STEAMPUNKS released working license generators for most uncracked games with the v3 implementation of Denuvo. For a short period, Denuvo protection on new games was being cracked within hours of release,[23] however this stopped with the release of Assassin's Creed Origins, which was notable for wrapping an updated Denuvo protection within VMProtect. In February 2018, CPY cracked Assassin's Creed Origins, after almost 3 months of the game's release.[24] Final Fantasy XV's Denuvo protection was bypassed by 3DM using the demo .exe file three days before release[25] and several people reported finishing the game using said crack before the game was officially released on PC.[26]
Controversy
Some consumers have alleged that Denuvo Anti-Tamper shortens the lifetime of solid-state drives (SSDs) by writing an excessive amount of data to the drive.[1][27][28][29] Denuvo Software Solutions claims that "Denuvo Anti-Tamper does not constantly read or write any data to storage media,"[2] calling it a "wrong rumor", since it doesn't perform read or write operations.[30] Games with Denuvo Anti-Tamper state in EULA that "certain files of the anti-tamper technology may remain even after the product is uninstalled from your computer."[31][32]
Another issue with Denuvo arose in 2018 in the game Tekken 7, where Katsuhiro Harada, the director of the game, confirmed that it was indeed Denuvo which was causing drastic frame-rate drops in a recent update to the game, causing an outcry among the gaming community.[33]
List of games using Denuvo
List of games formerly using Denuvo
Notes
References
- ^ a b Kalra, Karan (18 November 2014). "How The New DRM Denuvo Might Be Damaging Your SSD [Update]". ASidCast. Archived from the original on 19 January 2015.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Denuvo". www.denuvo.com. Denuvo Software Solutions GmbH. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
- ^ Burke, Steve. "(Updated) Mirror's Edge Catalyst DRM Limits PC Users to 4 Upgrades".
- ^ "Mirror's Edge: Catalyst DRM Rumors Are Wrong - PC Perspective".
- ^ a b Robert Purchese (8 January 2016). "Finally, tide turns in war with PC game crackers". www.eurogamer.net. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
- ^ a b c Purchese, Robert. "Don't call it DRM: what's Denuvo Anti-Tamper?". Eurogamer. Eurogamer.
- ^ "Denuvo DRM has been cracked - PC Invasion". Retrieved 4 September 2015.
- ^ Orland, Kyle (7 January 2016). "Major piracy group warns games may be crack-proof in two years". Ars Technica. Retrieved 7 January 2016.
- ^ a b Owen S. Good (9 January 2016). "Piracy group nearly gives up on cracking Just Cause 3, warns of bleak future". www.polygon.com. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
- ^ "3DM:新年开始不再破解单机游戏,汉化仍继续". 5 February 2016 (in Chinese). IT之家. 6 February 2016.
- ^ Papadopoulos, John. "Denuvo has been defeated, first working crack for DOOM is now available". DSOGaming. Retrieved 6 August 2016.
- ^ Papadopoulos, John. "Just Cause 3, Rise of the Tomb Raider & Inside have been cracked/bypassed". DSOGaming. Retrieved 7 August 2016.
- ^ "Inside-CONSPIR4CY".
- ^ "Denuvo Properly Cracked, "Rise of the Tomb Raider" First Victim - TorrentFreak". TorrentFreak. 9 August 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
- ^ a b "INSIDE patch notes 2016/11/23". 23 November 2016. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
- ^ a b "Denuvo Removed From Doom After Game Gets Cracked". 9 December 2016. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
- ^ "The Climb no longer has Denuvo".
- ^ "Resident Evil 7 – Latest version of the Denuvo anti-tamper tech cracked in less than five days". Retrieved 30 January 2017.
- ^ a b "Constructor - Mkdev ( FIXED )". 4 June 2017.
- ^ a b "Constructor-CPY". 15 June 2017.
- ^ a b "Tekken7.v1.0.Crack.V3.by.BALDMAN". www.xrel.to. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
- ^ "Keygen information for hacking game Dishonored 2 (Attention, article is written in Russian language!)". Retrieved 11 June 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo's DRM now being cracked within hours of release".
- ^ "Pirates claim to have finally cracked Assassin's Creed Origins". PCGamesN. Retrieved 7 February 2018.
- ^ "3DM used FFXV Demo .exe as a "crack" for the Origin unencrypted preload files and made the game playable. • r/CrackWatch". reddit.
- ^ "Just completed 3dm's Final Fantasy 15! • r/CrackWatch". reddit.
- ^ Gründken, Benjamin. "Dragon Age: Inquisition - Meldungen um SSDs zerstörenden Denuvo-Kopierschutz verunsichern Spieler, viel Lärm um nichts?". PCGamesHardware.de. PCGamesHardware.
- ^ Nguyen, The-Khoa. "Zerstört neuer Denuvo-Kopierschutz SSD-Laufwerke?". PC Magazin. PC Magazin.
- ^ "Denuvo-Kopierschutz zerstört gerüchteweise SSD-Laufwerke". Gulli.com. Gulli.
- ^ Papadopoulos, John (4 December 2014). "Denuvo: SSD Rumor Is False, No System Is Infallible, Striving To Be A Step Ahead Of Pirates". DSOGaming.com.
- ^ Wagner, Markus. "Far Cry Primal Steam EULA". Steam.
- ^ Wagner, Markus. "NieR: Automata Steam EULA". Steam.
- ^ https://wccftech.com/tekken-7-denuvo-drm-performance-issues/
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). FIFA 15.
- ^ "FIFA.15.Ultimate.Team.Edition-CPY". Retrieved 30 August 2016.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Lords of the Fallen.
- ^ "Lords.Of.The.Fallen-CPY". Retrieved 30 August 2016.
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). Dragon Age: Inquisition.
- ^ "Dragon.Age.Inquisition.Deluxe.Edition-CPY". Retrieved 30 August 2016.
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). Battlefield: Hardline.
- ^ "Battlefield.Hardline-CPY". Retrieved 30 August 2016.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Batman: Arkham Knight.
- ^ "Batman.Arkham.Knight-CPY". Retrieved 11 December 2016.
- ^ "Batman.Arkham.Knight.READ.NFO-CPY".
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain.
- ^ Klepek, Patrick (17 February 2016). "The Anti-Piracy Tech That's Giving Hackers Fits". Kotaku. Retrieved 8 September 2016.
- ^ "Metal.Gear.Solid.V.The.Phantom.Pain-CPY".
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). FIFA 16.
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). Star Wars Battlefront.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Just Cause 3.
- ^ "Just.Cause.3-CPY". 28 February 2017. Retrieved 28 February 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Rise of the Tomb Raider.
- ^ Klepek, Patrick (8 August 2016). "For A Brief Moment, Hackers Beat PC Gaming's Best Anti-Piracy Tech". Retrieved 2 September 2016.
- ^ "Rise.Of.The.Tomb.Raider.READNFO-CONSPIR4CY".
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). Unravel.
- ^ "UNRAVEL-STEAMPUNKS". Retrieved 4 July 2017.
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). Plants vs. Zombies: Garden Warfare 2.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Far Cry Primal.
- ^ "Far.Cry.Primal-CPY". Retrieved 7 January 2017.
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). Need for Speed 2016.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Eve: Gunjack.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Total War: Warhammer.
- ^ "Total War: Warhammer - Steampunks". xrel.to. Retrieved 17 June 2017.
{{cite web}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Edge of Nowhere.
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). Mirror's Edge Catalyst.
- ^ Mahmood, Sikandar (2 October 2016). "CPY Fully Cracks Denuvo, Mirror's Edge Catalyst Available on Torrent Sites". Retrieved 5 October 2016.
- ^ "Mirrors.Edge.Catalyst-CPY".
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". F1 2016.
- ^ "F1.2016-STEAMPUNKS". Retrieved 26 June 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Deus Ex: Mankind Divided.
- ^ "Deus.Ex.Mankind.Divided-CPY". Retrieved 5 February 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Fernbus Simulator.
- ^ "FERNBUS.SIMULATOR-CODEPUNKS". xrel.to. Retrieved 21 October 2017.
- ^ "Terms & Conditions". Champions of Anteria.
- ^ "Champions.Of.Anteria-CPY". Retrieved 5 February 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". God Eater Resurrection.
- ^ "God.Eater.Resurrection-CPY". Retrieved 5 February 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". God Eater 2: Rage Burst.
- ^ "God.Eater.2.Rage.Burst-CPY". Retrieved 5 February 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Damaged Core.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Pro Evolution Soccer 2017.
- ^ "Pro.Evolution.Soccer.2017-CPY". Retrieved 5 February 2017.
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). FIFA 17. Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 August 2016.
{{cite web}}
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "FIFA.17-STEAMPUNKS". Retrieved 12 July 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Ubisoft.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". WRC 6 FIA World Rally Championship.
- ^ "WRC.6.FIA.WORLD.RALLY.CHAMPIONSHIP-STEAMPUNKS". xrel.to. 15 June 2017.
- ^ "Terms & Conditions" (PDF). Battlefield 1. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 October 2016.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Battlefield.1-CPY". Retrieved 5 February 2017.
- ^ "END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT". Just Dance 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Rock Band VR.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Golfzon Driving Range.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Football Manager 17.
- ^ "FOOTBALL.MANAGER.2017-STEAMPUNKS". xrel.to. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
{{cite web}}
: Italic or bold markup not allowed in:|publisher=
(help) - ^ "FOOTBALL.MANAGER.TOUCH.2017-STEAMPUNKS". Retrieved 27 June 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Dragon Front.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Yesterday Origins.
- ^ "Yesterday.Origins-SKIDROW". Retrieved 8 February 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Handball 17.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Dishonored 2.
- ^ "DISHONORED.2-STEAMPUNKS". Retrieved 6 June 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Planet Coaster.
- ^ "PLANET.COASTER-STEAMPUNKS".
- ^ a b "Watch_Dogs 2 FAQ".
- ^ "Watch.Dogs.2-CPY". Retrieved 5 February 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Dead Rising 4.
- ^ "Dead.Rising.4.Crack.V3.by.BALDMAN". Retrieved 18 June 2017.
- ^ "Dead.Rising.4.Crack.V3.by.BALDMAN". xrel.to.
- ^ "Eagle Flight EULA".
- ^ Chalk, Andy (1 February 2017). "Denuvo admits its anti-piracy tech is not "uncrackable" after fast Resident Evil 7 crack". PC Gamer. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
- ^ "Resident.Evil.7-Biohazard-CPY". Retrieved 5 February 2017.
- ^ "Tales of Berseria - Details about the PC version".
- ^ "Tales.Of.Berseria-CPY". Retrieved 17 February 2017.
- ^ "Conan Exiles will launch in Early Access with Denuvo for anti-piracy protection".
- ^ "Conan.Exiles.Build.17925.Multiplayer.Fix.RAC.Protected-REVOLT". reddit.
- ^ "Robinson: The Journey EULA".
- ^ "For Honor Closed Beta - Protection ID Scan".
- ^ "Sniper Elite 4 on Steam".
- ^ "SNIPER.ELITE.4.DELUXE.EDITION-STEAMPUNKS". 26 June 2017.
- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Halo Wars 2.
- ^ "TOM.CLANCYS.GHOST.RECON.WILDLANDS-STEAMPUNKS". 24 July 2017.
- ^ "Tom.Clancys.Ghost.Recon.Wildlands.PROPER-CPY". 5 August 2017.
- ^ "Train Sim World®: CSX Heavy Haul on Steam".
- ^ "Train.Sim.World.CSX.Heavy.Haul.v1.4.Crack.V3.by.BALDMAN". reddit. 26 June 2017.
- ^ "NieR: Automata EULA". Retrieved 8 March 2017.
- ^ "NieR: Automata cracked by Baldman".
- ^ "NieR.Automata-CPY".
- ^ "DRAGON QUEST HEROES II EULA". Retrieved 20 April 2017.
- ^ "Dragon.Quest.Heroes.II.Crack.V3.by.BALDMAN". 25 June 2017.
- ^ "Dragon.Quest.Heroes.II.Crack.V3.by.BALDMAN". xrel.to.
- ^ "Warhammer 40,000: Dawn of War III EULA". Retrieved 24 April 2017.
- ^ "Warhammer.40000.Dawn.Of.War.III.V4.0.0.16278.Crack.by.BALDMAN.and.Voksi • r/CrackWatch". reddit. Retrieved 13 June 2017.
- ^ "Warhammer.40000.Dawn.of.War.III.v.4.0.0.16278.Crack.by.BALDMAN.and.Voksi". xrel.to.
- ^ "Prey on Steam".
- ^ "Prey cracked by Baldman".
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- ^ "Battlezone on Steam".
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- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Constructor.
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- ^ "Hunting Simulator в Steam" (in Russian). store.steampowered.com. Retrieved 17 July 2017.
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- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Lone Echo.
- ^ "LoneEcho.Booty156 • r/CrackWatch". reddit.
- ^ "Scan DLL White Day: A Labyrinth Named School".
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- ^ "White.Day.A.Labyrinth.Named.School.Update.v1.03.Crackfix-CODEX". xrel.to (nfo mentions denuvo).
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- ^ "Denuvo Support Page". Sonic Mania.
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{{cite web}}
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(help) - ^ "Marvel.VS.Capcom.Infinite-CPY". xrel.to. Retrieved 25 September 2017.