1644 in England
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Events from the year 1644 in England.
Incumbents
- Monarch – Charles I
- Parliaments – Revolutionary Long, Oxford of 1644 (starting 22 January)
Events
- January – Oliver Cromwell and his soldiers impose a Puritanical regime of worship at Ely Cathedral.
- 22 January – King Charles I opens the Royalist 'Oxford Parliament'.[1]
- 26 January – First English Civil War: at the Battle of Nantwich the Parliamentarians defeat the Royalists.[2]
- 21 March – First English Civil War: Prince Rupert effects the Relief of Newark.[3]
- 29 March – First English Civil War: Parliamentary victory at the Battle of Cheriton.[3]
- 20 April–14 June – First English Civil War: Royalists besiege Lyme Regis. They do not take the town, but destroy twenty ships.[4]
- 25 May – First English Civil War: Royalist forces under Prince Rupert storm and take Stockport and cross the Mersey.[5]
- 28 May – First English Civil War: Bolton Massacre: Royalist forces under Prince Rupert kill several hundreds of the town's defenders.[5]
- 29 June – First English Civil War: Royalist victory at the Battle of Cropredy Bridge.[3]
- 2 July – the Battle of Marston Moor, the largest battle of the English Civil War, produces a crushing victory for the Parliamentary side, ending Charles I's hold on the north of England.[2]
- 14 July – Queen Henrietta Maria leaves the country for France.[1]
- 16 July – First English Civil War: Parliamentary forces capture York.[1]
- 2 September – Second Battle of Lostwithiel, the last major victory for Charles I and the Royalist side in the English Civil War.
- 22 October – Newcastle upon Tyne captured by a Scottish army led by Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven.[2]
- 27 October – First English Civil War: Parliamentary victory at the Second Battle of Newbury.[3]
- 23 November – John Milton's Areopagitica is published.[2]
- 19 December – The House of Commons passes the Self-denying Ordinance.[3]
- 25 December – Christmas falls on a date set aside for fasting by Parliament, whose supporters are enjoined to observe the fast.[2]
Births
- 14 January – Thomas Britton, concert promoter (died 1714)
- 18 January – John Partridge, astrologer (died 1708)
- 21 March – Sir Walter Bagot, 3rd Baronet, Member of Parliament (died 1704)
- 22 March – Sir James Rushout, 1st Baronet, Member of Parliament (died 1698)
- 16 June – Henrietta Anne Stuart, Princess of England, Ireland and Scotland (died 1670)
- 30 August – Thomas Tufton, 6th Earl of Thanet, nobleman and politician (died 1729)
- 14 October – William Penn, Quaker and founder of Pennsylvania (died 1718)
- Thomas Guy, philanthropist (died 1724)
- Henry Winstanley, engineer (died 1703)
Deaths
- 30 January – William Chillingworth, theologian (born 1602)
- 2 July – William Gascoigne, scientist (born c. 1610)
- 20 July – Peter Hausted, poet and playwright (year of birth unknown)
- September – Sir Thomas Barrington, 2nd Baronet, Member of Parliament (year of birth unknown)
- 8 September
- John Coke, politician (born 1563)
- Francis Quarles, poet (born 1592)
- 6 November – Thomas Roe, diplomat (born c. 1581)
- John Bankes, judge (born 1589)
- William Crabtree, astronomer and mathematician (born 1610)
- Edward Dering, antiquary and politician (born 1598)
References
- ^ a b c Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 179–181. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- ^ a b c d e Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. p. 260. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
- ^ a b c d e "1644, British Civil Wars". Archived from the original on 12 October 2007. Retrieved 2007-09-14.
- ^ Lacey, Peter (2011). "Civil War". Ebb & Flow: the story of maritime Lyme Regis. Wimborne Minster: Dovecote Press. pp. 108–18. ISBN 978-1-904349-92-1.
- ^ a b Young, Peter; Holmes, Richard (2000). The English Civil War. Ware: Wordsworth Editions. ISBN 1-84022-222-0.