Demographics of Kazakhstan
Demographics of Kazakhstan | |
---|---|
![]() Kazakhstan population pyramid as of January 1, 2023 | |
Population | 19,879,003 (1 June, 2023)[1] |
Density | 7.29531/km2 |
Growth rate | 13.5/1,000 population (2010 est.) |
Birth rate | 22.4 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) |
Death rate | 8.9 deaths/1,000 population (2010 est.) |
Life expectancy | 72.25 years |
• male | 67.12 years |
• female | 77.06 years (2021 est.) |
Fertility rate | 3.3 children born/woman (2021 est.)[2] |
Infant mortality rate | 18.4 deaths/1,000 live births |
Age structure | |
0–14 years | 29.5% (male 3,001,983/female 2,833,471) |
15–64 years | 62.0% (male 6,028,354/female 6,224,431) |
65 and over | 8.5% (male 617,364/female 1,061,204) (2023 Est.)[3] |
Sex ratio | |
Total | 0.95 |
At birth | 1.06 male(s)/female |
Under 15 | 1.05 male(s)/female |
15–64 years | 0.95 male(s)/female |
65 and over | 0.54 male(s)/female |
Nationality | |
Nationality | Kazakhstani(s) or Kazakh(s) |
Major ethnic | Kazakh |
Minor ethnic | Russian, Uzbek, Ukrainian, Uyghur, Tatar, German |
Language | |
Official | Kazakh |
Spoken | Kazakh, Russian and others |
The demographics of Kazakhstan enumerate the demographic features of the population of Kazakhstan, including population growth, population density, ethnicity, education level, health, economic status, religious affiliations, and other aspects of the population. Some use the word Kazakh to refer to the Kazakh ethnic group and language (autochthonous to Kazakhstan as well as parts of China and Mongolia) and Kazakhstani to refer to Kazakhstan and its citizens regardless of ethnicity,[4][5] but it is common to use Kazakh in both senses.[6][7][8] According to the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs, the population of Kazakhstan in 2050 could reach about 27.5 million.[9]
Demographic trends
Official estimates put the population of Kazakhstan at 18,137,300 as of December 2017, of which 44% is rural and 56% urban population.[10] The 2009 population estimate is 6.8% higher than the population reported in the last census from January 1999 (slightly less than 15 million). These estimates have been confirmed by the 2009 population census, and this means that the decline in population that began after 1989 has been arrested and reversed.
In a report released by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) in September 2021, the level of urbanization in Kazakhstan is estimated to reach 69.1% by 2050.[11]
The proportion of men makes up 48.3%, the proportion of women 51.7%. The proportion of Kazakhs makes up 63.6%, Russians 23.7%, Uzbeks 2.9%, Ukrainians 2.1%, Uygur 1.4%, Tatars 1.3%, Germans 1.1%, others 3.9%. Note that a large percentage of the population are of mixed ethnicity.
The first census in Kazakhstan was conducted under Russian Imperial rule in 1897, which estimated population at round 4 million people. Following censuses showed a growth until 1939, where numbers showed a decrease to 6,081 thousand relative to the previous census done 13 years earlier, due to famines of 1922 and 1933.
But since 1939 population has steadily increased to 16.5 million in 1989, according to corresponding year census. Official estimates indicate that the population continued to increase after 1989, peaking out at 17 million in 1993 and then declining to 15 million in the 1999 census. The downward trend continued through 2002, when the estimated population bottomed out at 14.9 million, and then resumed its growth.[12] Significant numbers of Russians returned to Russia. Kazakhstan underwent significant urbanization during the first 50 years of the Soviet era, as the share of the rural population declined from more than 90% in the 1920s to less than 50% since the 1970s.[13] The fertility rate declined to amongst the lower rates in the world in 1999 and increased to again amongst the higher rates in the world in 2021.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Dzhasybay_beach.jpg/220px-Dzhasybay_beach.jpg)
![]() | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
![]() | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
![]() | Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Population of Kazakhstan 1897–2018
Year (January) | Population (thousands) | Rural, % | Urban, % | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|
1897 | 4,000 | n/a | n/a | census |
1926 | 6,198 | n/a | n/a | census |
1939 | 6,081 | 72 | 28 | census |
1959 | 9,295 | 56 | 44 | census |
1970 | 13,001 | 50 | 50 | census |
1979 | 14,685 | 46 | 54 | census |
1989 | 16,537 | 43 | 57 | census |
1999 | 14,953 | 43 | 57 | census |
2009 | 15,982 | 46 | 54 | census |
2023 | 20,137 | 39 | 61 | estimate |
- Data sources: Population 1897 from Russian Empire Census. Population 1926 from First All-Union Census of the Soviet Union. Population 1939–1999 from demoscope.ru,[12] 2002–2008 from Kazakhstan Statistical Agency web site.[14] Rural/urban shares 1939–1993 from statistical yearbooks, print editions,[13] 2002–2008 from Kazakhstan Statistical Agency web site.[14] 2009–2014 from Kazakhstan Statistical Agency web site.[15]
As of 2003, there were discrepancies between Western sources regarding the population of Kazakhstan. United States government sources, including the CIA World Fact Book and the US Census Bureau International Data Base, listed the population as 15,340,533,[16] while the World Bank gave a 2002 estimate of 14,858,948.[17] This discrepancy was presumably due to difficulties in measurement caused by the large migratory population in Kazakhstan, emigration, and low population density – only about 5.5 persons per km2 in an area the size of Western Europe.
Vital statistics
Births and deaths
Average population | Live births1 | Deaths1 | Natural change1 | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | Fertility rates | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1950 | 6,703,000 | 254,169 | 79,005 | 175,164 | 37.9 | 11.8 | 26.1 | |
1951 | 6,946,000 | 272,354 | 80,553 | 191,801 | 39.2 | 11.6 | 27.6 | |
1952 | 7,133,000 | 265,235 | 85,241 | 179,994 | 37.2 | 12.0 | 25.2 | |
1953 | 7,271,000 | 262,758 | 73,930 | 188,828 | 36.1 | 10.2 | 26.0 | |
1954 | 7,528,000 | 278,420 | 76,092 | 202,328 | 37.0 | 10.1 | 26.9 | |
1955 | 7,992,000 | 299,854 | 73,283 | 226,571 | 37.5 | 9.2 | 28.3 | |
1956 | 8,426,000 | 305,430 | 64,807 | 240,623 | 36.3 | 7.7 | 28.6 | |
1957 | 8,722,000 | 326,766 | 68,050 | 258,716 | 37.5 | 7.8 | 29.7 | |
1958 | 9,077,000 | 336,020 | 62,680 | 273,340 | 37.0 | 6.9 | 30.1 | |
1959 | 9,516,000 | 349,794 | 69,602 | 280,192 | 36.8 | 7.3 | 29.4 | |
1960 | 9,996,000 | 372,595 | 65,667 | 306,928 | 37.2 | 6.6 | 30.7 | |
1961 | 10,480,000 | 377,789 | 68,610 | 309,179 | 36.1 | 6.5 | 29.5 | |
1962 | 10,958,000 | 369,002 | 70,952 | 298,050 | 33.7 | 6.5 | 27.2 | |
1963 | 11,321,000 | 346,084 | 67,218 | 278,866 | 30.6 | 5.9 | 24.6 | |
1964 | 11,610,000 | 324,412 | 66,197 | 258,215 | 27.9 | 5.7 | 22.2 | |
1965 | 11,909,000 | 314,533 | 69,803 | 244,730 | 26.4 | 5.9 | 20.6 | |
1966 | 12,185,000 | 307,905 | 69,402 | 238,503 | 25.3 | 5.7 | 19.6 | |
1967 | 12,456,000 | 301,715 | 71,824 | 229,891 | 24.2 | 5.8 | 18.5 | |
1968 | 12,694,000 | 296,882 | 73,496 | 223,386 | 23.4 | 5.8 | 17.6 | |
1969 | 12,901,000 | 297,129 | 78,660 | 218,469 | 23.0 | 6.1 | 16.9 | |
1970 | 13,106,000 | 301,451 | 77,619 | 223,832 | 23.0 | 5.9 | 17.1 | |
1971 | 13,321,000 | 317,423 | 79,881 | 237,542 | 23.8 | 6.0 | 17.8 | |
1972 | 13,534,000 | 318,551 | 85,122 | 233,429 | 23.5 | 6.3 | 17.2 | |
1973 | 13,742,000 | 321,075 | 90,282 | 230,793 | 23.4 | 6.6 | 16.8 | |
1974 | 13,955,000 | 338,291 | 93,582 | 244,709 | 24.2 | 6.7 | 17.5 | |
1975 | 14,136,000 | 343,668 | 101,865 | 241,803 | 24.3 | 7.2 | 17.1 | |
1976 | 14,279,000 | 350,362 | 103,892 | 246,470 | 24.5 | 7.3 | 17.3 | |
1977 | 14,425,000 | 349,379 | 105,376 | 244,003 | 24.2 | 7.3 | 16.9 | |
1978 | 14,589,000 | 355,337 | 107,293 | 248,044 | 24.4 | 7.4 | 17.0 | |
1979 | 14,743,000 | 354,320 | 113,687 | 240,633 | 24.0 | 7.7 | 16.3 | |
1980 | 14,884,000 | 356,013 | 119,078 | 236,935 | 23.9 | 8.0 | 15.9 | |
1981 | 15,033,000 | 367,950 | 120,974 | 246,976 | 24.5 | 8.0 | 16.4 | |
1982 | 15,185,000 | 373,416 | 120,165 | 253,251 | 24.6 | 7.9 | 16.7 | |
1983 | 15,334,000 | 378,577 | 123,807 | 254,770 | 24.7 | 8.1 | 16.6 | |
1984 | 15,481,000 | 399,403 | 129,796 | 269,607 | 25.8 | 8.4 | 17.4 | 3.04 |
1985 | 15,623,000 | 396,929 | 126,786 | 270,143 | 25.4 | 8.1 | 17.3 | 3.02 |
1986 | 15,776,000 | 410,846 | 119,149 | 291,697 | 26.0 | 7.6 | 18.5 | 3.13 |
1987 | 15,948,000 | 417,139 | 122,835 | 294,304 | 26.2 | 7.7 | 18.5 | 3.19 |
1988 | 16,188,000 | 407,116 | 126,898 | 280,218 | 25.3 | 7.9 | 17.4 | 3.13 |
1989 | 16,243,000 | 382,269 | 126,378 | 255,891 | 23.5 | 7.8 | 15.8 | 2.81 |
1990 | 16,328,000 | 362,081 | 128,576 | 233,505 | 22.2 | 7.9 | 14.3 | 2.72 |
1991 | 16,405,000 | 353,174 | 134,324 | 218,850 | 21.5 | 8.2 | 13.3 | 2.67 |
1992 | 16,439,000 | 337,612 | 137,518 | 200,094 | 20.5 | 8.4 | 12.2 | 2.62 |
1993 | 16,381,000 | 315,482 | 156,070 | 159,412 | 19.3 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 2.54 |
1994 | 16,146,000 | 305,624 | 160,339 | 145,285 | 18.9 | 9.9 | 9.0 | 2.43 |
1995 | 15,816,000 | 276,125 | 168,656 | 107,469 | 17.5 | 10.7 | 6.8 | 2.21 |
1996 | 15,578,000 | 253,175 | 166,028 | 87,147 | 16.3 | 10.7 | 5.6 | 2.02 |
1997 | 15,334,000 | 232,356 | 160,138 | 72,218 | 15.2 | 10.4 | 4.7 | 1.93 |
1998 | 15,072,000 | 222,380 | 154,314 | 68,066 | 14.8 | 10.2 | 4.5 | 1.81 |
1999 | 14,939,000 | 217,578 | 147,416 | 70,162 | 14.6 | 9.9 | 4.7 | 1.80 |
2000 | 14,915,000 | 222,054 | 149,778 | 72,276 | 14.9 | 10.0 | 4.8 | 1.88 |
2001 | 14,910,000 | 221,487 | 147,876 | 73,611 | 14.9 | 9.9 | 4.9 | 1.84 |
2002 | 14,931,000 | 227,171 | 149,381 | 77,790 | 15.2 | 10.0 | 5.2 | 1.88 |
2003 | 15,002,000 | 247,946 | 155,277 | 92,669 | 16.5 | 10.4 | 6.2 | 2.03 |
2004 | 15,126,000 | 273,028 | 152,250 | 120,778 | 18.0 | 10.1 | 8.0 | 2.21 |
2005 | 15,281,000 | 278,977 | 157,121 | 121,856 | 18.3 | 10.3 | 8.0 | 2.22 |
2006 | 15,463,000 | 301,756 | 157,210 | 144,546 | 19.5 | 10.2 | 9.3 | 2.36 |
2007 | 15,659,000 | 321,963 | 158,297 | 163,666 | 20.6 | 10.1 | 10.5 | 2.47 |
2008 | 15,870,000 | 356,575 | 152,706 | 203,869 | 22.5 | 9.6 | 12.8 | 2.68 |
2009 | 16,093,000 | 356,378 | 143,238 | 213,140 | 22.1 | 8.9 | 13.2 | 2.55 |
2010 | 16,322,000 | 367,942 | 146,370 | 221,572 | 22.5 | 8.9 | 13.6 | 2.59 |
2011 | 16,557,000 | 372,801 | 144,944 | 227,857 | 22.5 | 8.7 | 13.8 | 2.59 |
2012 | 16,791,000 | 381,005 | 142,880 | 238,125 | 22.7 | 8.5 | 14.2 | 2.62 |
2013 | 17,035,000 | 393,421 | 137,630 | 255,791 | 22.7 | 8.0 | 14.7 | 2.64 |
2014 | 17,289,000 | 401,066 | 132,236 | 268,830 | 23.1 | 7.6 | 15.5 | 2.73 |
2015 | 17,557,000 | 398,561 | 131,867 | 266,694 | 22.7 | 7.5 | 15.2 | 2.74 |
2016 | 17,818,000 | 400,940 | 132,373 | 277,567 | 22.5 | 7.4 | 15.6 | 2.77 |
2017 | 18,014,000 | 390,520 | 130,033 | 260,487 | 21.7 | 7.2 | 14.5 | 2.75 |
2018 | 18,137,000 | 397,947 | 130,515 | 267,432 | 21.8 | 7.1 | 14.7 | 2.84 |
2019 | 18,396,000 | 403,064 | 133,489 | 269,575 | 21.8 | 7.2 | 14.6 | 2.90 |
2020 | 18,632,000 | 425,625 | 162,613 | 263,012 | 22.4 | 8.6 | 13.8 | 3.13 |
2021 | 18,880,000 | 450,652 | 183,357 | 267,295 | 23.4 | 9.5 | 13.9 | 3.32 |
2022 | 19,765,004 | 403,500 | 134,709 | 268,791 | 20.3 | 6.8 | 13.5 | 3.05 |
1 Births and deaths until 1979 are estimates.
Current vital statistics
Period | Live births | Deaths | Natural increase |
---|---|---|---|
January — August 2022 | 263,780 | 91,419 | +172,361 |
January — August 2023 | 258,011 | 85,989 | +172,022 |
Difference | ![]() |
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Structure of the population
Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2020) (Data refer to resident population.):[24]
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 9 097 267 | 9 658 399 | 18 755 666 | 100 |
0–4 | 1 022 237 | 958 277 | 1 980 514 | 10.56 |
5–9 | 965 866 | 913 058 | 1 878 924 | 10.02 |
10–14 | 816 101 | 772 157 | 1 588 257 | 8.47 |
15–19 | 615 837 | 585 452 | 1 201 288 | 6.40 |
20–24 | 582 579 | 559 084 | 1 141 663 | 6.09 |
25–29 | 730 413 | 717 630 | 1 448 042 | 7.72 |
30–34 | 792 268 | 815 199 | 1 607 467 | 8.57 |
35–39 | 667 026 | 685 087 | 1 352 112 | 7.21 |
40–44 | 577 247 | 609 053 | 1 186 299 | 6.33 |
45–49 | 522 372 | 572 306 | 1 094 678 | 5.84 |
50–54 | 469 831 | 528 745 | 998 576 | 5.32 |
55–59 | 457 142 | 543 339 | 1 000 481 | 5.22 |
60–64 | 356 326 | 465 488 | 821 814 | 4.38 |
65–69 | 234 577 | 352 991 | 587 568 | 3.13 |
70–74 | 138 407 | 241 194 | 379 601 | 2.02 |
75–79 | 66 167 | 135 243 | 201 410 | 1.07 |
80–84 | 58 715 | 141 600 | 200 314 | 1.07 |
85–89 | 15 891 | 43 412 | 59 303 | 0.32 |
90–94 | 5 702 | 15 593 | 21 295 | 0.11 |
95–99 | 1 773 | 2 862 | 4 635 | 0.02 |
100+ | 795 | 635 | 1 430 | 0.01 |
Age group | Male | Female | Total | Percent |
0–14 | 2 804 204 | 2 643 492 | 5 447 696 | 29.05 |
15–64 | 5 771 036 | 6 081 377 | 11 852 413 | 63.19 |
65+ | 522 027 | 933 530 | 1 455 557 | 7.76 |
Structure of the population (01.01.2021) (Estimates):[25]
Age Group | Male | Female | Total | % |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total | 9 160 399 | 9 719 153 | 18 879 552 | 100 |
0–15 | 2 980 297 | 2 809 236 | 5 789 533 | 30.7 |
16–62(59) | 5 524 137 | 5 485 235 | 11 009 372 | 58.3 |
63(60)+ | 655 965 | 1 424 682 | 2 080 647 | 11.0 |
The age group under 15 is considered below the working age, while the age group over 63(60) is above the working age (63 years for men, 60 for women).
Total fertility rate
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Total_Fertility_Rate_of_Kazakhstan_by_region_-_2021.svg/220px-Total_Fertility_Rate_of_Kazakhstan_by_region_-_2021.svg.png)
Total fertility rate by regions of Kazakhstan: Mangystau – 3.80, South Kazakhstan – 3.71, Kyzylorda – 3.42, Atyrau – 3.29, Jambyl – 3.20, Aqtobe – 2.70, Almaty (province) – 2.65, Almaty (city) – 2.65, City of Astana – 2.44, West Kazakhstan – 2.29, Aqmola – 2.19, East Kazakhstan – 2.07, Qaragandy – 2.04, Pavlodar – 1.98, North Kazakhstan – 1.72, Qostanay – 1.70, Republic of Kazakhstan – 2.65. Thus it can be seen that fertility rate is higher in more traditionalist and religious south and west, and lower in the north and east, where the percentage of Slavic and German population is still relatively high.[26][27][28]
According to the Kazakhstan Demographic and Health Survey in 1999, the TFR for Kazakhs was 2.5 and that for Russians was 1.38. TFR in 1989 for Kazakhs & Russians were 3.58 and 2.24 respectively.[29]
Total fertility rate per woman by ethnicity | 1989 | 1995 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kazakh women | 3.58 | 3.11 | 2.50 | 2.12 | 2.11 | 2.14 | 2.30 | 2.52 | 2.54 | 2.73 |
Russian women | 2.24 | 1.69 | 1.38 | 1.18 | 1.17 | 1.21 | 1.30 | 1.36 | 1.35 | 1.38 |
Ukrainian women | 1.60 | 1.59 | 1.60 | 1.71 | 1.76 | 1.73 | 1.80 | |||
Uzbek women | 2.90 | 2.92 | 2.88 | 3.10 | 3.39 | 3.32 | 3.43 |
Life expectancy at birth
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Life_expectancy_in_Kazakhstan.svg/300px-Life_expectancy_in_Kazakhstan.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Kazakhstan_-diff.png/300px-Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Kazakhstan_-diff.png)
Period | Life expectancy in Years |
Period | Life expectancy in Years |
---|---|---|---|
1950–1955 | 55.1 | 1985–1990 | 67.5 |
1955–1960 | 57.3 | 1990–1995 | 65.5 |
1960–1965 | 59.5 | 1995–2000 | 63.0 |
1965–1970 | 61.7 | 2000–2005 | 64.6 |
1970–1975 | 63.3 | 2005–2010 | 66.0 |
1975–1980 | 64.3 | 2010–2015 | 69.1 |
1980–1985 | 65.9 |
Source: UN World Population Prospects[31]
Ethnic groups
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Kazakhstan_demographics_1897-1970_en.png/400px-Kazakhstan_demographics_1897-1970_en.png)
History of ethnic composition
Kazakhstan's dominant ethnic group, the Kazakhs, traces its origins to the 15th century, when after the disintegration of Golden Horde, numbers of Turkic and Turco-Mongol tribes united to establish the Kazakh Khanate. With a cohesive culture and national identity, they constituted an absolute majority on the land until colonization by the Russian empire.
Russian advances into the territory of Kazakhstan began in the late 18th century, when the Kazakhs nominally accepted Russian rule in exchange for protection against repeated attacks by the western Mongolian Kalmyks. In the 1890s, Russian peasants began to settle on the fertile lands of northern Kazakhstan, causing many Kazakhs to move eastwards into Chinese territory in search of new grazing grounds. The 1906 completion of the Trans-Aral Railway between Orenburg and Tashkent further facilitated Russian colonization.[33][34]
The first collective farms were formed in Kazakhstan in 1921, populated primarily by Russians and Soviet deportees. In 1930, as part of the first Five Year Plan, the Kazakh Central Committee decreed the sedentarization of nomads and their incorporation into collectivized farms. This movement resulted in devastating famines, claiming the lives of an estimated 40% of ethnic Kazakhs (1.5 million), between 1930 and 1933.[35] Hundreds of thousands also fled to China, Iran and Afghanistan. The famine made Kazakhs a minority of the population of Kazakhstan, and only after the republic gained independence in 1991 did Kazakhs have a slim demographic majority within Kazakhstan.[33]
Demographics did shift in the 1950s and 1960s, when, as part of Nikita Khrushchev's Virgin Lands Campaign, hundreds of thousands of Soviet citizens relocated to the Kazakh steppes in order to farm. As recognized in the 1959 census, the Kazaks became the second-largest ethnic group in Kazakhstan for the first time in recorded history, comprising just 30% of the total population of Kazakhstan. Russians numbered 42.7%.[36]
Since the Soviet Union's collapse, the numbers of members of European ethnic groups has been falling and Asian groups have been continuously rising. According to 2023 estimates, the ethnic composition of Kazakhstan was approximately: 70.7% Kazakh, 15.2% Russian, 3.3% Uzbek, 1.9% Ukrainian, 1.5% Uyghur, 1.1% Tatar, 1.1% German, and <1% Korean, Turkish, Azerbaijani, Belarusian, Dungan, Kurdish, Tajik, Polish, Kyrgyz, Chechen.[37]
Ethnic group |
census 18971 | census 19262 | census 19393 | census 19594 | census 19705 | census 19796 | census 19897 | census 19998 | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
Kazakhs | 3,392,751 | 82.9 | 3,627,612 | 58.5 | 2,327,625 | 37.8 | 2,794,966 | 30.0 | 4,161,164 | 32.4 | 5,289,349 | 36.0 | 6,534,616 | 39.7 | 8,011,452 | 53.5 |
Russians | 454,402 | 11.1 | 1,275,055 | 20.6 | 2,458,687 | 40.0 | 3,974,229 | 42.7 | 5,499,826 | 42.8 | 5,991,205 | 40.8 | 6,227,549 | 37.8 | 4,480,675 | 29.9 |
Uzbeks | 29,564 | 1.3 | 129,407 | 2.1 | 120,655 | 2.0 | 136,570 | 1.5 | 207,514 | 1.6 | 263,295 | 1.8 | 332,017 | 2.0 | ||
Ukrainians | 860,201 | 13.9 | 658,319 | 10.7 | 762,131 | 8.2 | 930,158 | 7.2 | 897,964 | 6.1 | 896,240 | 5.4 | ||||
Uygurs | 11,631 | 0.2 | 35,409 | 0.6 | 59,840 | 0.6 | 120,784 | 0.9 | 147,943 | 1.0 | 185,301 | 1.1 | ||||
Tatars | 55,984 | 1.1 | 79,758 | 1.3 | 108,127 | 1.8 | 191,802 | 2.1 | 281,849 | 2.2 | 312,626 | 2.1 | 327,982 | 2.0 | ||
Germans | 51,094 | 0.8 | 92,571 | 1.5 | 659,800 | 7.1 | 839,649 | 6.5 | 900,207 | 6.1 | 957,518 | 5.8 | ||||
Koreans | 42 | 0.0 | 96,453 | 1.6 | 74,019 | 0.8 | 78,078 | 0.6 | 91,984 | 0.6 | 103,315 | 0.6 | ||||
Turks | 46 | 0.0 | 523 | 0.0 | 9,916 | 0.1 | 18,397 | 0.1 | 25,820 | 0.2 | 49,567 | 0.3 | ||||
Azerbaijanis | 20 | 0.0 | 12,996 | 0.2 | 38,362 | 0.4 | 56,166 | 0.4 | 73,345 | 0.5 | 90,083 | 0.5 | ||||
Belarusians | 25,584 | 0.4 | 31,614 | 0.5 | 107,463 | 1.2 | 197,592 | 1.5 | 181,491 | 1.2 | 182,601 | 1.1 | ||||
Poles | 3,742 | 0.1 | 54,809 | 0.9 | 53,102 | 0.6 | 61,355 | 0.5 | 61,136 | 0.4 | 59,956 | 0.4 | ||||
Chechens | 3 | 0.0 | 2,639 | 0.0 | 130,232 | 1.4 | 34,492 | 0.3 | 38,256 | 0.3 | 49,507 | 0.3 | ||||
Dungans | 8,455 | 0.1 | 7,415 | 0.1 | 9,980 | 0.1 | 17,283 | 0.1 | 22,491 | 0.2 | 30,165 | 0.2 | ||||
Tajiks | 7,599 | 0.1 | 11,229 | 0.2 | 8,075 | 0.1 | 7,166 | 0.1 | 19,293 | 0.1 | 25,514 | 0.2 | ||||
Kurds | 2,387 | 0.0 | 6,109 | 0.1 | 12,299 | 0.1 | 17,692 | 0.1 | 25,425 | 0.2 | ||||||
Kyrgyz | 10,200 | 0.2 | 5,033 | 0.1 | 6,810 | 0.1 | 9,474 | 0.1 | 9,352 | 0.1 | 14,112 | 0.1 | ||||
Others | 108,016 | 1.7 | 124,611 | 2.0 | 286,441 | 3.1 | 315,347 | 2.5 | 340,834 | 2.3 | 372,996 | 2.3 | ||||
Total | 6,198,465 | 6,151,102 | 9,309,847 | 12,848,573 | 14,684,283 | 16,464,464 | 14,981,281 | |||||||||
1 Excluding the Kara-Kalpak AO; source:[38] 2 Source:.[39] 3 Source:.[40] 4 Source:.[41] 5 Source:.[42] 6 Source:.[43] 7 Source:[44] |
Ethnic group |
census 20098 | estimate 20149 | estimate 202010 | census 202111 | estimate 202312 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
Kazakhs | 10,096,763 | 63.1 | 11,244,547 | 65.5 | 12,764,821 | 68.5 | 13,497,891 | 70.4 | 13,965,957 | 70.7 |
Russians | 3,793,764 | 23.7 | 3,685,009 | 21.5 | 3,512,925 | 18.9 | 2,981,946 | 15.5 | 3,000,611 | 15.2 |
Uzbeks | 456,997 | 2.9 | 521,252 | 3.0 | 605,137 | 3.3 | 614,047 | 3.2 | 643,363 | 3.3 |
Ukrainians | 333,031 | 2.1 | 301,346 | 1.8 | 263,962 | 1.4 | 387,327 | 2.0 | 380,226 | 1.9 |
Uygurs | 224,713 | 1.4 | 246,777 | 1.4 | 274,509 | 1.5 | 290,337 | 1.5 | 297,138 | 1.5 |
Germans | 178,409 | 1.1 | 181,928 | 1.1 | 176,107 | 0.9 | 226,092 | 1.2 | 225,345 | 1.1 |
Tatars | 204,229 | 1.3 | 203,108 | 1.2 | 200,545 | 1.1 | 197,489 | 1.0 | 219,153 | 1.1 |
Azerbaijanis | 85,292 | 0.5 | 98,646 | 0.6 | 112,547 | 0.6 | 145,615 | 0.8 | 150,440 | 0.8 |
Koreans | 100,385 | 0.6 | 105,400 | 0.6 | 108,551 | 0.6 | 107,569 | 0.6 | 119,822 | 0.6 |
Turks | 97,015 | 0.6 | 104,792 | 0.6 | 113,421 | 0.6 | 85,478 | 0.5 | 88,505 | 0.4 |
Dungans | 51,944 | 0.3 | 62,029 | 0.4 | 74,409 | 0.4 | 78,817 | 0.4 | 81,738 | 0.4 |
Belarusians | 66,476 | 0.4 | 60,295 | 0.4 | 53,440 | 0.3 | 76,484 | 0.4 | 75,637 | 0.4 |
Tajiks | 36,277 | 0.2 | 42,143 | 0.3 | 50,121 | 0.3 | 49,827 | 0.3 | 53,480 | 0.3 |
Kurds | 38,325 | 0.2 | 42,312 | 0.3 | 47,153 | 0.3 | 47,880 | 0.3 | 49,355 | 0.2 |
Poles | 34,057 | 0.2 | 32,661 | 0.2 | 29,728 | 0.2 | 35,319 | 0.2 | 34,914 | 0.2 |
Kyrgyz | 23,274 | 0.2 | 29,803 | 0.2 | 34,184 | 0.2 | 36,989 | 0.2 | ||
Chechens | 31,431 | 0.2 | 32,252 | 0.2 | 33,507 | 0.2 | 33,557 | 0.2 | 34,330 | 0.2 |
Others | 157,215 | 1.0 | 210,896 | 1.1 | 285,275 | 1.5 | 309,804 | 1.6 | ||
Total | 16,009,597 | 17,160,774 | 18,631,779 | 19,186,015 | 19,766,807 | |||||
8 Source: 9 Source:[45] 10 Source:[46] 11 Source:[47] 12 Source:[48] |
Religion
See also
References
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Bibliography
- Rasuly-Paleczek, Gabriele; Katschnig, Julia (2005), Central Asia on Display: Proceedings of the VIIth Conference of the European Society for Central Asian Studies, LIT Verlag Münster, ISBN 978-3-8258-8309-6.
External links
For current data, use these sites.
- Population and social policy, Statistical Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan (kaz
- World Bank Database
- CIA World Fact Book page on Kazakhstan
- US Census Bureau International Data Base
- countrystudies.us
- WESP population statistics Archived 2006-05-02 at the Wayback Machine
- Russians left behind in Central Asia